CN106907821A - A kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area - Google Patents
A kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/54—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area, its by HVAC control system platform architecture design, HVAC control system communication modes and interface design、The design of HVAC control system communication speed and response time, HVAC control system are constituted for the part of design five of design and air-conditioner set the high-accuracy temperature-humidity control of sexual function；HVAC control system is made up of server, management work station, operation software, application software, database software, general DDC controllers, special purpose DDC controller and end-equipment.The present invention can improve operating efficiency, save manpower and various resources, fully take into account practicality and the benefit of system, strive for obtaining maximum rate of return on investment, the need for HVAC control system can meet most complicated building control and management completely, it is in leading position in terms of standardized designs, safety and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Industry-oriented and the application system technical field of IT application in enterprises, a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area is particularly related to.
Background technology
At present, with the development of China's economic, the overall living standard of society is increasingly improved, the current consumption of people also more and more higher, and the corresponding overall required auxiliary facility of life is also progressively being built and perfect.During 12, country also is starting progressively to increase the reform to social security medical insurance construction, gradually pay attention to sociomedical construction and people's livelihood concern, the Ministry of Public Health is even more and starts " referring initially to paying after being ill " system of carrying out in an all-round way this year, so as to drive the development of related medical industry comprehensively, Constructing of Hospital is exactly one of branch.In order to tackle the tumor disease and various cancers of more and more appearance, except Constructing of Hospital routinely, country is also progressively increasing the Constructing of Hospital of this type, and the construction of hospital is infrastructure, and realizes that the most important thing of this target is that the configuration of corresponding supporting Medical Devices is built.
Proton heavy ion hospital is to integrate medical treatment, scientific research, teaching, is the modernization of essential therapeutic arsenals, internationalization tumor center with international tip radiotherapy proton heavy particle radiotherapy technology, is the medical institutions for possessing proton heavy ion radiotherapy technology.Hospital, with reference to the tumour diagnosis and treatment means such as other chemicotherapies, supports while sophisticated proton heavy particle therapy is provided as essential therapeutic arsenals for all kinds of tumor screenings, diagnosis and treatment provide strong equipment and technology.
PT regions of the invention specially set Distributed Control System, shared device in its monitor in real time PT region, it is ensured that the running status of the reliability of power supply, the comfortableness of air-conditioning, the stability of technical cooling water temperature, the normality of water-feeding drainaging line, the security that PSS personal securities take precautions against and fire fighting device validity.It is also building equipment automation that it is actual（BA）.Simply in PT regions, the requirement due to PT equipment to shared device is higher, the running status of shared device, whether normal, directly influence PT equipment can normal work and Homes Using TV, therefore its reliability in functional requirement is better than general（BA）, the control content to shared device is more, and it is general to have many monitoring contents（BA）It is no.PT regions Distributed Control System is that the Architectural Equipment and process equipment in hospital PT regions are carried out into decentralised control, centralized watch, management, integration monitoring and management system is realized, so as to provide a safer, more reliable PT equipment working environment.The managerial skills that equipment is run are improved by optimal control, while also reaching energy saving and operating cost, and equipment control automation can be conveniently realized.
HVAC is Heating,
The english abbreviation of Ventilation and Air Conditioning, is exactly heating ventilation and air adjustment.Both the subject and technology of the above had been represented, above-mentioned subject and industry and industry involved by technology had also been represented.HVAC refers to an application branch of learning again, and it has wide influence, Ge Guodouyou HVAC associations in world's architectural design and engineering and manufacturing industry, and HVAC branch of China Architectural Association is the official representative mechanism of China.Thermal conduction study, Engineering Thermodynamics, hydrodynamics are its basic theories bases, and its research and development direction is for the mankind provide more comfortable work and living environment.
The content of the invention
The present invention exists to overcome the shortcomings of prior art, there is provided a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions：A kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area, it is made up of the design of HVAC control system platform architecture, the design of HVAC control system communication modes and interface, HVAC control system communication speed and the design of response time, HVAC control system for the part of design five that the design and air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity of sexual function are controlled；The HVAC control system is made up of server, management work station, operation software, application software, database software, general DDC controllers, special purpose DDC controller and end-equipment.2nd, a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the design of the HVAC control system communication modes and interface, HVAC control system communication modes use BACnet data communication protocols, the interface of HVAC control system uses the network architecture of OPC interface, HVAC control system to be made up of information management layer network, building control layer network and end-equipment key-course.
In the design of HVAC control system communication speed and response time, HVAC control system uses Ethernet framework, and it can make full use of the network bandwidth, display speed to have qualitative leap.
In design of the HVAC control system for sexual function, setting, alarming and managing function, trend analysis function, plan arrangement function, establishment and editing graph, electronic document function, system configuration and maintenance, DYNAMIC DRAWING instrument, information and function of reporting and the dynamic image display function of operator's access rights are included for sexual function.
In the design of air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity control, the parameter that the theoretical model foundation needs of each operating mode are related to includes steam-laden pressure, temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, water capacity, enthalpy and dew point.
HVAC control system platform architecture is divided into 4 layers：Field layer, key-course, management level and transport layer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：The safety and reliability of HVAC control system platform is the basic demand to intelligent building, is that the system integration engineering designs pursued main target.This engineering design will be set about with requirements of the owner analysis, and be carried out the work as target with obtaining the demand of owner's accreditation.The present invention is while ensureing advanced, to improve operating efficiency, manpower and various resources are saved for target carries out engineering design, take into full account practicality and the benefit of system, strive for obtaining maximum rate of return on investment, to ensure the reasonability and economy of HVAC control system platform.
This engineering design and its implementation will be carried out according to the relevant standard of country and place.System means and software selected by us will as far as possible meet industrial standard or prevailing model, meet standardisation requirements.The overall plan of engineering and each subsystem scheme will ensure there is obvious advanced.In view of electronics, information technology is developed rapidly, and technically by appropriate advance, the equipment that is used, product and software is not only ripe but also extension upgradability is strong meets request of advance to the design.The general structure of system will be structuring and modular, with good compatibility and expandability, even if different device products is comprehensive in a system, can enable the system to easily be expanded in the future again, and other device product is extended, with structuring and expandability.HVAC control system is a perfect building equipment monitoring system and intelligent building integrated system, and system is typical magnanimity system, and power system capacity can easily reach more than 1000000 points.
DDC controllers have used the CPU of 133MHz/32, the twice for there was only its bit CPU of data processing speed same frequency 16 of 1/2, the DDC controllers of the CPU of 32 due to the data processing speed of 16 bit CPUs same time, it is ensured that can meet the control application of complexity.
In addition, each DDC controller of HVAC control system, its memory size minimum 32,000,000, maximum 72,000,000, due to sufficient memory size, DDC controllers can preserve more trend datas, therefore, if central workstation or network go wrong, the integrality of trend data can for a long time be ensured.
Meanwhile, the big internal memory of DDC controllers brings other more benefits to user, and such as HVAC control system DDC controllers provide 2 kinds of self-setting functions：Loop tuning and MFA functions, wherein, Loop tuning are a kind of timing PID self-setting functions, and its setting function is discontinuous, and the MFA that HVAC control system is exclusively provided（Model-free Self-tuning System）Function, it is actually a set of expert system for being built in DDC controllers, and the historical data that it can automatically select most worthy carries out dynamic memory, calculated by calling historical data, provides the optimum setting value of current control loop.Its process is real-time, continuous Self-tuning System process.And huge history data store, complicated parameter is calculated, if the data processing speed of HVAC control system DDC controller high speeds, huge memory size, and the realization of its function is inconceivable；Same HVAC control system is built in other expert systems of DDC controllers, such as substantial amounts of energy-saving module also has benefited from the data processing speed and huge memory size of HVAC control system DDC controller high speeds.
In addition, based on present intelligent building management system by being integrated with increasing subsystem, communication bandwidth natively at full stretch is occupied significantly, cause sizable communication burden, so, HVAC control system also provides virtual DDC controllers, and virtual DDC controllers are a parts of Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system.It is a good building level network DDC controller prepared in advance, does not have hardware, in operating in the environment of work station.Virtual DDC controllers can need DDC controllers without the point-connected applications of I/O used in those.It is mainly used in integrated with Third party system, the network overhead of integrated software point about 1/2 can be reduced.
So, the need for HVAC control system can meet most complicated building control and management completely.And building management system is in leading position in terms of information management, open structure, processing speed, structuring, standardized designs, safety and reliability.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is BACnet principle schematics in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the network architecture diagram of HVAC control system of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the psychrometric chart and air conditioner dehumidification schematic diagram of control system of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area, it is made up of the design of HVAC control system platform architecture, the design of HVAC control system communication modes and interface, HVAC control system communication speed and the design of response time, HVAC control system for the part of design five that the design and air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity of sexual function are controlled：
1. the design of HVAC control system platform architecture
HVAC control system platform architecture is based on the multitiered network structure of C/S, B/S, and integrated with other subsystems should be supported comprising most of standard in current building automation and information industry：Can be combined with other systems with different technologies such as COM/DCOM, TCP/IP, BACnet, ODBC, OPC, Active X, JAVA, XML, Modbus.System is by server, management work station, operation software, application software, database software, general DDC controllers, special purpose DDC controller and end-equipment（Various kinds of sensors, valve and executing agency）Deng composition.
The network architecture is divided into 4 layers：Field layer, key-course, management level and transport layer.
1st, field layer：That is DDC communicates field apparatus to Presence Extensions module or band serial ports etc., and field layer includes traditional floor level network（FLN）, it is mainly used in connecting end-equipment DDC controllers, the fan coil DDC controllers that can such as network, vav terminal DDC controllers, point expansion module etc..
2nd, key-course：That is DDC Communication Layers, HVAC control system key-course（DDC Communication Layers）Network is made up of DDC controllers and work station, is named as ALN（Building control layer network）, main DDC controllers include POWER MEC（Modular equipment controller）Controller and PXC MODULAR series（Programmable modularized controller）Controller.Building control layer network（BLN）Using point-to-point（Peer to Peer）Communication mode, same building control layer network（BLN）On DDC controllers can carry out the dialogue without principal and subordinate, be not relying on and work station, do not influence normal operation and the data transfer of system on network during any node failure.
Building control layer network（BLN）The type of RS485 BLN, TCP/IP or BACnet/IP 3, PXC Compact can select according to use occasion（Compact Programmable Logic Controller）, communicated with BACnet/IP communication interfaces, without additional modular converter.
Each PXC Compact controller has independent IP address, is interconnected using BACnet/IP agreements, and communication speed automatically switches in 10M/100Mbps.Every SMT Station Management can manage 64 BACnet/IP networks（4 RS485 can also be connected simultaneously
BLN networks）, and every BACnet/IP network can include up to 1000 equipment, including work station and DDC controllers.The physical link of BACnet/IP can utilize the comprehensive wiring system of building.Support static ip address and DHCP dynamically distributes modes.
HVAC control system is based on bidding documents, system diagram, points table, control principle drawing is equipped with, the system configuration for being provided complies fully with distributing rationally for bidding documents requirement, by HVAC control system design optimization, always points are no more than 60 meters to the DDC controllers under every bus of key-course no more than 100 control points, each point to end distance is no more than.
3rd, management level.Management level backbone network carries out information exchange treatment using ether net mode.（Tcp/ip communication agreement）.The information management layer network of Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system（MLN）By IEEE802.3 standard plannings, high speed modular Ethernet is built（Ethernet）Platform, using standard agreements such as TCP/IP, BACnet/IP, transmission rate 10M/100Mbps automatically switches.Information management layer is that, based on Client/server, the multitiered network structure of Browser/Server architecture, management transport layer backbone network enters row information exchange and processes using Fast Ethernet mode.
HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system is realized with information integration, the data exchange of other building intelligence systems on this layer network.The physical link of information management layer network can utilize the comprehensive wiring system of building, and HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management systems private local area network is divided using vlan technology.Information management layer is mainly made up of hardware devices such as work station, server, client computer, printer, UPS, and in addition the PXC Compact DDC controllers with Ethernet interface of HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system can also be connected directly between on information management layer.HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management systems provide various servers on information management layer.1 HVAC work station real-time monitoring data must be configured on information management layer, remaining server can need to be selected according to information management function.DDC and the facility information with RS485 interfaces pass through network DDC controllers（Protocol converter）Work station is uploaded to, entering row information with database by work station exchanges
4th, transport layer.The integrated system of OPC modes, such as energy consumption management system for monitoring are directly with ether net mode access switch.Other live RS485 communication interfaces, such as water pump of air conditioner speed-regulating control device, handpiece Water Chilling Units, domestic water metered flow meter, cold water house steward, supply mains's metering energy meter of hot water etc., will be incoming by transport layer Ethernet by network commutator access switch nearby positioned at the equipment at scene.All integrated monitoring signals are last to complete unified integrated in overall control center.Transport layer uses Y-connection mode, TCP/IP communications protocol.
2. the design of HVAC control system communication modes and interface
It is well known that automatically controlling, data communication network is different from information network, automatically controlling data communication will not only solve the intercommunication of signal and the interconnection of equipment, mutual identification with greater need for the intercommunication of the information that solves the problems, such as, i.e. information, understand mutually and mutually operable.
The intercommunication of so-called signal, several respects parameters such as i.e. two communication medias for needing the equipment that communicates to be used, signal type, signal magnitude, the input/output matchings of signal and data link layer protocol meet same standard, and distinct device can just be connected to realizes interconnection on consolidated network.
If only realizing apparatus interconnection, but without unified upper-layer protocol, between distinct device can't the Meaning of Information that is transmitted each other of mutual understanding, identification, information mutual communication cannot be realized, be also impossible to realize mutual operable between open system.Interoperability refers to be connected on consolidated network between the equipment of different manufacturers to be communicated by unified application layer protocol and mutually used, and the similar equipment of performance can be realized exchanging, and it is to automatically control the important feature that data communication network is different from general IT networks.
In this case, BACnet arises at the historic moment, and BACnet is a kind of data communication protocol formulated for building automation and coutrol network by U.S. heating, refrigeration and air-conditioning man SCTE.It promulgates that the same year turns into American National Standard in nineteen ninety-five（ANSI）.In January, 2000,15 countries adopted BACnet unanimously as international building automation draft standard in Norway's ISO international conferences, and China explicitly indicates that support BACnet turns into national standard.The most important features of BACnet are to establish a kind of unified data communication format, and it defines 18 kinds of objects, 35 kinds of services, just can freely be communicated according to the equipment of BACnet standard productions, so as to realize real interoperability.It is a wide-open consensus standard from BACnet unlike other controlling bus standards, anyone can propose improvement project to it, and need not pay any patent fee.The release of BACnet agreements so that the integrated Opening of building system, meets owners and needs to find one kind and can break single source of supply and monopolize, and carries out competitive bidding and allows the market demand of the open system of selection best product.The birth of BACnet standards, finishes the situation that the numerous producers in building automatic field do things in his own way.
BACnet as a kind of standard open type data communication protocol, it is allowed to the equipment of mixed different manufacturers, and the service of unified data communication and the operating platform of agreement can be provided for these equipment.This only provide the user bigger selection space, and upgrading to system, safeguard and provide flexibility.In distributed resource network, each node will realize interoperability, and the information or message of interoperability must just be transmitted like clockwork between the economize on electricity that interoperates.The instrument of transmission interoperability information or message is exactly communication network.Therefore, BACnet standards transmit interoperability with management information or the communication network of message between must being also defined on building automation equipment.
The application that it is critical only that OOA and D method of BACnet standard implementations interoperability：1）Define interoperability method for expressing --- the object of building automation equipment；2）Definition interoperability building automation equipment interoperability building automation equipment interoperability ----order, or information definition ----service；3）It is defined on the instrument ----communication network of interoperability building automation equipment room transmission service；4）Define the grammer and form of interoperability information ----coding；5）Define the checking and test of agreement.More than constitute five major parts for connecting each other in BACnet substances.Relation between object, service and communication network is as shown in Figure 1.
The BACnet HVAC workstation softwares and BACnet controllers of HVAC control system are the building control systems of new generation for collecting ethernet technology, WEB technologies, open technique, microchip technology, expert's platform technology and Model free control technology and one, and it also has the impayable advantage in terms of compatibility and reliability.
BTL certifications：In order to ensure the interoperability of BACnet equipment, BACnet test laboratories（BTL）To the list of devices that industry issue passes through by the test of BACnet laboratories, and BTL authentication marks are issued to the product by testing.BACnet AEMs（BMA）And BTL（BACnet test laboratories）Define the standard device of 6 types：1）B-OWS (BACnet- work station level)；2）B-BC (BACnet- general purpose controllers level)；3）B-AAC (BACnet- field controllers level)；4）B-ASC (BACnet- nonshared control units level)；5）B-ASC (BACnet- actuators level)；6）B-ASC (BACnet- sensor-levels).
For BACnet equipment, B-OWS (BACnet- work station level) requires to complete all BACnet functions, it is to interoperability requirement highest BACnet equipment, HVAC peaks system BACnet to ensure that and carry out free communication with the equipment of other BACnet standard productions, so as to realize real interoperability.Software platform with BACnet options provides the BACnet functions of updating, and improves the performance of work station, supports the controller redaction of BTL certifications.The BACnet options of software platform provide the integrated functionality of Ethernet BACnet/IP client and servers.Client option supports the communication with HVAC and third party BACnet systems and equipment, is capable of achieving following functions：Monitoring and order BACnet objects, set up BACnet timetables, and backup BACnet databases receive and confirm BACnet alarms, set up and read BACnet trend records etc..Server option supports that the point in HVAC P2 agreements is output as the object of BACnet, client monitors and order for third party BACnet.
With the issue of BACnet controllers and BACnet software platforms, HVAC robot control system(RCS)s have realized the support to BACnet comprehensively.Newest controller and workstation software create completely compatible work station and device level platform for building control field.To provide integrated convenience using the building system of standard agreement.In fact, new controller version has passed through BTL（BACnet test laboratories）Certification, so as to ensure the support completely to BACnet agreements.The design of workstation software is also the need for meeting BTL certifications.
OPC interface：HVAC building management systems are to integrate present information integrated technology, open mechanics of communication, the intellectualizing system of collecting and distributing type automated control technology, and its network architecture is by information management layer network（MLN）, building control layer network（BLN）With end-equipment key-course（FLN）Composition, wherein building control layer network（BLN）It is the core of HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management systems.
HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management systems use Distributed Control System, decentralised control, Centralized Monitoring management, designed by " scattering of risk " principle, the normal operation of system and the transmission of signal will not be influenceed during any node failure, ensure that each subsystem relatively independent can be controlled, centralized management can be accomplished again in central workstation simultaneously, different sub-systems can realize interconnection, intercommunication and combined operation by regulatory requirement.
3. the design of HVAC control system communication speed and response time
1）Field layer：DDC to TX-I/O expansion module speed 38.4K；2）Key-course 10/100M each DDC controller has independent IP address, is interconnected using BACnet/IP agreements, and communication speed automatically switches in 10M/100Mbps；3）Management transport layer backbone network is >=100M, HVAC control system HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system is realized being communicated between work station by the ICP/IP protocol of standard, management transport layer backbone network enters row information exchange and processes using the Fast Ethernet mode of standard, it is compatible all by IEEE802.3 standard plannings, build high speed modular Ethernet（Ethernet）Platform；4）DDC sampling precisions are 12, and data display resolution ratio is decimal point 1.
HVAC Ground Connection in Intelligent Building management system takes the lead in employing Ethernet framework in BA control fields, because its framework is advanced, the network bandwidth, display speed can be made full use of to have compared qualitative leap with RS485 frameworks, and the response time is calculated as follows：Explain that an order is less than 0.5 second on work station；The communication speed of bus is 100Mbps, and the average byte number per auspicious order is 32 bytes, and the equipment in every bus is 72；The CPU speeds of service of DDC are 133MHz, and the command translation program of DDC is averagely made up of 64 instructions, and 8 clock cycle perform an instruction.
Real time data delivery time=100 millisecond [relay reaction time]+1540 microseconds（64
* 8 / 133000000）+ 10 milliseconds of+100 milliseconds of [the command translation program of DDC, in terms of 400 points] [the data collision time in bus]（1 /（2000000
/ （8 * 32 * 72）））[the order transmission time in bus, with 2M bandwidth meters]+0.5 second [work station explains that subcommand time is 0.5 second], is as a result approximately equal to 700ms, it can be seen that 1 second real-time delivery time of subsystem.
The transmission of system control command, the time of control command transmission is identical with the time of data transfer, and what is only transmitted is in opposite direction.Equipment response time=100 millisecond [relay reaction time]+
1540 microseconds（64 * 8 / 133000000）+ 10 milliseconds of+100 milliseconds of [the command translation program of DDC, in terms of 400 points] [the data collision time in bus]（1
/（2000000 / （8 * 32 * 72）））[the order transmission time in bus, with 2M bandwidth meters]+
0.5 second [work station explains that subcommand time is 0.5 second], is as a result approximately equal to 700ms, so the response time for starting execution action is less than 1 second.
1S is less than from system work substation to the time of data transfer system server, according to the Time Calculation that 100M Ethernet datas are transmitted.
1）+ 0.5 second [work station explains that subcommand time is 0.5 second]=2200ms, overall control center screen data refresh time≤3 second of overall control center screen data refresh time=700ms (system real-time Data Transmission time)+1S (from system work substation to the time of data transfer system server).
2）Overall control center sends control instruction to controlled device actuation time=1S (from system work substation to the time of data transfer system server)+700ms (transmission time of system control command)=1700ms, and distributed control center sends control instruction to controlled device actuation time≤2 second
4. design of the HVAC control system for sexual function
Operator's access rights：
System manager is allowed to distribute user of the different authorities to each application program by access rights.For example, an operator may need to edit a scheduled events, but it is not required to the authority of editing graph.Each application software is checked, edited and command authority.Given authority can be saved in any terminal, the work station or operator interface of field controller with operator.This just imparts system manager by different grades of operator or sets the ability of authority on demand.User account is based on the Windows user's account for having existed；The authority of application program is based on checking, editing and command authority that these authorities can distribute to operator according to different demands；Each operator has the password of oneself individual；General-purpose accessing authority is effective in the range of whole system；Access can also be assigned to object（Such as：Point）；The activity log that operator logged in and exited work station and field controller can be recorded
Alarming and managing：
Alarming and managing permission operator carries out alarm failure detection when alarm occurs, without influence current task.Alarming and managing function allows operator to check, detects alarm only related to their work or region.Alarming and managing includes：Instant alarm and the alarm simple list of state；Alarm priority is not divided into 6 grades, and is assigned to the convenient observation of different colors；Support the audible alarm of .wav files；Strengthen the distribution of alarm；Warning message includes the identity information of operator；Check that alarm history is recorded；Enclose the memorandum of alarm logging；Warning message is customized to each alarm, specific operator's explanation is provided with this；Alert management program may be selected.
Trend analysis：
Software has trend analysis function, it is allowed to which operator easily monitors, stores the historical record of point value.Trend control is particularly useful for monitoring key point or other vital points, such as：Exhaust steam moisture or relative humidity.Trend point data on a workstation can be by field controller automatic data collection, and any work station on network can all obtain trend point data.Trend report is easy to create.Trend analysis guide easy to use is built and usage trend strategy with instructing operator.The complexity that user need not understand building system both can report information.
Plan is arranged：
Plan Configuration Program is simple to operate, it is easy to understand.He can allow user's establishment plan, reflect building with this specifically movable.The arrangement of plan includes that general date and one week of Special Day plan, and the special project prepared for festivals or holidays and special event.The flexibility of plan allows the optimal activity schedule also can be related to equipment, and these device reports also can in advance carry out plan arrangement.
Create and editing graph：
With based on the powerful graphics software on Microsoft Windows, we can easily create and editing graph.Graphics software contains basic drawing function and includes：Straight line, framework, garden, camber line, the text of oval and more multi-font, size and color.There is the color palette of many combinations, operator may be selected to use the color of standard, or self-defined.Graphics software supports database function, it is allowed to which operator selects HVAC icons from template window and they are placed on new drawing.Operator can also import the pattern for having existed from drawing bag or AutoCAD drawing bags.
Electronic document：
The electronic library of revision is contained every time：Current version information, online side group and printable user's operating guidance.These files have recorded the step of farthest using each program how step by step in detail, and allow fast browsing whole system.
System configuration and maintenance：
Backup tool provides function：Backup and reply database, plan arrange DB Backup, delete undesired backup, vacate disk space.System documentation provides image, system-wide control to define, configuring with the whole building control network of management.
DYNAMIC DRAWING instrument：
DYNAMIC DRAWING instrument shows that the numerical value of up to 15 points is easy to diagnosis and debugging system simultaneously.Obtain and storage trend chart is to be for future reference.Easily set up and savepoint is in template, run when needed.
Information and report：
Software greatly enhances information and function of reporting, can not only be supplied to user profile, and can the whole building environment of deep monitored.Simple form has realized standardization.When acquisition information is needed, user does not have to concern the complexity of building control system.Software includes the report form template that kind more than 60 can be configured.Annual plan or the plan of straddling over year can be in advance formulated, is run when needed.Report can according to personal choice according to plan area's printing, preserve or sent in the form of E-mail.After user maps out form, even if when he leaves, will not also miss any report and important information.
Dynamic image：
The information of automatic display point, and dynamically updated on figure；On graphical link to building-block of logic, so on equipment choice, operator can promptly select respective air processing unit on architectural plan；Just can be from other application software screens such as by title or point：In alarm screen or tendency chart, figure is directly accessed；Motion graphics can allow user on the basis of based on point value, define the visual activity of control；Can be checked by each figure and order point value；Simulation bar can be added in figure, be used to monitor and control the analogue value such as set point or still air pressure, and bound can also show simultaneously；Figure can be to related application program or document links；Figure can by operator the need for create, and carry out self-defined.
5. the design of air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity control
Four important areas in treatment Cang Shi PT areas, respectively by an airconditioning control, the constant temperature and humidity of indoor temperature and humidity directly affects the accuracy of the measurement of room devices and the effect for the treatment of in four treatment storehouses.On the premise of four treatment storehouses cannot install precision air conditioner, the effect of storehouse constant temperature and humidity can only be treated to reach by the transformation and the fine debugging of program to conventional four-pipe system air-conditioning.
Reforming content：Pressure, temperature and the flow of turnover supply mains are checked, the monitoring to Cooling and Heat Source pressure and temperature is realized；Whether the cold and heating power checked into every air-conditioning meet demand, and scene is really enough colds, and not enough, in the case where that cannot increase end turnover supply mains's caliber, plus an electric heating equipment is the feasible method of comparing to heat；Cold valves and hot water valve will carry out the Linear Control of certain precision, it is ensured that flow it is linear controllable, while valve will have dynamic equilibrium function, balance the pressure oscillation of pipe network；The switching value point control of original equipment wet-film humidifying and humidification method are too extensive, humidification amount be not too it is big be exactly it is too small, it is uneven.Changing an atomizing steam ratio humidifier can realize that the uniform release of humidification amount and ratio are controllable；High-precision control needs high-precision sensor, and 0.6,5%, 0.1,1%, air-supply humiture, air return humiture, room humiture are required for high-precision sensor to humidity to the temperature error rank of high-precision sensor to humidity to common temperature sensor precision；It is long-term to collect data, under different outdoor temperature humidity operating modes, collect every and treat the corresponding air-conditioning data in storehouse, the correlation of outdoor temperature humidity, air-supply humiture, air return humiture, Cold-hot water valve aperture, humidifier ratio aperture, electrical heating ratio aperture and room humiture.The model of different operating modes is set up, corresponding control logic is drawn, then observes the amplitude modulation ratio of humiture for a long time on this basis, the pid value of corresponding adjustment control logic.
Annotation：Current closed-loop automatic control technology is all based on the concept of feedback to reduce uncertainty.The key element of feedback theory includes three parts：Measure, compare and perform.Measurement concerns the actual value of controlled variable, compared with desired value, with this deviation come the response of correcting system, performs regulation control.In engineering in practice, the adjuster control law being most widely used is ratio, integration, differential control, abbreviation PID control, also known as PID regulations.
PID controller（Proportional-integral derivative controller）It is a common backfeed loop part in Industry Control Application, is made up of proportional unit P, integral unit I and differentiation element D.PID（Ratio（proportion）, integration（integration）, differential（differentiation））Controller, as the existing last 100 yearses history of controller practical earliest, is currently still most widely used industrial control unit (ICU).PID controller is easily understood, and the prerequisites such as accurate system model are not required in use, thus as the controller being most widely used.
PID controller is by proportional unit（P）, integral unit（I）And differentiation element（D）Composition.Its input e (t）With output u (t）Relation for the bound integrated in u (t)=kp [e (t)+1/TI ∫ e (t) dt+TD*de (t)/dt] formula be respectively 0 and t, therefore its transmission function is：G (s)=U (s)/E (s)=kp [1+1/ (TI*s)+TD*s] wherein kp is proportionality coefficient；TI is integration time constant；TD is derivative time constant.The theoretical model of each operating mode is set up and is related to many parameters：Temperature, humidity（Including relative humidity and absolute humidity）, water capacity, enthalpy, dew point, steam-laden pressure etc..
Temperature：The physical quantity for representing the cold and hot degree of object, it is microcosmic it is upper for be object molecular thermalmotion severe degree.Some characteristics that temperature can only be varied with temperature by object are indirectly measured.
Relative humidity：Refer to the percentage of vapour pressure and saturation vapour pressure in air.The ratio between the absolute humidity of humid air and the maximum absolute humidity being likely to be breached at identical temperature.The ratio between steam partial pressure and saturation pressure of water at identical temperature also referred to as in humid air.
Absolute temperature：In normal conditions in (760mmHg) every cubic metre of humid air institute's moisture vapor weight, i.e. in bulk density ρ=2.169P/ (273.15+ θ) (1) formula of water vapour, ρ is absolute humidity (g/m3), and wherein P is water vapor pressure, unit Pa
。
Water capacity：Water capacity refer in humid air with a kg dry air simultaneously and the quality of vapor deposited.
Enthalpy：Refer to the total amount of heat contained in air, generally on the basis of the unit mass of dry air, referred to as specific enthalpy.Enthalpy is referred to as in engineering, refers to the summation of the enthalpy of the enthalpy and the vapor corresponding with it of a kg dry air.
Dew point：Also known as dew-point temperature（Dew point temperature）, refer to that under fixed air pressure, contained vaporous water reaches saturation and condenses into the temperature be down to required for aqueous water in air in meteorology.
Steam-laden pressure：Also known as saturated vapor pressure, refer to the water vapour pressure that the gas phase of water under airtight condition reaches under balance i.e. saturation state with liquid phase.The pressure value is relevant with corresponding temperature.
Fig. 3 is psychrometric chart and air conditioner dehumidification principle, and human comfort region is temperature 22-27, relative humidity 40%-60%.In figure by taking hot and humid 35 degree of 60% air as an example, absolute humidity is 22g/kg, the first step makes former air cooling-down to 27 degrees Celsius of dew-point temperature by cooling, enthalpy reduction, now saturation 100% of the relative humidity in former air, absolute humidity is also in 22g/kg, second step then continues to be cooled to 14 degrees Celsius of the corresponding dew-point temperature of zone of comfort, the now relative humidity 100% in air, but absolute humidity only has 10g/kg, steam is separated out by cooling coil, and at this time the humidity in former air is just removed, and this process is just called supercooling dehumidifying.3rd step increases treated air reheat to 24 degrees Celsius, enthalpy, the constant 10g/kg of absolute humidity, but relative humidity is reduced to 53%.Now just complete a complete model.It is the common weather such as most of the time, the bright spring day in spring, the yellow plum day in summer that this model is corresponding.
Second model is that the air of high temperature low humidity is passed through to lower the temperature the method for humidifying air-treatment to zone of comfort, process must first be cooled to comfort temperature, humidify again to comfort humidity, if first humidifying, because hot-air is more than what cold air was eager to excel containing wet ability, former air can be caused hot and humid, then processed by the first model, can so increase many energy consumptions.It is the bright spring day of early winter autumn Mo that this model is corresponding.
The third model is that the air of low temperature and low humidity is passed through the method for heating and moistening air-treatment to zone of comfort, process must first be heated up to comfort temperature, humidify again to comfort humidity, if first humidifying, because cold air is containing much weaker than hot-air of wet ability, former air absolute humidity can be caused not enough, even if relative humidity has been saturated to 100%.It is the most of the time in winter that this model is corresponding.
4th kind of model be the method that the air of low temperature and high relative humidity is heated by cool-down dehumidification again air-treatment to zone of comfort, process must first be cooled to the corresponding dew-point temperature of comfort temperature, absolute humidity be lowered, then humidify to comfort humidity.It is the rainy spell in winter that this model is corresponding.By each different operating mode above and relative to each model structure so that the theoretical model of high-precision control is established.
Finally it should be noted that; above content is merely illustrative of the technical solution of the present invention; rather than limiting the scope of the invention, simple modification or equivalent that one of ordinary skill in the art is carried out to technical scheme, all without departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area, it is characterised in that：The HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area is made up of the design of HVAC control system platform architecture, the design of HVAC control system communication modes and interface, HVAC control system communication speed and the design of response time, HVAC control system for the part of design five that the design and air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity of sexual function are controlled；The HVAC control system is made up of server, management work station, operation software, application software, database software, general DDC controllers, special purpose DDC controller and end-equipment.
2. a kind of HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the design of the HVAC control system communication modes and interface, HVAC control system communication modes use BACnet data communication protocols, the interface of HVAC control system uses the network architecture of OPC interface, HVAC control system to be made up of information management layer network, building control layer network and end-equipment key-course.
3. the HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In design of the HVAC control system for sexual function, setting, alarming and managing function, trend analysis function, plan arrangement function, establishment and editing graph, electronic document function, system configuration and maintenance, DYNAMIC DRAWING instrument, information and function of reporting and the dynamic image display function of operator's access rights are included for sexual function.
4. the HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the design of air-conditioner set high-accuracy temperature-humidity control, the parameter that the theoretical model foundation needs of each operating mode are related to includes steam-laden pressure, temperature, relative humidity, absolute humidity, water capacity, enthalpy and dew point.
5. the HVAC control system for being applied to proton heavy ion hospital equipment area according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The HVAC control system platform architecture is divided into 4 layers：Field layer, key-course, management level and transport layer.
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