CN106908702A - Composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test method, the left end of base is installed with cistern, rotating shaft cloche is installed with the step of the box house lower surface, the inside of the rotating shaft cloche is provided with the incidence regulating mechanism for adjusting insulator angle of inclination to be tested, the clamping device for clamping insulator is installed in the end of incidence regulating mechanism, injection device for calibrated shot liquid is installed on the support of clamping device side, the injection device is arranged on syringe height adjustment mechanism, the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, the support of the clamping device side is also equipped with camera head.This experimental machine can be used in studying composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing and the relation between surrounding electric field and local environment, and corresponding result of the test is obtained by experiment, and the theoretical research to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing mechanism provides test basis.

Description

Composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine and test method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface property testing machine, particularly composite insulator umbrella skirt surface is covered Ice testing machine.

Background technology

Insulator is the important component of overhead transmission line, and the flexibility or rigidity for electric conductor and equipment is supported And conductor and equipment are dielectrically separated from ground or other wires and equipment, therefore, the mechanical performance and electrical resistance of insulator The safe and stable operation of transmission line of electricity can be have impact on.Covering ice for insulator is one of the reason for being done great damage to power system, Serious icing can cause electric transmission line isolator electric property drastically to decline, and so as to cause the generation of arcing fault, or even cause The accident such as disconnected bar of tower.Current some research units are all that covering for whole insulator chain is studied using large-scale phjytotron Ice condition condition, also does not go out to be now able to the testing machine of the research single insulator umbrella surface icing of comparison system, and for full skirt The experimental study of surface icing mechanism, existing phjytotron can not reach the requirement of test accuracy.Therefore need at design Can analog insulation in different humidity, the experimental facilities of the freezing environment of temperature, and record the dynamic process of icing, so as to Follow-up study.

The content of the invention

The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, this experiment function It is enough in research composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing and surrounding electric field and local environment（Temperature, humidity）Etc. between condition Relation, corresponding result of the test is obtained by experiment, and the theoretical research to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing mechanism provides examination Test foundation.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes following technical scheme：The icing examination of composite insulator umbrella skirt surface Test machine, it is characterised in that：It includes base, and the left end of the base is installed with cistern, and the cistern passes through pipeline It is connected with solenoid electric valve, the solenoid electric valve is also connected with air admission hole and pump on casing respectively, the port of export of pump connects Connecting pump tube road；Casing is installed with the base, the cistern is connected with the pond water intaking valve on cabinet exterior；It is described The right-hand member of base is installed with air compressor, and the air compressor is connected with condenser pipe, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on case The inside of body；Rotating shaft cloche, the inside of the rotating shaft cloche are installed with the step of the box house lower surface Incidence regulating mechanism for adjusting insulator angle of inclination to be tested is installed, use is installed in the end of incidence regulating mechanism In the clamping device of clamping insulator, the syringe dress for calibrated shot liquid is installed on the support of clamping device side Put, the injection device is arranged on syringe height adjustment mechanism, and the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, described The support of clamping device side is also equipped with camera head, and being provided with inside the clamping device can produce the electric field of electric field to send out Generating apparatus.

The casing front portion is provided with the transparent chamber door that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is provided with system control and display dress Put, case lid is by being fixedly mounted on the top of casing；The position that the back of the casing is corresponding with air compressor is provided with Radiator window；The casing uses double layer hollow structure, multiple casing air admission holes is machined with its internal layer sidewall, in hollow space Thermal insulation layer is installed, exhaust passage is formed between thermal insulation layer；Described exhaust passage one end is connected with casing air admission hole, the other end It is connected with pump line road；Hollow rhone is provided with box house lower surface, the rhone is connected with cistern.

The incidence regulating mechanism includes shaft base, and the shaft base is fixedly mounted on the base plate of casing, and position Rotating shaft fixed block, the rotating shaft fixed block and rotating shaft bottom are installed at the top of the lower section of rotating shaft cloche, the shaft base Seat is internal to be rotatably provided with L-type rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft positioning for axially position is machined with the horizontal segment of the L-type rotating shaft Step, one end of the shaft base is provided with dial, and the L-type turns the tip of the axis and is provided with rotating shaft disk, in rotating shaft disk Wheel rim is provided with rotating shaft index, and the rotating shaft index is engaged the anglec of rotation of mark L-type rotating shaft with dial, in rotating shaft A circular locating openings are machined with disk, rotating shaft disk locking wheel is installed on the location hole, when rotating shaft disk locking wheel is tightened, can Prevent rotating shaft disk and axis of rotation.

The clamping device includes contiguous block, and the contiguous block is fixedly mounted on the L-type rotating shaft top of incidence regulating mechanism, The top side of the contiguous block is installed with fixture and determines block, and the other end for determining block in fixture is hinged with fixture motion block, described The retractable connection of block is determined in the another side of fixture motion block by trip bolt and fixture, and fixture bullet is provided with its faying face Spring.

The injection device includes injection device support, the injection device support to be fixedly mounted on casing small On the step on surface, camera head is installed on the madial wall of the injection device support, syringe passes through syringe card It is fixed in the groove of syringe fixed block, inside syringe piston rod one end insertion syringe, the other end is lived by syringe Plug fixing nut be pressed on piston movement sliding block groove in, syringe piston rod can with piston move sliding block and on move down It is dynamic；The first cooperation V-type face in the first V-type face and syringe fixed block on piston movement sliding block constitutes and is slidably matched, described Screwed hole and a screw rod on piston movement sliding block constitute screw-driven and coordinate, and a screw rod is passed through in a crossbeam Hole extend and under in the hole on syringe fixed block, two bolt and nuts are located at a crossbeam upper/lower terminal respectively, use In a vertical motion for screw rod is limited, a screw rod is set to rotate.

The syringe piston rod inside uses hollow-core construction, and hollow round platform is provided with its lower end, pacifies inside round platform Equipped with piston sheet, the piston sheet is pressed at the shoulder of top by piston spring, and piston block is arranged on syringe piston by screw On bar, round platform bottom is machined with circular hole, and flexible pipe is tied outside the hole inside syringe piston rod；The flexible pipe is fixed on the top of case lid Portion, the upper end connecting water pipe of flexible pipe.

The syringe height adjustment mechanism includes mobile sliding block, and the mobile sliding block is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block Fixed step at, the second cooperation V-type face in the second V-type face and injection device support on mobile sliding block is engaged, and makes shifting Movable slider can only be slided up and down in the cooperation V-type of second in injection device support face, and the mobile sliding block is matched somebody with somebody with No. two screw rods Internal thread is machined with arc surface at conjunction, and constitutes screw-driven cooperation, No. two crossbeams are by being fixedly mounted on injection device The top of support, No. two screw rods through the hole in No. two crossbeams extend and under in the hole on injection device support, two No. two Bolt and nut is located at No. two crossbeams up and down respectively, for limiting No. two motions of screw rod in the vertical direction, makes No. two screw rods only Can rotate；Mobile sliding block and injection device support front side are respectively provided with mobile sliding block graduated scale and support graduated scale, two scales Chi cooperates, and the top of No. two screw rods passes through case lid, and is provided with knob in its end, and No. two screw rods are rotated manually, Adjust the syringe needle point of injection device to the distance on insulator umbrella surface.

The transmission mechanism includes chain-wheel box, and the chain-wheel box is fixed on the top of case lid, the top peace of the chain-wheel box Equipped with sprocket wheel case lid, motor is installed in the top braces of sprocket wheel case lid, the main shaft of the motor is connected with the rotating shaft of rotation dish Transmitting torque, the rotation dish is arranged on inside chain-wheel box, and square collision block is fixed with the excircle of rotation dish, described square Collision block is engaged with the striker for being fixed on wheel disc upper surface, is located on wheel disc below square collision block and is provided with prominent V blocks, institute State prominent V blocks to coordinate with the spring card being arranged on chain-wheel box, the inclined-plane of the spring card front end matches with prominent V blocks Close, head sprocket is also equipped with the rotating shaft of the wheel disc；The head sprocket constitutes Chain conveyer by chain and speed-changing chain, described Screw thread is formed with speed-changing chain center hole, and is engaged with the screw thread on the outside of a screw rod, constituted worm drive and coordinate, it is described Chain is connected with gear；The gear includes crank, and the afterbody of the crank is arranged in chain-wheel box by rotating shaft, And can be slided along rotating shaft, be separately installed with the minor sprocket of an activity on two axles in the middle of crank, chain bypass simultaneously two it is small Sprocket wheel, and crank is connected by crank spring with sprocket wheel chamber interior wall；The crank can rotate bent around the axis of rotation of its afterbody Handle on handle, the deep-slotted chip breaker that handle can be covered along chain-wheel box is moved, while rotating counterclockwise handle downwards by or outwards Pull out, you can chain is changed between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain.

The box house is provided with temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature-humidity sensor respectively with system control System and display device are connected, and for the temperature and humidity in detection case body, control and display device are fed back to, then using control And the temperature and humidity in display device regulation box body；Solenoid electric valve connection control and display device, by control and Display device can control solenoid electric valve, allow pump individually to the steam that gasification is injected in casing, it is also possible to individually to Injection air in casing.

The test method of any one ice-coating test machine, comprises the following steps：

Step one：Composite insulator is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, not same district is simulated with this Corrosion condition of the environment to insulator under the conditions of domain；Or artificial damage is carried out to full skirt surface, full skirt table is simulated with this The degree of impairment in face；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, forms exhausted Edge sample；

Step 2：The valve on flexible pipe is opened, motor is opened, inverts electric machine main shaft, now in head sprocket, chain, speed varying chain In the presence of wheel, a screw rod reversion, piston movement sliding block drives syringe piston rod to move upwards, and piston is opened on experiment liquid top Piece, into inside syringe, after experiment liquid is full of syringe, closes motor；

Step 3：Chamber door is opened, the trip bolt on fixture is unclamped, in the presence of clamp spring, fixture determines block and fixture is dynamic Block is separated, and the plug installs fixture of the insulator sample lower end after treatment is determined between block, fixture motion block, tightens trip bolt, Insulator sample can be clamped；

Step 4：Turn clockwise rotating shaft disk locking wheel, the inclined angle in insulator umbrella surface according to required by experiment, rotation Walk around reel, the inclined angle in full skirt surface is set by rotating shaft index and dial, rotate counterclockwise rotating shaft disk locking wheel, Fixed L-type rotating shaft, prevents it from rotating；

Step 5：Drop according to required by experiment rotates the nut on No. two screw rods to the height on insulator umbrella surface, leads to Cross the scale of the relative position for moving sliding block graduated scale and support graduated scale to set the height of requirement of experiment, close chamber door；

Step 5：The environmental condition of the insulator umbrella surface icing according to required by experiment, by system control and display dress Put, the temperature of box house is set；The steam or soda acid water smoke required to box house injection experimentses by pump are logical before experiment The liquid crossed needed for pond water intaking valve adds experiment to cistern, simulated test requirement soda acid, damp condition；

Step 6：Whether needed to study influence of the electric field action to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment, led to Cross on insulator sample holding device produce electric field device, operator can according to simulation condition, control system control and Display device, selection loads the electric field of certain value or is not loaded with electric field；

Step 7：Open camera head, the process of record composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also be observed by people Examine some experimentations；

Step 8：Motor is opened, electric machine main shaft is rotated forward, the square shape block of the rotation plate edge being connected with main shaft clashes into striker, Wheel disc is set to be rotated a circle in the presence of inertia force, until when the prominent V blocks on wheel disc top edge go to spring card, by spring Card stops and stops operating that clash into striker again after the square shape block for rotating plate edge is rotated one week, wheel disc is rotated again One week, the intermittent operation of wheel disc and its head sprocket is realized with this；In the presence of head sprocket, chain, speed-changing chain, a spiral shell Bar is rotated forward, and piston movement sliding block drives syringe piston rod to move downward the motion for doing batch (-type), make drop it is isometric from note Emitter needle point drips to insulator umbrella surface.

The method have the advantages that：

When needing to carry out ice-coating test to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface, insulator is cut into pieces first, each section of umbrella There is one section of plug under skirt, fixture clamping plug carrys out the sub- sample of fixed insulation, through certain density acid, aqueous slkali soaking or to its table Face is arranged on testing machine after being processed, and electric field, Control experiment machine are loaded inside insulator fixture and spindle portion System is controlled and display device, the condition such as temperature, humidity, electric field required by regulation to experiment, motor is opened, in syringe Drop, also can wherein add different liquids in injection, such as acid, alkalescence, can slowly one after another drop of drip to insulator umbrella table Face, due to the cryogenic conditions in case, falls in the different insulator surface for the treatment of conditions, and the situation of icing is also different, can be by taking the photograph As the dynamic process that device record freezes.

Chain can be made to be operated on the speed-changing chain of different radii by controlling the handle on crank, be rotated in head sprocket In the case of one week, the number of turns that speed-changing chain is rotated can change, the rotation number of turns of be threadedly coupled therewith a screw rod Respective change, so that influence piston to move the distance that sliding block and piston decline, to control the size of each of the droplets；Also can be by control The speed of motor processed controls the speed of drips.Each motion of whole testing machine is in the absence of situation about interfering with each other.Treat After the testing machine completes experiment, the record of observation insulator umbrella surface icing process, and respectively by under different experimental conditions Experimental result is analyzed, and influence of the various factors to insulator umbrella surface icing under real operating mode is probed into this.

Above-mentioned testing machine includes base, and the left end of base is installed with cistern, and cistern is by pipeline and electromagnetism control Valve processed is connected, while solenoid electric valve is also connected with air admission hole and pump on casing respectively, the port of export connection pump line road of pump； Casing is fixedly mounted on base by screw, has a pipeline to be connected with the pond water intaking valve on casing on cistern；Base Right-hand member is provided with air compressor by screw, and air compressor is connected by pipeline with condenser pipe, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on On casing, radiator window is installed at casing rear air compressor；Can be to box house ceaselessly by said structure design Injection steam or air, with the damp condition required for guarantee test, while constantly can also freeze to box house, to protect Temperature conditionss required for confirmatory test.

Above-mentioned casing front portion is provided with the transparent chamber door that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is provided with system control and display dress Put, case lid is fixedly mounted on the top of casing by screw；Can be in observation box house situation by said structure device Meanwhile, the condition required for convenient regulation experiment.

Above-mentioned interior is provided with the casing air admission hole of many circles, for injecting steam or sky to box house Gas；Hollow rhone is formed with box house lower surface, rhone is connected by pipeline with cistern, inside can have been used Water is expelled back into cistern；A rotating shaft cloche is mounted by means of screws with step on box house lower surface, to prevent Supercooled water is dropped on the rotatable parts below rotating shaft cloche and freezes and influence axis of rotation；Can by said structure device With to provide corresponding damp condition in casing.

Above-mentioned box house is hollow, and hollow space is mounted with thermal insulation layer, and exhaust passage, passage are formed with the middle of thermal insulation layer One end is connected with the casing air admission hole on casing, and the other end is connected with the pump line road for being connected pump, so that air or steam are arranged Enter box house；A metastable temperature conditionss can be provided by said structure device for box house.

Shaft base, rotating shaft fixed block and rotating shaft bottom are mounted by means of screws with above-mentioned box house rotating shaft cloche Seat just uses mode connects for screw, is internally formed a hole for having locating slot, and rotating shaft is passed through, and the rotating shaft positioning step in rotating shaft Coordinate with the locating slot inside hole, prevent rotating shaft from being moved along the direction in hole in hole；Shaft base left end has a dial, turns Axle left end fixes a rotating shaft disk, can together be rotated with rotating shaft, rotating shaft index on rotating shaft disk, when pointer straight up when, Rotating shaft right end vertical is upward；There are a circular locating openings on rotating shaft disk, the screw fit with rotating shaft disk locking wheel front end turns when tightening Reel locking wheel, can prevent rotating shaft disk and axis of rotation；The inclined angle of insulator umbrella can be controlled by said structure device Degree, is easy to research water droplet and influence of the surface action angle to icing mechanism.

Above-mentioned rotating shaft right end vertical part is fixedly connected with contiguous block, and the contiguous block left side is installed with fixture and determines block, folder Tool motion block is connected while determining block with fixture by hinge, and fixture motion block can around hinge rotation；The fixture motion block other end can be by tight Gu screw determines block with fixture being connected, hole is formed with abutted surface, inside is equipped with clamp spring；When trip bolt is tightened, insulator Round mandrel under full skirt is firmly clamped in fixture to be determined in block, the circular port of fixture motion block；When trip bolt is unscrewed, In the presence of clamp spring, fixture is determined block, fixture motion block contact surface and is separated, and is easy to take out insulator umbrella；By said structure Easily can be fixed on insulator sample on testing machine by device.

Said syringe appliance stand is fixedly mounted on the step of box house lower surface by screw, injection device Mid-stent is provided with camera head, and camera head is narrowly focused towards insulator umbrella；Can be recorded absolutely by said structure device The whole process of edge full skirt surface icing, is easy to comparative analysis below.

Said syringe is fixed in the groove on syringe fixed block by syringe card, syringe piston rod one end In insertion syringe, one end is pressed in the groove that piston is moved in sliding block by syringe piston fixing nut, and syringe is lived Stopper rod can be moved up and down as piston moves sliding block；In the first V-type face and syringe fixed block on piston movement sliding block First cooperation V-type face is engaged, and piston is moved sliding block can only coordinate downslide in V-type face in first in syringe fixed block It is dynamic, screw thread is formed with the arc surface at piston movement sliding block and a screw rod cooperation, used with a screw rod and be threadedly coupled；No. one Crossbeam is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block by screw, and a screw rod extends through the hole in a crossbeam and lower arriving is injected In hole on device fixed block, two bolt and nuts are located at a crossbeam up and down respectively, for limiting a screw rod in piston Vertical motion in mobile sliding block, makes a screw rod to rotate；Syringe piston rod can be realized by said structure device Relative to the motion of syringe, so that drop is oozed from syringe；The nut on a crossbeam can prevent a screw rod simultaneously Moved in piston movement sliding block.

Above-mentioned mobile sliding block is fixedly mounted at the fixed step of syringe fixed block, the second V-type face on mobile sliding block It is engaged with the second cooperation V-type face in injection device support, make to move sliding block can only be in second in injection device support Coordinate and slided up and down in V-type face, screw thread is formed with the arc surface at mobile sliding block and No. two screw rod cooperations, used with No. two screw rods Threaded connection；No. two crossbeams are fixedly mounted on injection device support by screw, and No. two screw rods are through the hole in No. two crossbeams Extend and under in the hole on injection device support, two No. two bolt and nuts are located at No. two crossbeams up and down respectively, for limiting No. two motions of screw rod in the vertical direction, make No. two screw rods to rotate；Mobile sliding block and injection device support front side are respectively Equipped with mobile sliding block graduated scale and support graduated scale, two graduated scales cooperate；Can be made entirely by said structure device Syringe fixing device relative to support motion, it is high to study drop to the height on full skirt surface to adjust syringe needle point Spend the influence to icing situation.

Above-mentioned flexible pipe is fixed on by nut and existed mounted in case lid, the hole in the lower end connection syringe piston rod of flexible pipe, soft The upper end connecting water pipe of pipe；Chain-wheel box is fixedly mounted on case lid, and a screw rod is covered through case lid, chain-wheel box, chain-wheel box Hole, extends to outside；Sprocket wheel case lid is fixedly mounted on chain-wheel box by screw, and the support frame of motor is arranged on sprocket wheel case lid On；Can easily to adding liquid in syringe, without removing syringe liquid feeding by said structure device.

Above-mentioned speed-changing chain is arranged on the relevant position in chain-wheel box, screw thread is formed with speed-changing chain center hole, with one Screw thread on the outside of number screw rod is engaged, and forms threaded engagement；Head sprocket and wheel disc are fixed together to be rotated with one, and installed in chain Relevant position in roller box；The rotating shaft of crank afterbody is arranged in the middle of relevant position in chain-wheel box, crank and is respectively mounted on two axles The minor sprocket of one activity, and crank is connected by crank spring with sprocket wheel chamber interior wall；Speed-changing chain, head sprocket, two chainlets Wheel is connected by chain；Can realize that head sprocket drives the motion of speed-changing chain by said structure device.

Above-mentioned rotation dish is fixed in rotating shaft, and installed in the relevant position of chain-wheel box, the rotating shaft other end and electric machine main shaft It is connected, and rotation dish circumference stretches out a square collision block；Wheel disc circumferential edge is formed with a protrusion V blocks, and Spring Card is provided with chain-wheel box Piece, the inclined-plane of spring card front end is engaged with prominent V blocks face；There is a striker above prominent V blocks on wheel disc.

Temperature sensor and humidity sensor be installed in above-mentioned casing, temperature-humidity sensor respectively with system control And display device be connected, for the temperature and humidity in detection case body, feed back to control and display device, then using control and Temperature and humidity in display device regulation box body；Temperature, wet that can easily in control cabinet body by said structure device Spend to provide corresponding experimental situation.

Above-mentioned pond water intaking valve connects running water pipe, and opening water intaking valve can be to injection water in cistern for subsequently making With；Steam can be added to keep appropriateness to casing by said structure device, can also add what is prepared in advance in cistern Special solution, is added to box house come the ice-coating test under simulating particular surroundings such as haze, acid rain.

Above-mentioned solenoid electric valve connection control and display device, Electromagnetic Control can be controlled by control and display device Valve, allows pump individually to the steam that gasification is injected in casing, it is also possible to individually to injecting air in casing；By above-mentioned knot Structure device can keep humidity for box house.

Said syringe is just being suspended from insulator umbrella upper center position, and knob on rotatable No. two screw rods is adjusted Syringe needle point to insulator umbrella surface distance, while can be by the mobile cunning on front side of mobile sliding block and injection device support The relative movement distance of block graduated scale and support graduated scale, carrys out scalar syringe needle point to the height of insulator umbrella.

The rotating shaft index of above-mentioned rotating shaft disk points to dial, unscrews rotating shaft disk locking wheel, rotating shaft disk, insulator umbrella Skirt can be inclined, by rotating shaft index in the position of dial, you can read the inclined angle of insulator umbrella, then tightened and turned Reel locking wheel, prevents axis of rotation.

The fixture of insulator umbrella described above determines block, rotating shaft, electric field generation device is provided with inside contiguous block, electric field hair Injection device is controlled also by system control and display device；Composite insulator can be simulated under electric field by loading electric field Ice-coating test research.

Said syringe piston rod inner is hollow, and when being marked with water inside syringe, syringe piston rod is transported downwards When dynamic, piston sheet can be pressed to top ' shoulder ' place by hydraulic pressure；After the water in syringe is finished, the valve on flexible pipe is opened, and When syringe piston rod is moved upwards, syringe piston rod inner filling water, hydraulic pressure can be pushed up and hold piston sheet, water is entered into note Inside emitter；Flexible pipe connects running water pipe；Can easily to adding liquid in syringe by said structure device.

Above-mentioned crank can around the axis of rotation of its afterbody, the handle on rotating crank, what handle can be covered along chain-wheel box Deep-slotted chip breaker is moved, while rotating counterclockwise handle downwards by or outwards pull out, you can make chain between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain Change；Switching between speed-changing chain can be realized by said structure device, change syringe needle point has been reached and oozed drop The purpose of size.

Prominent V blocks are gone at spring card on above-mentioned wheel disc, can be blocked by spring card and motionless, and now striker also goes to The surface of spring card；When the square collision block for rotating plate edge is gone at striker, striker is clashed into, make wheel disc in inertia force Effect is lower to be rotated, and also band movable sprocket, chain are rotated, and can be stopped operating at spring card when the prominent V blocks on wheel disc are gone to；Pass through Said structure device can realize the intermittent movement of head sprocket, speed-changing chain, it is had abundance to the drop regular hour Time drops down from needle point.

Brief description of the drawings

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Fig. 1 is overall structure diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is internal structure schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the local schematic diagram in back of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is refrigerating plant of the present invention and partial enlargement structural representation.

Fig. 5 is the local schematic diagram of vent of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the internal integrally-built schematic diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is incidence regulating mechanism structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is clamping device structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the schematic diagram of syringe support device of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the close-up schematic view of injection device of the present invention and its motion fit structure.

Figure 11 is the local schematic diagram of syringe piston of the present invention.

Figure 12 is the close-up schematic view of syringe height adjustment mechanism of the present invention and its motion fit structure.

Figure 13 is the local schematic diagram in top of the present invention.

Figure 14 is the schematic diagram of chain-wheel box internal structure of the present invention.

Figure 15 is the schematic diagram of speed Control crank section of the present invention.

Figure 16 is the partial schematic diagram of wheel disc latching structure of the present invention.

In figure：Chamber door 1, system is controlled and display device 2, casing 3, case lid 4, pond water intaking valve 5, base 6, casing air inlet Hole 7, rhone 8, rotating shaft cloche 9, refrigerator pipes 10, air admission hole 11, radiator window 12, pump 13, pump line road 14, cistern 15, sky Air compressor 16, solenoid electric valve 17, exhaust passage 18, thermal insulation layer 19, insulator umbrella 20, injection device support 21, shooting Device 22, rotating shaft disk 23, rotating shaft index 23-1, rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24, rotating shaft fixed block 25, L-type rotating shaft 26, rotating shaft positioning Step 26-1, dial 27, shaft base 28, fixture motion block 29, fixture determine block 30, clamp spring 31, contiguous block 32, fastening spiral shell Nail 33, syringe fixed block 34, syringe 35, bolt and nut 36, a syringe piston fixing nut 37, syringe piston rod 38th, the screw rod 40, of a syringe card 39, crossbeam 41, piston movement sliding block 42, piston block 43, piston sheet 44, piston bullet 45, No. two bolt and nuts 46 of spring, mobile sliding block graduated scale 47, the mobile screw rod 49, two of sliding block 48, two crossbeam 50, support are carved Degree chi 51, flexible pipe 52, sprocket wheel case lid 53, motor 54, chain-wheel box 55, speed-changing chain 56, crank spring 57, crank 58, chain 59, Head sprocket 60, wheel disc 61, rotation dish 62, minor sprocket 63, spring card 64.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments of the present invention are described further below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1-16, composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, it includes base 6, and the left end of base 6 fixes peace Equipped with cistern 15, cistern 15 is connected by pipeline with solenoid electric valve 17, at the same solenoid electric valve 17 also respectively with casing 3 On air admission hole 11 and pump 13 be connected, the port of export of pump 13 connection pump line road 14；Casing 3 is fixedly mounted on base by screw On 6, there is a pipeline to be connected with the pond water intaking valve 5 on casing 3 on cistern 15；The right-hand member of base 6 installs free by screw Air compressor 16, air compressor 16 is connected by pipeline with condenser pipe 10, and condenser pipe is fixedly mounted on casing 3, after casing 3 Radiator window 12 is installed at portion's air compressor 16.

With reference to Fig. 1, the front portion of the casing 3 is provided with the transparent chamber door 1 that can rotate around the axis, and forward lower part is provided with system control System and display device 2, case lid 4 are fixedly mounted on the top of casing 3 by screw.

With reference to Fig. 2, the inner surface of the casing 3 is provided with the casing air admission hole 7 of many circles, for injecting water to box house Vapour or air；Hollow rhone 8 is formed with the bottom inner surface of casing 3, rhone 8 is connected by pipeline with cistern 15, can Inside is expelled back into cistern 15 using complete water；One is mounted by means of screws with step on the bottom inner surface of casing 3 Rotating shaft cloche 9, influences rotating shaft to turn to prevent supercooled water to be dropped in icing on the rotatable parts of the lower section of rotating shaft cloche 9 It is dynamic.

It is hollow with reference to Fig. 5, inside the casing 3, hollow space is mounted with thermal insulation layer 19, is formed with the middle of thermal insulation layer 19 Exhaust passage 18, one end of exhaust passage 18 is connected with the casing air admission hole 7 on casing 3, the other end and the pump line road for being connected pump 13 14 are connected, so that air or steam are discharged into box house.

With reference to Fig. 6,7, incidence regulating mechanism, the tilt adjustment machine are installed under the inside rotating shaft cloche 9 of the casing 3 Structure includes shaft base 28, and rotating shaft fixed block 25 just uses mode connects for screw with shaft base 28, and being internally formed one has locating slot Hole, L-type rotating shaft 26 is passed through, and the rotating shaft positioning step 26-1 in L-type rotating shaft 26 and the locating slot inside hole coordinate, and prevent Only L-type rotating shaft 26 is moved in hole along the direction in hole；The left end of shaft base 28 has a dial 27, and the left end of L-type rotating shaft 26 is consolidated A fixed rotating shaft disk 23, can together rotate, rotating shaft index 23-1 on rotating shaft disk with rotating shaft, when pointer straight up when, L-type The right end vertical of rotating shaft 26 is upward；There are a circular locating openings on rotating shaft disk 23, the screw fit with the front end of rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24, when Rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24 is tightened, can prevent rotating shaft disk 23 and L-type rotating shaft 26 from rotating.

With reference to Fig. 8, the right end vertical part of the L-type rotating shaft 26 is fixedly connected with clamping device, and the clamping device includes Contiguous block 32, the left side of contiguous block 32 is installed with fixture and determines block 30, and block 30 is determined in the one side of fixture motion block 29 by hinge and fixture It is connected, fixture motion block 29 can around hinge rotation；The other end of fixture motion block 29 can determine block 30 and be connected by trip bolt 33 and fixture, Hole is formed with abutted surface, inside is equipped with clamp spring 31；When trip bolt 33 is tightened, the round mandrel under insulator umbrella 20 Fixture is firmly clamped in determine in block 30, the circular port of fixture motion block 29；When trip bolt 33 is unscrewed, in clamp spring 31 In the presence of, fixture is determined block 30, the contact surface of fixture motion block 29 and is separated, and is easy to take out insulator umbrella 20.

With reference to Fig. 9, the injection device support 21 is fixedly mounted on the step of the bottom inner surface of casing 3 by screw On, the middle part of injection device support 21 is provided with camera head 22, and camera head 22 is narrowly focused towards insulator umbrella 22.

With reference to Figure 10, injection device includes syringe 35, and the syringe 35 is fixed on note by syringe card 39 In groove on emitter fixed block 34, in the one end of syringe piston rod 38 insertion syringe 35, one end is solid by syringe piston Determine in the groove that nut 37 is pressed in piston movement sliding block 42, syringe piston rod 38 is understood on piston movement sliding block 42 Lower movement；The first cooperation V-type face 34-2 phases in the first V-type face 42-1 and syringe fixed block 34 on piston movement sliding block 42 Coordinate, piston is moved sliding block 42 can only slide up and down in the cooperation V-type of first in syringe fixed block 34 face 34-2, piston Screw thread is formed with arc surface at mobile sliding block 42 and the cooperation of a screw rod 40, is used with a screw rod and is threadedly coupled；A number horizontal stroke Beam 41 is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block 34 by screw, under a screw rod 40 is through the hole extension in a crossbeam 41 In hole on to syringe fixed block 34, two bolt and nuts 36 are located at a crossbeam about 41, for limiting one respectively The vertical motion of number screw rod 40, makes a screw rod 40 to rotate.

With reference to Figure 11, what the syringe piston rod 38 was internally hollow, there is a hollow round platform lower end, inside round platform Equipped with a piston sheet 44, piston sheet 44 presses to top by piston spring 45, and at shoulder, piston block 43 is arranged on injection by screw On device piston rod 38, round platform bottom is provided with a round hole, and flexible pipe 52 is tied outside the hole inside syringe piston rod 38.

With reference to Figure 12, the syringe height adjustment mechanism includes mobile sliding block 48, and the mobile sliding block 48 is fixedly mounted At the fixed step 34-1 of syringe fixed block 34, the second V-type face 48-1 and injection device support 21 on mobile sliding block 48 Interior second cooperation V-type face 21-1 is engaged, and make to move sliding block 48 can only coordinate V-type in second in injection device support 21 Slided up and down in the 21-1 of face, screw thread is formed with the arc surface at mobile sliding block 48 and the cooperation of No. two screw rods 49, with No. two screw rods 49 Using threaded connection；No. two crossbeams 50 are fixedly mounted on injection device support 21 by screw, and No. two screw rods 49 pass through No. two Hole in crossbeam 50 extend and under in the hole on injection device support 21, two No. two bolt and nuts 46 are located at No. two horizontal strokes respectively About beam 50, for limiting No. two motions of the in the vertical direction of screw rod 49, No. two screw rods 49 are made to rotate；Mobile sliding block 48 Mobile sliding block graduated scale 47 and support graduated scale 51, two graduated scale phase interworkings are respectively provided with the front side of injection device support 21 Close.

With reference to Figure 13, the flexible pipe 52 is fixed on by nut and existed mounted in case lid 4, and the lower end connection syringe of flexible pipe 52 is lived Hole in stopper rod 38, the upper end connecting water pipe of flexible pipe 52；Chain-wheel box 55 is fixedly mounted on case lid 4, and a screw rod 40 passes through case Hole on lid 4, chain-wheel box 55, sprocket wheel case lid 53, extends to outside；Sprocket wheel case lid 53 is fixedly mounted on chain-wheel box 55 by screw On, the support frame of motor 54 is arranged on sprocket wheel case lid 53.

With reference to Figure 14,15, the speed-changing chain 56 that the transmission mechanism includes is arranged on the relevant position in chain-wheel box 55, becomes Screw thread is formed with the center hole of fast sprocket wheel 56, the screw thread with an outside of screw rod 40 is engaged, and forms threaded engagement；Head sprocket 60 It is fixed together with wheel disc 61 to be rotated with one, and the relevant position in chain-wheel box 55；The rotating shaft of the afterbody of crank 58 is installed The relevant position in chain-wheel box 55, is respectively mounted the minor sprocket 63 of an activity on two axles in the middle of crank 58, and crank 58 passes through Crank spring 57 is connected with the inwall of chain-wheel box 55；Speed-changing chain 56,60, two minor sprockets 63 of head sprocket are connected by chain 59.

With reference to Figure 16, the rotation dish 62 is fixed in rotating shaft, and installed in the relevant position of chain-wheel box, the rotating shaft other end It is connected with the main shaft of motor 54, and the circumference of rotation dish 62 stretches out square collision block 62-1；The circumferential edge of wheel disc 61 is formed with prominent V blocks 61-2, Spring card 64 is installed, the inclined-plane of the front end of spring card 64 is engaged with prominent V block 61-2 faces on chain-wheel box 55；On wheel disc 61 There is striker 61-1 above prominent V blocks 61-2.

Further, temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature-humidity sensor difference are installed in the casing 3 It is connected with system control and display device 2, for detecting the temperature and humidity in casing 3, feeds back to control and display device 2, Then using the temperature and humidity in control and the regulation and control casing 3 of display device 2.

Further, the pond water intaking valve 5 connection running water pipe, open water intaking valve can be to injecting water in cistern 15 For subsequently using.

Further, the connection of the solenoid electric valve 17 control and display device 2, can be with by control and display device 2 Control solenoid electric valve 17, allows pump 13 individually to the steam that gasification is injected in casing 3, it is also possible to individually in casing 3 Injection air.

Referring to Fig. 6, the syringe 35 is just being suspended from the upper center position of insulator umbrella 20, on rotatable No. two screw rods 49 Knob 49-1 adjust the needle point of syringe 35 to the distance on the surface of insulator umbrella 20, while can be by the mobile He of sliding block 48 The mobile sliding block graduated scale 47 of the front side of injection device support 21 and the relative movement distance of support graduated scale 51, carry out scalar syringe Height of 35 needle points to insulator umbrella 20.

Referring to Fig. 7, the rotating shaft index 23-1 of the rotating shaft disk 23 points to dial 27, unscrews rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24, Rotating shaft disk 23, insulator umbrella 20 can be inclined, by rotating shaft index 23-1 in the position of dial 27, you can be read exhausted The inclined angle of edge full skirt 20, then tightens rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24, prevents L-type rotating shaft 26 from rotating.

Further, the fixture of the insulator umbrella 20 determines block 30, L-type rotating shaft 26, is provided with electricity inside contiguous block 32 Field generating means, electric field emitter is controlled also by system control and display device 2.

Referring to Figure 11, what the syringe piston rod 38 was internally hollow, water is marked with inside syringe 35, syringe is lived When stopper rod 38 is moved downward, hydraulic pressure can be pressed at the shoulder of top piston sheet 44；After the water in syringe 35 is finished, open soft Valve on pipe 52, and when syringe piston rod 38 is moved upwards, the inner filling water of syringe piston rod 38, hydraulic pressure can be pushed up and held Piston sheet 44, makes water enter into inside syringe 35；Flexible pipe 52 connects running water pipe.

Referring to Figure 13, the handle 58-1 that the crank 58 can be on the axis of rotation of its afterbody, rotating crank 58, handle 58-1 can be moved along the deep-slotted chip breaker on sprocket wheel case lid 53, while rotating counterclockwise handle 58-1 downwards by or outwards pull out, i.e., Chain 59 can be made to be changed between the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain 56.

Referring to Figure 16, prominent V blocks 61-2 is gone at spring card 64 on the wheel disc 61, can be blocked by spring card 64 and Motionless, now striker 61-1 also goes to the surface of spring card 64；Hit when the square collision block 62-1 at the edge of rotation dish 62 goes to When at pin 61-1, striker 61-1 is clashed into, wheel disc 61 is rotated in the presence of inertia force, also band movable sprocket, chain are rotated, and work as wheel Prominent V blocks 61-2 on disk 61 goes to and can be stopped operating at spring card 64.

Device specific work process of the invention：

Step one：Composite insulator 20 is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, difference is simulated with this Corrosion condition of the environment to insulator under area condition；Or artificial damage is carried out to full skirt surface, full skirt is simulated with this The degree of impairment on surface；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, is formed Insulator sample.

Step 2：The valve on flexible pipe 52 is opened, motor 54 is opened, is electric machine main shaft reversion, now in head sprocket 60, chain In the presence of bar 59, speed-changing chain 56, a screw rod 40 is inverted, and piston movement sliding block 42 drives syringe piston rod 38 to transport upwards Dynamic, piston sheet 44 is opened on experiment liquid top, into inside syringe 35, after experiment liquid is full of syringe 35, closes motor 54.

Step 3：Chamber door 1 is opened, the trip bolt 33 on fixture is unclamped, in the presence of clamp spring 31, fixture determines block 30 and fixture motion block 29 separate, by the plug installs fixture of the insulator sample lower end after treatment determine block 30, fixture motion block 29 it Between, tighten trip bolt 33, you can clamp insulator sample.

Step 4：Turn clockwise rotating shaft disk locking wheel 24, and the insulator umbrella surface according to required by experiment is inclined Angle, rotating shaft disk 23 sets the inclined angle in full skirt surface, counterclockwise rotation by rotating shaft index 23-1 and dial 27 Walk around reel locking wheel 24, fixed L-type rotating shaft 26 prevents it from rotating.

Step 5：Drop according to required by experiment is rotated on No. two screw rods 49 to the height on insulator umbrella surface Nut 49-1, the height of requirement of experiment is set by the scale of mobile sliding block graduated scale 47 and the relative position of support graduated scale 51 Degree；Close chamber door 1.

Step 5：The environmental condition of the insulator umbrella surface icing according to required by experiment, by system control and aobvious Showing device 2, sets the temperature inside casing 3；The steam or soda acid water smoke required to the inside injection experimentses of casing 3 by pump 13 Liquid needed for adding experiment to cistern 15 by pond water intaking valve 5 before experiment, simulated test requirement soda acid, damp condition.

Step 6：Whether needed to study shadow of the electric field action to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment Ring, by producing the device of electric field on insulator sample holding device, operator can be according to the condition of simulation, control system control System and display device 2, selection load the electric field of certain value or are not loaded with electric field.

Step 7：Open camera head 22, the process of record composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also pass through Eye-observation some experimentations.

Step 8：Motor 54 is opened, the main shaft of motor 5 is rotated forward, the square shape at the edge of rotation dish 62 being connected with main shaft is fast 62-1 clashes into striker 61-1, wheel disc 61 is rotated a circle in the presence of inertia force, until the V blocks 61-2 on the top edge of wheel disc 61 When going to spring card 64, stopped and stopped operating by spring card 64, when the fast 62-1 of the square shape at the edge of rotation dish 62 is rotated Striker 61-1 is clashed into after one week again, wheel disc 61 is rotated one week again, and the batch (-type) of wheel disc 61 and its head sprocket 60 is realized with this Operating；In the presence of head sprocket 60, chain 59, speed-changing chain 56, a screw rod 40 is rotated forward, and piston movement sliding block 42 drives note Emitter piston rod 38 moves downward the motion for doing batch (-type), make drop it is isometric drip to insulator umbrella from the needle point of syringe 35 Surface.The fortune of head sprocket 60 circles, and speed-changing chain 56 turns over certain angle, No. coordinated using screw thread with speed-changing chain 56 Screw rod rotates, and does batch (-type) using the piston movement in the vertical direction of sliding block 42 of threaded engagement with a screw rod and move downward Level altitude, also batch (-type) moves downward identical highly to syringe piston rod 38, controls to be oozed from syringe 35 with this The volume of drop, or drop provides time enough and it is dropped down.

According to related experiment arrangement and experiment effect, insulator umbrella tested in ice-coating test machine reach expeced time or After surface has frozen, stop testing machine, and remove insulator and carry out the test of every insulator umbrella surface icing result.

Device concrete operating principle of the invention：

When needing to carry out composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test and studying, first by insulator through certain density acid, Aqueous slkali soaking carries out artificial treatment post-processing into the insulator sample 20 of section shape to its surface, and reality is filled in syringe 35 Test liquid for example：Water, acid or aqueous slkali, insulator sample 20 is arranged on testing machine, is adjusted by adjusting rotating shaft disk 23 absolutely The inclined angle in edge full skirt surface, adjusts No. two screw rods 49 to control the needle point of syringe 35 to the height on full skirt surface；Control System is controlled and display device 2 is set in casing 3 temperature, humidity, acidity, neutrality, alkaline water smoke, and whether open fixture Loading electric field inside device, opens motor 54, and the fast 62-1 of square shape at the edge of rotation dish 62 being connected with main shaft clashes into striker 61-1, makes wheel disc 61 be rotated a circle in the presence of inertia force, in the presence of head sprocket 60, chain 59, speed-changing chain 56, one Number screw rod 40 is rotated forward, and piston movement sliding block 42 drives syringe piston rod 38 to move downward the motion for doing batch (-type), makes drop etc. Volume from the needle point of syringe 35 drips to insulator umbrella surface；Camera head 22 is opened simultaneously, and record drop is in insulator umbrella The process that skirt surface freezes.

Head sprocket 60, speed-changing chain 56,59, screw rod of chain, No. two screw rods, piston movement sliding block 42 and mobile sliding blocks 48 can according to actual needs carry out size design, realize certain gearratio, and each motion of whole testing machine is in the absence of mutual The situation of interference.After the testing machine completes experiment, ice covering thickness, the ice growth characteristics on observation insulator umbrella surface are led to Time and the situation of each time period icing of the video analysis icing of experimental record are crossed, and respectively by under different experimental conditions Experimental result be analyzed, various factors is to insulator umbrella surface icing situation under real operating mode is probed into this Influence.

Advantages of the present invention：

What the 1st, the clamping device below insulator umbrella was capable of safety loads electric field to insulator, can simulate under electric field action absolutely The icing process on edge full skirt surface.

2nd, the testing machine can provide low temperature, damp condition for experiment, while various corrosive environment can also be simulated For example：Acid, alkalescence.

3rd, the testing machine can control the gradient on insulator umbrella surface, so as to control drop and insulator umbrella surface Inclination angle during contact, thus analyze different angle to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

4th, the testing machine can control drop initial position apart from the height on insulator umbrella surface, so as to analyze different height Degree, can also convert into the speed at drop contact full skirt surface moment, to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

5th, the testing machine is by converting the sprocket wheel of speed-changing chain diameter, it is possible to achieve the size of control droplet size, so that Analyze the different big droplets of volume high to drop full skirt surface icing influence.

6th, the testing machine can control the speed of drips by controlled motor rotating speed, so as to analyze the different fast drops of drop To drop full skirt surface icing influence.

7th, the testing machine is also very convenient to syringe adding liquid, and liquid is filled it up with without removing syringe, is installing back Go.

8th, the testing machine is compared to artificial-climate laboratory, and it consumes energy less, occupies little space, time saving and energy saving, simple to operate.

By above-mentioned description, those skilled in the art completely can be in the model without departing from this invention technological thought In enclosing, various changes and amendments are carried out all within protection scope of the present invention.Unaccomplished matter of the invention, belongs to ability The common knowledge of field technique personnel.

Claims (10)

1. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine, it is characterised in that：It includes base（6）, the base（6）Left end It is installed with cistern（15）, the cistern（15）By pipeline and solenoid electric valve（17）It is connected, the Electromagnetic Control Valve（17）Also respectively with casing（3）On air admission hole（11）And pump（13）It is connected, pump（13）Port of export connection pump line road （14）；The base（6）On be installed with casing（3）, the cistern（15）With casing（3）Pond water intaking valve on outer wall （5）It is connected；The base（6）Right-hand member be installed with air compressor（16）, the air compressor（16）With condenser pipe （10）It is connected, condenser pipe（10）It is fixedly mounted on casing（3）Inside；The casing（3）It is fixed on the step of bottom inner surface Rotating shaft cloche is installed（9）, the rotating shaft cloche（9）Inside be provided with for adjusting insulator angle of inclination to be tested Incidence regulating mechanism, the clamping device for clamping insulator is installed in the end of incidence regulating mechanism, in clamping device Injection device for calibrated shot liquid is installed, the injection device is arranged on syringe highly on the support of side On governor motion, the injection device is connected with transmission mechanism, and the support of the clamping device side is also equipped with shooting dress Put（22）, being provided with inside the clamping device can produce the electric field generation device of electric field.

2. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The casing（3） Front portion is provided with the transparent chamber door that can rotate around the axis（1）, forward lower part is provided with system control and display device（2）, case lid（4） By being fixedly mounted on casing（3）Top；The casing（3）Back and air compressor（16）Install corresponding position There is radiator window（12）；The casing（3）Using double layer hollow structure, multiple casing air admission holes are machined with its internal layer sidewall （7）, thermal insulation layer is installed in hollow space（19）, in thermal insulation layer（19）Between form exhaust passage（18）；The exhaust passage One end and casing air admission hole（7）It is connected, the other end and pump line road（14）It is connected；In casing（3）It is provided with back on bottom inner surface Type rhone（8）, the rhone（8）With cistern（15）It is connected.

3. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The tilt adjustment Mechanism includes shaft base（28）, the shaft base（28）It is fixedly mounted on casing（3）Base plate on, and positioned at rotating shaft glass Cover（9）Lower section, the shaft base（28）Top rotating shaft fixed block is installed（25）, the rotating shaft fixed block（25）With turn Axle base（28）Inside is rotatably provided with L-type rotating shaft（26）, the L-type rotating shaft（26）Horizontal segment on be machined with for axle To the rotating shaft positioning step of positioning（26-1）, the shaft base（28）One end be provided with dial（27）, the L-type rotating shaft （26）End rotating shaft disk is installed（23）, in rotating shaft disk（23）Wheel rim be provided with rotating shaft index（23-1）, the rotating shaft Index（23-1）With dial（27）It is engaged mark L-type rotating shaft（26）The anglec of rotation, in rotating shaft disk（23）On be machined with One circular locating openings, are provided with rotating shaft disk locking wheel on the location hole（24）, when tightening rotating shaft disk locking wheel（24）, can hinder Rotation stop reel（23）And rotating shaft（26）Rotate.

4. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The clamping device Including contiguous block（32）, the contiguous block（32）It is fixedly mounted on the L-type rotating shaft of incidence regulating mechanism（26）Top, the connection Block（32）Top side be installed with fixture and determine block（30）, block is determined in fixture（30）The other end be hinged with fixture motion block （29）, the fixture motion block（29）Another side pass through trip bolt（33）Determine block with fixture（30）Retractable connection, and at it Clamp spring is provided with faying face（31）.

5. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The syringe dress Put including injection device support（21）, the injection device support（21）Be fixedly mounted on casing（3）The platform on small surface On rank, the injection device support（21）Madial wall on camera head is installed（22）, syringe（35）By syringe Card（39）It is fixed on syringe fixed block（34）Groove in, syringe piston rod（38）Insert syringe in one end（35）It is interior Portion, the other end passes through syringe piston fixing nut（37）It is pressed on piston movement sliding block（42）Groove in, syringe piston Bar（38）Sliding block can be moved with piston（42）And move up and down；Piston moves sliding block（42）On the first V-type face（42-1）With Syringe fixed block（34）The first interior cooperation V-type face（34-2）Composition is slidably matched, and the piston moves sliding block（42）On Screwed hole and a screw rod（40）Constitute screw-driven to coordinate, a screw rod（40）Through a crossbeam（41）In Kong Yan Stretch and arrive syringe fixed block down（34）On hole in, two bolt and nuts（36）A crossbeam is located at respectively（41）Upper, Lower two ends, for limiting a screw rod（40）Vertical motion, make a screw rod（40）Can only rotate.

6. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：The syringe is lived Stopper rod（38）Inside uses hollow-core construction, and hollow round platform is provided with its lower end, and piston sheet is provided with inside round platform（44）, institute State piston sheet（44）By piston spring（45）Press at the shoulder of top, piston block（43）Syringe piston rod is arranged on by screw （38）On, round platform bottom is machined with circular hole, syringe piston rod（38）Flexible pipe is tied outside internal hole（52）；The flexible pipe（52）Gu It is scheduled on case lid（4）Top, flexible pipe（52）Upper end connecting water pipe.

7. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The syringe is high Degree governor motion includes mobile sliding block（48）, the mobile sliding block（48）It is fixedly mounted on syringe fixed block（34）Fixed station Rank（34-1）Place, mobile sliding block（48）On the second V-type face（48-1）With injection device support（21）The second interior cooperation V-type face （21-1）It is engaged, makes to move sliding block（48）Can only be in injection device support（21）The second interior cooperation V-type face（21-1）On interior Lower slider, the mobile sliding block（48）With No. two screw rods（49）Internal thread is machined with arc surface at cooperation, and constitutes screw thread Transmission coordinates, No. two crossbeams（50）By being fixedly mounted on injection device support（21）Top, No. two screw rods（49）Through two Number crossbeam（50）In hole extend and lower to injection device support（21）On hole in, two No. two bolt and nuts（46）Difference position In No. two crossbeams（50）Up and down, for limiting No. two screw rods（49）The motion of in the vertical direction, makes No. two screw rods（49）Can only Rotate；Mobile sliding block（48）With injection device support（21）Front side is respectively provided with mobile sliding block graduated scale（47）With support graduated scale （51）, two graduated scales mutual cooperations, No. two screw rods（49）Top pass through case lid（4）, and rotation is installed in its end Button（49-1）, No. two screw rods are rotated manually（49）, adjust the syringe of injection device（35）Needle point is to insulator umbrella（20） The distance on surface.

8. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The transmission mechanism Including chain-wheel box（55）, the chain-wheel box（55）It is fixed on case lid（4）Top, the chain-wheel box（55）Top chain is installed Wheel case lid（53）, in sprocket wheel case lid（53）Top braces motor is installed（54）, the motor（54）Main shaft and rotation dish （62）Rotating shaft be connected transmitting torque, the rotation dish（62）Installed in chain-wheel box（55）Inside, in rotation dish（62）It is cylindrical Square collision block is fixed with week（62-1）, the square collision block（62-1）Be fixed on wheel disc（61）The striker of upper surface（61-1） It is engaged, in wheel disc（61）It is upper to be located at square collision block（62-1）Lower section be provided with prominent V blocks（61-2）, the prominent V blocks （61-2）Be arranged on chain-wheel box（55）On spring card（64）Coordinate, the spring card（64）The inclined-plane and protrusion of front end V blocks（61-2）It is engaged, the wheel disc（61）Rotating shaft on be also equipped with head sprocket（60）；The head sprocket（60）By chain （59）With speed-changing chain（56）Constitute Chain conveyer, the speed-changing chain（56）Be formed with screw thread in center hole, and with a screw rod （40）The screw thread in outside is engaged, and constitutes worm drive and coordinates, the chain（59）It is connected with gear；The gear Including crank（58）, the crank（58）Afterbody by rotating shaft be arranged on chain-wheel box（55）It is interior, and can be slided along rotating shaft, Crank（58）The minor sprocket of an activity is separately installed with middle two axles（63）, chain（59）Bypass two minor sprockets simultaneously （63）, and crank（58）By crank spring（57）With chain-wheel box（55）Inwall is connected；The crank（58）Can be around its afterbody Axis of rotation, rotating crank（58）On handle（58-1）, handle（58-1）Can be along sprocket wheel case lid（53）On deep-slotted chip breaker Motion, rotates counterclockwise handle（58-1）While downwards by or outwards pull out, you can make chain（59）In speed-changing chain（56）'s Changed between sprocket wheel.

9. composite insulator umbrella skirt surface ice-coating test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The casing（3） Inside is provided with temperature sensor and humidity sensor, temperature-humidity sensor respectively with system control and display device（2）Phase Even, for detecting casing（3）Interior temperature and humidity, feeds back to control and display device（2）, then using control and display dress Put（2）Regulation and control casing（3）Interior temperature and humidity；The solenoid electric valve（17）Connection control and display device（2）, by control System and display device（2）Solenoid electric valve can be controlled（17）, make pump（13）Can be individually to casing（3）The water of interior injection gasification Vapour, it is also possible to individually to casing（3）Interior injection air.

10. using the test method of claim 1-9 any one ice-coating test machines, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：

Step one：By composite insulator（20）It is put into certain density acid or aqueous slkali soaking for a period of time, is simulated not with this With environment under the conditions of region to the corrosion condition of insulator；Or artificial damage is carried out to full skirt surface, umbrella is simulated with this The degree of impairment on skirt surface；Then composite insulator is cut into chunks shape, each section includes a full skirt and a bit of plug, shape Into insulator sample；

Step 2：Open flexible pipe（52）On valve, open motor（54）, invert electric machine main shaft, now in head sprocket（60）、 Chain（59）, speed-changing chain（56）In the presence of, a screw rod（40）Reversion, piston movement sliding block（42）Drive syringe piston Bar（38）Open piston sheet in motion upwards, experiment liquid top（44）, into syringe（35）Inside, liquid to be tested is full of syringe（35） Afterwards, motor is closed（54）；

Step 3：Open chamber door（1）, unclamp the trip bolt on fixture（33）, in clamp spring（31）In the presence of, fixture is fixed Block（30）With fixture motion block（29）Separate, the plug installs fixture of the insulator sample lower end after treatment is determined into block（30）, fixture Motion block（29）Between, tighten trip bolt（33）, you can clamp insulator sample；

Step 4：Turn clockwise rotating shaft disk locking wheel（24）, the inclined angle in insulator umbrella surface according to required by experiment Degree, rotating shaft disk（23）, by rotating shaft index（23-1）And dial（27）The setting inclined angle in full skirt surface, inverse time Pin rotating shaft disk locking wheel（24）, fixed L-type rotating shaft（26）, prevent it from rotating；

Step 5：Drop according to required by experiment rotates No. two screw rods to the height on insulator umbrella surface（49）On spiral shell It is female（49-1）, by mobile sliding block graduated scale（47）With support graduated scale（51）The scale of relative position set requirement of experiment Height, close chamber door（1）；

Step 5：The environmental condition of the insulator umbrella surface icing according to required by experiment, by system control and display dress Put（2）, casing is set（3）Internal temperature；By pump（13）To casing（3）The steam or soda acid of internal injection experimentses requirement Water smoke, passes through pond water intaking valve before experiment（5）To cistern（15）Liquid needed for adding experiment, simulated test requirement soda acid, Damp condition；

Step 6：Whether needed to study influence of the electric field action to composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing according to requirement of experiment, led to Cross on insulator sample holding device produce electric field device, operator can according to simulation condition, control system control and Display device（2）, select the electric field of loading certain value or be not loaded with electric field；

Step 7：Open camera head（22）, the process of record composite insulator umbrella skirt surface icing, while can also be by people Eye observes some experimentations；

Step 8：Open motor（54）, make motor（54）Main shaft is rotated forward, the rotation dish being connected with main shaft（62）The square shape at edge Block（62-1）Clash into striker（61-1）, make wheel disc（61）Rotated a circle in the presence of inertia force, until wheel disc（61）Top edge On prominent V blocks（61-2）Go to spring card（64）When, by spring card（64）Stop and stop operating, work as rotation dish（62） The square shape block at edge（62-1）Striker is clashed into again after rotating one week（61-1）, wheel disc（61）Rotate one week again, with this reality Existing wheel disc（61）And its head sprocket（60）Intermittent operation；In head sprocket（60）, chain（59）, speed-changing chain（56）Effect Under, a screw rod（40）Rotate forward, piston movement sliding block（42）Drive syringe piston rod（38）Move downward the fortune for doing batch (-type) It is dynamic, make drop it is isometric from syringe（35）Needle point drips to insulator umbrella surface.