CN1069246C - Stopper rod with an outer layer for forming a gas-tight layer - Google Patents
Stopper rod with an outer layer for forming a gas-tight layer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1069246C CN1069246C CN95196505A CN95196505A CN1069246C CN 1069246 C CN1069246 C CN 1069246C CN 95196505 A CN95196505 A CN 95196505A CN 95196505 A CN95196505 A CN 95196505A CN 1069246 C CN1069246 C CN 1069246C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stopper rod
- notes
- skin
- layer
- shaft
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/16—Closures stopper-rod type, i.e. a stopper-rod being positioned downwardly through the vessel and the metal therein, for selective registry with the pouring opening
- B22D41/18—Stopper-rods therefor
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
- Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
A steel casting stopper rod comprising a body (2) with a tip (5) made of a carbon-containing refractory material. The tip (5) is at least partially coated with an outer layer (4) capable of forming a gas-tight, oxidised, densified sintered layer at temperatures higher than 1000 DEG C. The layer (4) preferably consists of a refractory material comprising sintering precursors such as calcined alumina, reactive calcined alumina, silica fumes or clays.
Description
In continuous casting steel machine, the heat proof material piece is used to guiding and regulation and control molten steel flow.Annotating stopper rod is used in particular for regulation and control and/or stops that molten steel flows to distributor and flows to continuous casting mold from distributor from steel ladle.The service condition of heat proof material is very abominable.It must stand thermal strain, the oxidation of molten steel burn into and respond because of institute that heat proof material composition and steel contact interaction caused.
The general carbon containing of employed heat proof material.They often use carbon to link and contain some refractory oxides, such as aluminium oxide, zirconia, potter's clay, magnesia, silica, carborundum and other dense granule (grain dense).These heat proof materials generally also contain a great deal of with the carbon of graphite, amorphous graphite, carbon black form and the additional amount carbon that obtains from used adhesive.
The present invention relates to a kind of notes stopper rod, it comprise make by the carbon containing heat proof material, end is the shaft of a bar head.
This type of annotates stopper rod is known (GB-A-2,095,612).It has a shaft, and one be positioned at the shaft end, by being different from the bracing piece head that the shaft material is made.The common compression molding of shaft and bar head material quilt in once-through operation.In other words, the powder of two kinds of heterogeneities, the graphite oxidation aluminium that for example is used for shaft and the zirconia or the magnesia that are used for the bar head are introduced in the same mould simultaneously, compress simultaneously then and calcine.
But, to annotate in the stopper rod at this type of, the combination between aluminium oxide, zirconia and/or the magnesium oxide particle is by carbon bond, the carbon that promptly wherein is included in the mixture forms the space lattice that is wrapped in variable grain by thermal polymerization.
The corrosivity steel of elevated oxygen level is existing is cast, and they not with aluminium or silicon deoxidation or not deoxidation fully, corrode the bar head that this type of annotates stopper rod usually.This causes annotating the stopper rod lost of life and needs are often changed.
On the other hand, compound especially can react between the gaseous compound, and described compound can at high temperature produce in the heat proof material that constitutes the bar head and in the molten steel.For instance, carbon monoxide reduction is present in some element in the molten steel of bar head surface, and generates the particularly oxide precipitation thing of aluminium oxide on this surface.The oxide deposition hinders the tight obstruction to the cast passage gradually.
A kind of just notes stopper rod that has overcome above-mentioned shortcoming of object of the present invention.It provides a kind of notes stopper rod, can prevent the wherein especially reaction between the gaseous compound of compound, and described compound can at high temperature produce in heat proof material that constitutes the bar head and molten steel.
According to the present invention, comprise that by making the bar head skin that partly or completely coats realized The above results.When it was heated to more than 1000 ℃, this layer can form a sintering, densification, air-locked oxide layer.
Because the existence of this layer, the bar head for deoxidation not or fully the corrosion resistance of the molten steel of deoxidation strengthen not quite a lot of.Prolong the service life of annotating stopper rod, therefore brought very big belt-tightening economic benefit for the user.
Avoided the oxide deposition of bar head surface equally, so unaffected to the regulation and control of molten steel.Even after long cast sequence, to the tight obstruction at sprue gate is possible.
The bar head is outer preferably to be made up of a kind of heat proof material that contains the sintering precursor.These precursors are designed to help sintering phenomenon, i.e. binding between particle and the particle.It makes realizes sintering under lower temperature, and finishes in the short period of time.
The sintering precursor is selected from the fine particle (＜50 microns) of aluminium oxide, activated alumina, fumed silica, potter's clay, oxide especially.Bar point skin preferably by contain at least 4% (weight) at the most the material of 9% (weight) carbon make, comprise the carbon that is contained in the employed binding agent; Wherein 1.5-6% (weight) is a graphite form.Ideally, the total amount of carbon is no more than 5% by weight.
This skin can be formed by being independent of the cover of making outside the notes stopper rod, is combined to then and annotates on the stopper rod; It can also be made with shaft pressing simultaneously.
Preferably adopt with a kind of bonding agent so that the shaft material and the cladding material of bonding notes stopper rod.Adopt same bonding agent to annotate in the stopper rod and bring bigger convenience in the pressing manufacturing.In fact, it is very difficult adopting two kinds of different bonding agent pressings to annotate stopper rod under a kind of situation in back, even may not.
According to a preferred embodiment, bar head cladding material contains the reagent that reduces gas permeability.These reagent are preferably selected from metallic addition or preferably silicon, borax, carborundum, boron carbide.When these purposes that reduce the reagent of gas permeability were to join sintering bar point skin, the airtight dense oxide layer of formation formed a layer that reduces gas permeability.
In a preferred embodiment, skin contains at least 80% aluminium oxide.Its thickness is no more than 10 millimeters, and the thickness of this air-locked dense sintering layer is no more than 5 millimeters.
The invention still further relates to a kind of the present invention of manufacturing and annotate the method for stopper rod.In this way, in a heat treatment step, form the air-locked sinter layer of densification on bar point surface.This heat treatment step preferably is less than 20 minutes by the bar point is placed under 1000 ℃.This heat treatment step can annotated between the stopper rod warming up period or carry out before the preheating.
With reference to accompanying drawing, by reading the explanation of following non-limiting example, other characteristics of the present invention and benefit will be clear.
In the accompanying drawing:
-Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional drawing according to notes stopper rod of the present invention;
-Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 are the part zoomed-in views of the notes stopper rod bar point represented of Fig. 1;
-Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the preheating method of the preferred use that is used to make notes stopper rod of the present invention form fine and close airtight sinter layer.
Among Fig. 1, annotate stopper rod and comprise a microscler shaft 2. Because the existence of pressing core causes shaft Leave an axial channel 3. Axial channel 2 extends to very little one section distance apart from its lower end from annotating the stopper rod upper end From locating. The upper end of shaft can link to each other with unshowned device, joins on the elevating mechanism, so that In the vertical mobile stopper rod of annotating, regulate and control flowing of molten steel.
In the lower end of annotating stopper rod one circular pin point 5 is arranged. Annotating stopper rod steel body is made by conventional heat proof material. Described heat proof material for example as: contain the material of 20-30% carbon or one or more refractory oxides, Described oxide such as aluminium oxide, zirconia, silica, magnesia etc.
The skin 4 of bar point 5 forms total calcination loss of this material by the heat proof material of low content of graphite Less than 9%. This shows when this material is oxidized in notes stopper rod warm-up phase, the stone that it is contained Carbon content in China ink and the binding agent be heat proof material weight 9% or still less. On the other hand, outer 4 Contain for example aluminium oxide of a large amount of oxide heat proof materials. At last, the material of the skin 4 of formation bar head contains Sintering precursor, particularly calcined alumina, active calcined alumina, fumed silica or pottery are arranged Soil. The total amount of oxide heat proof material is for equaling at least 80%. The sintering precursor generally is small size particle, It is the high-ratio surface particle. This contact area that has just increased between the particle. The ratio table of calcined alumina Face is big. And the specific surface of active calcined alumina is bigger. Fumed silica causes aluminium oxide and dioxy Form the reaction of mullite (mullite) between the SiClx. By the reaction of mullite, layer 4 has been realized Densified. Potter's clay class system 1000-1100 ℃, forms the potter's clay bonding equally at a lower temperature.
Because the existence of one or more sintering precursors can for example 1000 ℃ of lower temperatures, form Bonding between the aluminium dioxide particle (potter's clay bonding). This layer densification, hard and have a very small diameter The hole. So it is airtight. This layer preferably forms in annotating the stopper rod warm, but also can be before this Form. Warm-up operation can oxidation be contained in the carbon in outer 4, therefore it is removed. Like this must To the decarburized layer that is positioned at bar point 5 outer surfaces. Should be noted that this practical decarburized depth is very little. Say for example It, if outer 4 thick 10 millimeters, then practical decarburized depth typically is 3 millimeters, maximum 5 millimeters. Sizable thickness part not decarburization when preheating of so obvious outer 4. In fact this behaviour Can observe simultaneously two phenomenons in the work. On the one hand, the content of carbon is higher, and it is ventilative to increase material layer The property the oxidized ratio of carbon just bigger; Material layer carbon content generally should be not high just for this, any situation Lower 9% the reason that all should not be higher than. On the other hand, push away sintering phenomenon takes place oxidized the time, it Tend on the contrary form airtight layer, prevent the further decarburization in heat proof material inside. In order to make notes Stopper rod moves satisfactorily, should make the rapid oxidation reaction that surpasses wherein of sintering on top layer. Here it is provides Above-mentioned sintering precursor is so that knot burns and accelerate the reason of sintering.
Notes stopper rod shown in Figure 1 makes by the method for so-called isotropism co-extrusion pressure. Two kinds of mixing Thing, one are corresponding to the composition of the shaft 2 of annotating stopper rod, and another kind is corresponding to the composition of skin 4, together In time, is placed in one and has in the elastic mould of axle core, and described axle core is used for the last corresponding passage that forms 3. In an isotropism extruder, realize combination. Shaft 2 and outer 4 is used same binding agent. Use same binding agent to have very big advantage, bonding is more firm because it makes interblock, and guarantees shaft 2 And bonding is better between outer 4.
Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 have represented the part before warm-up operation (Fig. 2) of notes stopper rod shown in Figure 1 And the situation of (Fig. 3) behind the warm-up operation. Among Fig. 2, corresponding to the layer 2 of annotating the stopper rod shaft with corresponding Layer 4 in outer layer thickness can distinguish before preheating. The layer 2 that forms shaft among Fig. 3 keeps not Become. On the contrary, layer 4 changes stratification 4a and layer 4b thereafter, and layer 4b consisted of above-mentioned air-locked causing Close sintering oxidation layer, layer 4b is not oxidized because of tegillum 4a protection. Thereby its composition keeps with pre-Heat before identical. The result clearly, the bar point (busette) that is only formed by two different layers during beginning, Contain now three different layers. Also preferably in layer 4, add the reagent that reduces gas permeability. These are not Ventilative reagent is metal silicide, borax, boron carbide (B for example4C), boron nitride (BN). These The purpose of reagent is to reduce the gas permeability of layer 4b, prevents that with formation gas is in steel ladle or distributor Molten steel and heat proof material shaft 2 between the circulation auxiliary barrier.
Shown in Figure 4 is the correct way that preheating the present invention annotates stopper rod. According to curve A, will annotate plug rapidly Bar is heated at least 1000 ℃. This temperature is in the passage 3 interior mensuration of heat proof material inside. This operation Finish being shorter than in 20 minutes. In fact, as previously mentioned, in warm, take place simultaneously two now Resemble: being the oxidation of carbon in the layer on the one hand, is to form the dense sintering layer on the other hand. If institute among Fig. 3 The fine and close airtight sinter layer that shows is not rapid formation, and oxidation will proceed to outer 4 whole thickness, And can reach shaft 2 equally. For this situation can not taken place, should be warming up to rapidly sintering temperature, I.e. at least 1000 ℃ temperature, as shown in Figure 4. Therefore must make fuel used be enough to abundant preheating it, To reach rapidly this temperature. Curve B represents a kind of too slow heating mode. Sintering required 1000 ℃ temperature under this condition, need just can reach for a long time, obviously above 20 minutes. This Outer 4 decarburizations are excessive under the part, can not obtain enough good layers of air-tightness. In the curve C, it is fast to heat up Speed still maximum temperature is lower than 1000 ℃. As a result, can not make equally in this case a layer 4a sintering.
Embodiment
Provide a kind of the ingredients of a mixture example that constitutes sinter layer of the present invention below, and the physical property of this layer before sintering and oxidation.Composition: weight % tabular alumina (Al
2O
3) 66 forge oxygenerating aluminium (Al
2O
3) 21 graphite (C), 2 binding agents, 6 metallic silicons, 3 potter's clay, 1 fumed silica 1
100 physical propertys: room temperature rupture modulus 10.40Mpa density 2.913 porositys (%) 16.190 proportion (g/cm
3) 3.475 elastic modelling quantity 23.02Gpa heating rupture modulus 4.34Mpa
Claims (16)
1. notes stopper rod, it comprises the shaft (2) that an end made from the carbon containing heat proof material is bar point (5), it is characterized in that, it comprises a skin (4) that partly or wholly coats bar point (5), and described skin (4) can form an air-locked dense sintering oxide layer (4a) when being heated to more than 1000 ℃.
2. according to the notes stopper rod of claim 1, it is characterized in that this skin (4) is made of the heat proof material that contains the sintering precursor.
3. according to the notes stopper rod of claim 2, it is characterized in that this sintering precursor is selected from calcined alumina, active calcined alumina, fumed, potter's clay, oxide fine particle (＜50 microns).
4. according to any one notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, this skin (4) by contain at least 4%, the heat proof material of at the most 9% wt carbon makes, wherein 1.5-6% is a graphite.
5. according to any one notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that outer (4) by separate the inserts formation made from shaft (2), and then combine with shaft.
6. according to any one notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that this skin (4) is for making with shaft (2) co-extrusion pressure of annotating stopper rod.
7. according to any one notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, material that constitutes the shaft (2) of annotating stopper rod and the material that constitutes outer (4) are used with a kind of binding agent.
8. according to any one notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, contain the reagent that reduces gas permeability in the material of outer (4).
9. the notes stopper rod in according to Claim 8 is characterized in that the reagent of described reduction gas permeability is selected from silicon, borax, carborundum, boron carbide, boron nitride and metallic addition.
10. according to each notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that this skin (4) contains at least 80% aluminium oxide.
11., it is characterized in that this skin (4) thickness is less than 10 millimeters according to each notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3.
12., it is characterized in that this air-locked dense sintering skin (4a) thickness is less than 5 millimeters according to each notes stopper rod in the claim 1 to 3.
13. the surface of each described notes stopper rod in claim 1 to 3 forms the method for a kind of air-locked dense sintering layer (4a, 10a), it is characterized in that, makes described notes stopper rod in heat-treating more than 1000 ℃ or 100 ℃.
14. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, this heat treatment step is heated to 1000 ℃ and realized in 20 minutes at the most by annotating stopper rod.
15. the method according to claim 13 is characterized in that, this heat treatment step is to finish in the process of the warm-up operation of annotating stopper rod.
16. the method according to claim 14 is characterized in that, described heat treatment step is to finish in the process of the warm-up operation of annotating stopper rod.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR9414337A FR2727340B1 (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1994-11-28 | COWL WITH AN EXTERNAL LAYER CAPABLE OF FORMING A GAS WATERPROOF LAYER |
| FR94/14337 | 1994-11-28 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1167453A CN1167453A (en) | 1997-12-10 |
| CN1069246C true CN1069246C (en) | 2001-08-08 |
Family
ID=9469294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN95196505A Expired - Fee Related CN1069246C (en) | 1994-11-28 | 1995-11-27 | Stopper rod with an outer layer for forming a gas-tight layer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH10510474A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1069246C (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2206792A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2727340B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1996016758A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100398234C (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-07-02 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院 | Integral column of sagger in composite structure |
Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6475426B1 (en) * | 2001-03-27 | 2002-11-05 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Resin-bonded liner |
| WO2006029905A2 (en) * | 2004-09-16 | 2006-03-23 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Process for making a refractory article, refractory article and pressing device |
| CN101774015A (en) * | 2010-03-23 | 2010-07-14 | 华耐国际（宜兴）高级陶瓷有限公司 | Composite rod head structure plugging rod |
| CN108907169B (en) * | 2018-07-06 | 2020-09-11 | 苏州宝明高温陶瓷有限公司 | Stopper rod capable of preventing rod head from cracking and forming method thereof |
| JP2022189169A (en) * | 2021-06-10 | 2022-12-22 | 黒崎播磨株式会社 | Stopper for continuous casting |
| CN117206510B (en) * | 2023-09-12 | 2024-06-14 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院有限公司 | Method for preventing integral stopper rod from nodulation |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3464598A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1969-09-02 | Globe Refractories Inc | Ladle valve |
| EP0487924A2 (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-06-03 | Didier-Werke Ag | Process for manufacturing ceramic mouldings and/or profile members |
| FR2699841A1 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-01 | Vesuvius France Sa | Flow control cap for vessel contg. molten metal |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB2095612B (en) * | 1981-04-01 | 1985-02-06 | Thornton James Menzies | A stopper for a foundry mould |
| US5185300A (en) * | 1991-03-11 | 1993-02-09 | Vesuvius Crucible Company | Erosion, thermal shock and oxidation resistant refractory compositions |
| FR2721241B1 (en) * | 1994-06-15 | 1996-08-14 | Vesuvius France Sa | Casting nozzle comprising an internal jacket capable of forming a gas-impermeable layer and method of implementation. |
-
1994
- 1994-11-28 FR FR9414337A patent/FR2727340B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1995
- 1995-11-27 JP JP8518332A patent/JPH10510474A/en active Pending
- 1995-11-27 CA CA 2206792 patent/CA2206792A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-11-27 WO PCT/FR1995/001562 patent/WO1996016758A1/en active Application Filing
- 1995-11-27 CN CN95196505A patent/CN1069246C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3464598A (en) * | 1968-04-26 | 1969-09-02 | Globe Refractories Inc | Ladle valve |
| EP0487924A2 (en) * | 1990-11-29 | 1992-06-03 | Didier-Werke Ag | Process for manufacturing ceramic mouldings and/or profile members |
| FR2699841A1 (en) * | 1992-12-28 | 1994-07-01 | Vesuvius France Sa | Flow control cap for vessel contg. molten metal |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100398234C (en) * | 2004-12-24 | 2008-07-02 | 中钢集团洛阳耐火材料研究院 | Integral column of sagger in composite structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1167453A (en) | 1997-12-10 |
| FR2727340B1 (en) | 1997-01-24 |
| WO1996016758A1 (en) | 1996-06-06 |
| CA2206792A1 (en) | 1996-06-06 |
| JPH10510474A (en) | 1998-10-13 |
| FR2727340A1 (en) | 1996-05-31 |
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