CN106920641B - A method of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling - Google Patents
A method of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 45
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/08—Cooling; Ventilating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2110/00—Control inputs relating to air properties
- F24F2110/10—Temperature
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
- G05D23/00—Control of temperature
- G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
- G05D23/20—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with sensing elements having variation of electric or magnetic properties with change of temperature
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, it is characterized in that, it is described using method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling be using air-duct-type air-conditioner freeze caused by 17 DEG C of cold airs via plenum chamber, guide duct is led to below dry-type transformer heat dissipation channel, then via substantially all dissipation after the outflow of inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel in closed transformer case, make the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature, be conducive to the bulk convection of dry-type transformer, radiation cooling, it is efficient to dry-type transformer to realize, clean air blast cooling cooling.Larger to capacity and load after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling and the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations coil temperature is accurately controlled using air-duct-type air-conditioner, it reduces electric energy loss, effectively extend dry-type transformer service life, under dry-type transformer full load conditions, dry-type transformer load capacity at least 30% can be improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling.
Background technique
In power supply system, dry-type transformer is because it is with the excellent spy such as the feature of environmental protection, fire-retardant, shock resistance, non-maintaining
Property, in skyscraper, commercial center, airport, chemical plant, nuclear power station, industrial and mining enterprises etc. to fire prevention, the higher field of requirement of explosion proof
Institute, is widely used.Because of the restriction of dry-type transformer manufacture craft, dry-type transformer be suitable for voltage 35kVA and with
Under, individual capacity 2500kVA and it is below become power distribution station.Currently, dry-type transformer mainstream cooling method has natural air circulation
Cooling and blower forced air circulation is two kinds cooling.The cooling dry type change for being only applicable to low capacity, Smaller load of natural air circulation
Depressor；Although blower forcing functions are suitable for capacity, the biggish dry-type transformer of load, blower forced air circulation is cold
But it is unable to satisfy that capacity, load be larger and the cooling requirement of the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations, and cooling blower is imitated
Rate is low, failure rate is higher be easy to cause transformer heat dissipation not in time, and temperature rise is too high, seriously affects the service life of dry-type transformer
With safe and reliable, economic operation.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve, above-mentioned fan of dry type transformer forced air circulation cooling is unable to satisfy capacity to the present invention and load is equal
The cooling requirement of the biggish dry-type transformer of larger and load variations, causes transformer heat dissipation not in time, temperature rise is too high, serious shadow
The problem of ringing the service life and safe and reliable, economical operation of dry-type transformer, one kind that the present invention provides dry-type transformer are new
Type cooling method.Dry type transformation is led to via plenum chamber, guide duct using 17 DEG C of cold airs caused by air-duct-type air-conditioner refrigeration
Below device heat dissipation channel, then via substantially all dissipation after the outflow of inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel in closed transformer case
It is interior, make the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature, is conducive to bulk convection, the radiation cooling of dry-type transformer, to realize dry type
Transformer is rapid, effective temperature-reducing extends dry-type transformer service life and improves the function of load capacity.
The technical scheme is that it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, it is special
Sign is, described to be using method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling: using caused by air-duct-type air-conditioner
Cold air via plenum chamber, guide duct from inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel outflow after it is substantially all dissipation in closed transformer
In cabinet, make the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature, be conducive to bulk convection, the radiation cooling of dry-type transformer, to realize dry
Formula transformer rapidly, the function of effective temperature-reducing.
It is described it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, which is characterized in that it is described to adopt
It is the generated 17 DEG C of cold airs that freezed using air-duct-type air-conditioner with method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling
It is led to below dry-type transformer heat dissipation channel via piping connection to plenum chamber by guide duct, is then dissipated via inside transformer
Substantially all dissipation is conducive in closed transformer case, making the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature after hot-flow flue outflow
The bulk convection of dry-type transformer, radiation cooling, to realize efficient to dry-type transformer coil, clean air blast cooling drop
Temperature, and the refrigeration start-up and shut-down control of air-duct-type air-conditioner is made of two sets of autonomous control systems: first is that air-duct-type air-conditioner carries thermometric control
The indoor environment NTC of system processed detects switchgear house or substation's room temperature, according to opening for the control air-duct-type air-conditioner that imposes a condition
Stop；Second is that dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system coil temperature transducer PT100 to dry-type transformer coil temperature into
Row detection controls intermediate relay according to imposing a condition, and it is empty to be switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit control wind pipe type
The start and stop of tune.
It is described it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, which is characterized in that the dress
The air-duct-type air-conditioner refrigeration start-stop control system and intermediate relay set are switched to dedicated with accurate multiturn potentiometer simulation air-conditioning
Temperature sensor circuit work:
(a) air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor be negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, abbreviation NTC, resistance value with temperature increase and
It reduces, reduces and increase with temperature, resistance value at 25 DEG C of nominal resistance is generally 10 K Ω -50K Ω；
(b) usually air-conditioner temperature setting range is -30 DEG C, and air-conditioning refrigeration when circumstance temperature is lower than 15 DEG C does not work, and circumstance temperature is high
It heats and does not work when 30 DEG C；
(c) normal Coil Detector temperature is 45 DEG C or so when dry-type transformer idle running, mainly the heat of iron core transmitting
Amount causes, and Coil Detector temperature cannot be directly used to the start and stop of control air-conditioning when dry-type transformer is run；
(d) Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer detects dry-type transformer coil temperature using PT100 temperature sensor, when
Temperature value be higher than set target value and return difference value and when, dry Transformer Temperature Controller device internal relay KA1 coil obtain it is electric its often
Contact KA1 closure is opened, switches intermediate relay KA6 work once electrified, is serially connected with two pairs of the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC
Normally-closed contact KA6-1, KA6-2 are disconnected, while being connected to two couples of normally opened contact KA6- in the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC
3, KA6-4 is closed, and air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal is switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit, and starting of air conditioner starts
Refrigeration work；When dry-type transformer coil temperature, which is reduced to set target value, subtracts the temperature value of return difference value, dry-type transformer
Temperature controller internal relay KA1 coil losing electricity its normally opened contact KA1 is disconnected by being closed into, and intermediate relay KA6 power loss is serially connected with
Two couples of normally-closed contacts KA6-1, KA6-2 in the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC reply closed state, while being connected to air-conditioning
Two couples of normally opened contacts KA6-3, KA6-4 in the circuit dedicated temperature sensor NTC are disconnected by being closed into, air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal
It is returned to air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit, air-conditioning stops working；
(e) resistance value of accurate multiturn potentiometer R is adjusted to be slightly less than 26 DEG C of cooling activation temperature set by air-duct-type air-conditioner
When temperature sensor resistance value, wind pipe type is empty if being switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor by intermediate relay at this time
Displays temperature is adjusted to be slightly above 26 DEG C.The temperature value is set according to actual conditions.
It is described it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, which is characterized in that the wind
Selection, installation and the start and stop parameter setting of tube-type air conditioner are:
(a) according to the volume size of transformer room where cooling dry type transformer and the heat production of switchgear house or substation
Amount, selects the air-duct-type air-conditioner of appropriate refrigerating capacity；
(b) air duct type air conditioning indoor machine is installed near dry-type transformer nearby, and air supplying distance is more short-acting, and rate is higher, dry type
The cooling effect of transformer coil is better；
(c) air-duct-type air-conditioner air outlet installs plenum chamber, separates six guide ducts and passes to three groups of lines of dry-type transformer respectively
The position heat dissipation channel Xia Kou of circle；
(d) setting of air-duct-type air-conditioner start and stop parameter:
First is that the indoor circumstance temperature NTC that air-duct-type air-conditioner carries temp testing controlling system examines switchgear house or substation's room temperature
It surveys, under air-duct-type air-conditioner Automatic-cooling state, setting air-duct-type air-conditioner cooling activation temperature is 26 DEG C of temperature values according to reality
The setting of border situation；
Second is that dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system, under air-duct-type air-conditioner Automatic-cooling state, simulation air-conditioning is dedicated
Temperature when the resistance value size of accurate multiturn potentiometer R in temperature sensor circuit is adjusted to be slightly less than 26 DEG C of air-duct-type air-conditioner temperature
The resistance value for spending sensor, concurrently setting dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system start and stop target value is 50 DEG C, and start and stop target is returned
Difference is 5 DEG C, cooling activation when dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system detection temperature reaches 55 DEG C at this time, coil temperature drop
Refrigeration stops when to 45 DEG C.
It is of the invention it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the purposes of the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, feature exists
In, it is described using purposes of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling be by become, dry type in switchgear house
The accurate control of transformer actuating coil temperature cools down, thus reduce electric energy loss, effectively extend dry-type transformer service life,
Suitable for voltage 35kV and hereinafter, the radiating and cooling of individual capacity 2500kVA and following dry-type transformer and improve load capacity,
Dry-type transformer quantity is rationally reduced in the case where safe and reliable, to save dry-type transformer basic charge as per installed capacity expenditure.
Beneficial effect is the present invention compared with prior art:
It is of the invention it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, solve dry-type transformer
Conventional blower is cooling to be unable to satisfy that capacity and load be larger and the cooling requirement of the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations, causes
Dry-type transformer radiates not in time, and temperature rise is too high, seriously affects the service life and safe and reliable, economic fortune of dry-type transformer
Capable problem.Using air-duct-type air-conditioner to being obtained after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling to the coil temperature of dry-type transformer
It is accurately controlled, reduces electric energy loss, effectively extends dry-type transformer service life, in dry-type transformer full load conditions
Under, dry-type transformer load capacity at least 30% can be improved.
Detailed description of the invention:
Scheming l is a kind of system structure diagram using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling.
Fig. 2 is dry-type transformer three-phase coil structural schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is that six guide ducts pass to mouth structure schematic diagram under three groups of coil heat dissipation channels respectively；
Fig. 4 is guide duct 1,2 arrangement architecture schematic diagrames.
Fig. 5 is Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer peripheral circuit wiring diagram.
Fig. 6 is intermediate relay switching simulation air-duct-type air-conditioner temperature sensor circuit.
Fig. 7 is the heating power curve graph under SCB10-1600/10 dry-type transformer different loads.
Wherein: 1 air-duct-type air-conditioner, 2 air duct type air conditioning indoor machines, 3 plenum chambers, temp measuring system, 5 are set in 4 included wind pipe types
Determine air-duct-type air-conditioner cooling activation condition, 6 meet air-duct-type air-conditioner cooling activation condition, it is 7 air-duct-type air-conditioner cooling activations, 8 dry
Formula transformer temperature controller, 9 setting dry Transformer Temperature Controller switch start and stop target values and start and stop target return difference, 10 meet temperature control
Switch entry condition, the movement of 11 intermediate relays, 12 transformer coils, 13 PT100 thermal resistances, 14-19 guide duct, 20 dry types
Transformer heat dissipation channel, 21 dry-type transformer iron cores.
Specific embodiment:
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, present invention is further described in detail:
Referring to shown in attached drawing 1-7, it is of the invention it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling,
It is characterized in that, described be using method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling: being produced using air-duct-type air-conditioner
17 DEG C of raw cold airs pass through via plenum chamber, guide duct from dry-type transformer heat dissipation channel, to realize that dry-type transformer is fast
Speed, effective temperature-reducing extend dry-type transformer service life and improve the function of load capacity.
It is described it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, which is characterized in that it is described to adopt
It is the generated 17 DEG C of cold airs that freezed using air-duct-type air-conditioner with method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling
20 lower section of dry-type transformer heat dissipation channel is led to via plenum chamber, guide duct, is then flowed out via inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel
, in transformer case, making the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature, the entirety for being conducive to dry-type transformer is right for substantially all dissipation
Stream, radiation cooling, thus realize that efficient, the clean air blast cooling to dry-type transformer cools down, and the refrigeration of air-duct-type air-conditioner
Starting control is controlled by two sets of autonomous control systems: first is that air-duct-type air-conditioner carries NTC pairs of indoor circumstance temperature of temp testing controlling system
Switchgear house or the detection of substation's room temperature, according to the start and stop for the control air-duct-type air-conditioner that imposes a condition；Second is that dry-type transformer coil
Temp testing controlling system coil temperature transducer PT100 detects dry-type transformer coil temperature, controls according to imposing a condition
Intermediate relay is switched to the start and stop of simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit control air-duct-type air-conditioner, sees relay among Fig. 6
Device wind pipe type temperature control circuit.
It is described it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, which is characterized in that the dress
The intermediate relay switching simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit work set is:
(a) air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor be negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, abbreviation NTC, resistance value with temperature increase and
It reduces, reduces and increase with temperature, resistance value at 25 DEG C of nominal resistance is generally 10 K Ω -50K Ω；
(b) air-conditioner temperature setting range is -30 DEG C, and air-conditioning refrigeration when circumstance temperature is lower than 15 DEG C does not work, and circumstance temperature is higher than 30
DEG C when heating do not work；
(c) normal coil temperature is 45 DEG C or so when dry-type transformer idle running, and the heat of mainly iron core transmitting draws
It rises, the temperature of Coil Detector cannot be directly used to the start and stop of control air-conditioning when dry-type transformer is run；
(d) Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer detects dry-type transformer coil temperature using PT100 temperature sensor, when
Temperature value be higher than set target value and return difference value and when, dry Transformer Temperature Controller device internal relay KA1 coil obtain it is electric its often
Contact KA1 closure is opened, switches intermediate relay KA6 work once electrified, is serially connected with two pairs of the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC
Normally-closed contact KA6-1, KA6-2 are disconnected, while being connected to two couples of normally opened contact KA6- in the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC
3, KA6-4 is closed, and air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal is switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit, and starting of air conditioner starts
Refrigeration work；When dry-type transformer coil temperature, which is reduced to set target value, subtracts the temperature value of return difference value, dry-type transformer
Temperature controller internal relay KA1 coil losing electricity its normally opened contact KA1 is disconnected by being closed into, and intermediate relay KA6 power loss is serially connected with
Two couples of normally-closed contacts KA6-1, KA6-2 in the circuit air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor NTC reply closed state, while being connected to air-conditioning
Two couples of normally opened contacts KA6-3, KA6-4 in the circuit dedicated temperature sensor NTC are disconnected by being closed into, air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal
It is returned to air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit, air-conditioning stops working；
(e) resistance value of accurate multiturn potentiometer R is adjusted to be slightly less than 26 DEG C of cooling activation temperature set by air-duct-type air-conditioner
When temperature sensor resistance value, wind pipe type is empty if being switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor by intermediate relay at this time
Displays temperature is adjusted to be slightly above 26 DEG C.The temperature value is set according to actual conditions.
It is of the invention it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the purposes of the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, feature exists
In, it is described using purposes of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling be by become, dry type in switchgear house
The accurate control of transformer actuating coil cools down, and is suitable to reduce electric energy loss, effectively extend dry-type transformer service life
For voltage 35kV and hereinafter, individual capacity 2500kVA and it is below become power distribution station dry-type transformer cooling control, thus
It reduces electric energy loss, effectively extend dry-type transformer service life, under dry-type transformer full load conditions, while improving dry type change
The load capacity of depressor at least 30%, rationally reduces dry-type transformer quantity in the case where safe and reliable, to save dry type
Transformer basic charge as per installed capacity expenditure.
The present invention is unexpected good to achieving after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling using air-duct-type air-conditioner
Effect:
1, the present invention is using air-duct-type air-conditioner to larger to capacity and load after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling
And the coil temperature of the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations is accurately controlled, and can effectively be prolonged the service life.
The design nominal load rate of dry-type transformer is usually 80%, i.e., dry-type transformer is its capacity in institute's bringing onto load
When 80%, transformer can reach its design in the case where natural air circulation is cooling with long-term economic, reliable and stable operation
The service life time limit.The material of manufacture dry-type transformer has metal material and insulating materials two major classes.Metal material is generally resistant to
Higher temperature is without damaging, but insulating materials is for a long time under electric field and high temperature action, gradually loses original mechanical performance and absolutely
Edge performance and aging, or even can aged deterioration quickly after temperature is more than certain certain value.It is raw according to epoxy resin dry type transformer
It produces producer's offer technical data to show, by insulating materials epoxy between each circle coil of epoxy resin dry type transformer winding
Resin filling, therefore, the aging speed of epoxy resin dry type transformer depend primarily on the aging speed of insulating materials epoxy resin
Degree, so, in a sense it may be said that the service life of transformer is exactly the service life of insulating materials.Due to insulating materials epoxy resin
Aging speed depend on insulating materials epoxy resin operating temperature, so dry-type transformer user removes mention in use
Only extend the service life of dry-type transformer by taking effective cooling measure except High Power Factor, make its economy effect
Benefit maximizes.
In design and manufacture, dry-type transformer allows temperature rise to be to measure an important indicator of dry-type transformer performance, state
The temperature limit of family's standard " dry-type transformer " GB6450-1986 dry-type transformer is made that regulation, transformation according to temperature classification
The permission temperature rise of device can be divided into six grades of A, E, B, F, H, C, and each grade allows temperature rise standard as shown in the table:
Each grade of dry-type transformer allows temperature rise standard
| The class of insulation | A | E | B | F | H | C |
| Maximum permissible temperature (DEG C) | 105 | 120 | 130 | 155 | 180 | 220 |
| Winding temperature rise limit value (K) | 60 | 75 | 80 | 100 | 125 | 150 |
| Performance reference temperature (DEG C) | 80 | 95 | 100 | 120 | 145 | 170 |
The domestic mainstream class of insulation using dry-type transformer is F grades and H grades at present.
For epoxy resin structural, in practice it has proved that all follow Arrhenius (Arrhenius) law (also referred to as hot longevity
Order equation LOG (t)=a+b* (1/T)), i.e., famous " time temperature equivalence " principle is exactly: to specific macromolecule material in brief
Material or structure, there are linear relationships for the inverse for the absolute temperature that the logarithm and material of life time t is born.So material is born
Half differential temperature degree HIC of temperature every decline (or rising) service life, service life accordingly extend one times of (or shortening).Different materials is by identical
Diagnostic factro or the half differential temperature degree HIC that is obtained by different diagnostic factros of identical material it is different,.Thus, it is possible to utilize epoxy
The data that resin high temperature accelerated ageing process obtains are come
Practice and studies have shown that if winding can continuously maintain 95 DEG C of temperature, it is ensured that transformer made with 20 years
Use the service life.According to the relationship of temperature and service life, so-called 8 DEG C of rule can be also drawn: based on the service life at above-mentioned temperature,
Winding temperature is every to increase 8 DEG C, and the service life of transformer just shortens 1/2.
According to 10 degree of rules of thermal life of epoxy resin insulation material system, thus it is speculated that, assessment epoxy resin dry type transformer
For insulated working temperature at 95 DEG C, epoxy resin dry type transformer normal service life is asphalt mixtures modified by epoxy resin under conditions of 20 years
Life situations of the rouge dry-type transformer in cold operation, epoxy resin dry type transformer insulated working temperature take 90 DEG C, stay 5 DEG C
Surplus:
For transformer insulated operating temperature at 95 DEG C, transformer service life is 20 years；
For transformer insulated operating temperature at 80 DEG C, transformer service life is 40 years；
For transformer insulated operating temperature at 70 DEG C, transformer service life is 80 years；
For transformer insulated operating temperature at 60 DEG C, transformer service life is 160 years.
In practical applications, discrete due to the structure type of dry-type transformer itself, loss level, material and processing
Property, the distribution of electric field and power, some unpredictable factors of electrodynamic effect and strong and weak, running environment etc., so dry
The actual life of formula transformer is influenced by many factors, and the above transformer insulated operating temperature is at 60 DEG C, transformer
Service life is that 160 years calculated values are only for reference, using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling,
It realizes larger to capacity and load and the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations coil temperature and is accurately controlled in ideal temperature
It spends under 45-55 DEG C of state, the actual life of dry-type transformer is calculated by 160 years 25-40%, assessed, and there are enough peaces
Full nargin, it should be reasonable, safe and reliable.
By using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, realize larger to capacity and load
And the coil temperature of the biggish dry-type transformer of load variations is accurately controlled under 45-55 DEG C of state of ideal temperature, makes to influence dry
The principal element " temperature " of formula transformer service life becomes secondary cause, according to the 10 of epoxy resin insulation material system degree of methods
Then, thus it is speculated that, assessment transformer service life up to 40-64, thus extend to greatest extent dry-type transformer use the longevity
Life.
2, energy is carried to dry-type transformer band is effectively improved after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling using air-duct-type air-conditioner
Power at least 30%.
GB/T1094.12-2013 " dry-type power transformer load directive/guide " is to dry-type power in the case of natural air circulation
The various situations of the load capacity of transformer are calculated, and standard indicates that dry-type power transformer is being no more than insulation heat always
The principle how run under the allowable value of change.It points out " to work as transformer in GB/T1094.11-2007 " dry-type transformer " 10.2
It is designed to reach certain capacity when natural air circulation, and simultaneously up to bigger working capacity when using forced air circulation
When, then its code name is AN/AF ", is thus illustrated, by being feasible to dry-type power transformer cooling enhancing load capacity.And
The permissible value of insulating thermal aging be by dry-type power transformer on the basis of specified service condition and ambient temperature at a temperature of
It is determined when insulation generation cause thermal damage during operation.And the design of dry-type power transformer is also to advise according to relevant national standard
Fixed design.Since the insulating thermal aging of dry-type transformer depends on the raising of transformer coil temperature, transformer coil temperature
The increase for depending on electric current is increased, and the increase of electric current depends on the increase of load, therefore, improves dry-type transformer load capacity
Fundamental way have in addition to increase power factor and only radiate in time to dry-type transformer coil, reduce temperature, safety, warp
The load capacity of dry-type transformer is improved under the premise of Ji.
Estimated using air-duct-type air-conditioner to improving dry-type transformer load capacity after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling
It calculates:
(1) model and relevant parameter of air-duct-type air-conditioner
Haier KFR-260EW/H730A type 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner, refrigerating capacity 26000W, refrigeration input 10kW power are fitted
With area 110-160 ㎡.
(2) epoxy resin dry type transformer producer provides SCB10-1600/10 type epoxy resin dry type transformer in difference
Heating power curve graph under load is shown in the load factor and fever of Fig. 7 and SCB10-1600/10 type epoxy resin dry type transformer
Approximate function formula between power:
P=12000 × (η -10%)+3600
Wherein P is heating power of the dry-type transformer when load factor is η, and unit is joule/second (J/s)
η is the load factor of dry-type transformer
(3) because of erg-ten=1 watt-second, then 1 watt=erg-ten/second, i.e. 1W=1J/s
So 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner refrigerating capacity is the J/s of 26000W=26000
Assuming that the effective rate of utilization of 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner refrigerating capacity is 50%, then the 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner unit time is (every
Second) in replaceable heat be 26000 J × 50%=13000 J
Assume that epoxy resin dry type transformer load factor is 130% simultaneously, passes through at this time
The J/s of P=18000, i.e. calorific value in the unit time (per second) at this time are 18000 J
From assumed above: when epoxy resin dry type transformer load factor be 130%, while 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner freeze
Work and when its effective rate of utilization is 50%, heat that dry-type transformer is not replaced away are as follows: the J of 18000 J -13000=
5000 J
Pass through the function between the load factor and heating power of SCB10-1600/10 type epoxy resin dry type transformer at this time
Relational expression P=12000 × (η -10%)+3600 can calculate the heat not being replaced away in the air-duct-type air-conditioner unit time (per second)
It measures 5000 J and is equivalent to the calorific value that epoxy resin dry type transformer load factor is 21.7%.
Dry-type transformer is mounted in transformer case under normal circumstances, is in closed state (GB1094.11-2007
3.4 closing dry-type transformers, which refer to, to be placed in the shell of ventilation, carries out cooling transformer by outside air circulation), therefore
The cold air that air-duct-type air-conditioner refrigeration generates is flowed out via inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel, and substantially all dissipation is in transformer
In cabinet, makes the reduction of transformer operating ambient temperature, be more advantageous to the bulk convection and radiation cooling of dry-type transformer.
By analyzing, calculating above it is found that installing guide duct additional to dry by using a kind of use air-duct-type air-conditioner of the invention
The method of formula transformer cooling, when air blast cooling, make the coil temperature of dry-type transformer be accurately controlled in ideal temperature (45-55
DEG C) under state, dry-type transformer using load capacity improve at least 30% be it is economical, efficiently, safety.
3, the present invention is significant to energy-saving effect after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, economical using air-duct-type air-conditioner imitates
Benefit is prominent.
(1) dry-type transformer cooling overall work temperature is effectively reduced, reduces load loss, energy-saving effect is significant.
The load loss of transformer operates therewith the raising of temperature and increases.Under same loading condition, running temperature is every
10 DEG C are raised and lowered, load loss increases or decreases about 3.93% for copper winding.This is because load loss and winding
Resistance is directly proportional, and the resistance of winding as the temperature rises or reduce and increase or decrease.
After operating temperature is effectively reduced with 1600kVA dry-type transformer below, in a life cycle 5 of air-duct-type air-conditioner
The reduction situation of load loss is calculated in year:
From transformer stochastic technique data: at 120 DEG C, its load loss of nominal load is on dry-type transformer band
12 kW select 100 DEG C when calculating；
After the method for the invention for using air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling, make the coil of dry-type transformer
Temperature, which is accurately controlled in ideal temperature (45-55 DEG C) range, selects 60 DEG C (when calculating)), dry-type transformer load loss can be extremely
It is few to reduce:
(100 DEG C -60 DEG C) × 3.93%/10 DEG C × 12kW=1.8864 kW
(the one of 24 hours that the air-conditioning work time can be time-consuming by itself in a life cycle 5 years of air-duct-type air-conditioner
Half calculates) electric energy saved of the reduction of load loss are as follows:
1.8864 kilowatts × 12 hour/day × 30 day/month × December/year × 5 year=40746.24 kilowatt hours
Can power cost saving expenditure: 40746.24 kilowatt hour × 0.67 yuan/kilowatt hour=27299.98 yuan
(2) dry-type transformer quantity is rationally reduced in the case where safe and reliable, so that it is substantially electric to save dry-type transformer
Take expenditure, economic benefit is prominent.
Case: the zinc-plated workshop of my company originally used the epoxy resin dry type transformer of two 1600kVA H class B insulations,
Its safe and reliable when institute's bringing onto load general power is 1600 × 2 × 80%=2560kW, all by the zinc-plated workshop of theoretical calculation
The general power of equipment be 2114.9kW, and becomes, distribution design personnel design when one side to consider that dry-type transformer is pacified for a long time
On the other hand full stable operation considers that there are certain surpluses, to meet the increased demand of later period load.From a design point of view,
The general power of all devices is 2114.9kW, and the dry-type transformer for being equipped with two 1600kVA is that there is no problem.But in reality
Border is come into operation simultaneously in use, loading not total power, is analyzed by statistics and data, is made while load under normal circumstances
It can only achieve 70% with rate.
Here, with regard to actual use situation calculated, compare it is as follows:
If (a) dry-type transformer of two 1600kVA puts into operation simultaneously at this time, the load factor of two dry-type transformers
Are as follows:
The ÷ of 2114.9kW × 70% (1600kVA × 2) × 100%=46.3%
In this case dry-type transformer utilization rate is extremely low, and energy waste is serious, uneconomical.
If the dry-type transformer (stopping transport one) for the 1600kVA that (b) puts into operation at this time, this dry-type transformer are born
Load rate are as follows:
2114.9kW×70%÷1600kVA×100%=92.5%
In this case dry-type transformer economy, efficiently is right although dry-type transformer coil temperature reaches as high as 95 DEG C
It is to belong to normal working temperature for the epoxy resin dry type transformer " 125 DEG C of winding average temperature rising limit value " of H class B insulation.
(c) using a kind of method to be cooled down using air-duct-type air-conditioner installation guide duct to dry-type transformer of the invention, by force
It is accurately controlled in the coil temperature of dry-type transformer under ideal temperature (45-55 DEG C) state, by dry-type transformer
It improves 30% using load capacity to calculate, at this time the theoretical duty rate of this dry-type transformer are as follows:
The ÷ of 2114.9kW × 70% [1600kVA × (100%+30%)] × 100%=71.2%
In this case the utilization of dry-type transformer is economical, efficient, safe.
(3) for the present invention using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, when air blast cooling, becomes dry type
The coil temperature of depressor is accurately controlled in the analysis of the overall economic efficiency under 45-55 DEG C of state of ideal temperature:
(a) install 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner one-time investment expense: about 20000 yuan, air-duct-type air-conditioner service life is pressed 5 years
It calculates；
The fixed cost disbursement of air-duct-type air-conditioner every year on average are as follows:
20000 yuan of 5 years=4000 yuan/year of ÷.
(b) Haier KFR-260EW/H730A 10P wind pipe type air-duct-type air-conditioner relevant parameter: refrigerating capacity 26000W；Refrigeration
Rated power 10kW;
(c) 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner works 24 hours daily by the maximal work time and calculates, every 0.67 yuan of degree electricity price average
10P air-duct-type air-conditioner basic operation power charge every year are as follows:
10 kilowatts × 24 hour/day × 30 day/month × 0.67 yuan/kilowatt hour × December/year=57888 yuan/year
(d) unloaded power consumption and electricity charge calculating (can by transformer technology data every year for a 1600kVA dry-type transformer
Know: 3 kW of dry-type transformer no-load loss, transformer load loss will be increased to 12 kW after taking load):
3 kilowatts × 24 hour/day × 30 day/month × December/year=25920 kilowatt hours/year
The unloaded power consumption electricity charge every year of one 1600kVA dry-type transformer are as follows:
25920 kilowatt hour × 0.67 yuan/kilowatt hour=17366.4 yuan
(e) the annual fixation electricity charge of 1600kVA dry-type transformer are as follows:
1600 kVA × 19 yuan/kVA December the month/year=364800 yuan/year;
(f) using air-duct-type air-conditioner to a Life Cycle after the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling in air-duct-type air-conditioner
Load loss power cost saving is paid in 5 years phases: 27299.98 yuan
It therefore, every year at least can power cost saving after deactivating a transformer and a 10P air-duct-type air-conditioner being installed:
364800-4000 yuan/years-57888 yuan/years of+17366.4 yuan/years of yuan/year
=320278.4 yuan/year
Fund can be saved in the life cycle of an air-duct-type air-conditioner:
320278.4+27299.98 yuan of yuan/year × 5 year=1628691.98 yuan
It is shown by above data, the present invention is using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method deutomerite efficiency of dry-type transformer forced cooling
Fruit is significant, and economic benefit is prominent.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to this, it is any ripe
Know those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present disclosure, the letter for the technical solution that can be become apparent to
Altered or equivalence replacement are fallen within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, it is described that dry type is become using air-duct-type air-conditioner
The method of depressor forced cooling is: being dissipated via guide duct from dry-type transformer using 17 DEG C of cold airs caused by air-duct-type air-conditioner
The passage of heat passes through, which is characterized in that described using method of the air-duct-type air-conditioner to dry-type transformer forced cooling is using air hose
17 DEG C of cold airs caused by formula air conditioner refrigerating lead to dry-type transformer heat dissipation by guide duct via piping connection to plenum chamber
Below channel, then make to become in closed transformer case via substantially all dissipation after the outflow of inside transformer heat dissipation wind channel
Depressor operating ambient temperature reduces, and is conducive to bulk convection, the radiation cooling of dry-type transformer, the refrigeration of the air-duct-type air-conditioner
Starting control is controlled by two sets of autonomous control systems: first is that air-duct-type air-conditioner carries the indoor environment temperature of temp testing controlling system
NTC detects switchgear house or substation's room temperature, according to the start and stop for the control air-duct-type air-conditioner that imposes a condition；Second is that dry-type transformer
Coil temp testing controlling system coil temperature transducer PT100 detects dry-type transformer coil temperature, according to setting condition
Intermediate relay is controlled, the start and stop of simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit control air-duct-type air-conditioner are switched to；
The intermediate relay, which is switched to, has accurate multiturn potentiometer simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit work as follows:
(a) air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor is negative tempperature coefficient thermistor, and resistance value is increased with temperature and reduced, with temperature
It reduces and increases, resistance value at 25 DEG C of nominal resistance is 10 K Ω -50K Ω；
(b) air-conditioning refrigeration when environment temperature is lower than 15 DEG C does not work, and heating does not work when environment temperature is higher than 30 DEG C；
(c) normal coil temperature is 45 DEG C when dry-type transformer idle running, the temperature of Coil Detector when dry-type transformer is run
It cannot be directly used to the start and stop of control air-conditioning；
(d) Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer detects dry-type transformer coil temperature using PT100 temperature sensor, works as temperature
Value be higher than set target value and return difference value and when, Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer internal relay KA1 coil obtain it is electric its often
Contact closure is opened, switches intermediate relay KA6 work once electrified, is serially connected with two pairs of normally closed touchings in air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit
Point KA6-1, KA6-2 are disconnected, while two couples of normally opened contacts KA6-3, KA6-4 being connected to air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit are closed
It closes, air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal is switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor circuit, and starting of air conditioner starts refrigeration work；
When dry-type transformer coil temperature, which is reduced to set target value, subtracts the temperature value of return difference value, Temperature Controller for Dry-Type Transformer
Its normally opened contact of internal relay KA1 coil losing electricity is disconnected by being closed into, and it is dedicated to be serially connected with air-conditioning for intermediate relay KA6 power loss
Two couples of normally-closed contacts KA6-1, KA6-2 in temperature sensor circuit restore closed state, while being connected to the dedicated temperature of air-conditioning and passing
Two couples of normally opened contacts KA6-3, KA6-4 in sensor circuit are disconnected by being closed into, and it is special that air-duct-type air-conditioner enabling signal is restored to air-conditioning
With temperature sensor circuit, air-conditioning stops working；
(e) the temperature when resistance value of accurate multiturn potentiometer is adjusted to be slightly less than 26 DEG C of cooling activation temperature set by air-duct-type air-conditioner
The resistance value of sensor, air-duct-type air-conditioner is shown if being switched to simulation air-conditioning dedicated temperature sensor by intermediate relay at this time
Temperature is slightly above 26 DEG C.
2. it is according to claim 1 it is a kind of using air-duct-type air-conditioner to the method for dry-type transformer forced cooling, feature
It is, selection, installation and the start and stop parameter setting of the air-duct-type air-conditioner are:
(a) according to the volume size and switchgear house or the quantity of heat production of substation to transformer room where cooling dry type transformer, choosing
Select the air-duct-type air-conditioner of appropriate refrigerating capacity；
(b) air duct type air conditioning indoor machine is installed near dry-type transformer nearby；
(c) air-duct-type air-conditioner air outlet installation plenum chamber (3), separates six guide ducts (14,15,16,17,18,19) and leads to respectively
To heat dissipation channel (20) position Xia Kou of three groups of coils (A phase, B phase, C phase) of dry-type transformer；
(d) setting of air-duct-type air-conditioner start and stop parameter:
First is that the indoor environment temperature NTC that air-duct-type air-conditioner carries temp testing controlling system examines switchgear house or substation's room temperature
It surveys, under air-duct-type air-conditioner Automatic-cooling state, sets air-duct-type air-conditioner cooling activation temperature as 26 DEG C, the temperature value is according to reality
The setting of border situation；
Second is that dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system under air-duct-type air-conditioner Automatic-cooling state, simulates the dedicated temperature of air-conditioning
Temperature passes when the resistance value size of accurate multiturn potentiometer in sensor circuit is adjusted to be slightly less than 26 DEG C of air-duct-type air-conditioner temperature
The resistance value of sensor, concurrently setting dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system start and stop target value is 50 DEG C, start and stop target return difference value
It is 5 DEG C, cooling activation when dry-type transformer coil temp testing controlling system detection temperature reaches 55 DEG C at this time, coil temperature is down to 45
DEG C when refrigeration stop.
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| CN113571294A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-10-29 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Control method and system for cooling dry-type transformer and computer equipment |
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