CN106920236A - A kind of pore structure acquisition methods and device - Google Patents
A kind of pore structure acquisition methods and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106920236A CN106920236A CN201710130007.9A CN201710130007A CN106920236A CN 106920236 A CN106920236 A CN 106920236A CN 201710130007 A CN201710130007 A CN 201710130007A CN 106920236 A CN106920236 A CN 106920236A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T17/00—Three dimensional [3D] modelling, e.g. data description of 3D objects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2200/00—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general
- G06T2200/08—Indexing scheme for image data processing or generation, in general involving all processing steps from image acquisition to 3D model generation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T2207/00—Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
- G06T2207/10—Image acquisition modality
- G06T2207/10072—Tomographic images
- G06T2207/10081—Computed x-ray tomography [CT]
Abstract
A kind of pore structure acquisition methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device, belong to geological prospecting and technical field of physical geography.Methods described includes：Rock sample is standardized；The standardized rock sample is put into CT scanner carries out X-ray scanning, to obtain view data；Described image data to obtaining carry out image segmentation, obtain the hole data of the rock sample；According to the hole data, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out, obtain pore structure.The 3 D stereo distribution characteristics of rock sample, porosity and pore structure etc. can be characterized using the method, the structural development feature inside rock sample can be clearly shown, the defect of the limitation and research method of early stage pore structure characterizing method not system is compensate for.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to geological prospecting and technical field of physical geography, in particular to a kind of pore structure acquisition side
Method and device.
Background technology
Shale gas are a kind of main to adsorb the unconventional petroleum resources being present in free state in shale hole therefore right
The accurate characterization of shale hole plays an important roll for determining the resource potential of shale gas.Though but at present for shale hole
So have a substantial amounts of characterizing method, but its focus primarily upon how the determination to shale gas porosity, and for the inside of shale
Structural development feature does not have the corresponding development characteristics and three-dimensional knot for obtaining or characterizing method, cannot just observing rock interior yet
Structure.This also result in enterprise or research worker to shale gas, or the research of other rock textures is difficult.Cannot accurately obtain
The pore structure of rock interior is got, the dependence between shale gas and blowhole cannot be just recognized, and limits research
Progress.
The content of the invention
In view of this, the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention is to provide a kind of pore structure acquisition methods and device, to solve
Drawbacks described above.
What embodiments of the invention were realized in：
A kind of pore structure acquisition methods, including：Rock sample is standardized；The standardized rock sample is put into
X-ray scanning is carried out in CT scanner, to obtain view data；Described image data to obtaining carry out image segmentation, obtain
The hole data of the rock sample；According to the hole data, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out, obtain pore structure.
Preferably, the described described image data to acquisition carry out image segmentation, obtain the hole of the rock sample
The step of data, including：Gradation data, the gray scale of zonule of the pixel of described image data are obtained according to described image data
Data and gray variance；Gradation data, the gradation data of the zonule and the gray variance according to the pixel, obtain
The hole data of rock sample.
Preferably, the parameter of the hole data includes：Pore appearance, pore size and connectedness.
Preferably, it is described to include the standardized step of rock sample：The rock sample is prepared as cylinder, and
The both sides bottom surface that the rock sample of cylinder will be prepared as polishes flat, and obtains standardized rock sample.
Preferably, a diameter of 2.5cm of the rock sample for being prepared as cylinder, length is 5cm.
Preferably, described image data are the view data of resolution ratio 100nm.
A kind of pore structure acquisition device, including：Standardized module, for rock sample to be standardized；View data is obtained
Modulus block, carries out X-ray scanning, to obtain view data for the standardized rock sample to be put into CT scanner；
Image segmentation module, for carrying out image segmentation to the described image data for obtaining, obtains the hole data of rock sample；It is three-dimensional
Module is rebuild, for according to the hole data, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction, pore structure is obtained.
Preferably, described image segmentation module includes：Gradation data acquisition submodule, for being obtained according to described image data
Obtain the gradation data of pixel, the gradation data of zonule and the gray variance of described image data；Hole data acquisition submodule,
For the gradation data according to the pixel, the gradation data of the zonule and the gray variance, rock sample is obtained
Hole data.
Preferably, the standardized module includes：Normalizer module, for the rock sample to be prepared as into cylinder
Body, and the both sides bottom surface of the rock sample of cylinder will be prepared as polish flat, obtain standardized rock sample.
Preferably, the CT scanner is micron CT scanner.
A kind of pore structure acquisition methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device, will want to characterize pore structure spy first
The rock sample levied is standardized, it is ensured that follow-up scanning can obtain more accurate result, it is ensured that the rule of result
Model.Rock sample after standardization is put into CT scanner to carry out X-ray and is scanned, to obtain view data.Again will
View data carries out image segmentation, obtains the hole data of the rock sample, and each of which class hole data can generation
A class formation feature in table rock sample, different architectural features can be told with this.Finally according to the hole data
The three-dimensional reconstruction of rock sample inside development structure is carried out, and obtains the pore structure inside clearly rock sample, can with this
Observed or studied with the development characteristics of the pore structure to the rock interior obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction, compensate for early stage hole
The defect of the limitation and research method of gap structure characterizing method not system.
To enable the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention to become apparent, preferred embodiment cited below particularly, and coordinate
Appended accompanying drawing, is described in detail below.
Brief description of the drawings
Technical scheme in order to illustrate more clearly the embodiments of the present invention, below will be attached to what is used needed for embodiment
Figure is briefly described, it will be appreciated that the following drawings illustrate only certain embodiments of the present invention, thus be not construed as it is right
The restriction of scope, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to this
A little accompanying drawings obtain other related accompanying drawings.
The block diagram of the pore structure acquisition equipment that Fig. 1 is provided for present pre-ferred embodiments；
The flow chart of the pore structure acquisition methods that Fig. 2 is provided for present pre-ferred embodiments；
The step of pore structure acquisition methods that Fig. 3 is provided for present pre-ferred embodiments S110 flow chart；
The step of pore structure acquisition methods that Fig. 4 is provided for present pre-ferred embodiments S130 flow chart；
Fig. 5 be pore structure acquisition device of the present invention high-level schematic functional block diagram.
Icon：10- pore structures obtain equipment；100- pore structure acquisition device；101- memories；102- storage controls
Device；103- processors；104- Peripheral Interfaces；105- input-output units；106- display units；110- standardized modules；120-
Image data acquisition module；130- image segmentation modules；140- three-dimensional reconstruction modules.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Ground description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Generally exist
The component of the embodiment of the present invention described and illustrated in accompanying drawing can be arranged and designed with a variety of configurations herein.Cause
This, the detailed description of the embodiments of the invention to providing in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit claimed invention below
Scope, but it is merely representative of selected embodiment of the invention.Based on embodiments of the invention, those skilled in the art are not doing
The every other embodiment obtained on the premise of going out creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
It should be noted that：Similar label and letter represents similar terms in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once a certain Xiang Yi
It is defined in individual accompanying drawing, then it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent accompanying drawing.Meanwhile, of the invention
In description, term " first ", " second " etc. are only used for distinguishing description, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in figure 1, being the block diagram that a kind of pore structure obtains equipment 10.The pore structure obtains equipment 10
It is defeated including pore structure acquisition device 100, memory 101, storage control 102, processor 103, Peripheral Interface 104, input
Go out unit 105, display unit 106.
It is the memory 101, storage control 102, processor 103, Peripheral Interface 104, input-output unit 105, aobvious
Show that each element of unit 106 is directly or indirectly electrically connected with each other, to realize the transmission or interaction of data.For example, these
Element can be realized being electrically connected with by one or more communication bus or holding wire each other.The pore structure acquisition device
During 100 can be stored in the memory 101 including at least one in the form of software or firmware (firmware) or it is solidificated in institute
State the software function module during pore structure obtains the operating system (operating system, OS) of equipment 10.The treatment
Device 103 is used to perform the executable module stored in memory 101, such as it is soft that described pore structure acquisition device 100 includes
Part functional module or computer program.
Wherein, memory 101 may be, but not limited to, random access memory (Random Access Memory,
RAM), read-only storage (Read Only Memory, ROM), programmable read only memory (Programmable Read-Only
Memory, PROM), erasable read-only memory (Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EPROM),
Electricallyerasable ROM (EEROM) (Electric Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory, EEPROM) etc..
Wherein, memory 101 is used for storage program, and the processor 103 performs described program after execute instruction is received, foregoing
Method performed by the server of the stream process definition that embodiment of the present invention any embodiment is disclosed can apply to processor 103
In, or realized by processor 103.
Processor 103 is probably a kind of IC chip, the disposal ability with signal.Above-mentioned processor 103 can
Being general processor, including central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, abbreviation CPU), network processing unit
(Network Processor, abbreviation NP) etc.；Can also be digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC),
It is ready-made programmable gate array (FPGA) or other PLDs, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hard
Part component.Can realize or perform disclosed each method in the embodiment of the present invention, step and logic diagram.General processor
Can be microprocessor or the processor 103 can also be any conventional processor 103 etc..
Various input/output devices are coupled to processor 103 and memory 101 by the Peripheral Interface 104.At some
In embodiment, Peripheral Interface 104, processor 103 and storage control 102 can be realized in one single chip.Other one
In a little examples, they can be realized by independent chip respectively.
Input-output unit 105 is used to be supplied to user input data to realize user with the server (or local terminal)
Interaction.The input-output unit 105 may be, but not limited to, mouse and keyboard etc..
Display unit 106 provides an interactive interface and user between and (for example uses in the server (or local terminal)
Family operation interface) or referred to user for display image data.In the present embodiment, the display unit 106 can be liquid
Crystal display or touch control display.If touch control display, it can be the capacitance touching control for supporting single-point and multi-point touch operation
Screen or resistance type touch control screen etc..Support that single-point and multi-point touch operation refer to that touch control display can be sensed and shown from the touch-control
The touch control operation that one or more positions are produced simultaneously on device, and transfer to processor 103 to enter the touch control operation for sensing
Row is calculated and processed.
Fig. 2 is referred to, is that the pore structure being applied to shown in Fig. 1 that present pre-ferred embodiments are provided obtains equipment 10
The flow chart of pore structure acquisition methods.The idiographic flow shown in Fig. 4 will be described in detail below.
Step S110, rock sample is standardized.
Fig. 3 is refer to, step S110 specifically includes following steps：
Step S111, cylinder is prepared as by the rock sample.It should be noted that being prepared as cylinder only as one
Kind more preferred mode, can also be in addition cube, polygon prism etc..
Step S112, the both sides bottom surface that will be prepared as the rock sample of cylinder polishes flat, and obtains standardized rock
Sample.
Mode is preferably carried out as one kind, can be by the shale samples fetched from outcrop profile or rock core in field.Again
The shale samples that will be fetched pass through machine tool for example：Lathe, is prepared into cylinder, a diameter of 2.5cm of the cylinder, length
It is 5cm.Then make its smooth the both sides underrun sanding and polishing of the rock sample of cylinder again, scanning can be beneficial to this
Observation afterwards.Wherein, the both sides bottom surface sanding and polishing of the rock sample of cylinder can be polished by automated mechanical and is set
It is standby to carry out sanding and polishing, also manual polishing polishing can be carried out by milling tools, it is not specifically limited herein.
Step S120, the standardized rock sample is put into CT scanner carries out X-ray scanning, to obtain image
Data.
In step S120, parameter setting should be carried out to CT scanner.Specifically, to ensure that CT scanner has high score
Resolution, CT scanner can be large-scale CT scanner, and its model can be show sword serial (CLOBAL Silver).Additionally, setting
The parameter for putting the resolution ratio of CT scan is 100nm, and the view data of acquisition is the view data of the resolution ratio of 100nm.Need
Bright, the CT of 100nm resolution ratio is not specifically limited as just a kind of implementation method, and other points can also be used in addition
The CT of resolution is scanned analysis, such as millimeter rank, micron level etc..Standardized rock sample is placed on CT scanner
Sample position to be detected, be then turned on CT scanner and the parameter of CT scanner resolution ratio be set, therefore X-ray can be carried out and swept
Retouch, so that the standardized rock sample view data after being scanned.
Step S130, the described image data to obtaining carry out image segmentation, obtain the hole data of the rock sample.
In step S130, Fig. 4 is refer to, specifically include following steps：
Step S131, gradation data, the ash of zonule of the pixel of described image data are obtained according to described image data
Degrees of data and gray variance.
Step S132, gradation data, the gradation data of the zonule and the gray variance according to the pixel, obtains
Obtain the hole data of rock sample.
Specifically, in step S131 and step S132, after CT scanner scanning, CT scanner is capable of outputting standard
The gradation data of the scan image pixel of rock sample.Additionally, in the gradation data of output, also be divided into for image by CT scanner
Multiple zonules, for example：It is divided into 9 regions.Therefore the CT scanner can also export the grey of the pixel of each zonule
According to.Furthermore, CT scanner can also obtain the corresponding ash of gradation data according to gradation data by itself default calculation procedure
Degree variance, and each zonule gradation data corresponding to each zonule gray variance.Each model in view data
Gradation data, the gradation data of the zonule and the gray variance for enclosing the interior pixel all represent the rock sample
Corresponding different types of architectural feature, for example, the main body framework of rock sample, different porositys, different pore appearances,
Connectedness between different pore size, holes.CT scanner according to get gradation data, the gradation data of zonule and
Gray variance just can obtain the hole data of the standardized rock sample by the calculating of itself pre-set programs again, and the mark
The hole data of the rock sample of standardization include：Pore appearance, pore size and connectedness.
Step S140, according to the hole data, carries out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtains pore structure.
In this step S140, the hole data required for three-dimensional reconstruction include but is not limited to porosity, pore appearance, hole
The main body framework of connectedness and rock sample between gap size, hole.
CT scanner obtains the hole data of the standardized rock sample, i.e. CT scanner obtains the rock sample
Feature.CT scanner can carry out three-dimensional reconstruction according to the feature of rock sample.Wherein, CT scanner can based on unity3D,
The 3-dimensional image model of the software engine system constructing such as unreal, cryengine rock sample.Additionally, researcher passes through
Observation or the 3-dimensional image model of adjustment CT scanner modeling display, can obtain the hole of rock sample from 3-dimensional image model
Structure.The observation for convenience pore structure, can be by the other structures in 3-dimensional image model (for example, the bone of rock sample
Frame structure) it is hidden, then pore structure is shown, it is possible to observation is clearly analyzed to pore structure, with
Information needed for being studied.
Refer to Fig. 5, be present pre-ferred embodiments provide Fig. 1 shown in pore structure acquisition device 100 function
Module diagram.The pore structure acquisition device 100 includes：Standardized module 110, image data acquisition module 120, image
Segmentation module 130 and three-dimensional reconstruction module 140.
Standardized module 110, for rock sample to be standardized.The module includes：Normalizer module, for by described in
Rock sample is prepared as cylinder, and will be prepared as the both sides bottom surface of the rock sample of cylinder and polish flat, and is standardized
Rock sample.
Image data acquisition module 120, X-ray is carried out for the standardized rock sample to be put into CT scanner
Scanning, to obtain view data.
Image segmentation module 130, for carrying out image segmentation to the described image data for obtaining, obtains the hole of rock sample
Gap data.
Described image segmentation module 130 includes：
Gradation data acquisition submodule, the grey of the pixel for obtaining described image data according to described image data
According to the gradation data and gray variance of, zonule.
Hole data acquisition submodule, for the gradation data according to the pixel, the gradation data of the zonule and
The gray variance, obtains the hole data of rock sample.
Three-dimensional reconstruction module 140, for according to the hole data, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtains pore structure.
It should be noted that the CT scanner that above-mentioned pore structure acquisition methods and device are used is included but is not limited to
Micron CT scanner.
It is apparent to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the method for foregoing description
Specific work process, may be referred to the corresponding process in aforementioned means, will not be repeated here.
In sum, a kind of pore structure acquisition methods provided in an embodiment of the present invention and device, will want to characterize first
The rock sample of pore structure characteristic is standardized, it is ensured that follow-up scanning can obtain more accurate result, protects
Demonstrate,prove the specification of result.Rock sample after standardization is put into CT scanner to carry out X-ray and is scanned, to obtain image
Data.View data is carried out into image segmentation again, the hole data of the rock sample, each of which class hole data are obtained
The class formation feature in rock sample can be represented, different architectural features can be told with this.Finally according to described
Hole data carry out the three-dimensional reconstruction of rock sample inside development structure, and obtain the hole knot inside clearly rock sample
The development characteristics of the pore structure of the rock interior obtained by three-dimensional reconstruction can be observed or studied, more by structure with this
The defect of the limitation and research method of early stage pore structure characterizing method not system is mended.
In several embodiments provided herein, it should be understood that disclosed apparatus and method, it is also possible to pass through
Other modes are realized.Device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, flow chart and block diagram in accompanying drawing
Show the device of multiple embodiments of the invention, the architectural framework in the cards of method and computer program product,
Function and operation.At this point, each square frame in flow chart or block diagram can represent one the one of module, program segment or code
Part a, part for the module, program segment or code is used to realize holding for the logic function for specifying comprising one or more
Row instruction.It should also be noted that at some as in the implementation replaced, the function of being marked in square frame can also be being different from
The order marked in accompanying drawing occurs.For example, two continuous square frames can essentially be performed substantially in parallel, they are sometimes
Can perform in the opposite order, this is depending on involved function.It is also noted that every in block diagram and/or flow chart
The combination of the square frame in individual square frame and block diagram and/or flow chart, can use the function or the special base of action for performing regulation
Realized in the system of hardware, or can be realized with the combination of computer instruction with specialized hardware.
In addition, each functional module in each embodiment of the invention can integrate to form an independent portion
Divide, or modules individualism, it is also possible to which two or more modules are integrated to form an independent part.
If the function is to realize in the form of software function module and as independent production marketing or when using, can be with
Storage is in a computer read/write memory medium.Based on such understanding, technical scheme is substantially in other words
The part contributed to prior art or the part of the technical scheme can be embodied in the form of software product, the meter
Calculation machine software product is stored in a storage medium, including some instructions are used to so that a computer equipment (can be individual
People's computer, server, or network equipment etc.) perform all or part of step of each embodiment methods described of the invention.
And foregoing storage medium includes：USB flash disk, mobile hard disk, read-only storage (ROM, Read-Only Memory), arbitrary access are deposited
Reservoir (RAM, Random Access Memory), magnetic disc or CD etc. are various can be with the medium of store program codes.Need
Illustrate, herein, such as first and second or the like relational terms be used merely to by an entity or operation with
Another entity or operation make a distinction, and not necessarily require or imply these entities or there is any this reality between operating
The relation or order on border.And, term " including ", "comprising" or its any other variant be intended to the bag of nonexcludability
Contain, so that process, method, article or equipment including a series of key elements are not only including those key elements, but also including
Other key elements being not expressly set out, or it is this process, method, article or the intrinsic key element of equipment also to include.
In the absence of more restrictions, the key element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including the key element
Process, method, article or equipment in also there is other identical element.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, for the skill of this area
For art personnel, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.It is all within the spirit and principles in the present invention, made any repair
Change, equivalent, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.It should be noted that：Similar label and letter exists
Similar terms is represented in following accompanying drawing, therefore, once being defined in a certain Xiang Yi accompanying drawing, then it is not required in subsequent accompanying drawing
It is further defined and is explained.
The above, specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any
Those familiar with the art the invention discloses technical scope in, change or replacement can be readily occurred in, should all contain
Cover within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention described should be defined by scope of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pore structure acquisition methods, it is characterised in that including：
Rock sample is standardized；
The standardized rock sample is put into CT scanner carries out X-ray scanning, to obtain view data；
Described image data to obtaining carry out image segmentation, obtain the hole data of the rock sample；
According to the hole data, three-dimensional reconstruction is carried out, obtain pore structure.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described described image data to obtaining carry out image point
Cut, the step of obtain the hole data of the rock sample, including：
The gradation data of pixel, the gradation data of zonule and the gray scale side of described image data are obtained according to described image data
Difference；
Gradation data, the gradation data of the zonule and the gray variance according to the pixel, obtain rock sample
Hole data.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the parameter of the hole data includes：Pore appearance, aperture
Size and connectedness.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described includes the standardized step of rock sample：
The rock sample is prepared as into cylinder, and the both sides bottom surface of the rock sample of cylinder will be prepared as polishing flat,
Obtain standardized rock sample.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the rock sample for being prepared as cylinder it is a diameter of
2.5cm, length is 5cm.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described image data are the view data of resolution ratio 100nm.
7. a kind of pore structure acquisition device, it is characterised in that including：
Standardized module, for rock sample to be standardized；
Image data acquisition module, X-ray scanning is carried out for the standardized rock sample to be put into CT scanner, with
Obtain view data；
Image segmentation module, for carrying out image segmentation to the described image data for obtaining, obtains the hole data of rock sample；
Three-dimensional reconstruction module, for according to the hole data, carrying out three-dimensional reconstruction, obtains pore structure.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that described image segmentation module includes：
Gradation data acquisition submodule, the gradation data of the pixel for obtaining described image data according to described image data,
The gradation data and gray variance of zonule；
Hole data acquisition submodule, for the gradation data according to the pixel, the gradation data of the zonule and described
Gray variance, obtains the hole data of rock sample.
9. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the standardized module includes：Normalizer module, is used for
The rock sample is prepared as into cylinder, and the both sides bottom surface of the rock sample of cylinder will be prepared as polishing flat, obtain
Standardized rock sample.
10. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the CT scanner is micron CT scanner.
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| CN108682020A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-10-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Rock core micron CT pore structure reconstructing methods |
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