CN106907706B - Ignition device and combustor - Google Patents
Ignition device and combustor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106907706B CN106907706B CN201710260715.4A CN201710260715A CN106907706B CN 106907706 B CN106907706 B CN 106907706B CN 201710260715 A CN201710260715 A CN 201710260715A CN 106907706 B CN106907706 B CN 106907706B
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- Prior art keywords
- ignition
- flaring
- annular
- ignition source
- pulverized coal
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D1/00—Burners for combustion of pulverulent fuel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of burner ignition devices, in particular to an ignition device and a burner. According to the ignition device, the outer layer of an ignition source is a columnar ignition source shell or sheath, a necking component and a flaring component are sequentially arranged on the ignition source shell or sheath along the flowing direction of pulverized coal, and a gap is arranged between the necking component and the flaring component; the necking assembly comprises an annular necking; the flare assembly includes an annular flare. The ignition device provided by the invention can not only improve the concentration of the pulverized coal at the ignition source, but also reduce the speed of the pulverized coal, so that the concentration and the flow rate of the pulverized coal at the ignition source are beneficial to ignition operation, and the ignition source can more effectively ignite the pulverized coal airflow after the speed reduction of the accumulated pulverized coal, thereby improving the ignition effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of burner ignition devices, in particular to an ignition device and a burner.
Background
The traditional method for starting, stopping and stabilizing combustion of the coal-fired boiler in the thermal power plant under low load adopts a method for combusting heavy oil and diesel oil, consumes a large amount of fuel oil each year, and seriously affects the economic benefit of enterprises. In order to avoid the defects, at present, a plasma ignition technology is commonly used to replace the original ignition technology, the plasma ignition technology can directly ignite pulverized coal in a pulverized coal burner of an internal combustion chamber, a large amount of fuel oil is saved, and in general, the plasma ignition burner is mostly of a multi-stage cylinder structure.
Chinese patent CN 101846315B discloses a pulverized coal concentrating device (fig. 1) and a pulverized coal burner (fig. 2) comprising the same. The pulverized coal concentrating device in fig. 1 comprises a cylindrical rear section 101 and a bowl-shaped front section 102 formed by curved surfaces, wherein the rear section and the front section can be fixed together or can be separated at a certain distance. The wind powder flow enters the bowl-shaped front section 102 from the bowl opening 109, is concentrated to a concentration level suitable for ignition through the diversion and concentration effect of the bowl-shaped structure, and enters the rear section 101 from the bowl bottom opening 103 after being ignited, finally the burning flame is rapidly expanded at the outlet of the concentration device to be strongly mixed with the pulverized coal of the first-stage stable combustion cylinder, so that the coal-coal heat transfer of the flame is promoted, the ignition transfer process of the coal flame is easier to form, and a reliable step-by-step amplification fire source is generated. The pulverized coal burner comprising the pulverized coal concentration device of the present invention in fig. 2 comprises two stages of stable combustion barrels 201 and 202, and the pulverized coal concentration device is arranged between a plasma generator 301 and the first stage stable combustion barrel 201. The plasma generator 301 protrudes into the bowl-like structure of the front section 102 of the pulverized coal concentration device and the outlet of the pulverized coal concentration device, i.e. the outlet of the cylindrical structure of said rear section 101 protrudes into the first stage combustion stabilizing cylinder 201. The distance between the plasma generator and the bowl bottom opening of the front section, namely the inlet of the rear section, is 10mm to 100mm.
The prior art has the defects that: the amount of coal powder at the ignition source of the plasma generator is large, the flowing speed of the coal powder is high, the arc ignition energy of the plasma generator is limited, and all the coal powder near the ignition source cannot be effectively ignited, so that the ignition reliability is poor, and the ignition effect is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an ignition device and a combustor, which are used for solving the technical problems that in the prior art, the amount of coal dust is large, the flow speed is high, an ignition source cannot ignite all coal dust, and the ignition reliability is poor.
To achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an ignition device comprises a burner cylinder, wherein a pulverized coal airflow inlet is formed in the burner cylinder, and an ignition source is arranged in the burner cylinder;
the outer layer of the ignition source is a columnar ignition source shell or sheath, a necking component and a flaring component are sequentially arranged on the ignition source shell or sheath along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal, and a gap is arranged between the necking component and the flaring component;
the shrinkage assembly comprises an annular shrinkage cavity sleeved on the ignition source shell or the sheath, and the outer diameter of the annular shrinkage cavity is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal;
the flaring assembly comprises an annular flaring, the inner diameter of the annular flaring is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal, and the inner diameter of the annular flaring is larger than the outer diameter of the ignition source shell or the sheath.
Further, the combustor barrel further comprises a stable combustion barrel, and the ignition source, the necking assembly and the flaring assembly are all arranged in the stable combustion barrel.
Further, the flaring included angle of the annular flaring is alpha, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 0 degrees and less than 180 degrees.
Further, the axial distance between the front end of the annular flaring and the tail end of the ignition source is-200 mm to +100mm.
Further, the gap is an axial distance from the tail end of the annular necking to the front end of the annular flaring, and the gap is 20-300mm.
Further, the stable combustion cylinder is a multistage stable combustion cylinder and comprises a plurality of stable combustion cylinders, and the stable combustion cylinders are sequentially sleeved head to tail or are arranged at intervals.
Further, the ignition source is generated by at least one of a plasma generator, a micro-oil ignition gun, and a gas torch.
The invention also provides a combustor which comprises the ignition device.
When the ignition device provided by the invention is used, along the flowing direction of coal powder, the coal powder air flow passes through the annular shrinkage opening, the coal powder is disturbed to form coal powder turbulence, the coal powder is collected to the ignition source, the concentration of the coal powder can be improved, part of wind in the coal powder turbulence is diffused to the periphery at a gap, most of the coal powder can be collected to the annular flaring opening due to inertia of the coal powder, the inner diameter of the annular flaring opening is gradually increased, the speed of the coal powder air flow is gradually reduced, and finally, a coal powder air flow with higher concentration and slower flow speed of the coal powder is formed at the ignition source.
The ignition device can improve the concentration of the pulverized coal at the ignition source, simultaneously can reduce the speed of the pulverized coal, ensures that the concentration and the flow speed of the pulverized coal at the ignition source are favorable for ignition operation, and can more effectively ignite the pulverized coal flow after the speed reduction of the accumulated pulverized coal, thereby improving the ignition effect.
According to the burner provided by the invention, by using the ignition device, the ignition effect can be improved, and the ignition is reliable and stable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a pulverized coal concentrating apparatus according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a pulverized coal burner including the pulverized coal concentrating apparatus according to the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of an ignition device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition device provided by the invention with a flaring angle of 0 degrees;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the ignition device provided by the invention with a combustion stabilizing cylinder;
fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an annular flare of an ignition device provided by the present invention.
In the figure:
1. an ignition source housing or sheath; 2. an ignition source; 3. annular necking; 4. annular flaring; 5. a cylinder; 6. a plasma generator; 7. and a stable combustion cylinder.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by the specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 3-6, an ignition device comprises a burner cylinder 5, wherein a pulverized coal airflow inlet is arranged on the burner cylinder 5, and an ignition source 2 is arranged in the burner cylinder 5;
the outer layer of the ignition source 2 is a columnar ignition source shell or sheath 1, a necking component and a flaring component are sequentially arranged on the ignition source shell or sheath 1 along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal, and a gap is arranged between the necking component and the flaring component;
the necking assembly comprises an annular necking 3 sleeved on the ignition source shell or the sheath 1, and the outer diameter of the annular necking 3 is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal;
the flaring assembly comprises an annular flaring 4, the inner diameter of the annular flaring 4 is gradually increased along the flowing direction of coal dust, and the inner diameter of the annular flaring 4 is larger than the outer diameter of the ignition source shell or sheath 1.
When the ignition device is used, the ignition source 2 is arranged along the flow velocity direction of coal powder, at least one of a plasma generator, a micro-oil ignition gun and a gas torch is used for generating the ignition source 2, after the coal powder passes through the necking component, the coal powder concentration at the ignition source 2 is improved, when the coal powder reaches the flaring component, the flow velocity of the coal powder can be reduced, and then the ignition source 2 can be used for effectively igniting the high-concentration low-speed coal powder, so that the ignition effect can be improved.
The combustor barrel 5 also comprises a stable combustion barrel 7, and the ignition source 2, the necking component and the flaring component are all arranged in the stable combustion barrel 7. In order to achieve better combustion effect, the stable combustion cylinder 7 is arranged outside the ignition source 2, and after the ignition is completed, flame can be fully combusted in the stable combustion cylinder 7, so that the flame is in a stable state, and the ignition effect is better.
The stable combustion cylinder 7 can comprise a plurality of stable combustion cylinders 7 according to coal quality and working conditions, and the stable combustion cylinders 7 are sequentially sleeved head and tail or arranged at intervals.
Preferably, the annular flare 4 has a flare angle α, as shown in FIG. 6, wherein 0.ltoreq.α < 180 °. The inner wall of the annular flaring 4 is inclined, the included angle between the inclined wall and the horizontal plane is more than or equal to 0 and less than 90 degrees, the flaring included angle can enable the inner space of the annular flaring 4 to be gradually enlarged along the flowing direction of pulverized coal, and the corresponding space is enlarged, so that the speed of the pulverized coal is reduced.
Preferably, the axial distance between the front end of the annular flare 4 and the end of the ignition source 2 is-200 mm to +100mm. When the annular flaring 4 is arranged, the annular flaring 4 is sleeved on the ignition source shell or the sheath 1, at the moment, the minimum inner diameter of the annular flaring 4 is not contacted with the outer wall of the ignition source shell or the sheath 1, namely, the minimum inner diameter of the annular flaring 4 is also larger than the outer diameter of the ignition source shell or the sheath 1, so that flowing pulverized coal can be ensured to smoothly flow into the annular flaring 4.
The clearance is the axial distance from the tail end of the annular necking 3 to the front end of the annular flaring 4, and the clearance is 20-300mm. A gap must be provided between the necking assembly and the flaring assembly, the width of which can be set according to the coal quality, preferably the gap is 20-300mm.
The invention also provides a combustor which comprises the ignition device.
When the burner is specifically used, the burner cylinder 5, the plasma generator 6 and the stable combustion cylinder 7 are coaxial, coal powder flows in the cylinder 5 along the axial direction of the burner cylinder, in the coal powder flowing process, the coal powder firstly passes through the annular shrinkage opening 3, the coal powder at the annular shrinkage opening 3 generates disturbance to form coal powder disturbance flow, the coal powder is collected to the ignition source 2, the concentration of the coal powder at the ignition source 2 is further improved, the coal powder and the coal powder disturbance flow continue to flow, part of wind directions in the air flow are diffused all around at the gap between the annular shrinkage opening 3 and the annular flaring 4, the coal powder is collected into the annular flaring 4 along with the disturbance flow under the action of inertia, the inner diameter of the coal powder in the annular flaring 4 is gradually increased, and the corresponding speed of the coal powder is gradually reduced. At this time, high-concentration and low-flow-rate coal dust is formed at the ignition source 2, the ignition source 2 can fully ignite the coal dust, and the ignition effect is better.
The technical principle of the present invention is described above in connection with the specific embodiments. The description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in any way as limiting the scope of the invention. Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of this specification without undue burden.
Claims (6)
1. The ignition device is characterized by comprising a burner cylinder (5), wherein a pulverized coal airflow inlet is formed in the burner cylinder (5), and an ignition source (2) is arranged in the burner cylinder (5);
the outer layer of the ignition source (2) is a columnar ignition source shell or sheath (1), a necking component and a flaring component are sequentially arranged on the ignition source shell or sheath (1) along the flowing direction of coal dust, and a gap is arranged between the necking component and the flaring component;
the shrinkage assembly comprises an annular shrinkage (3) sleeved on the ignition source shell or the sheath, and the outer diameter of the annular shrinkage (3) is gradually reduced along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal;
the flaring assembly comprises an annular flaring (4), the inner diameter of the annular flaring (4) is gradually increased along the flowing direction of the pulverized coal, and the inner diameter of the annular flaring (4) is larger than the outer diameter of the ignition source shell or sheath (1);
the axial distance between the front end of the annular flaring (4) and the tail end of the ignition source (2) is-200 mm to +100mm;
the gap is the axial distance from the tail end of the annular shrinkage opening (3) to the front end of the annular flaring (4), and the gap is 20-300mm.
2. The ignition device of claim 1, wherein the burner cylinder (5) further comprises a combustion stabilizing cylinder (7), and the ignition source (2), the necking assembly and the flaring assembly are all arranged in the combustion stabilizing cylinder (7).
3. Ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the annular flare (4) has a flare angle α, wherein 0 ° - α < 180 °.
4. The ignition device according to claim 2, characterized in that the combustion stabilizing cylinder (7) comprises a plurality of combustion stabilizing cylinders (7) for a multi-stage combustion stabilizing cylinder, and the combustion stabilizing cylinders (7) are sequentially sleeved or arranged at intervals from head to tail.
5. The ignition device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ignition source (2) is generated by at least one of a plasma generator, a micro-oil ignition gun, a gas torch.
6. A burner comprising an ignition device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710260715.4A CN106907706B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | Ignition device and combustor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710260715.4A CN106907706B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | Ignition device and combustor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106907706A CN106907706A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
| CN106907706B true CN106907706B (en) | 2023-12-08 |
Family
ID=59211353
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710260715.4A Active CN106907706B (en) | 2017-04-20 | 2017-04-20 | Ignition device and combustor |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106907706B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109028051B (en) * | 2018-10-22 | 2024-04-30 | 北京巴布科克·威尔科克斯有限公司 | Three-cyclone low-CO high-efficiency pulverized coal burner |
Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09329304A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN2391107Y (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2000-08-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Plasma ignitor for direct-ignition pulverized furnace |
| CN1294278A (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Plasma igniter for direet ignition of coal powder furnace |
| CN2429752Y (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-05-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Two stage flame ignitor for coal powder directly |
| KR20020024430A (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-30 | 윤영석 | Low Nitrogen Oxide Coal Firing Burner |
| CN101718433A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-06-02 | 王福珍 | Novel multi-channel coal powder combustor |
| CN101832550A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Swirl pulverized-coal burner based on multi-level pulverized-coal concentration |
| CN202792007U (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-13 | 扬州市银焰机械有限公司 | Crossed-jetting-type low-nitrogen energy-saving pulverized coal burner for rotary kiln |
| WO2014027611A1 (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Solid fuel burner and method for operating combustion device provided with solid fuel burner |
| CN205897210U (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-01-18 | 京能十堰热电有限公司 | A plasma ignition system for thermal power factory |
| CN206669724U (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-11-24 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | A kind of igniter and burner |
| CN111706858A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-25 | 李心鹏 | Pulverized coal ignition device for power station boiler and kiln |
-
2017
- 2017-04-20 CN CN201710260715.4A patent/CN106907706B/en active Active
Patent Citations (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH09329304A (en) * | 1996-06-07 | 1997-12-22 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Pulverized coal burner |
| CN2391107Y (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2000-08-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Plasma ignitor for direct-ignition pulverized furnace |
| CN1294278A (en) * | 1999-10-26 | 2001-05-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Plasma igniter for direet ignition of coal powder furnace |
| CN2429752Y (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2001-05-09 | 烟台开发区龙源电力燃烧控制工程有限公司 | Two stage flame ignitor for coal powder directly |
| KR20020024430A (en) * | 2000-09-25 | 2002-03-30 | 윤영석 | Low Nitrogen Oxide Coal Firing Burner |
| CN101718433A (en) * | 2010-01-19 | 2010-06-02 | 王福珍 | Novel multi-channel coal powder combustor |
| CN101832550A (en) * | 2010-06-18 | 2010-09-15 | 上海交通大学 | Swirl pulverized-coal burner based on multi-level pulverized-coal concentration |
| WO2014027611A1 (en) * | 2012-08-14 | 2014-02-20 | バブコック日立株式会社 | Solid fuel burner and method for operating combustion device provided with solid fuel burner |
| CN202792007U (en) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-03-13 | 扬州市银焰机械有限公司 | Crossed-jetting-type low-nitrogen energy-saving pulverized coal burner for rotary kiln |
| CN205897210U (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2017-01-18 | 京能十堰热电有限公司 | A plasma ignition system for thermal power factory |
| CN206669724U (en) * | 2017-04-20 | 2017-11-24 | 烟台龙源电力技术股份有限公司 | A kind of igniter and burner |
| CN111706858A (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2020-09-25 | 李心鹏 | Pulverized coal ignition device for power station boiler and kiln |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106907706A (en) | 2017-06-30 |
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