CN106907139B - Blasting device, blasting system and underground gasified coal seam pre-loosening method - Google Patents
Blasting device, blasting system and underground gasified coal seam pre-loosening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106907139B CN106907139B CN201710163659.2A CN201710163659A CN106907139B CN 106907139 B CN106907139 B CN 106907139B CN 201710163659 A CN201710163659 A CN 201710163659A CN 106907139 B CN106907139 B CN 106907139B
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/263—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures using explosives
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
Abstract
The invention provides a blasting device, a blasting system and a method for pre-loosening underground gasified coal seams. Wherein, this blasting device includes: the explosive cartridge comprises a shell, explosive cartridges, detonators and a baffle; the baffle piece is connected to the inner wall of the shell and is used for dividing the interior of the shell into a first space and a second space; the explosive roll is arranged in a first space, and the first space is used for being placed towards a layer to be blasted; the detonator is inserted into the explosive roll. According to the invention, the shell is divided into the first space and the second space by the baffle member, the explosive cartridge is arranged in the first space facing the layer to be blasted, so that the explosive cartridge faces the layer to be blasted during blasting, the situation that the explosive cartridge is blasted everywhere during detonation is avoided, the blasting directionality of the blasting device is enhanced, the directional blasting of the blasting device is realized, the practicability of the blasting device is improved, and the explosive cartridge is arranged in the shell, and the shell has the functions of water resistance, moisture resistance and pollution prevention, and avoids the problem that the explosive cartridge cannot be blasted due to pollution of water or other substances to the explosive cartridge.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of underground coal seam gasification, in particular to a blasting device, a blasting system and a method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam.
Background
Currently, the blasting devices are all configured by inserting detonators into explosives, which are used for igniting the explosives. The existing blasting device generally performs irregular movement after ignition, so that the whole area is blasted. When only the pre-burst part is required to be blasted according to the related technological requirements, the existing blasting device not only enables the pre-burst part to be blasted, but also other parts which do not need to be blasted are blasted, so that the parts which do not need to be blasted are damaged, and therefore, the existing blasting device cannot realize directional blasting, and the practicability is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a blasting device, which aims to solve the problem that the blasting device in the prior art cannot perform directional blasting, so that the practicability of the blasting device is low. The invention also provides a blasting system with the directional drilling of the blasting device and a method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam.
In one aspect, the present invention provides a blasting apparatus comprising: the explosive cartridge comprises a shell, explosive cartridges, detonators and a baffle; the baffle piece is connected to the inner wall of the shell and is used for dividing the interior of the shell into a first space and a second space; the explosive roll is arranged in a first space, and the first space is used for being placed towards a layer to be blasted; the detonator is inserted into the explosive roll.
Further, in the blasting device, the casing is a waterproof casing.
Further, in the blasting device, the second space is filled with the combustible material.
According to the invention, the shell is divided into the first space and the second space by the baffle member, the explosive cartridge is arranged in the first space facing the layer to be blasted, so that the explosive cartridge faces the layer to be blasted during blasting, the situation that the explosive cartridge is blasted everywhere during detonation is avoided, the blasting directionality of the blasting device is enhanced, the directional blasting of the blasting device is realized, the practicability of the blasting device is improved, the problem that the practicability of the blasting device is low due to the fact that the blasting device cannot conduct directional blasting in the prior art is solved, and the explosive cartridge is arranged in the shell, and the shell can play a certain role in preventing water, moisture and pollution, and the situation that the explosive cartridge cannot be blasted due to pollution of water or other substances is avoided.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a directional drilling blasting system, the system comprising: a housing and at least two of the blasting devices described above; wherein, each blasting device is arranged in the shell, and a preset blasting interval is arranged between two adjacent blasting devices.
Further, the blasting system for directional drilling further comprises: a bracket; wherein, each blasting device is connected with the inner wall of the shell through a bracket.
According to the invention, the explosive cartridge in the explosion device can face the layer to be exploded during explosion, so that the four-place explosion during explosive cartridge explosion is avoided, the directional explosion of the explosion device is realized, the practicability of the explosion device is improved, the shell in the explosion device can play a role in certain water resistance, moisture resistance and pollution resistance, each explosion device is arranged in the shell, the shell can better perform water resistance, pollution resistance and collision resistance, the safe explosion of each explosion device is ensured, meanwhile, the two adjacent explosion devices are arranged according to the preset explosion interval, the explosion uniformity is ensured, the explosion range of each explosion device is better ensured, and the explosion effect is improved.
In still another aspect, the present invention provides a method for pre-loosening a subterranean gasification coal seam, the method comprising the steps of: a determining step of determining a blasting distance between two adjacent blasting devices; placing, namely placing all blasting devices in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting interval; and a firing step of firing each blasting device.
Further, in the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam, the determining step further includes: a first determination sub-step of determining a fracture zone radius of each blasting device according to the diameter of the explosive cartridge in each blasting device; and a second determination sub-step of determining the blasting distance according to the radius of the crack area of the two adjacent blasting devices.
Further, in the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam, in the first determination sub-step, the radius R of the fracture area is calculated according to the formula r=Φxk, wherein Φ is the diameter of the explosive cartridge, k is the radius coefficient of the fracture area, and k is 100-130.
Further, in the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam, in the second determining sub-step, according to the formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 Calculating a blasting distance B, wherein R 1 And R is 2 Respectively the radius alpha of the crack area of two adjacent blasting devices 1 For the first angle of explosion, alpha 2 For the second angle of explosion, alpha 1 Has a value of 0<a 1 ≤60°，α 2 Has a value of 0<a 2 ≤60°。
Further, in the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam, the placing step further comprises: drilling a directional hole in the coal seam to be loosened; placing each blasting device in the shell according to the blasting interval; the housing is placed in a directional borehole.
Further, in the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam, the placing step further comprises: drilling vertical holes in a coal seam to be loosened, wherein the distance between the axes of two adjacent vertical holes is the blasting interval; a blasting device is placed in each vertical hole.
According to the invention, each blasting device is placed in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting interval, and each detonation device is ignited, so that the coal seam to be loosened can be loosened, the crack rate of the coal seam to be loosened is increased, so that the gasifying agent for gasifying coal is fully contacted with the coal seam, the difficulty of gasifying the coal is reduced, the efficiency of gasifying the coal is improved, the blasting interval is determined, the blasting uniformity is effectively improved, and the blasting range of each blasting device is ensured.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to designate like parts throughout the figures. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a blasting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a blasting system for directional drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a blasting system for directional drilling according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a blasting interval in the blasting system of directional drilling according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a method for pre-loosening a subterranean gasification coal seam provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a determining step in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasification coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a flowchart of a placement step in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasification coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a placement step in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasification coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a front view of a vertical hole in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a schematic top view of a vertical hole in the method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
Blasting apparatus embodiment:
referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a blasting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the blasting apparatus may include: a shell 1, a explosive cartridge 2, a detonator and a barrier 3. Wherein the baffle 3 is disposed in the housing 1 and connected with the inner wall of the housing 1. The baffle 3 is used for dividing the internal space of the shell 1 into a first space 11 and a second space 12, specifically, the shape of the baffle 3 is matched with the shape of the shell 1, the baffle 3 is tightly connected with the inner wall of the shell 1, and the first space 11 and the second space 12 separated by the baffle 3 are closed spaces. The connection mode of the baffle 3 and the inner wall of the shell 1 can be adhesive connection or clamping connection, of course, other connection modes can be adopted, and the embodiment is not limited in any way. Preferably, the material of the barrier 3 is a combustible material.
Explosive cartridge 2 contains explosive, and explosive cartridge 2 has a solid structure. Explosive cartridge 2 may include: and the combustible piece and the explosive are used for wrapping the explosive to form a solid structure. The combustible piece can be made of special combustible paper for the blasting device, and the explosive can be made of water-resistant ammonium nitrate explosive for coal mines. A detonator is inserted in stick 2, which detonator is used to detonate stick 2 when exposed fire or under high temperature conditions is encountered. In this embodiment, stick 2 may have a diameter of 50mm to 80mm and a length of 100mm to 300mm. The number of the detonators can be 2, and all 2 detonators can be mining fire detonators.
Explosive cartridge 2 is placed in a first space 11, first space 11 being intended to be placed towards the layer to be blasted. In particular, stick 2 is inside first space 11 but is not connected to the inner wall of casing 1. Preferably, the size of explosive cartridge 2 may be matched to the size of first space 11, so that explosive cartridge 2 is exactly clamped in first space 11. The second space 12 may be kept in an idle state, i.e. no object is placed in the second space 12, and of course, the second space 12 may be filled with combustible materials for combustion. The radial distance of the second space 12 is greater than 1cm. The layer to be blasted can be a coal layer, a mineral layer and the like.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, through setting up and separating the piece 3 and separating into first space 11 and second space 12 with casing 1, place explosive cartridge 2 in the first space 11 towards the layer of waiting to explode, orientation when can making explosive cartridge 2 explode is waiting to explode the layer, avoid explosive cartridge 2 to explode everywhere when detonating, the directionality of blaster blasting has been strengthened, the directional blasting of blaster has been realized, the practicality of blaster has been improved, the problem that the practicality that the directional blasting of blaster in the prior art can't lead to is low is solved, and explosive cartridge 2 is arranged in casing 1, this casing 1 can play certain dampproofing and waterproofing and anti-pollution effect, avoided water or other substances to cause the pollution to cause explosive cartridge 2 to explode explosive cartridge 2.
In the above embodiment, the casing 1 may be a waterproof casing, which can effectively prevent water erosion, avoid the explosive cartridge 2 from being unable to be blasted due to damp, and greatly reduce the difficulty of storage of the blasting device.
To sum up, this embodiment can make explosive cartridge 2 when blasting towards waiting the blasting layer, avoids explosive cartridge 2 to explode everywhere when detonating, has strengthened the directionality of blaster blasting, has realized the directional blasting of blaster, has improved the practicality of blaster to, explosive cartridge 2 arranges casing 1 in, and this casing 1 can play certain dampproofing and waterproofing and anti-pollution effect, avoids water or other substances to cause the pollution to cause explosive cartridge 2 unable blasting.
Blasting system embodiment:
the embodiment also provides a blasting system for directional drilling. Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a directional drilling blasting system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, a directional drilling blasting system may include: a housing 4 and at least two blasting devices 5 as described above. Wherein each blasting device 5 is arranged in the shell 4, and a preset blasting interval is arranged between two adjacent blasting devices 5. The specific implementation process of the blasting device 5 may be referred to above, and this embodiment is not described herein.
In particular, the housing 4 may be a PE tube. Both ends of the housing 4 are provided with sealing members to seal both ends of the housing 4. The sealing member may be a waterproof layer, or may be other sealing members capable of playing a role in waterproof, antifouling and anti-collision, which is not limited in this embodiment. Of course, the two ends of the housing 4 may be wax sealed, glued, etc. to play a role in preventing water, dirt and impact. Each blasting device 5 may be connected to the inner wall of the housing 4 such that each blasting device 5 is secured within the housing 4. The connection between each blasting device 5 and the inner wall of the housing 4 may be adhesive connection, or the like, but may be other connection, and the present embodiment is not limited thereto.
The preset blasting distance is the distance between the central axes of any two adjacent blasting devices, and in specific implementation, the preset blasting distance can be determined according to practical situations, and the embodiment does not limit the distance. In this embodiment, only one method for determining the preset blasting interval is listed, and in this embodiment, the preset blasting interval is calculated according to a formula. Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a blasting interval in the directional drilling blasting system according to the embodiment of the present invention. Specifically, the radius R of the fracture zone of each blasting device is calculated according to the formula r=Φxk, wherein Φ is the diameter of explosive cartridge 2 in the blasting device, k is the radius coefficient of the fracture zone, and k takes 100 to 130. In this embodiment, k is taken 120. According to the calculated radius R of the fracture zone of two adjacent blasting devices, and then according to the formula B=R 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 Calculating a preset blasting interval B, wherein R 1 And R is 2 Respectively the radius alpha of the crack area of two adjacent blasting devices 1 For the first angle of explosion, alpha 2 For the second angle of explosion, alpha 1 Has a value of 0<a 1 ≤60°，α 2 Has a value of 0<a 2 Less than or equal to 60 degrees. Wherein the first explosion angle alpha 1 An included angle is formed by a connecting line between one intersection point of the explosion circles generated during explosion of two adjacent explosion devices and the center of one explosion circle and a connecting line between the two centers of the explosion circles. Second angle of explosion alpha 2 An included angle is formed by a connecting line between one intersection point of the blasting circles generated during blasting of two adjacent blasting devices and the circle center of the other blasting circle and a connecting line between the two circle centers.
Referring to fig. 4, two blasting circles are generated by blasting two adjacent blasting devices 5, respectively, and two blasts are generatedThe radius of the circle is the radius R of the crack area of the two blasting devices respectively 1 And R is 2 . The intersection of the two explosion circles has two intersection points, the two intersection points are symmetrical relative to a connecting line between the circle centers of the two explosion circles, and then the connecting line of one intersection point (the point A above shown in fig. 4) and the circle center of one explosion circle (the point B of the circle center of the left explosion circle shown in fig. 4) is marked as a connecting line AB, and the length of the connecting line AB is the radius of the explosion circle (the explosion circle on the left shown in fig. 4); a line connecting the intersection point a with the center of another circle (center point C of the right circle shown in fig. 4) is denoted as a connection line AC, and the length of the connection line AC is the radius of the circle (right circle shown in fig. 4). The connecting line between the centers of two blasting circles is marked as a connecting line BC, and the included angle between the connecting line AB and the connecting line BC is a first blasting angle alpha 1 The included angle between the connecting line AC and the connecting line BC is a second explosion angle alpha 2 。
Preferably, the diameters Φ of explosive cartridges 2 in the two blasting devices are equal, and the values of the radius coefficients k of the crack areas are equal, so that the radius R of the crack areas of the two blasting devices is equal, and the first blasting angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 If the values of (a) are equal, b=2×r 1 ×cosα 1 Or b=2×r 2 ×cosα 2 . In the present embodiment, the first explosion angle α 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 All 45 deg..
The installation process of the embodiment is as follows: the preset blasting intervals are predetermined, and then the blasting devices 5 are sequentially placed in the housing 4 according to the preset blasting intervals, and the blasting devices 5 are connected with the inner wall of the housing 4. Finally, both ends of the housing 4 may be sealed by wax, so that both ends of the housing 4 are waterproof and antifouling. In this embodiment, the method for determining the preset blasting distance is to pre-select the radius coefficient k of the fracture area and the first blasting angle α 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 For example, the radius coefficient k of the fracture zone is 120, the first explosion angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 All 45 deg.. Measuring diameter phi of explosive roll 2 of each blasting device, and measuring radius coefficient k of selected fracture zone and measured diameter phi of explosive roll 2Substituting the numerical value into a formula R=phi×k to calculate the radius R of the fracture zone of each blasting device, and then calculating the radius R of the fracture zone of two adjacent blasting devices 1 And R is 2 And a selected first blasting angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 Numerical value substitution formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 And calculating a preset blasting interval B.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, explosive cartridge 2 in explosive device 5 can be towards the layer of waiting to explode when exploding, avoid explosive cartridge 2 to explode everywhere when detonating, the directional blasting of explosive device 5 has been realized, the practicality of explosive device 5 has been improved, casing 1 in the explosive device 5 can play certain dampproofing and waterproofing and anti-pollution's effect, and, each explosive device 5 is arranged in shell 4, shell 4 can carry out waterproof antifouling and crashproof better, ensure the safe detonation of each explosive device 5, simultaneously, place according to predetermineeing the blasting interval between two adjacent explosive devices 5, the homogeneity of blasting has been ensured, the blasting scope of each explosive device 5 has been guaranteed better, the blasting effect has been improved.
Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a directional drilling blasting system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the foregoing embodiment, the blasting system may further include: and a bracket 6. Wherein each blasting device 5 may be connected to the inner wall of the housing 4 by means of a bracket 6, in particular each blasting device 5 may be placed in a central position of the housing 4, each blasting device 5 may be connected to the inner wall of the housing 4 by means of a bracket 6. The support 6 may include a plurality of support rods, each of the blasting devices 5 is disposed at a central position of the housing 4, one end of each of the support rods is connected to a casing of each of the blasting devices 5, and the other end of each of the support rods is connected to an inner wall of the housing 4. Preferably, the support rod is a combustible rod.
It can be seen that, in this embodiment, by providing the bracket 6, the blasting devices 5 can be better fixed to the inner wall of the housing 4, and the positions of the blasting devices 5 in the housing 4 are ensured to be consistent, so that the blasting effect is effectively improved.
To sum up, in this embodiment, can be towards waiting the blasting layer when the explosive cartridge 2 in the blast apparatus 5 explodes, avoid blasting everywhere when explosive cartridge 2 detonates, the directional blasting of blast apparatus 5 has been realized, the practicality of blast apparatus 5 has been improved, casing 1 in the blast apparatus 5 can play certain dampproofing and waterproofing and anti-pollution's effect, and, each blast apparatus 5 is arranged in shell 4, shell 4 can carry out waterproof antifouling and crashproof better, ensure the safe detonation of each blast apparatus 5, simultaneously, place according to predetermineeing the blasting interval between two adjacent blast apparatuses 5, the homogeneity of blasting has been ensured, the blasting scope of each blast apparatus 5 has been guaranteed better, and the blasting effect has been improved.
Method embodiment:
the embodiment also provides a method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam. Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a method for pre-loosening an underground gasification coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam comprises the following steps:
and determining step S1, determining the blasting distance between two adjacent blasting devices.
Specifically, each blasting apparatus 5 may include: a shell 1, a explosive cartridge 2, a detonator and a barrier 3. Wherein, the baffle 3 is disposed in the housing 1 and connected with the inner wall of the housing 1, and the baffle 3 divides the inner space of the housing 1 into a first space 11 and a second space 12. The detonator is inserted into the explosive cartridge 2, the explosive cartridge 2 is placed in the first space 11, the first space 11 is placed towards the coal seam to be blasted, the second space 12 can be kept in an idle state, i.e. no object is placed in the second space 12, and of course, the second space 12 can also be filled with combustible materials. The blasting distance is the distance between the central axes of any two adjacent blasting devices, and in specific implementation, the blasting distance is determined in a plurality of ways, and the embodiment does not limit the method.
And a placing step S2, placing all blasting devices in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting interval.
Specifically, a coal seam channel is formed from the ground to the underground, and a coal seam to be loosened can be placed above the coal seam channel. And placing each blasting device 5 in the coal seam channel according to the blasting spacing determined in the determining step S1. Wherein the first space 11 of each blasting device 5 faces the coal seam to be loosened. For example, when the coal seam thickness is greater than 4m or more, explosive cartridge 2 in first space 11 of blasting apparatus 5 is directed toward the coal seam to be loosened.
And a firing step S3, namely firing each blasting device.
Specifically, combustible gas such as oxygen is input into the coal seam channel, and the combustible gas is ignited by using an ignition device. When the open fire burns along the coal seam channel to be close to the blasting devices 5, the open fire ignites each blasting device 5, and loosening of the coal seam to be loosened is achieved. The blasting devices 5 may be detonated by a hot air flow at a high temperature. The loosening range of the coal seam to be loosened depends on the explosive amount in the explosive cartridge 2 in the blasting device 5 and the quality of the coal seam to be loosened.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, by placing each blasting device 5 in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting interval, each detonation device is ignited, so that the coal seam to be loosened can be loosened, and the fracture rate of the coal seam to be loosened is increased, so that the gasifying agent for gasifying coal is fully contacted with the coal seam, the difficulty of gasifying coal is reduced, the efficiency of gasifying coal is improved, and the blasting interval is determined, so that the blasting uniformity is effectively improved, and the blasting range of each blasting device 5 is ensured.
For a plurality of manners of determining the blasting distance between two adjacent blasting devices, only one of the manners of determining is described below, and referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a flowchart of determining steps in the method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam according to the embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, in the above embodiment, the determining step S1 further includes:
the first determination sub-step S11 determines the radius of the fracture zone of each explosive device based on the diameter of the explosive cartridge in each explosive device.
Specifically, the radius of the crack area is marked as R, the diameter of the explosive roll 2 is marked as phi, and the radius R of the crack area of each blasting device is calculated according to the formula R=phi×k, wherein k is a crack area radius coefficient, and the value range of k is 100-130. In this embodiment, k is taken 120. Measuring the diameter phi of explosive roll 2 of each blasting device, selecting a crack area radius coefficient k, substituting the numerical value of the selected crack area radius coefficient k and the measured diameter phi of explosive roll 2 into a formula R=phi×k, and calculating the crack area radius R of each blasting device.
And a second determination sub-step S12, wherein the blasting interval is determined according to the radius of the crack area of the two adjacent blasting devices.
Referring to fig. 4, in particular, according to formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 Calculating a blasting distance B, wherein R 1 And R is 2 And (3) respectively determining the radii of the fracture areas of the two adjacent blasting devices in the first determination step S11. Alpha 1 For the first angle of explosion, alpha 2 For the second angle of explosion, alpha 1 Has a value of 0<a 1 ≤60°，α 2 Has a value of 0<a 2 Less than or equal to 60 degrees. First angle of explosion alpha 1 An included angle is formed by a connecting line between one intersection point of the explosion circles generated during explosion of two adjacent explosion devices and the center of one explosion circle and a connecting line between the two centers of the explosion circles. Second angle of explosion alpha 2 An included angle is formed by a connecting line between one intersection point of the blasting circles generated during blasting of two adjacent blasting devices and the circle center of the other blasting circle and a connecting line between the two circle centers.
Referring to fig. 4, two blasting circles are generated by blasting two adjacent blasting devices 5, respectively, and the radii of the two blasting circles are the radii R of the crack areas of the two blasting devices, respectively 1 And R is 2 . The intersection of the two explosion circles has two intersection points, the two intersection points are symmetrical relative to a connecting line between the circle centers of the two explosion circles, and then the connecting line of one intersection point (the point A above shown in fig. 4) and the circle center of one explosion circle (the point B of the circle center of the left explosion circle shown in fig. 4) is marked as a connecting line AB, and the length of the connecting line AB is the radius of the explosion circle (the explosion circle on the left shown in fig. 4); a line connecting the intersection point a with the center of another circle (center point C of the right circle shown in fig. 4) is denoted as a connection line AC, and the length of the connection line AC is the radius of the circle (right circle shown in fig. 4). The connecting line between the centers of two blasting circles is marked as a connecting line BC, and the included angle between the connecting line AB and the connecting line BC is a first blasting angle alpha 1 Connection line AC and connection line BCThe included angle between the two is a second explosion angle alpha 2 。
Preferably, the diameters Φ of explosive cartridges 2 in the two blasting devices are equal, and the values of the radius coefficients k of the crack areas are equal, so that the radius R of the crack areas of the two blasting devices is equal, and the first blasting angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 If the values of (a) are equal, b=2×r 1 ×cosα 1 Or b=2×r 2 ×cosα 2 . In the present embodiment, the first explosion angle α 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 All 45 deg..
Selecting a first blasting angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 The fracture zone radius R of the two adjacent blasting devices calculated in the first determination substep S11 1 、R 2 And a selected first blasting angle alpha 1 And a second explosion angle alpha 2 Numerical value substitution formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 And calculating the blasting interval B.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, the method for determining the blasting distance is simple, and each blasting device 5 is placed according to the blasting distance, so that the uniformity of blasting is improved, the blasting range of each blasting device 5 is better ensured, and the blasting effect is improved.
Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a placement step in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, in the above embodiment, the placing step S2 further includes:
and S21, drilling a directional hole in the coal seam to be loosened.
Specifically, directional holes are drilled by a directional drilling tool from the ground to a preset position in the coal seam to be loosened. Generally, the directional holes are placed at the bottom of the coal seam to be loosened.
And S22, placing each detonation device in the shell according to the explosion interval.
Specifically, each of the detonators is placed in the casing 4 in sequence according to the blasting intervals determined in the above-described determining step S1, and each of the detonators may be connected to the inner wall of the casing 4 through the bracket 6, and both end portions of the casing 4 are subjected to sealing treatment, for example, wax sealing or glue sealing, to play roles of water resistance, pollution resistance and collision resistance. The housing 4 may be a PE tube.
Step S23, placing the housing in the directional drilling.
Specifically, explosive cartridge 2 in first space 11 in blasting apparatus 5 is directed toward the coal seam to be loosened, and the direction of placement of housing 4 is determined therefrom. According to the determined placement direction of the shell 4, fixing the directional drilling tool with one end (the left end shown in fig. 2) of the shell 4, conveying the shell 4 to a coal seam to be loosened in the directional hole by using the directional drilling tool, adding water into the directional drilling tool to press after reaching a preset position, separating the directional drilling tool from the shell 4 by using water pressure, placing the shell 4 in the directional hole, lifting the directional drilling tool, and performing subsequent work.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, when the directional hole is drilled, by placing each blasting device 5 in the housing 4 according to the blasting interval and then placing the housing 4 in the coal seam to be loosened, the placement of each blasting device 5 is realized, and the operation is convenient.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a flowchart illustrating a placement step in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasification coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the drawing, in the above embodiment, the placing step S2 further includes:
and S24, drilling vertical holes in the coal seam to be loosened, wherein the distance between the axes of two adjacent vertical holes is the blasting interval.
Referring to fig. 9 and 10, a preferred structure of a vertical hole in a method for pre-loosening an underground gasified coal seam according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown. Specifically, the circle centers of the vertical holes 7 are determined on the ground according to the explosion space, at least two vertical holes 7 are arranged, and the distance between the circle centers of any two adjacent vertical holes 7 is the explosion space. And selecting the diameter of the vertical hole 7, and drilling the vertical hole 7 from the ground to the underground according to the circle center of the vertical hole 7.
And S25, placing a blasting device in each vertical hole.
Specifically, in the vertical hole 7, the position of the coal seam to be loosened is determined. Placing the blasting device 5 at the determined position of the coal seam to be loosened, wherein the placing mode of the blasting device 5 can be as follows: the baffle plate or the string bag and the like are arranged at the position of the coal seam to be loosened, the blasting device 5 is placed on the baffle plate or in the string bag, and the blasting device 5 can be directly placed at the bottom of the vertical hole 7, and at the moment, the bottom of the vertical hole 7 is the position of the coal seam to be loosened. One blasting device 5, two blasting devices 5, or a plurality of blasting devices 5 may be placed in each vertical hole 7, which is not limited in this embodiment. When the blasting device 5 is placed, the explosive cartridge 2 in the first space 11 in the blasting device 5 is directed towards the coal seam to be loosened.
In the concrete implementation, the damage of the blasting device 5 to the vertical hole 7 is prevented by adjusting the explosive amount in the explosive cartridge 2 in the blasting device 5 according to the actual situation.
It can be seen that in this embodiment, when the vertical holes are drilled, the vertical holes 7 are drilled from the ground to the underground according to the blasting interval, and the distance between the axes of two adjacent vertical holes 7 is the blasting interval, so that the blasting effect is effectively improved.
It should be noted that, the relevant points in the blasting device, the blasting system and the method for pre-loosening the underground gasified coal seam in the invention can be referred to each other.
In summary, by placing each blasting device 5 in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting interval, each detonation device is ignited, the coal seam to be loosened can be loosened, the fracture rate of the coal seam to be loosened is increased, so that the gasifying agent for gasifying coal is fully contacted with the coal seam, the difficulty of gasifying coal is reduced, the efficiency of gasifying coal is improved, the blasting interval is determined, the blasting uniformity is effectively improved, and the blasting range of each blasting device 5 is ensured.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, it is intended that the present invention also include such modifications and alterations insofar as they come within the scope of the appended claims or the equivalents thereof.
Claims (2)
1. A method for pre-loosening a subsurface gasified coal seam, comprising the steps of:
a determining step of determining a blasting distance between two adjacent blasting devices; wherein, the blasting device includes: a shell (1), a explosive cartridge (2), a detonator and a baffle (3); wherein the baffle (3) is connected to the inner wall of the shell (1) and is used for dividing the interior of the shell (1) into a first space (11) and a second space (12); the explosive cartridge (2) is arranged in the first space (11) and clamped in the first space (11), and the first space (11) is used for being placed towards a layer to be blasted so that the explosive cartridge (2) faces towards the layer to be blasted when being blasted; the explosive cartridge (2) contains explosive and is of a solid structure, and the detonator is inserted into the explosive cartridge (2); the second space (12) is filled with combustible materials for combustion; the baffle (3) is made of combustible materials; the shell (1) is a waterproof shell;
placing all blasting devices in the coal seam to be loosened according to the blasting intervals; specifically, directional holes are drilled in the coal seam to be loosened; placing each blasting device in the shell according to the blasting interval; placing the housing in a directional borehole; or drilling vertical holes in the coal seam to be loosened, wherein the distance between the axes of two adjacent vertical holes is the blasting interval; placing the blasting device into each of the vertical holes; determining the position of the coal seam to be loosened in the vertical hole, and placing the blasting device at the determined position of the coal seam to be loosened; when the blasting device is placed, a baffle plate or a string bag is arranged at the position of the coal seam to be loosened, and the blasting device is placed in the baffle plate or the string bag; or placing the blasting device at the bottom of the vertical hole;
a firing step of firing each of the blasting devices;
the determining step further comprises:
a first determination sub-step of determining a fracture zone radius of each blasting device according to the diameter of explosive cartridges in each blasting device;
a second determining sub-step of determining the blasting distance according to the radii of the crack areas of two adjacent blasting devices;
in the first determining sub-step,
calculating the radius R of the fracture area according to a formula R=phi multiplied by k, wherein phi is the diameter of the explosive roll, k is the radius coefficient of the fracture area, and k is 100-130;
in the second determining sub-step,
according to formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 Calculating the blasting distance B, wherein R 1 And R is 2 Respectively the radius alpha of the crack area of two adjacent blasting devices 1 For the first angle of explosion, alpha 2 For the second angle of explosion, alpha 1 The value of (a) is more than 0 and less than a 1 ≤60°，α 2 The value of (a) is more than 0 and less than a 2 ≤60°。
2. A directional drilling blasting system, comprising: a shell (4), at least two blasting devices (5) and a bracket (6); wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,
each blasting device (5) is arranged in the shell (4), and a preset blasting interval is arranged between two adjacent blasting devices (5);
calculating the radius R of a crack area of each blasting device according to a formula R=phi multiplied by k, wherein phi is the diameter of explosive rolls in the blasting device, k is a radius coefficient of the crack area, and k is 100-130;
according to formula b=r 1 ×cosα 1 +R 2 ×cosα 2 Calculating the preset blasting interval B, wherein R is 1 And R is 2 Respectively the radius alpha of the crack area of two adjacent blasting devices 1 For the first angle of explosion, alpha 2 For the second angle of explosion, alpha 1 The value of (a) is more than 0 and less than a 1 ≤60°，α 2 The value of (a) is more than 0 and less than a 2 ≤60°；
Sealing elements are arranged at two ends of the shell (4);
the blasting devices (5) are arranged at the center of the shell (4), and the blasting devices (5) are connected with the inner wall of the shell (4) through the brackets (6).
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| CN114608395B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2023-06-13 | 中铁十九局集团矿业投资有限公司 | Blasting method for open-air fracture development rock stratum |
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