CN106917017A - Aluminum alloy plate materials and its production method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy plate materials and its production method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106917017A CN106917017A CN201710194727.1A CN201710194727A CN106917017A CN 106917017 A CN106917017 A CN 106917017A CN 201710194727 A CN201710194727 A CN 201710194727A CN 106917017 A CN106917017 A CN 106917017A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent
- C22C21/08—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent with silicon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C22F1/047—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon of alloys with magnesium as the next major constituent
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials and its production method, belong to aluminum alloy plate materials production field.The aluminum alloy plate materials, by mass percentage, its chemical composition includes Si≤0.1%, Fe≤0.20%, Cu≤0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, balance of Al.Its production method is that aluminium alloy stock is smelted into melt, and sampling analysis controls the chemical composition of melt to meet the demand, then by melt casting, hot rolling and annealing；Wherein, aluminium alloy stock includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35~40%, aluminium scrap material 35~40% and electrolyte 20~30%.By optimizing the chemical constituent of aluminum alloy plate materials, the particular/special requirement good to meet tank car material cda alloy intensity, weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to aluminum alloy plate materials production field, in particular to a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials and its production method.
Background technology
It is energy-saving and emission-reduction, structure lightened into worldwide trend.Aluminium alloy tank car has its density small compared with steel, corrosion resistance
Well, the features such as easy welding, long lifespan, easy recovery, emission reduction are put, do not make accumulation.Aluminium and alloy are in auto industry in recent years
Using more and more extensive.Europe, the United States, Australia, Deng states aluminium alloy tank car are up to more than 90%, and China is less than 2%.Carry out in China
Aluminium alloy tank car is with developed country than having very big development space, wide market prospects.
Materials for aluminium alloy tank car are generally Al-Mg alloys.Such as：5083、5182、5454.5083 alloys are can not
Heat treatable alloy, intensity is good, and machinability is good.5083 alloys are widely used in maritime affairs purposes such as ship, and automobile, aircraft
Weldment, subway light rail, need the pressure vessel of rigorous fire, refrigerating plant, television tower, drilling equipment, facilities for transport and communication, lead
Play the fields such as part, plate armour.Therefore, 5083 alloys are the aluminum alloy plate materials that Aluminium alloy for pots sheet material is mainly used, 5083 alloys
In being aluminium-magnesium alloy, but existing alloy, the mass content that the mass content of Si (silicon) is not more than 0.40%, Fe (iron) is little
It is not more than the mass content of 0.10%, Mn (manganese) between 0.4-1.0%, Cr (chromium) in the mass content of 0.40%, Cu (copper)
Mass content between 0.05-0.25%, the mass content of Ti (titanium) less than the 0.15%, mass content of Mg (magnesium) in 4.0-
Between 4.9%, the mass content of Zn (zinc) be not more than 0.25%, Al (aluminium) for surplus.The proportioning of the composition causes the strong of alloy
Degree (elevated temperature strength, low temperature intensity), weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface are low, thus cannot meet tank car material
The demand of material.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials, the chemical constituent of aluminum alloy plate materials is optimized, to meet
Tank car material cda alloy high intensity (elevated temperature strength is good, low temperature intensity is good), weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, surface are bright and new
The good particular/special requirement of property.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials, by improving technique, further
Improve the performances such as intensity, weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface of aluminum alloy plate materials.
The present invention is solved its technical problem and is realized using following technical scheme.
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials, by mass percentage, its chemical composition include Si≤0.1%, Fe≤0.20%, Cu≤
0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, balance of Al.
A kind of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials, melt is smelted into by aluminium alloy stock, and sampling analysis controls the change of melt
Study and be divided into：Si≤0.1%, Fe≤0.20%, Cu≤0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤
0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, balance of Al；
It is middle coiled material after annealing by the hot rolled treatment of aluminium alloy cast ingot by melt casting into aluminium alloy cast ingot；
Wherein, aluminium alloy stock includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35~40%, aluminium scrap material 35~40% and
Electrolyte 20~30%.
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials of present invention offer and its beneficial effect of production method are：The present embodiment is closed by aluminium
The chemical composition of golden plate material is defined and optimizes in standard base, lifts the minimum value content of Mn and Mg, while reduction Si,
The maximum content of Fe, Cr, Zn and Ti, by the mutual cooperation between various elements, to reach lifting alloy strength, welding
Property, corrosion resistance, wearability etc., additionally, the content control of Cr also makes the bright and new property in surface of alloy good.And combine aluminum alloy plate materials
Middle coiled material of the production method after by hot rolling directly anneal, the technique without carrying out cold-rolling treatment further lifts aluminium conjunction
The intensity of golden plate material, combination property and surface quality.
Brief description of the drawings
For clearer the explanation embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Some embodiments of invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with
Other accompanying drawings are obtained according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the grain structure of the aluminum alloy plate materials that the embodiment of the present invention 2 is provided；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the grain structure of the aluminum alloy plate materials that the embodiment of the present invention 3 is provided；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the grain structure of the aluminum alloy plate materials that the embodiment of the present invention 4 is provided.
Specific embodiment
To make the purpose, technical scheme and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below will be in the embodiment of the present invention
Technical scheme be clearly and completely described.Unreceipted actual conditions person, builds according to normal condition or manufacturer in embodiment
The condition of view is carried out.Agents useful for same or the unreceipted production firm person of instrument, are the conventional product that can be obtained by commercially available purchase
Product.
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials and a kind of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials below to the embodiment of the present invention are carried out specifically
Explanation.
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials, according to mass percentage, its chemical composition includes：Si≤0.1%, Fe≤0.20%, Cu
≤ 0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10% are balance of
Al。
Preferably, by mass percentage, its chemical composition includes Si：0.04~0.07%；Fe：0.12~0.16%；
Cu：0.03~0.09%, Mn：0.75~0.8%, Mg：4.7~4.9%；Cr：0.13~0.14%, Zn：0.001~
0.014%, Ti：0.01~0.02%, balance of Al.
Compared with the nominal chemical composition that ASTM B209M or GB/T3190 are announced (such as table 1), main component is controlled more for it
Strictly, by controlling the chemical composition of aluminum alloy plate materials, alloy high strength (elevated temperature strength is good, low temperature intensity is good), welding are improved
Property, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface are good.
The nominal composition of table 1 compares with chemical composition of the present invention
In the present embodiment, it is defined and optimizes in standard base by the chemical composition to aluminum alloy plate materials, so that
Lifted the cda alloy high intensity (elevated temperature strength is good, low temperature intensity is good) of aluminum alloy plate materials, weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability,
The bright and new property in surface is good.
By upper table as can be seen that optimization of the present invention to Si and Fe is more obvious, in standard base, reduce Si and
The content of Fe, the content of Si and Fe is high in alloy, can drop low-alloyed corrosion resistance, and Mn can suppress the adverse effect of Fe, enter
And the minimum value of Mn is improved in the embodiment of the present invention, make the content of Mn between 0.7-1.0, and then it is resistance to suppress the reduction of Fe contents
The adverse effect of corrosion, while corrosion resistance includes spot corrosion, intercrystalline corrosion, stress corrosion and degrades tendency.In being alloy due to copper
Intensified element, copper and aluminium can form CuAl2Hardening constituent, improves intensity, but with the increase of copper content, corrosion resistance declines,
Point corrosion declines, and spot corrosion and Susceptibility To Intergranular Corrosion increase.Additionally, the raising of the content with magnesium, the intensity of alloy can also increase
Plus, but, as content of magnesium increases, spot corrosion tendency increases, as cold deformation increases, stress corrosion and exfoliation susceptibility
Increase.Thus in the present embodiment, when the content to copper and magnesium is limited, containing for copper and magnesium is improved as far as possible under critical field
Amount, and then lift the intensity of alloy.Additionally, Cr being capable of crystal grain thinning, raising stress corrosion resistant ability.
The restriction of specialization is carried out in the present embodiment by the composition to aluminum alloy plate materials, the minimum value for lifting Mn and Mg contains
Amount, while the maximum content of Si, Fe, Cr, Zn and Ti is reduced, by the mutual cooperation between various elements, to reach lifting
Alloy strength, weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability etc., additionally, the content control of Cr also makes the bright and new property in surface of alloy good.
The aluminum alloy plate materials that the present embodiment is provided can carry out melting, casting and at the later stage according to conventional production process
Reason, obtained aluminium plywood material, based on the optimization to its chemical composition, compared to aluminum alloy plate materials in the prior art, it is comprehensively closed
Golden high intensity (elevated temperature strength high and low temperature intensity is high), weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface are good.
A kind of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials, it includes：
Aluminium alloy stock is smelted into melt, sampling analysis, the chemical composition for controlling melt is：Si≤0.1%, Fe≤
0.20%, Cu≤0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤
0.10%, balance of Al；
It is middle coiled material by the hot rolled treatment of aluminium alloy cast ingot by melt casting into aluminium alloy cast ingot, middle coiled material is moved back
Fire.
The step of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials S1 --- melting is specially：
Aluminium alloy stock is carried out under conditions of 720~750 DEG C melting and melt is stirred to obtain；Wherein, aluminium alloy stock
Include by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35~40%, aluminium scrap material 35~40% and electrolyte 20~30%.
Solid aluminium material is that composition is >=99.7% solid aluminium material.Specially remelting aluminium ingot；Aluminium scrap material is closed for identical
The arm of angle material of golden composition, for example：One or more in ingot casting saw cutting head tailing, hot rolled plate crop tailing.
Specifically, raw material is prepared by the chemical composition and mass percent of aluminum alloy plate materials, in 720~750 DEG C of bar
Smelting aluminium alloy raw material under part, when the 50%~60% of aluminium alloy stock is molten into aluminium liquid, opens electromagnetic agitation, mixing time
It is 30~40min, after aluminium alloy stock all melts, adds component additive agent.
Component additive agent is that one kind adds alite paste (such as with metal powder：No. 2 flux) mechanical compression molding pie product.
Can simplify aluminum melting process time, energy saving and raw material with component additive agent or intermediate alloy, reduce production cost,
Beneficial to precise control alloy composition, improve product quality.
The content of magnesium of 5XXX systems alloy be 0.5~6.0% (mass fraction), the composition that accompanies for existing difference and changed
Become.Due to Mg2Solid solubility very littles of the Si in aluminium, Mg2Si is the main phase in the series alloy.In the present embodiment, preferably manganese agent
As component additive agent added in the aluminium alloy stock after fusing, manganese agent has tenor high, small volume, be easy to accumulating and
The advantages of using.The addition of manganese can make mutually to be precipitated containing magnesium the corrosion resistance for uniformly improving alloy, particularly stress corrosion dehiscence resistant
Ability；The addition of manganese can significantly improve alloy strength, and ensure that alloy has stability higher.
The application method of component additive agent is：Remove the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, common operation temperature (i.e. 710 DEG C~
750 DEG C) under component additive agent is equably put into molten bath, be sufficiently stirred for 5~10 minutes.It is uniform to enable aluminum alloy to Elemental redistribution
Absorb complete, 10~15 minutes after it should be stood after being sufficiently stirred for, and skimmed, adjusting component.
The step of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials S2 --- multistage purification treatment be specially：
When multistage purification treatment is carried out to melt, S201 is first carried out：Gaseous mixture is refined.
By melt transfer to holding furnace, furnace side Ar and Cl are carried out2Gaseous mixture is refined, and composition is qualified and casting is made adequate preparation
Afterwards, melt stands appropriate time.
By to being blown into aluminium alloy solution not only insoluble in aluminum alloy melt but also the inert gas that is not reacted with hydrogen, obtaining
Obtain hydrogen-free bubble.Because these minute bubbles are in floating-upward process, Al on the one hand can be adsorbed2O3Deng field trash, on the other hand can also press from both sides
Firmly the pressure differential between nitrogen or argon gas bubbles and aluminium alloy contact surface, will be dissolved in the hydrogen suction bubble in aluminium alloy.Work as suction
After the bubble floating of attached field trash and/or hydrogen is excluded to liquid level, the purpose of degassing and slagging-off can be reached.
Ar and Cl is used in the present embodiment2Gaseous mixture is refined, wherein, active gases chlorine does not dissolve in aluminum alloy melt,
But strong chemical reaction can occur with aluminium and the hydrogen being dissolved in aluminum alloy melt, generate HCl and AlCl insoluble in aluminum alloy melt3
Gas.These gases generated due to reaction and the Cl for not participating in reaction2This can play the work of adsorbed hydrogen and oxide inclusion
With so its refining effect ratio is far better using pure gas argon gas or nitrogen.Typically terse treatment is carried out in logical chlorine
When, the temperature general control of aluminum alloy melt is at 690~720 DEG C, but the logical chlorine time is then different according to different alloy systems.
Although the effect of logical chlorine refining is preferably, complete equipment is more complicated, and chlorine is toxic, harmful and pair set
Standby, environment has in corrosiveness, therefore the present embodiment, by Cl2It is used in mixed way with Ar, compared with logical chlorine is refined, leads to gaseous mixture
The refining time of body refining saves half, and due to having used argon gas, alleviates chlorine to human body and the corrosiveness of equipment,
So that condition of work is also greatly improved.Meanwhile, it is passed through Cl2Also reacted with alkali metal (Na, K, Ca), played except alkali metal
Effect.
After gaseous mixture refining terminates, then carry out S202：Degasification removal of impurities.
Degasification removal of impurities：Melt is carried out into melt degasification through SNIF degassing apparatus；Then the foam of 30PPI and 50PPI is made pottery
Porcelain plate is separately heated to 600~750 DEG C, and the foamed ceramic panel for making melt sequentially pass through 30PPI and 50PPI carries out melt filtration.
The melt that the present embodiment is provided first passes through Ar and Cl2Gaseous mixture is refined, can remove gas in melt and
Impurity, further recycles SNIF degassing apparatus to carry out melt degasification, and the foamed ceramic panel of 30PPI and 50PPI is melted
Body is filtered so that the air content and impurity content of melt are further reduced, while after foamed ceramic panel heating, can effectively prevent bubble
Foam ceramic wafer is blocked, and effectively removal melt field trash.Additionally, according to the principle of slag gas association, while field trash is removed,
Hydrogen in melt also can further decline.By removal of impurities degasification twice, the gassiness and impurity content in melt are significantly reduced, be
The homogeneous aluminium alloy cast ingot of the clean fine and smooth, color and luster of casting surface is laid a good foundation.
After degasification removal of impurities, multistage purification treatment also includes S203：Crystal grain refinement.
Alterant is added toward melt, melt is 100 with the mass ratio of alterant：0.01~0.03.Add alterant energy
Enough improve crystallization process, preferably by Al5Ti1B crystal grain refinements silk as alterant.
Cleaning molten uses multi-stage combination cleaning molten technology, ingot metallurgy quality is reached the level of High Purity, makes casting
Ingot metallurgy quality meets：1 grade of grain size；[H]≤0.1ml/100gAl；Na ＜ 2PPm；Ca ＜ 4PPm；Slag ＜ 50K/kg.Product
Forming property and mechanical property it is more excellent.Melt hydrogen content after being processed in line is few, impurity content is reduced, while making
Aluminium alloy cast ingot evenly, it is tiny.
S3, casting：By melt cast into aluminium alloy cast ingot (620 × 1000~2800 × Lmm).
S4, milling face：The expanding end of aluminium alloy cast ingot and gate end sawing are fallen, ingot casting upper and lower surface and two sides are carried out
Milling face；The surface that milling face can enable aluminum alloy to ingot casting is more smooth, and then lifts the quality of aluminium alloy cast ingot.
S5, Homogenization Treatments：Aluminium alloy cast ingot behind sawing milling face is carried out into Homogenization Treatments；Specifically, at homogenization
Reason includes：Ingot casting is heated to 480~570 DEG C, 8~12h is incubated；Then 460~480 DEG C are reduced the temperature to, insulation 1~3 is small
When.
In the present embodiment, Homogenization Treatments are different from Homogenization Treatments of the prior art, and two grades are used in the present embodiment
Homogenization Treatments, that is to say and operated by a heating and heat preservation, then by insulation operation of once lowering the temperature, the operation of heating and heat preservation makes
Ingot casting uniformity coefficient is higher, is conducive to improving the plasticity of ingot casting, reduces resistance of deformation, is conducive to the fabricated product or casting of ingot casting
End-use properties.For example：Corrosion resistance is improved, lamellar tissue is prevented, is weakened the every abnormity of material, is improved structure stability,
Preventing creep causes material shape size change etc..The operation of cooling insulation simultaneously, can be by the phase of crystals diffusion-precipitation second
Compound, can improve the intensity of alloy again.
S6, hot rolling：Aluminium alloy cast ingot is rolled to the middle coiled material that thickness is 6.5~7.5mm, finishing temperature is 260~320
℃.In the present embodiment, in hot rolling treatment, depended on pressure of the rolling pass of roll, the velocity of rotation of roll and roll etc., according to
Parameter in conventional hot rolling treatment is selected.
It is S7, cold rolling：Middle coiled material is obtained into aluminum alloy coiled materials after cold rolling, the thickness of aluminum alloy coiled materials for 5.01~
5.05mm, the cold rolling passage in the present embodiment is at most once, that is to say, cold rolling number of times depends on adding for aluminum alloy coiled materials
Work thickness, when the thickness requirement of the cold rolling aluminum alloy coiled materials for obtaining is 4~5mm, can carry out it is cold rolling once, and cold rolling ought obtain
Aluminum alloy coiled materials thickness requirement be 5~6mm when, it is cold rolling without carrying out.Existing cold rolling thickness and work also according to sheet material
Skill determines cold rolling number of times, when cold rolling 2~4 passage is generally required, can just shut out default sheet material.And in the present embodiment, by subtracting
Few cold rolling passage, improves the combination property of aluminum alloy coiled materials.
S8, annealing：Aluminum alloy coiled materials are incubated 2~4 hours under the conditions of 100~240 DEG C, and are draw textured, drawn
It is 0.5~1.5% to stretch deflection.What the annealing in the present embodiment was carried out on continuous heat-treating drier.Annealing temperature is relatively low, has
Beneficial to the intensity for improving aluminum alloy plate materials, while improving its weldability.
Above production technology can use following equipment：60 tonnes of tipping smelting furnaces and holding furnace；Magnetic stirrer
(ABB)；Trucd mixer；Forklift for slag；Stove surveys purifier (STAS)；The online depassing unit of double stage tandem；Twin-stage ceramic filter plate
(30PPI+50PPI)；Chute is added a cover in electrical heating；Online crystal grain refinement device, hydraulic standing inner guide type casting system and technique are flat
Platform (Wagstaff)；Qi Zhulu and corollary apparatus；Wiper；Online hydrogen meter；Online slag instrument (LiMCA CM) of surveying surveys slag instrument.
In the present embodiment, it is defined and optimizes in standard base by the chemical composition to aluminum alloy plate materials, so that
The intensity of aluminum alloy plate materials is lifted, while weldability, corrosion resistance, wearability, the bright and new property in surface are also lifted.And
Intensity, combination property and the table of aluminum alloy plate materials are further lifted by technological operation with reference to the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials
Face quality.That is to say by controlling (to that is to say in gaseous mixture refining, degasification removal of impurities and crystal grain melt using multistage purification technology
Refinement), ingot metallurgy quality is reached the level of High Purity, meet ingot metallurgy quality：1 grade of grain size；[H]≤0.1ml/
100gAl；Na ＜ 2PPm；Ca ＜ 4PPm；Slag ＜ 50K/kg.Meanwhile, control two grades of parameters of Homogenization Treatments, it is ensured that aluminium alloy
Ingot casting uniformity coefficient is higher, and the forming property and mechanical property of product are more excellent.Further, it is (cold rolling to cold rolling technique
Passage is at most once) parameter selected and limited, reduce cold rolling number of times, improve the intensity of alloy.
With reference to embodiment, the present invention is further described.
The chemical constituent of embodiment 1~6 is shown in Table 2.
The chemical composition and mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials that each embodiment of table 2. is provided
Embodiment 1
The aluminum alloy plate materials of the present embodiment are prepared from by following production method, specifically include following steps：
S1, melting：Prepare raw material, aluminium by the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy plate materials of embodiment 1 in table 2 and mass percent
Alloy raw material includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35%, aluminium scrap material 35% and electrolyte 30%.Wherein, solid aluminium
The composition of material is >=99.7% Al, aluminium scrap material is the arm of angle material of identical alloying component.Smelting aluminum is closed under conditions of 720 DEG C
Golden raw material simultaneously stirs to obtain melt, sampling analysis, the index for controlling the chemical composition of melt to meet in table 2.
Melt is cast as into aluminium alloy cast ingot according to conventional production process, and aluminium alloy cast ingot is carried out into hot rolling treatment being rolled to
The middle coiled material of 2.5~7.5mm of thickness, by operations such as the cold rolling, annealing of middle coiled material.
Embodiment 2
A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials are present embodiments provided, is prepared from by following production method, specifically included following
Step：S1, melting：Prepare raw material by the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy plate materials of embodiment 2 in table 2 and mass percent, aluminium is closed
Golden raw material includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35%, aluminium scrap material 35% and electrolyte 30%.Wherein, solid aluminium material
Composition be >=99.7% Al, aluminium scrap material is the arm of angle material of identical alloying component.The smelting aluminium alloy under conditions of 720 DEG C
Raw material simultaneously stirs to obtain melt, and sampling analysis, the chemical composition for controlling melt is to meet the index in table 2.
S2, multistage purification treatment：By melt transfer to holding furnace, furnace side Ar and Cl are carried out2Gaseous mixture is refined, and melt is passed through
SNIF degassing apparatus carries out melt degasification；Then the foamed ceramic panel of 30PPI and 50PPI is separately heated to 600 DEG C, makes melt
The foamed ceramic panel for sequentially passing through 30PPI and 50PPI carries out melt filtration.After degasification removal of impurities, added in toward melt rotten
Agent, melt is 100 with the mass ratio of alterant：0.01 carries out crystal grain refinement treatment, after the completion for the treatment of.
S3, casting：By melt cast into aluminium alloy cast ingot (620 × 1000 × 8650mm).
S4, milling face：The expanding end of aluminium alloy cast ingot and gate end sawing are fallen, ingot casting upper and lower surface and two sides are carried out
Milling face；
S5, Homogenization Treatments：Aluminium alloy cast ingot behind sawing milling face is carried out into conventional Homogenization Treatments, specially by aluminium
Alloy cast ingot is heated to 480 DEG C in step-by-step movement propulsion stove, is incubated 10h.
S6, hot rolling：Aluminium alloy cast ingot is rolled to the middle coiled material that thickness is 6.5mm, finishing temperature is 260 DEG C.
It is S7, cold rolling：By middle coiled material through a time it is cold rolling after obtain aluminum alloy coiled materials, the thickness of aluminum alloy coiled materials is
5.01mm, Cold Reduction is 20%.
S8, annealing：Aluminum alloy coiled materials after will be cold rolling are draw textured, and stretcher strain amount is 1%, then in 120 DEG C
Under the conditions of make annealing treatment, be incubated 3 hours, grain structure after annealing refers to Fig. 1, test piece flawless, slag inclusion, bright crystal,
1 grade of grain size, loose 1 grade, shell thickness about 2mm.
Embodiment 3
The aluminum alloy plate materials of the present embodiment are prepared from by following production method, specifically include following steps：
S1, melting：Prepare raw material, aluminium by the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy plate materials of embodiment 3 in table 2 and mass percent
Alloy raw material includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 40%, aluminium scrap material 40% and electrolyte 20%.Wherein, solid aluminium
The composition of material is >=99.7% Al, aluminium scrap material is bulk, the arm of angle material of identical alloying component.Melted under conditions of 750 DEG C
Aluminium metallurgy alloy raw material, when the 50%~60% of aluminium alloy stock is molten into aluminium liquid, opens electromagnetic agitation, stirs 40min, works as aluminium
Alloy raw material all after fusing, removes the scum silica frost on aluminium liquid surface, by manganese under common operation temperature (i.e. 710 DEG C~750 DEG C)
Agent is uniformly put into molten bath as component additive agent, is sufficiently stirred for 5~10 minutes, 10~15 points after should being stood after being sufficiently stirred for
Clock, and skimmed, adjusting component.Sampling analysis, the chemical composition for controlling melt is to meet the index in table 5.
S2, multistage purification treatment
Then transfer melt carries out furnace side Ar and Cl to holding furnace2Gaseous mixture is refined, and composition is qualified and casting is made adequate preparation
Afterwards, melt stands appropriate time.By melt under the conditions of 710 DEG C, melt is carried out into melt degasification through SNIF degassing apparatus；Then
The foamed ceramic panel of 30PPI and 50PPI is separately heated to 750 DEG C, the foam for making melt sequentially pass through 30PPI and 50PPI is made pottery
Porcelain plate carries out melt filtration.After degasification removal of impurities, alterant is added in toward melt, melt is 100 with the mass ratio of alterant：
0.02 carries out crystal grain refinement treatment.
S3, casting：After the completion for the treatment of, by melt cast into aluminium alloy cast ingot (620 × 2800 × 8650mm).
S4, milling face：The expanding end of aluminium alloy cast ingot and gate end sawing are fallen, ingot casting upper and lower surface and two sides are carried out
Milling face.
S5, Homogenization Treatments：Ingot casting is heated to 480 DEG C, 12h is incubated；Then 460 DEG C are reduced the temperature to, insulation 3 is small
When.
S6, hot rolling：Aluminium alloy cast ingot is rolled to the middle coiled material that thickness is 7.5mm, finishing temperature is 320 DEG C.
S8, annealing：S7, cold rolling step are omitted, does not carry out cold rolling, directly aluminium alloy is rolled up the aluminium alloy cast ingot after hot rolling
Material is draw textured, and tensile deformation amount is 0.5%, is then made annealing treatment under the conditions of 100 DEG C, is incubated 4 hours, after annealing
Grain structure refer to Fig. 2, test piece flawless, slag inclusion, bright crystal, 1 grade of grain size, loose 1 grade, shell thickness about 2mm.
Embodiment 4
The aluminum alloy plate materials that the present embodiment is provided are prepared from by following production method, specifically include following steps：
S1, melting：The chemical composition and mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials provided by embodiment 4 in table 2 prepare former
Material, aluminium alloy stock includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 40%, aluminium scrap material 40% and electrolyte 20%.Wherein, Gu
The composition of body aluminium material is >=99.7%Al, and aluminium scrap material is block, the leftover pieces of identical alloying component.Under conditions of 730 DEG C
Smelting aluminium alloy raw material, when the 55% of aluminium alloy stock is molten into aluminium liquid, opens electromagnetic agitation, stirs 30min, removes aluminium liquid
The scum silica frost on surface, after aluminium alloy stock all melts, makees manganese agent under common operation temperature (i.e. 710 DEG C~750 DEG C)
For component additive agent is uniformly put into molten bath, it is sufficiently stirred for 5~10 minutes, 10~15 minutes after should being stood after being sufficiently stirred for,
And skimmed, adjusting component.
S2, multistage purification treatment
Then transfer melt carries out furnace side Ar and Cl to holding furnace2Gaseous mixture is refined, and composition is qualified and casting is made adequate preparation
Afterwards, melt stands appropriate time.By melt under the conditions of 710 DEG C, melt is carried out into melt degasification through SNIF degassing apparatus；Then
The foamed ceramic panel of 30PPI and 50PPI is separately heated to 600 DEG C, the foam for making melt sequentially pass through 30PPI and 50PPI is made pottery
Porcelain plate carries out melt filtration.After degasification removal of impurities, alterant is added in toward melt, melt is 100 with the mass ratio of alterant：
0.03 carries out crystal grain refinement treatment.
S3, casting：After the completion for the treatment of, by melt cast into aluminium alloy cast ingot (620 × 2000 × 8650mm).
S4, milling face：The expanding end of aluminium alloy cast ingot and gate end sawing are fallen, ingot casting upper and lower surface and two sides are carried out
Milling face.
S5, Homogenization Treatments：Ingot casting is heated to 570 DEG C, 8h is incubated；Then 480 DEG C are reduced the temperature to, 1 hour is incubated.
S6, hot rolling：Aluminium alloy cast ingot is rolled to the middle coiled material that thickness is 7mm, finishing temperature is 300 DEG C.
It is S7, cold rolling：By middle coiled material through a time it is cold rolling after to thickness be 5.05mm, Cold Reduction is 25%.
S8, annealing：Middle coiled material after will be cold rolling is draw textured, and tensile deformation amount is 1.5%, then in 240 DEG C
Under the conditions of make annealing treatment, be incubated 2 hours, grain structure after annealing refers to Fig. 3, test piece flawless, slag inclusion, bright crystal,
1 grade of grain size, loose 1 grade, shell thickness about 2mm.
Embodiment 5
The production method of the aluminum alloy plate materials that the present embodiment is provided is substantially same as Example 4, and difference is：This reality
The chemical composition and mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials in example in S1, melting step, being provided by embodiment 5 in table 2 are provided
Prepare raw material, additionally, in the present embodiment, parameter is also different with embodiment 4 in the Homogenization Treatments of step S5.
S5, Homogenization Treatments：Ingot casting is heated to 520 DEG C, 10h is incubated；Then 470 DEG C are reduced the temperature to, insulation 2 is small
When.
Embodiment 6
The production method of the aluminum alloy plate materials that the present embodiment is provided is substantially same as Example 3, and difference is：This reality
The chemical composition and mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials in example in S1, melting step, being provided by embodiment 6 in table 2 are provided
Prepare raw material, additionally, in the present embodiment, eliminating S2, the multistage purification process step in embodiment 4.
Comparative example
Firstth, the selection of the mass percent of the chemical composition of aluminum alloy plate materials
The chemical composition and mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials that each test example of table 3. is provided
The chemical composition and its mass percent of the aluminum alloy plate materials provided according to above-mentioned 8 experimental examples carry out dispensing, and
Method according to the offer of embodiment 1 carries out the processing of aluminum alloy plate materials, that is to say, is added according to conventional production method
Work.Obtained 8 aluminum alloy plate materials are carried out taking longitudinal sample, at room temperature, by ASTM B928 requirements detection aluminum alloy plate materials
Mechanical property, anti intercrystalline corrosion and exfoliation Corrosion and welding performance.Measurement result is as follows：
Performance impact of the chemical composition of the aluminum alloy plate materials of table 4. to aluminum alloy plate materials
By table 4, it is apparent that the tensile strength of embodiment 1~6, yield strength and elongation percentage are higher, tension is strong
, in more than 310MPa, more than 150, elongation percentage is more than 26% for yield strength for degree, and the aluminium that comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are provided
The tensile strength of alloy plate body, yield strength and elongation percentage are significantly less than embodiment 1~6.
The aluminum alloy plate materials that the aluminum alloy plate materials and comparative example 1~2 that embodiment 1~6 is provided are provided are respectively placed in corruption
Longitudinal corrosion depth for being formed after the surface corrosion pattern after 24h and corrosion is soaked in erosion liquid and lateral encroaching depth judges
8 corrosion resistancies of test example.Wherein, surface metal is in block peeling after the aluminum alloy plate materials corrosion that embodiment 1~6 is provided
Sign, meanwhile, the aluminum alloy plate materials of aluminum alloy plate materials corrosion depth and peeling area less than embodiment 1~2 of embodiment 3~6,
And the aluminium alloy plate that the corrosion depth of the aluminum alloy plate materials of comparative example 1~2 and peeling area are provided greatly much larger than embodiment 1~6
Material.
Further, since intensity is relatively low in comparative example, cause surface easy crackle of the aluminum alloy plate materials in 90 ° of bending, and
And welding performance is relatively weak.
As can be seen here, by improving the mass percent of the chemical composition of aluminium alloy plate body, aluminum alloy plate materials can be improved
Tensile strength, yield strength, corrosion resistance, while the cleaner exquisiteness in the surface for enabling aluminum alloy to sheet material.
Secondth, the selection of the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials
Chemical constituent and mass percent according to the aluminum alloy plate materials in table 4 carry out dispensing, and the correspondence of embodiment 1
The production method provided using embodiment 1 processes aluminum alloy plate materials, the production method that the correspondence of embodiment 2 is provided using embodiment 2
Processing aluminum alloy plate materials, the like, the production method processing aluminum alloy plate materials that the correspondence of embodiment 6 is provided using embodiment 6.And
The production method processing aluminum alloy plate materials that comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 are provided using embodiment 3.To obtained 8 aluminium alloy plates
Material carries out the measure of tensile strength, yield strength, longitudinal corrosion depth, lateral encroaching depth, bending ability and weldability, surveys
Determine result as follows：
Performance impact of the production method of the aluminum alloy plate materials of table 5. to aluminum alloy plate materials
By contrast table 4 and table 5, it will be evident that do not change the chemistry of embodiment 1~6 and comparative example 1~2 into
In the case of point, change production method, tensile strength, yield strength, corrosion resistance can be obviously improved, while enabling aluminum alloy to plate
The buckling performance and welding performance of material are more preferably.
3rd, the parameter selection of Homogenization Treatments
In the parameter Selection experiment of Homogenization Treatments, the chemical constituent content in comparative example 3~5 is same as Example 4,
And production method is roughly the same with embodiment 4, its difference be the Homogenization Treatments step in production method has been carried out it is right
Than experiment.Concrete outcome is as follows：
The parameter Selection experiment result of the Homogenization Treatments of table 6.
Aluminium alloy cast ingot without Homogenization Treatments has serious microstructure segregation, and alloy is equal through 570 DEG C × 8h monopoles
After homogenizing treatment, the non-equilibrium phase on crystal boundary has been reduced, and has formed discontinuously arranged, and component segregation is improved；Extension is single
After the time of level Homogenization Treatments (570 DEG C × 12h), the change of its crystal boundary effect is not notable.Increase on the basis of monopole homogenization
The post drop insulation of 480 DEG C × 1h, uniformization effect more preferably, makes solute atoms abundant using the homogenization of higher temperature first
Diffusion, then using two grades of Homogenization Treatments of lower temperature insulation, make second phase particles disperse educt.
4th, the selection of technique is purified
In the Selection experiment of purification technique, the chemical constituent content in comparative example 6~11 is same as Example 4, and
Production method is roughly the same with embodiment 4, and its difference is to have carried out contrast test to the purification technique in production method.Specifically
Result is as follows：
The choice experiment result of the hot rolling technology of table 7.
Requirement to aluminium alloy melt degree of purity, the difference for being typically due to kind and purposes has certain difference.Generally
Hydrogen content requirement is less than 0.2ml/100gAl, but should be in below 0.1ml/100gAl for the aeronautical material of particular/special requirement.Sodium contains
Amount should be in below 5ppm；Non-metallic inclusion is not allow for the particle and aggregation of 1~5Lm sizes, inclusion content it is more low more
It is good.And grain size is measuring for grain size.Combined by upper table, in the present embodiment and use multistage purification technique, make to melt
The hydrogen content and impurity content of body are greatly lowered, while grain size meets 1 grade of requirement.
Embodiments described above is a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Reality of the invention
The detailed description for applying example is not intended to limit the scope of claimed invention, but is merely representative of selected implementation of the invention
Example.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, what those of ordinary skill in the art were obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Every other embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aluminum alloy plate materials, it is characterised in that by mass percentage, its chemical composition includes Si≤0.1%, Fe≤
0.20%, Cu≤0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤
0.10%, balance of Al.
2. aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 1, it is characterised in that by mass percentage, its chemical composition includes
The Si：0.04~0.07%；The Fe：0.12~0.16%；The Cu：0.03~0.09%, the Mn：0.75~
0.8%, the Mg：4.7~4.9%；The Cr：0.13~0.14%, the Zn：0.001~0.014%, the Ti：0.01
~0.02%, the balance of Al.
3. a kind of production method of aluminum alloy plate materials, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy stock is smelted into melt, sampling analysis, control
The chemical composition for making the melt is：Si≤0.1%, Fe≤0.20%, Cu≤0.10%, Mn：0.7~1.0%, Mg：4.7~
4.9%, Cr≤0.16%, Zn≤0.10%, Ti≤0.10%, balance of Al；
It is middle coiled material after annealing by the hot rolled treatment of the aluminium alloy cast ingot by the melt casting into aluminium alloy cast ingot；
Wherein, the aluminium alloy stock includes by mass percentage：Solid aluminium material 35~40%, aluminium scrap material 35~40% and
Electrolyte 20~30%.
4. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that anneal the middle coiled material it
Before, also include：The middle coiled material is carried out cold rolling and be rolled to thickness for 5.01~5.05mm, the road of the cold rolling middle coiled material
It is secondary for once.
5. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the change of the cold rolling middle coiled material
Shape amount is 20~25%.
6. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy casting described in hot rolling treatment
Ingot includes for the aluminium alloy cast ingot being rolled to the middle coiled material that thickness is 6.5~7.5mm, and finishing temperature is 260~320 DEG C.
7. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that aluminium alloy stock bag described in melting
Include：Aluminium alloy stock melting under conditions of 720~750 DEG C, the aluminium alloy stock 50%~60% are molten into aluminium
During liquid, 30~40min is stirred, after the aluminium alloy stock all melts, added as the manganese agent of component additive agent.
8. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that in aluminium alloy stock described in melting
Afterwards, before the melt is cast, also including carrying out multistage purification treatment, the multistage purification treatment bag to the melt
Include：
Gaseous mixture is refined：The melt is gone to and carried out in holding furnace furnace side Ar and Cl2Gaseous mixture is refined；
Degasification removal of impurities：The melt is carried out into melt degasification through SNIF degassing apparatus；Then the foam of 30PPI and 50PPI is made pottery
Porcelain plate is separately heated to 600~750 DEG C, makes that the melt sequentially passes through the 30PPI and the foamed ceramic panel of 50PPI is melted
Body is filtered；And
Crystal grain refinement：Alterant is added toward the melt, the melt is 100 with the mass ratio of the alterant：0.01~
0.03。
9. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that before the hot rolling treatment,
Also include aluminium alloy cast ingot described in Homogenization Treatments：The ingot casting is heated to 480~570 DEG C, 8~12h is incubated；Then by temperature
Degree drops to 460~480 DEG C, is incubated 1~3 hour.
10. the production method of aluminum alloy plate materials according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the annealing middle coiled material bag
Include middle coiled material stretcher strain, stretcher strain amount is 0.5~1.5%, is then made annealing treatment under the conditions of 100~240 DEG C, is protected
Temperature 2~4 hours.
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