CN106911055B - A kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar - Google Patents
A kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar Download PDFInfo
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- CN106911055B CN106911055B CN201710156723.4A CN201710156723A CN106911055B CN 106911055 B CN106911055 B CN 106911055B CN 201710156723 A CN201710156723 A CN 201710156723A CN 106911055 B CN106911055 B CN 106911055B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/005—Optical devices external to the laser cavity, specially adapted for lasers, e.g. for homogenisation of the beam or for manipulating laser pulses, e.g. pulse shaping
- H01S3/0092—Nonlinear frequency conversion, e.g. second harmonic generation [SHG] or sum- or difference-frequency generation outside the laser cavity
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/03—Constructional details of gas laser discharge tubes
- H01S3/031—Metal vapour lasers, e.g. metal vapour generation
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/0407—Liquid cooling, e.g. by water
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/02—Constructional details
- H01S3/04—Arrangements for thermal management
- H01S3/041—Arrangements for thermal management for gas lasers
Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar; belong to laser technology field; including the tubular type constant temperature oven being wrapped on the outside of equal diameter mixer tube, vacuum acquisition device, mixer tube both ends are equipped with cooling collar, gas-shielded pipe；Tubular type constant temperature oven is made of resistance wire, ceramics and heat insulation layer；Cooling collar is made of taper inner tube and round jacket pipe, and the big opening end of taper inner tube is connected to mixer tube one end, and cooling circulating water is filled between taper inner tube and round jacket pipe, and the side wall of round jacket pipe is equipped with cooling water into and out of pipe；One end of two gas-shielded pipes is connected to taper inner tube osculum end; the other end distinguishes mounting plane diaphragm or lens, plane quartz diaphragm; gas-shielded pipe side wall is equipped with into and out of tracheae, and air inlet pipe is equipped with needle-valve, and escape pipe is connected with vacuum acquisition device.The mercury vapour pool structure is simple, cost is relatively low, can produce VUV LASER high-intensitive, that stability is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to laser technology fields, and in particular to a kind of four-wave mixing using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar
Mercury vapour pond.
Background technique
VUV LASER (wave-length coverage 120-150nm) can be widely applied to the bases such as atom and molecule, Condensed Matter Physics
Scientific research, it can also be used to the highly sensitive detection of each organic micromolecule even large biological molecule, such as laser splash radiation ionization matter
Spectrum, Ultraluminescence detection.In recent years, the mass spectrum sputtering effect of VUV LASER is more and more paid close attention to by people, this
It is because the photon energy of VUV LASER is higher.Pass through this light source, it is most likely that obtain the matter of larger quality molecules
Spectrum information.The optical maser wavelength is shorter than visible light, ultraviolet light simultaneously, and the spatial discrimination for realizing sub-micron can be focused by laser,
For studying biological sample, especially unicellular mass spectrum imaging analysis provides a new tool.If but to realize sub-micro
Rice focusing effect, it is desirable that the VUV LASER single pulse energy of generation need to be up to tens micro- joules.
There are mainly three types of the vacuum-ultraviolet lights that mode obtains above-mentioned higher-strength at present: synchrotron radiation light source, free electron
Laser, four wave mixing technology.The above two devices it is expensive, it is bulky and complicated, it is inconvenient for use；And it is mixed by four waves
Frequency generates VUV LASER, relatively easy to accomplish.
VUV LASER technology is generated based on four-wave mixing to rise in nineteen seventies, general four-wave mixing choosing
The medium selected mainly has the inert gases such as Kr gas, Xe gas, Ar gas, but the VUV LASER low efficiency generated, close to million points
One of.In addition, mercury vapour also can be used as four-wave mixing medium, the mixing efficiency generated is up to 1%.At this stage, it realizes
Mercury vapour four-wave mixing is divided into focusing or non-focusing method.The former needs a branch of or two beam laser to focus on mixing pond, passes through
Two-photon resonance technology realizes four-wave mixing, and wherein beam of laser wavelength is fixed, and it is tunable to change another beam optical maser wavelength generation
VUV LASER.Since two-photon resonance is easy to be saturated, the method is difficult to generate high-intensitive VUV LASER；And
The latter uses three beams collimation laser, wherein two beam optical maser wavelengths are fixed on resonance level, in addition beam of laser wavelength realizes tuning,
Saturation effect is smaller, can get the VUV LASER light source of tens micro- joules of single pulse energy.
Relatively common mercury vapour pond design scheme comes from R.Wallenstein seminar (Hilbig, R.and
R.Wallenstein.IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics 19 (12): 1759-1770.), they design
Mercury vapour pond be suitble to focus method realize four-wave mixing, mainly contain heating tube, the side connecting with heating tube both ends
Pipe.Wherein by an aperture connection between heating tube and side pipe, side pipe outside winds cooling water pipe, can effectively realize mercury
The condensing reflux of steam.But the heating tube length is shorter (20mm), causes four-wave mixing action length shorter, and mercury vapour pond
In a closed state, it is difficult to obtain stable high-intensity vacuum ultraviolet laser.
High-intensity vacuum is generated by mercury vapour pond using three beams collimation laser currently, only reporting there are two seminar's class
Ultraviolet laser.One be A Smith et al. seminar (Muller, C., et al.Optics Letters 13 (8): 651,
1988).They design a length of 1.1m in mercury vapour pond, pond body, both ends diaphragm, vacuum meter etc. all in a constant temperature oven,
The device volume is huge, mercury vapour pond is in closed state, therefore it is using very inconvenient.Another is Davis et al.
Seminar (Albert, D.R., et al.Review of Scientific Instruments 84 (6): 063104,2013).
For the mercury vapour pond four-wave mixing action length that they use for 600mm, mixer tube is a reclinate stainless steel tube, pipe
Center swathes heating tape, heats mixer tube, no temperature control function, it is difficult to ensure that constant temperature by adjusting the voltage on heating tape
Effect；Copper pipe by both ends around logical cooling water realizes cooling, but condensation effect is poor.The mercury of the two seminars design steams
Gas pond in operation, cannot learn mercury vapour in the vacuum degree of different location.
Summary of the invention
It is a kind of using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling the purpose of the invention is to overcome the shortcoming of prior art to provide
The four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond of casing.Mercury vapour pool structure of the invention is simple, cost is relatively low, can produce high-intensitive, stability
Good VUV LASER.
A kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar, comprising: be wrapped in equal diameter mixing
Tubular type constant temperature oven on the outside of pipe, vacuum acquisition device, in cooling collar, the gas-shielded pipe that mixer tube both ends are equipped with；It is special
Sign is that the tubular type constant temperature oven is made of resistance wire, ceramics and heat insulation layer, the size of the tubular type constant temperature oven intracavity sidewall and mixed
Frequency pipe side wall dimensions match；The cooling collar at the every end of mixer tube is made of taper inner tube and cylindrical jacket pipe, cone
The big opening end of shape inner tube is connected to mixer tube one end, and recirculated cooling water, circle are filled between taper inner tube and cylindrical jacket pipe
Cooling water is respectively equipped on the side wall of cylindricality outer tube into and out of pipe；Two gas-shielded pipe one end at the mixer tube both ends are equal
It is connected to respectively with the taper inner tube osculum end at the end, the other end mounting plane diaphragm or lens of a gas-shielded pipe, it should
The material of plane window piece or lens is magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride, the other end mounting plane quartz window of another gas-shielded pipe
Mouth piece；It is respectively equipped with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe on two gas-shielded pipe side walls, wherein air inlet pipe is equipped with control protection gas
The needle-valve of body flow, escape pipe are connected with vacuum acquisition device.
The tubular type constant temperature oven also includes two thermocouple thermo detectors for being respectively used to detection mixing tube hub and end region temperature,
The measurement error of the tubular type constant temperature oven is 1 degree Celsius.
The vacuum acquisition device is made of solenoid valve and vortex dry pump, escape pipe described in the switch control by solenoid valve
With the connection of the vortex dry pump.
The mercury vapour pond further includes two Capacitance Diaphragm Gauges, one of them is located in the middle part of mixer tube, another abuts institute
State the setting of plane quartz diaphragm.
The mercury vapour pond further includes the mercury vapour recyclable device being arranged between the escape pipe and vacuum acquisition device,
The mercury vapour recyclable device is a cylindrical body stainless steel barrel, copper mesh is filled up in bucket, through hot mercury vapour derived from escape pipe by this
Copper mesh absorbs or condensation.
The features of the present invention and the utility model has the advantages that
1, a whole set of mercury vapour pond is made of stainless steel, easy to process, lower production costs.
2, a whole set of mercury vapour pond introduces tubular type constant temperature oven and heats to mixer tube, make mercury vapour compared with existing mercury vapour pond
It is more evenly distributed, to the air pressure multiple spot monitoring in mercury vapour pond, makes mercury vapour better using both ends inner-cooled water-cooling method
Condensation, to obtain high-intensitive vacuum ultraviolet light output.In addition, avoiding environmental pollution by the recycling to mercury vapour.
3, the high-intensity vacuum ultraviolet light generated by the mercury vapour pond is, it can be achieved that VUV LASER sputtering experiment, right
The mass signal of material, biological sample, particularly miniature scale sample (such as unicellular) is detected, and is high-space resolution mass spectrum
Imaging provides tool.Simultaneously can be used for the scientific researches such as spectral detection or civil field and be generalized to environmental monitoring, military science,
The fields such as astronomical observation, biomedicine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram in four-wave mixing mercury vapour provided by the invention pond；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention provides the three beams of laser four-wave mixing realization high-intensity vacuum ultraviolet laser output of example.
Specific embodiment
A kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond proposed by the present invention is made further specifically with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments
It is bright.
A kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar proposed by the present invention, overall structure is such as
Shown in Fig. 1, comprising: be wrapped in the tubular type constant temperature oven 2 in 1 outside of equal diameter mixer tube, vacuum acquisition device, at 1 both ends of mixer tube
It is equipped with cooling collar 3, gas-shielded pipe 4；Wherein, tubular type constant temperature oven 2 is made of resistance wire, ceramics and heat insulation layer, can more than
Lower unlatching, the tubular type constant temperature oven is hollow, and size and 1 side wall dimensions of mixer tube of intracavity sidewall match；The every end of the mixer tube 1
Cooling collar 3 be made of taper inner tube 3-1 and cylindrical jacket pipe 3-2, the big opening end of taper inner tube 3-1 and mixer tube 1
One end connection, is filled with recirculated cooling water, the side of cylindrical jacket pipe 3-2 between taper inner tube 3-1 and cylindrical jacket pipe 3-2
Cooling water inlet pipe 3-3 and cooling water outlet tube 3-4 are respectively equipped on wall；Two 4 one end of gas-shielded pipe at 1 both ends of mixer tube
It is connected to respectively with the taper inner tube 3-1 osculum end at the end, the other end mounting plane diaphragm or saturating of a gas-shielded pipe 4
The material of mirror 6, the plane window piece or lens 6 is magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride, and the other end installation of another gas-shielded pipe 4 is flat
Face quartz window piece 5；Air inlet pipe 4-1 and escape pipe 4-2 are respectively equipped on two 4 side walls of gas-shielded pipe, on air inlet pipe 4-1
Needle-valve 11 equipped with control shield gas flow rate, escape pipe 4-2 are connected with vacuum acquisition device.
In order to realize thermostatic control, the tubular type constant temperature oven also includes two thermocouple thermo detectors, is respectively used to detection mixing
The temperature at pipe 1 center and end guarantees that 1 center of mixer tube is identical with both ends temperature by circuit control.The tubular type constant temperature oven
Measurement error is 1 degree Celsius, and constant temperature range is 0-1000 degrees Celsius, effective length 300-600mm.
The effective outer diameter of cooling collar 3 at the every end of the mixer tube 1 is 30-60mm, and effective length is 100-300mm.
Cooling water inlet pipe 3-3 and cooling water outlet pipe 3-4 is respectively welded in the cylindrical jacket pipe 3-2 top and bottom sidewall of cooling collar 3, it is effectively outer
Diameter is 4-8mm, is passed through 16-24 between the taper inner tube and cylindrical jacket pipe of cooling collar 3 into and out of pipe by cooling water and takes the photograph
The recirculated cooling water of family name's degree, mercury vapour are fallen back to mixed again after contact taper inner tube is cooled to liquid due to gravity
In frequency pipe 1.
The gas-shielded pipe 4 at the every end of the mixer tube 1 is all made of stainless steel tube and is made, and effective outer diameter is 30-60mm,
Effective length is 100-200mm.Protective gas (Ar gas or He gas) is imported from the air inlet pipe 4-1 close to diaphragm, from leaning on
The escape pipe 4-2 export of nearly taper inner tube osculum end setting.Four-wave mixing not only may be implemented by importing Ar gas or He gas
It is required that phase-matching condition, and can prevent mercury vapour from condensing on the eyeglass at mercury vapour pond both ends and polluting eyeglass, make
The case where being reduced at VUV LASER percent of pass.
The vacuum acquisition device is made of solenoid valve 8 and vortex dry pump 9, and vortex dry pump 9 passes through solenoid valve 8 and escape pipe
4-2 connection.Pass through the switch control escape pipe 4-2 of solenoid valve 8 and the connection of vortex dry pump 9；Helium is adjusted by control needle-valve 11
The flow velocity of gas or argon gas, to control the vacuum degree in mercury vapour pond.
Mercury vapour pond of the present invention is additionally provided with two for measuring the Capacitance Diaphragm Gauge 10 of air pressure, one of them is located at mixer tube
1 middle part, another is arranged against plane quartz diaphragm 5, the vacuum degree of real-time monitoring mercury vapour pond middle part and end.
It is recycled in addition, mercury vapour pond of the invention can also be equipped with mercury vapour between escape pipe 4-2 and vacuum acquisition device
Device 7, the mercury vapour recyclable device are a cylindrical body stainless steel barrel, copper mesh are filled up in bucket, through hot mercury derived from escape pipe 4-2
Steam is absorbed or is condensed by the copper mesh, prevents mercury vapour from polluting environment.
The course of work in mercury vapour pond of the present invention is described as follows:
Liquid mercury is added into mixer tube 1 by a stainless steel pipe in mercury vapour pond left end first, is then steamed in mercury
Distinguish mounting plane quartz window piece 5 and a plane window piece or lens 6 in gas pond left and right ends, so that mercury vapour pond structure
At a closed space.The cooling collar 3 that cooling water is passed through to 1 both ends of mixer tube enters from water inlet pipe 3-3, from water outlet
Pipe 3-4 comes out, and constantly recycles, so that mercury vapour condenses in taper inner tube 3-1, then flows back into mixer tube under gravity
1, to realize long-term stable experiment effect.
The stainless steel tube of 7 lower section of mercury vapour recyclable device is connected to a vortex dry pump 9, and mercury vapour pond is evacuated,
Then the flow of Ar gas or He gas into mercury vapour pond is adjusted by control needle-valve 11.
Then mixer tube 1 is heated by tubular type constant temperature oven 2, the three beams generated using commercial dyes laser is parallel
Light, by non-focusing mode by the plane quartz diaphragm 5 of the incidence end in mercury vapour pond, with the mercury vapour in mixer tube 1
Four-wave mixing effect is generated, the corresponding wavelength of laser beam of entrance is adjusted, high intensity is can produce, stablizes tunable vacuum
Ultraviolet laser (120-150nm).
VUV LASER embodiment is generated using three beams collimated light non-focusing four-wave mixing:
In the present embodiment, 4mL liquid mercury, the plane magnesium fluoride window of mercury vapour pond left end installation are injected in mixer tube 1
Piece 6 and 5 diameter of plane quartz diaphragm of right end installation are 25.4mm, cooling water inlet pipe 3-3's and cooling water outlet pipe 3-4
Internal diameter and outer diameter are respectively 12.5mm, 17mm.Gas-shielded pipe 4 and mercury vapour recyclable device 7 pass through internal diameter 4mm, outer diameter 6mm
Stainless steel escape pipe 4-2 connection.Monitor the measurement Cheng Jun at the both ends in mercury vapour pond and the Capacitance Diaphragm Gauge 10 of middle part vacuum degree
For 0-5000Pa, the vacuum degree in this example is 600Pa.Outer diameter 187mm, the internal diameter 42mm of tubular type constant temperature oven, constant temperature range
It is 0 to 1000 degrees Celsius, error is 1 degree Celsius, effective length 470mm, and mixer tube 1 is heated to 230 using tubular type constant temperature oven
Degree Celsius.Internal diameter 30mm, other end 26mm of the taper inner tube 3-1 close to 1 one end of mixer tube, cylindrical jacket in cooling collar 3
Pipe 3-2 internal diameter 45mm, outer diameter 49mm, an outer diameter 17mm, internal diameter 12.5mm are welded not in the hole of upper and lower mono- 12.5mm of Ge Kai
Become rusty steel pipe, for connecting cooling water.
Three beams collimated light is passed through mercury vapour pond, laser spot diameter is 5mm, repetition rate 20Hz, pulsewidth 6ns, hair
Dissipate angle 0.5mrad.The three beams of laser energy is respectively 255nm (energy level transition 61S → 63P corresponding to mercury atom), 4mJ/
pulse；404nm (the energy level transition 6 corresponding to Hg atom3P→7 1S),10mJ/pulse；631nm,15mJ/pulse.It generates
VUV LASER wavelength be 125.4nm, detected with photoelectric converter, intensity is illustrated in fig. 2 shown below (16 subpulses average),
X- coordinate is detector response time in figure, and y- coordinate is the voltage detected using photodiode, and calibration ratio is 1.6 micro- cokes
Ear/V, the energy of generation are about 100 micro- joule/pulse.When third beam optical wavelength is converted from 520---850nm, corresponds to and produce
Raw VUV wavelength changes to 132nm from 120nm.
The mercury vapour pond is applicable not only to three-beam non-focusing, apply also for two beam light non-focusings and three-beam focus,
The resonant checks four-wave mixing methods such as two beam light focus and single beam focuses.Four-wave mixing method is focused for two beam light, wherein
2 overtones bands of light beam and an energy level of mercury resonate, and the second beam light enters mercury vapour pond by a lens and realizes that four waves are mixed
Frequently；For the single beam type of focusing, 313nm is obtained by frequency multiplication using the laser of 626nm, then pass through two-photon resonance method,
626nm and 313nm is entered into mercury vapour pond by a lens and realizes four-wave mixing.
More than, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is any to be familiar with sheet
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art, should all cover
Within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of protection defined by the claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of four-wave mixing mercury vapour pond using tubular type constant temperature oven and cooling collar, comprising: be wrapped in equal diameter mixer tube
The tubular type constant temperature oven in outside, vacuum acquisition device, in cooling collar, the gas-shielded pipe that mixer tube both ends are equipped with；Its feature
Be, the tubular type constant temperature oven is made of resistance wire, ceramics and heat insulation layer, the size of the tubular type constant temperature oven intracavity sidewall be mixed
Pipe side wall dimensions match；The cooling collar at the every end of mixer tube is made of taper inner tube and cylindrical jacket pipe, taper
The big opening end of inner tube is connected to mixer tube one end, and recirculated cooling water, cylinder are filled between taper inner tube and cylindrical jacket pipe
Cooling water is respectively equipped on the side wall of shape outer tube into and out of pipe；Two gas-shielded pipe one end at the mixer tube both ends are divided equally
It is not connected to the taper inner tube osculum end at the end, the other end mounting plane diaphragm or lens of a gas-shielded pipe, this is flat
The material of face diaphragm or lens is magnesium fluoride or lithium fluoride, the other end mounting plane quartz window of another gas-shielded pipe
Piece；It is respectively equipped with air inlet pipe and an air outlet pipe on two gas-shielded pipe side walls, wherein air inlet pipe is equipped with control protective gas
The needle-valve of flow, escape pipe are connected with vacuum acquisition device.
2. four-wave mixing mercury vapour as described in claim 1 pond, which is characterized in that the tubular type constant temperature oven also includes two points
The thermocouple thermo detector of mixing tube hub and end region temperature Yong Yu not be detected, the measurement error of the tubular type constant temperature oven is 1 degree Celsius.
3. four-wave mixing mercury vapour as described in claim 1 pond, which is characterized in that the vacuum acquisition device by solenoid valve and
Vortex dry pump is constituted, the connection of escape pipe and the vortex dry pump described in the switch control by solenoid valve.
4. four-wave mixing mercury vapour as described in claim 1 pond, which is characterized in that the mercury vapour pond further includes two capacitors
Film rule, one of them is located in the middle part of mixer tube, another is arranged against the plane quartz diaphragm.
5. four-wave mixing mercury vapour as described in claim 1 pond, which is characterized in that the mercury vapour pond further includes being arranged in institute
The mercury vapour recyclable device between escape pipe and vacuum acquisition device is stated, which is a cylindrical body stainless steel
Barrel, copper mesh is filled up in bucket, is absorbed or is condensed by the copper mesh through hot mercury vapour derived from escape pipe.
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| CN108321664B (en) * | 2018-03-22 | 2020-04-03 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Open-loop flowing heat-dissipation alkali metal vapor laser gain generator |
| CN109038183B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2020-06-12 | 西南技术物理研究所 | Enclosed steam pool system for high-cooling-efficiency grid-shaped high-power alkali metal laser |
| CN111220294B (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2021-07-16 | 中国科学院力学研究所 | TDLAS temperature calibration system and method based on three-section type tube furnace |
| CN113851912B (en) * | 2021-08-06 | 2023-11-21 | 西南技术物理研究所 | Temperature control type vapor pool for end-pumped alkali metal vapor laser |
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| JP2002033540A (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2002-01-31 | Lambda Physik Ag | Laser system |
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| CN104040808A (en) * | 2011-06-30 | 2014-09-10 | Oe电波公司 | Compact optical atomic clocks and applications based on parametric nonlinear optical mixing in whispering gallery mode optical resonators |
| CN103531992A (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2014-01-22 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-voltage window-replaceable laser generating gas cell based on stimulated Raman scattering effect |
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