CN106908297B - Shaping device for tissue specimens and method for shaping tissue specimens - Google Patents
Shaping device for tissue specimens and method for shaping tissue specimens Download PDFInfo
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- CN106908297B CN106908297B CN201710262455.4A CN201710262455A CN106908297B CN 106908297 B CN106908297 B CN 106908297B CN 201710262455 A CN201710262455 A CN 201710262455A CN 106908297 B CN106908297 B CN 106908297B
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- clamping
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
Abstract
The invention discloses a shaping device for a tissue specimen. The shaping device comprises a base, a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly, wherein the first and second clamping assemblies each have an upper clamping member, a lower clamping member and a holder member, the upper and lower clamping members being movable horizontally along a guide with the holder member, the upper clamping member and the corresponding lower clamping member being movable relative to each other such that a gap is formed between them, a circular recess being provided in the base, a circular turntable being rotatably supported in the recess for carrying a carrier for a tissue specimen, at least one of the upper clamping member and the corresponding lower clamping member having an outwardly open edge opening, wherein their edge openings are arranged in up-down alignment for allowing a fixture to pass through. In addition, the invention also discloses a method for shaping the tissue specimen.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a shaping device for tissue specimens and a method of shaping tissue specimens.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the endoscope technology, more and more treatments are carried out under the endoscope, and the judgment of the treatment effect of the endoscope is mainly based on the pathological diagnosis of pathological tissue specimens and the presence or absence of complications, wherein the pathological diagnosis of the pathological tissue specimens is important, and the method has important guiding significance for the prognosis treatment of diseases. Especially for the endoscopic resection of digestive tract tumors, whether the lateral and basal cutting edges of the resected lesion tissue specimens have residues of tumor cells will determine whether the endoscopic therapy is needed again or not, even the surgical therapy. It is therefore important to prepare a good pathological tissue section by processing the excised pathological tissue specimen. The preparation process of pathological tissue sections comprises the steps of sampling, fixing, dehydrating, embedding, freezing, slicing, staining and the like of tissue samples, and the fixing of the tissue samples is often an important factor influencing pathological diagnosis or experimental results.
In the basic research and clinical pathological diagnosis process of medicine, researchers need to pay attention to the information of pathological tissue cells, and meanwhile need to know the relation between the pathological part and the whole tissue or organ, and the morphological information and evolution characteristics of the pathological surrounding area and normal area tissue cells. The traditional method for pathological treatment of tissue specimens before dehydration is to put them directly or pre-fix them by a simple fixing needle to be in a neutral formaldehyde solution for fixation, and for some tissue specimens, especially mucosa or organs rich in moisture and dense connective tissue, surface shrinkage, curling, deformation and incisional edge disorder of the specimens often occur due to asymmetric shrinkage of tissues during fixation. In addition, the tissue specimens are relatively brittle and hard after dehydration, and have more irregular shapes. This will affect the researchers' observations of the cells of the diseased tissue, causing a diagnostic error. Therefore, the tissue specimen is effectively pre-treated, namely shaped before being fixed, so that the waste of the specimen and the physical effort of operators during slicing can be reduced, the original state of the pathological tissue specimen can be maintained to a greater extent, and the general form and microstructure of the tissue specimen, the form, structure and adjacent relation of the pathological part and the surrounding area of the pathological tissue specimen and other information can be completely and accurately presented.
Traditional tissue specimen shaping, such as mucosal tissue shaping, primarily involves fixing the tissue specimen to a carrier, such as a foam plate, with a simple fixing needle, maintaining the general morphology of the diseased tissue. However, the method has the defect that the whole specimen is fixed by fixing the specimens one by one in the manual operation process, so that the specimen cannot be fixed on the carrier uniformly and tightly, and the cutting edge and the surface smoothness of the pathological tissues cannot be ensured. After fixation and dehydration, the specimen often has surface shrinkage, curling, deformation and irregular cutting edges. Another disadvantage is that after the tissue specimen is fixed by the fixing needle, the lower surface of the fixing needle is tightly attached to the carrier, so that the fixing liquid cannot fully infiltrate the tissue specimen, and the shaping effect of the specimen is affected. All of the above problems may directly affect the accuracy of pathological diagnosis of tissue specimens.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a shaping device for a tissue specimen and a method for shaping the tissue specimen, so that the original state of the tissue specimen can be presented to a greater extent during pathological observation, and the diagnosis error is reduced.
In the present invention, a shaping device for tissue specimens is utilized to solve the above-mentioned task.
According to the invention, the shaping device comprises a base, a first clamping assembly and a second clamping assembly, wherein the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly each have an upper clamping part, a lower clamping part and a holding part, the upper clamping part and the lower clamping part can move horizontally together with the holding part along a guide part arranged in the base, the upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part can move relatively, so that a gap for accommodating a tissue specimen is formed between the upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part, a circular concave part is arranged in the base, a circular turntable is rotatably supported in the concave part of the base and is used for carrying a carrier for the tissue specimen, and at least one upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part are provided with edge openings which are opened outwards, wherein the edge openings of the at least one upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part are arranged to be aligned up and down so as to allow the fixing part to pass through. The upper clamping piece and the lower clamping piece of the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly can provide uniform clamping force for the edge of the tissue specimen, uniform fixation of the edge of the tissue specimen is realized, and accurate and uniform tensioning of specimen tissues can be realized by matching with micro and accurate horizontal movement of the retainer along the base guide part. By arranging the round rotary table, the operation is more convenient, the shaping of the tissue specimens with various different shapes on any edge side can be realized, and most importantly, the even tensioning effect on the edge side of the tissue specimens can be realized by matching with the edge opening. In addition, by providing the edge opening according to the invention, it is achieved that even in the case of a clamping assembly clamping a wider edge, the fixation with the fixation needle is ensured at the distal end of the tissue specimen edge as far as possible, whereby the raw state of the tissue to be obtained is maintained to a greater extent, and the general morphology and microstructure of the tissue specimen is completely and accurately presented. The edge opening design can enable the first clamping component and the second clamping component to easily release the clamping of the tissue specimen under the condition that the fixing effect and the fixing form of the tissue specimen are not affected.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the lower clamping member of the first clamping assembly and the lower clamping member of the second clamping assembly are located at the same height from the upper surface of the base. This ensures that the tissue specimen can be held horizontally between the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly under tension. Meanwhile, a certain distance is kept between the lower clamping piece and the base, so that the tissue specimen and the carrier are not adhered and fixed, the adverse effect on the shaping effect of the tissue specimen caused by the unevenness of the carrier can be avoided, the tissue specimen is fully infiltrated in all directions by the fixing liquid, the tissue specimen is fixed more uniformly, and the shaping effect is better.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, an adjusting element is provided on the base, by means of which the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly are moved horizontally relative to the base. This enables the horizontal movement of the clamping assembly to be regulated at a slow speed, for example, with a feed rate of the clamping assembly of less than 1mm per rotation of the regulating element. Thereby ensuring the accuracy of shaping the tissue specimen.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the horizontal movement of the first and second clamping assemblies can also be achieved by direct pushing and pulling by the operator. This can be achieved: the feeding movement of the clamping assembly to the tissue specimen before clamping the tissue specimen or the moving away from the tissue specimen after unclamping can be quickly performed, so that the operation time is saved, and the shaping efficiency of the tissue specimen is improved.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the first clamping assembly and/or the second clamping assembly has an arcuate front face. This is particularly advantageous when shaping tissue specimens with curved edges, which can result in a more uniform and smooth tensioning of the curved edges of the tissue specimen, effectively preventing curling.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper clamping part and the lower clamping part can be moved vertically on the support part individually. Thereby, each clamping member may be provided with an adjustment mechanism, which allows for a more flexible control of the clamping members.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the circular turntable is supported with its support on a mating support of the base by means of a bearing. Thereby, a horizontal rotation of the tissue specimen is achieved in a simple and reliable manner.
The technical problem underlying the present invention is also solved in the present invention by means of a method for shaping a tissue specimen. The specific method comprises the following steps:
a) Fixing a carrier for a tissue specimen;
b) Clamping one edge side of the tissue specimen;
c) Clamping the opposite other edge side of the tissue specimen;
d) Tensioning the tissue specimen;
e) Fixing the two edge sides of the tissue specimen to the carrier by using a fixing member;
f) Releasing the clamping of the tissue specimen;
g) Horizontally rotating the tissue specimen and repeating steps b) to f); and
h) The shaped tissue specimen is removed along with the carrier.
Preferably, the fixing of the carrier in step a) is achieved by means of fasteners provided on a circular turntable. The fixation of the carrier is thereby achieved in a simple and effective manner.
The method can be realized by using the shaping device.
Drawings
The invention is explained in detail below with the aid of the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 schematically shows a front view of a shaping device according to the invention;
fig. 2 schematically shows a top view of a shaping device according to the invention;
fig. 3 schematically shows a variant of the shaping device according to the invention;
fig. 4 schematically shows the shaping device according to fig. 3 in a state in which the tissue specimen is tensioned.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 and 2 show a front view and a top view, respectively, of a shaping device 1 according to the invention, wherein the shaping device is shown in fig. 1 in a partial cross-section. The shaping device 1 comprises a base 2, a clamping assembly 3 and a clamping assembly 4. The clamping assembly 3 and the clamping assembly 4 may be identical in construction and are preferably arranged opposite one another on the same straight line. Here, the clamping assembly 3 has a holder 8, an upper clamping member 31 and a lower clamping member 32, while the clamping assembly 4 has a holder 9, an upper clamping member 41 and a lower clamping member 42. The clamping assembly 3 and the clamping assembly 4 can be held with their holders 8, 9 in a horizontal movement on the base 2, wherein the horizontal movement can be achieved via guides 6 (see fig. 2) provided in the base. The guide 6 is any structure that can perform a guiding function, such as a linear groove or a bump structure, and in this embodiment, a groove design is adopted, along which the holders 8, 9 can reciprocate. In addition, the upper clamping members 31, 41 and the corresponding lower clamping members 32, 42 are relatively movable such that a gap for receiving the tissue specimen 20 is formed between the two cooperating clamping members.
The clamping assemblies 3, 4 may be constructed in conventional ticket-clamp construction such that the upper clamping members 31, 41 and the corresponding lower clamping members 32, 42 are movable about a common pivot axis to open or close the clamping assemblies 3, 4. With this structure, the clamping assembly does not need to vertically move, and the retainer can be integrally formed to form a "tail-clamping" structure on the underside of the lower clamping member, so that an operator can easily operate the "tail-clamping" to open and close the upper and lower clamping members. Preferably, the upper clamping member and the lower clamping member may also be designed to be separated so that the upper clamping member and the lower clamping member can move toward each other or away from each other in a vertical direction along the holding member 8, for example, they vertically reciprocate along the guide grooves of the same holding member 8, thereby achieving opening or closing of the clamping assembly. Advantageously, only the upper clamping member is vertically movable, but not the lower clamping member, and both lower clamping members 32, 42 are at the same height from the upper surface of the base, preferably 2mm to 5mm, which may be practically adjusted according to the thickness of the tissue specimen, etc. To ensure that the tissue specimen 20 is held horizontally between the clamping assembly 3 and the clamping assembly 4 in a clamped condition. Each upper clamping member and each lower clamping member has two outwardly opening edge openings 10, and each upper clamping member and its corresponding lower clamping member edge opening 10 are disposed in up-down alignment so as to allow a securing member 11, which may be a staple, to pass through the clamping assemblies 3, 4 to secure the tissue specimen 20 to the carrier 5. It is also possible here for the upper and lower clamping part of each clamping assembly to have only one or more than two edge openings, or for the upper and lower clamping part of only one clamping assembly to have an edge opening 10.
A circular recess 14 is provided in the base 2, a circular turntable 13 is accommodated in the recess 14, the circular turntable 13 is rotatably supported in a recess 14 of the base and is intended to carry a carrier 5 for a tissue specimen. As is clearly visible in the cut-away section in fig. 1, the circular turntable 13 is supported with its support 15 on a mating support 16 of the base 2 by means of a bearing 12 in this embodiment. The circular turntable 13 is provided with a fastener (not shown) for limiting and fixing the carrier 5, and any structure in the prior art for limiting and fixing the carrier can be adopted, such as matching of limiting protrusions and grooves. However, since the circular recess 14 is provided, the shape of the carrier 5 is often designed to match the shape of the recess 14, and it is possible to provide no fastener on the circular turntable 13, and the carrier 5 is naturally restricted in the recess 14 and prevented from coming out.
Furthermore, an adjusting element 7 is provided on the base 2, in particular on the outer side wall of the base, by means of which adjusting element 7 an operator, such as a medical staff, can perform a horizontal movement of the clamping assemblies 3, 4 relative to the base 2. Preferably, a gear worm reduction is provided between the adjusting element 7 and the corresponding clamping assembly 3, 4, so that the leveling of the clamping assembly can be carried out very precisely at a very slow speed. Of course, embodiments are also conceivable in which no adjusting element 7 is provided, in which the operator can directly grasp the holders 8, 9 of the clamping assembly and move the clamping assembly in the guide 6 by pushing and pulling. Particularly preferably, the horizontal movement of the clamping assembly can be achieved not only by direct pushing or pulling by the operator, but also via the adjusting element 7. In addition, in the case of separately designed clamping elements, the opening movement of the upper and lower clamping elements can also be achieved by means of corresponding, separately provided adjusting elements.
Fig. 3 shows a variant of the shaping device 1 according to the invention. In this embodiment, the clamping assembly 3 and the clamping assembly 4 each have an arcuate front face 17, i.e. the upper clamping parts 31, 41 and the lower clamping parts 32, 42 each have an arcuate front face. This design of the clamping assembly is particularly suitable for tissue specimens having arcuate edges. Of course, it is also possible that only one clamping assembly has a curved front face, which is more suitable for tissue specimens with both curved edges and other irregular edges. The structural design can enable the edge of the tissue specimen to be tensioned more fully and uniformly, and can also realize the most distal end of the edge of the tissue specimen to be tensioned and fixed uniformly as much as possible. In addition, it is also conceivable for the clamping device to have a front end face of other shape in order to be adapted to various different edges of the tissue sample.
As shown in fig. 4, the medical staff can shape a tissue specimen 20, in particular a mucosal tissue, using the shaping device 1 according to the invention by the following steps:
a) The carrier 5 for the tissue specimen 20 is fixed. For example, the carrier 5 (such as a foam plate or a tin foil) is placed and fixed on the circular turntable 13 of the shaping device 1, preferably by means of fasteners provided on the circular turntable 13.
b) One edge side of the tissue specimen 20 is clamped. For example, by first moving the clamping assembly 3 toward the tissue specimen to a proper position and then clamping one edge side of the tissue specimen 20 between the upper clamping member 31 and the lower clamping member 32.
c) The opposite other edge side of the tissue specimen 20 is clamped. This step may be implemented as follows: the clamping assembly 4 is moved horizontally over the carrier 5 toward the clamping assembly 3 until the clamping assembly 4 can clamp the other edge side of the tissue specimen.
d) The tissue specimen 20 is tensioned. The specific modes of the method can be as follows: by means of the adjusting element 7 or by manually pushing and pulling the clamping assembly 4 and the clamping assembly 3, the clamping assembly 4 is moved away from the clamping assembly 3 until the tissue specimen reaches the desired tension.
e) The two edge sides of the tissue specimen are fixed to the carrier 5 by means of fixing members. Detailed description of the invention the method comprises the following steps: the edge of the tissue specimen is fixed to the carrier by means of the fixing elements 11 (indicated by dots in fig. 4), for example by means of fixing pins or fixing nails, through the respective edge openings 10 of the upper clamping elements 31, 41 and of the lower clamping elements 32, 42, wherein, since the tissue specimen is spaced apart from the carrier by a certain distance, the adverse effects of the prior art, which are caused by the uneven carrier, on the shaping of the tissue specimen can be further reduced, and the tissue specimen can be sufficiently infiltrated in the subsequent fixing liquid treatment, preventing the shaping of the tissue specimen from being insufficient.
f) The clamping of the tissue specimen 20 is released. The clamping assemblies 3, 4 are opened and the clamping assemblies 3, 4 are moved away from the tissue specimen, and due to the design of the edge opening 10, the edge side of the tissue specimen can be released easily without affecting the fixing effect.
g) Rotating the tissue specimen 20 horizontally and repeating steps b) to e). The carrier 5 is rotated horizontally with the tissue specimen by a certain angle by means of the circular turntable 13 in order to fix the other edge sides of the tissue specimen to the carrier, and the above steps are repeated until there are enough edge sides fixed to the carrier, thereby completing the uniform tensioning and shaping of the tissue specimen.
h) The tissue specimen 20, which has been shaped, is removed together with the carrier 5. The specific modes of the method can be as follows: the clamping assemblies 3, 4 are opened and the clamping assemblies 3, 4 are moved a sufficient distance away from the tissue specimen to remove the tissue specimen and carrier together, which are secured together.
The examples show or describe possible embodiments of the invention, wherein it is noted here that various combinations of the individual embodiments with one another are also possible.
For the sake of standardization, it is finally pointed out that the shaping device 1 is not shown to scale and/or enlarged and/or reduced in its parts in order to facilitate its construction.
Claims (9)
1. Shaping device for tissue specimens, characterized in that the shaping device (1) comprises a base (2), a first clamping assembly (3) and a second clamping assembly (4), wherein the first clamping assembly (3) and the second clamping assembly (4) are identical in construction and the first clamping assembly (3) and the second clamping assembly (4) each have an upper clamping element (31, 41), a lower clamping element (32, 42) and a holding element (8, 9),
the upper clamping members (31, 41) and the lower clamping members (32, 42) are horizontally movable together with the holding members (8, 9) along a guide (6) provided in the base (2),
the upper clamping members (31, 41) and the corresponding lower clamping members (32, 42) are movable relative to each other such that a gap is formed therebetween for receiving the tissue specimen (20),
a circular recess (14) is provided in the base (2), a circular turntable (13) being rotatably supported in the recess (14) of the base for carrying a carrier (5) for a tissue specimen (20),
the upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part have an outwardly open edge opening (10), wherein the edge openings (10) of the upper clamping part and the corresponding lower clamping part are arranged in an up-down alignment in order to allow the fastening part (11) to pass through.
2. Moulding device according to claim 1, wherein the lower clamping member of the first clamping assembly (3) and the lower clamping member of the second clamping assembly (4) are located at the same height from the upper surface of the base.
3. Moulding device according to claim 1, characterized in that an adjusting element (7) is provided on the base (2), by means of which adjusting element (7) a horizontal movement of the first clamping assembly and the second clamping assembly relative to the base (2) is performed.
4. A shaping device as claimed in claim 1 or 3, wherein the horizontal movement of the first and second clamping assemblies is also effected by direct push-pull by the operator.
5. A shaping device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first clamping assembly (3) and the second clamping assembly (4) have an arcuate front face (17).
6. A shaping device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the upper clamping member (31, 41) and the lower clamping member (32, 42) are individually vertically movable on a holder.
7. A shaping device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the circular turntable (13) is supported with its support (15) on a mating support (16) of the base (2) by means of a bearing (12).
8. A method of shaping a tissue specimen using the shaping device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
a) Fixing a carrier (5) for a tissue specimen (20) in such a way that: placing and fixing the carrier (5) on a circular turntable (13) of the shaping device (1);
b) Clamping one edge side of a tissue specimen (20) in such a way that: moving the first clamping assembly (3) towards the tissue specimen to a suitable position, and subsequently clamping an edge side of the tissue specimen (20) between the upper clamping member and the lower clamping member of the first clamping assembly (3);
c) Clamping the opposite other edge side of the tissue specimen (20) in such a way that: -moving the second clamping assembly (4) horizontally over the carrier (5) towards the first clamping assembly (3) until the second clamping assembly (4) is capable of clamping the other edge side of the tissue specimen;
d) Tensioning the tissue specimen (20) in such a way that: moving the second clamping assembly (4) away from the first clamping assembly (3) until the tissue specimen reaches a desired tension;
e) The two edge sides of the tissue specimen are fixed on the carrier (5) by using a fixing piece in the following way: fixing the edge of the tissue specimen to the carrier by means of a fixing element (11) passing through the respective edge openings (10) of the upper clamping elements (31, 41) and the lower clamping elements (32, 42);
f) Releasing the clamping of the tissue specimen (20) in such a way that: opening each clamping assembly and moving the clamping assembly away from the tissue specimen;
g) Rotating the tissue specimen (20) horizontally and repeating steps b) to f) a plurality of times by: horizontally rotating the carrier (5) lying thereon with the tissue specimen by a defined angle using a circular turntable (13) in order to fix the other edge sides of the tissue specimen to the carrier, steps b) to f) being repeated until there are sufficient edge sides to fix to the carrier;
h) The shaped tissue specimen (20) is removed together with the carrier (5) in such a way that: the clamping assemblies are opened and moved a sufficient distance away from the tissue specimen to remove the secured tissue specimen and carrier together.
9. A method as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the fixing of the carrier (5) in step a) is effected by means of fasteners provided on a circular turntable (13).
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| CN201710262455.4A CN106908297B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | Shaping device for tissue specimens and method for shaping tissue specimens |
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| CN201710262455.4A CN106908297B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | Shaping device for tissue specimens and method for shaping tissue specimens |
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| 眼表羊膜手术的羊膜固定方式;王淑荣 等;《国际眼科杂志》;第869-873页 * |
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