CN106916603A - A kind of visual crude dehydrating plant and dewatering - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant and method, device includes ventilating system and dehydrator, the dehydrator includes thermal dehydration system, condensing reflux system and spraying-preventing system, the thermal dehydration system is made up of lid, sample filler, temperature sensor and helical heating pipe on globe valve, flange, glass dehydrator, tetrafluoroethene, and the temperature sensor is connected and is arranged inside glass dehydrator with helical heating pipe；The condensing reflux system is made up of condensation receiver, connecting clamp, silica gel sealing ring and double-deck serpentine condenser；The double-deck serpentine condenser is made up of inner and outer tubes, and said inner tube is formed with helical structure；The spraying-preventing system is made up of U-shaped mozzle, plastic pipe ferrule and blowout prevention recycling bin；The ventilating system is made up of fume hood；The top of the glass dehydrator is divided into column structure, and bottom is divided into cone structure.The device is applied to the dehydration of various light crude oils and heavy crude.

Description

A kind of visual crude dehydrating plant and dewatering

Technical field

It is to be related to a kind of visualization crude oil dehydration dress specifically the invention belongs to Laboratory Crude Oil dehydration device field Put and dewatering.

Background technology

In crude oil dehydration field, common dewatering has the dehydrations such as autoclave, heating sedimentation, heat chemistry, high voltage direct current , there is costs and poor dehydration results, bumping phenomenon, phenomenon cannot be watched, disturbing factor (demulsifier is increased in method.The present apparatus The dewatering type being combined using distillation dehydration and heating sedimentation, it is mainly by thermal dehydration system, condensing reflux system, blowout prevention System, ventilating system are constituted.Whole-process control is carried out to dehydration by operation bench, it is ensured that dewatering operation is safely and fast.Take off The water content of crude oil is respectively less than national normal value 0.4%.The use of thermal dehydration system and spraying-preventing system not only makes dewatering operation More safe efficient and visual operation, and the labour intensity of analysis personnel is greatly alleviated, create bigger economic effect Benefit.

The content of the invention

The invention aims to overcome deficiency of the prior art, there is provided one kind visualizes crude dehydrating plant and takes off Water method.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：

A kind of visual crude dehydrating plant, including ventilating system and dehydrator, the dehydrator include thermal dehydration system, Condensing reflux system and spraying-preventing system, the thermal dehydration system by globe valve, flange, glass dehydrator, tetrafluoroethene lid, Sample filler, temperature sensor and helical heating pipe composition, the temperature sensor are connected and are respectively provided with helical heating pipe Inside glass dehydrator；The condensing reflux system is snakelike cold by condensation receiver, connecting clamp, silica gel sealing ring and bilayer Solidifying pipe composition；The double-deck serpentine condenser is made up of inner and outer tubes, and said inner tube is formed with helical structure；It is described anti- Spray system is made up of U-shaped mozzle, plastic pipe ferrule and blowout prevention recycling bin；The ventilating system is made up of fume hood；The glass The top of dehydrator is divided into column structure, and bottom is divided into cone structure.

The glass material that the glass dehydrator is at least 300 DEG C by tolerable temperature is constituted, and the height of glass dehydrator is The angle of 285-325mm, the column structure and vertebral body structure is 135 °.

The helical heating pipe is provided with least four helical layer structures, and heated height is 35-45mm.

The input voltage of the helical heating pipe is 220v, and power output is 1kw.

A kind of dewatering of visual crude dehydrating plant, comprises the following steps：

(1) sample, including conventional crude, waxy crude oil and emulsified crude oil, oil sample sampling volume is 500-2000mL；

(2) circulator bath is opened, cooling water normal circulation in double-deck serpentine condenser is kept；

(3) initial heating voltage is arranged between 45-55v；

(4) Temperature numerical change is observed in heating process at any time, the state according to oil sample adjusts voltage, specifically includes in time Following steps：

D. observe oil sample state at any time when oil sample temperature is below 100 DEG C, voltage is reduced when oil sample bubbles；

E. when oil sample temperature is more than 100 DEG C, regulation voltage continues to heat up to oil sample, and vapour-liquid mixing is equal when distilling oil sample It is even；

F. when oil sample temperature rises to 180 DEG C, regulation voltage controls temperature between 170 DEG C -190 DEG C, and oil sample is half No fried sound is that can determine whether that dehydration is finished in hour；

(5) finished product sampling, 80 DEG C are cooled to by oil sample temperature, are sampled；

(6) regulating and controlling voltage pointer is adjusted to zero-bit, deenergization is closed recirculated water, terminates dehydration.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect that technical scheme is brought is：

(1) glass dehydrator has visuality, the anomaly that can occur in direct viewing dehydration, more directly That sees is described.

(2) the real crude oil splash that avoids of U-shaped mozzle is damaged to the person in dehydration.

(3) suitable for the dehydration of various light crude oils and heavy crude.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1-1 and Fig. 1-2 are the overall structure diagrams of apparatus of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is the positive structure diagram of apparatus of the present invention dehydrator.

Fig. 3 is spiral heater positive structure diagram.

Reference：1- globe valves, 2- flanges, 3- glass dehydrators are covered, 5- sample fillers, 6- on 4- tetrafluoroethene Temperature sensor, 7- helical heating pipes, 8- condensation receivers, 9- connecting clamps, 10- silica gel sealing rings, the double-deck snakelike condensations of 11- Pipe, 12-U type mozzles, 13- plastic pipe ferrules, 14- blowout prevention recycling bins

Specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：

As shown in Fig. 1-1, Fig. 1-2, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant, including ventilating system and dehydrator, Dehydrator includes thermal dehydration system, condensing reflux system and spraying-preventing system, and thermal dehydration system is by globe valve 1, flange 2, glass Lid 4, sample filler 5, temperature sensor 6 and helical heating pipe 7 are constituted on glass dehydrator 3, tetrafluoroethene, temperature sensor 6 It is connected and is arranged inside glass dehydrator 3 with helical heating pipe 7, helical heating pipe 7 is effectively increased heating surface (area) (HS, makes Sample is heated evenly, and the use of voltage is 220V, power output 1000W, the helical layer of helical heating pipe four, heated height 40mm.

Condensing reflux system is by condensation receiver 8, connecting clamp 9, silica gel sealing ring 10 and double-deck 11 groups of serpentine condenser Into；Double-deck serpentine condenser 11 is made up of inner and outer tubes, and inner tube is formed with helical structure；Spraying-preventing system is by U-shaped water conservancy diversion Pipe 12, plastic pipe ferrule 13 and blowout prevention recycling bin 14 are constituted；U-shaped mozzle 12 has been truly realized to splash oil sample oriented tube control, from Personal security is fundamentally ensure that, ventilating system is made up of (see Fig. 1) fume hood；

Glass dehydrator 3 ensures peace using construction is bored under upper prop using 300 DEG C of glass material of heatproof in the present embodiment Entirely；The a diameter of 140mm of glass dehydrator 3, top reentrant diameter is 114mm, and bottom reentrant diameter is 40mm, is highly 305mm, Centrum and cylinder angle are 135 °, and maximum volume is 2.5L.The top of glass dehydrator 3 is increased using the gland of lid 4 on polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) The seal for having added crude oil to be dehydrated.This dehydration device provides a kind of different oil reservoirs, heterogeneity crude oil of being directed to and is dehydrated pre-treatment. Suitable for each platform and well section crude oil.Crude quality after dehydration is improved, influence is not resulted on oil property, it is ensured that crude oil thing Property analysis reliability.It is a kind of novel energy-conserving, safe efficient and visual crude dehydrating plant.

During specifically used, non-dewatered oil is added glass dehydrator on request, condensation receiver 8 is taken off with glass Hydrophone 3 is connected, and double-deck serpentine condenser 11 is connected in condensation receiver 8, is fixed using connecting clamp 9.Open recirculated water Bath, keeps cooling water normal circulation in cold push pipe, adjusts pressure regulator, is carried out according to following dehydration：

Step one, sampling：

(1) conventional crude, will warm up the oil sample after flowing stirs and pours into dehydrator, and volumetric void fraction is in 500- 2000mL。

(2) waxy crude oil, the oil sample of heating is poured into 2000mL beakers, is poured into dehydrator after stirring, volume Control is in 500-2000mL or so.

(3) emulsified crude oil, the oil sample after heating is poured into 2000mL beakers (can be scooped with spoon), is poured into after stirring de- (heating beaker is needed to flow oil sample if necessary uniform) in hydrophone, volumetric void fraction is in 500-2000mL.

Step 2, installation and voltage-regulation：

(1) condensation receiver (making the oral area of receiver be in close contact with the oral area of dehydrator) is installed, and connects bilayer Serpentine condenser.

(2) circulator bath is opened, cooling water normal circulation in double-deck serpentine condenser is kept.

(3) the pressure regulator pointer in operating platform is adjusted to appropriate location.Voltage should not mistake when typically just beginning to warm up Greatly, under normal circumstances in 50V or so.

Step 3, oil sample dehydration and sampling：

(1) numerical value change of control temperature system should be at any time watched in heating process, the state according to oil sample is adjusted in time Voltage.

A. oil sample observes its state at any time at 100 DEG C, and voltage should be in time turned down at once when oil sample spumes.Waxy crude oil General start regulation voltage observes the change of oil sample in dehydrator in 60V or so, 100 DEG C；Emulsified crude oil is typically started shooting regulation Voltage, in case of oil sample spumes at 100 DEG C, should turn voltage down in 70V or so, and adjustable range is 4~5V or so.

B. oil sample should make oil sample slowly heat up more than 100 DEG C, and now voltage is in 100V or so, when as far as possible distilling oil sample Liquid phase is well mixed.Waxy crude oil easily causes punching boiling if any violent fried sound, should as far as possible turn voltage down, is even switched off；Breast Changing crude oil should turn down voltage if any fried sound, and adjustable range is 5~10V, and not play that acutely fried sound is advisable, (voltage should not be adjusted too Greatly, otherwise temperature drop).

C. when oil sample temperature rises to 180 DEG C, at 180 DEG C or so, half an hour does not fry sound to regulation voltage control temperature And abnormal conditions can determine whether that dehydration is finished.Under normal circumstances：160 DEG C of dehydrations of waxy crude oil are finished, and 140 DEG C of light crude oil has been dehydrated Finish.

(2) finished product sampling, oil sample temperature is cooled to 80 DEG C, prepares sampling (viscous crude can properly increase probe temperature).Act First ready 1000mL beakers will be dehydrated the oil sample for finishing and take out, and beaker bottom is gently knocked several times on the ground in time, Ensure that the moisture of residual stays in beaker bottom.The lightweight oil component in receiver should will be condensed simultaneously, taken out with small beaker, still Touch on the ground several times, it is ensured that the moisture of residual stays in beaker bottom.Light crude oil is first poured into 500mL wide-mouth bottles, then Oil sample is injected in 500mL wide-mouth bottles, unnecessary oil sample is processed in time, poured into unnecessary in waste liquid barrel after the reduction of oil sample temperature.

Step 4, dehydration terminate：

Regulating and controlling voltage pointer is adjusted to zero, deenergization closes recirculated water.

The inventive method carries out dewater treatment to heterogeneity crude oil, and gained comparison data is shown in Table 1.Can be seen by data Crude oil water containing can be seen that oil property does not change far below standard requirement by density, viscosity after going out at this method.

The crude oil dewater treatment comparing of table 1

The present invention is not limited to embodiments described above.Description to specific embodiment above is intended to describe and says Bright technical scheme, above-mentioned specific embodiment is only schematical, is not restricted.This is not being departed from In the case of invention objective and scope of the claimed protection, one of ordinary skill in the art may be used also under enlightenment of the invention The specific conversion of many forms is made, these are belonged within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant, including ventilating system and dehydrator, it is characterised in that the dehydrator includes heating Dewatering system, condensing reflux system and spraying-preventing system, the thermal dehydration system are dehydrated by globe valve (1), flange (2), glass (4), sample filler (5), temperature sensor (6) and helical heating pipe (7) composition, the temperature are covered on device (3), tetrafluoroethene Sensor (6) is connected with helical heating pipe (7) and is arranged inside glass dehydrator (3)；The condensing reflux system is by cold Solidifying receiver (8), connecting clamp (9), silica gel sealing ring (10) and double-deck serpentine condenser (11) composition；The bilayer is snakelike cold Solidifying pipe (11) is made up of inner and outer tubes, and said inner tube is formed with helical structure；The spraying-preventing system is by U-shaped mozzle (12), plastic pipe ferrule (13) and blowout prevention recycling bin (14) are constituted；The ventilating system is made up of fume hood；The glass dehydrator (3) top is divided into column structure, and bottom is divided into cone structure.

2. a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the glass dehydrator (3) is by resistance to The glass material for being at least 300 DEG C by temperature is constituted, and the height of glass dehydrator (3) is 285-325mm, the column structure and The angle of vertebral body structure is 135 °.

3. a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the helical heating pipe (7) is provided with At least four helical layer structures, heated height is 35-45mm.

4. a kind of visual crude dehydrating plant according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the helical heating pipe (7) it is defeated Enter voltage for 220v, power output is 1kw.

5. a kind of dewatering of visual crude dehydrating plant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including following step Suddenly：

(1) sample, including conventional crude, waxy crude oil and emulsified crude oil；

(2) circulator bath is opened, cooling water normal circulation in double-deck serpentine condenser is kept；

(3) initial heating voltage is arranged between 45-55v；

(4) temperature change is observed at any time in heating process, the state according to oil sample adjusts voltage in time, specifically include following step Suddenly：

A. observe oil sample state at any time when oil sample temperature is below 100 DEG C, voltage is reduced when oil sample bubbles；

B. when oil sample temperature is more than 100 DEG C, regulation voltage continues to heat up to oil sample, and vapour-liquid is well mixed when distilling oil sample；

C. when oil sample temperature rises to 180 DEG C, regulation voltage controls temperature between 170 DEG C -190 DEG C, and oil sample is in half an hour Interior is that can determine whether that dehydration is finished without fried sound；

(5) finished product sampling, 80 DEG C are cooled to by oil sample temperature, are sampled；

(6) regulating and controlling voltage pointer is adjusted to zero-bit, deenergization is closed recirculated water, terminates dehydration.

6. a kind of dewatering of visual crude dehydrating plant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that in step (1), oil Sample sampling volume is 500-2000mL.