CN106904938A - It is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

It is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN106904938A
CN106904938A CN201710027732.3A CN201710027732A CN106904938A CN 106904938 A CN106904938 A CN 106904938A CN 201710027732 A CN201710027732 A CN 201710027732A CN 106904938 A CN106904938 A CN 106904938A
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gangue
raw material
ceramic granule
strength ceramic
strength
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CN106904938B (en
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王怀德
李志慧
李湧
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Wuhan Xin Tao Environmental Protection Technology Co Ltd
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    • C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
    • C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
    • C04B18/023—Fired or melted materials
    • C04B18/025—Grog
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    • C04B33/00—Clay-wares
    • C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
    • C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
    • C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
    • C04B2235/3208—Calcium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. lime
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
    • C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
    • C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
    • C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
    • C04B2235/44—Metal salt constituents or additives chosen for the nature of the anions, e.g. hydrides or acetylacetonate
    • C04B2235/448—Sulphates or sulphites
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
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    • C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
    • C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
    • C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
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  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, including the following raw material component by mass percentage：Gangue 80~95%, feldspar 4.5~16%, lime stone 0~5%, foaming agent 0.1~0.5%；Still further provides its preparation method is after each raw material components ratio is coordinated, by processes such as grinding, balling-up, Surface coating, drying, preheating, high temperature sintering foaming, coolings, to be prepared into high-strength ceramic granule.Gangue incorporation of the present invention is up to 80~95%, and all of the residual carbon in gangue as fuel, gangue can largely be consumed, and take full advantage of the latent heat of gangue, so as to production cost is greatly lowered, and the characteristics of obtained haydite has lightweight, high-strength, water absorption rate is low, its bulk density is 500~800kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength is 6~10MPa, and water absorption rate is that, less than 6%, each leading indicator can be used to configure Performance of High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete more than the standard of the high-strength lightweights of GB/T17431.1 2010.

Description

It is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The invention belongs to light-weight aggregate technical field for building, and in particular to it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel it is high-strength Haydite and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Haydite is a kind of artificial lightweight aggregate, and with low-density, heat-proof quality is good, cylindrical compress strength is high, good frost resistance, resistance to The features such as corrosion, it is widely used in the fields such as building materials, gardening, fire resistant heat preserving, chemical industry, oil.In recent years, China's light-weight aggregate pottery Grain quickly grows, and is widely used, but high-strength ceramic granule because its water absorption rate it is higher, the influence of the factor such as intensity is unstable, slower development, Using less.
Gangue is the solid waste discharged during exploitation and coal washing, is the mixed of carbonaceous, shale and arenaceous shale Compound, and with certain calorific value.600,000,000 tons of China's annual emissions, as the maximum industrial solid castoff of China discharge capacity it One.Gangue discharge is piled up and not only causes the wasting of resources, land occupation, and there is the hidden danger such as certain environmental pollution.China shows Stage, to the utilization rate only 30% or so of gangue, is mainly used in generating electricity, and extracts the side such as various aluminum compounds, building brick Face, although the part resourceization that these applications realize gangue is utilized, but utilization rate is low, or even can cause secondary pollution. In terms of ceramic particle technology is prepared using gangue, many researchers have done beneficial work, but fail to realize using gangue as Fuel baking ceramsite, and haydite low strength.
The content of the invention
Present invention aim to address the recycling of gangue, and the not enough problem of haydite intensity, there is provided a kind of With gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, have the advantages that density is low, intensity is high, water absorption rate is low, can be used to configure high Performance light aggregate concrete.
The invention provides it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, including by mass percentage as Lower raw material components：Gangue 80~95%, feldspar 4.5~16%, lime stone 0~5%, foaming agent 0.1~0.5%.
Further, above-mentioned gangue caloric value >=4.0MJ/kg.
Further, above-mentioned foaming agent is one or more mixing mixed by any proportioning in carborundum, calcium sulfate Thing.
In addition, present invention also offers it is above-mentioned with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, including Following steps：
1) preparation of raw material：Various raw material components are weighed by design proportioning, while loading ball mill grinding, mixing, is obtained Mixed powder.
2) balling-up：By step 1) mixed powder that obtains is uniformly added into the balling-up in nodulizer after water, obtains pellet.
3) Surface coating：By step 2) in one layer of high temperature resistant powder of obtained pellet Surface coating, obtain coated ball.
4) sinter, foam：By step 3) obtained in coated ball send into sintered and foamed stove, drying, preheating, coal in stove Carbon dust burning in spoil, high temperature sintering, foaming, cooling procedure, fire to obtain high-strength ceramic granule.
Further, above-mentioned steps 1) in grinding use dry method grinding, grinding to material fineness≤180 mesh.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in add water quality for mixed powder quality 12~18%.
Further, above-mentioned steps 2) in the obtained a diameter of 5~15mm of pellet.
Further, above-mentioned steps 3) in high temperature resistant powder be kaolin or bauxite, the thickness of the high temperature resistant powder is 0.2~0.5mm.
Further, above-mentioned steps 4) in sintered and foamed stove be shaft kiln, coated ball is added from the top of shaft kiln, combustion air from The bottom of shaft kiln blasts, and coated ball to enter move from top to bottom after kiln and carry out heat exchange with the air-flow for flowing from bottom to top, first Drying, preheating are completed, when temperature rises to the ignition point of carbon in gangue, carbon ignition is follow-up intensification and high temperature sintering, hair Bubble process provides heat, and after the completion of foaming, haydite is rapidly cooled, and is drawn off from the bottom of kiln, so as to be made Pottery product.
Further, above-mentioned steps 4) in blowing temperature be 1250~1320 DEG C.
During ceramsite sintering, the space and foaming agent foam left after gangue remnants carbon dust burnings produce the present invention Stomata collectively form the inner void of haydite, based on hole of holding one's breath, therefore obtained haydite has that density is low, intensity is high, inhale The characteristics of water rate is low.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) this gangue that the present invention is provided is the high-strength ceramic granule of raw material and fuel with industrial solid castoff gangue It is major ingredient raw material, the utilization rate of gangue opens a kind of new way of gangue high-efficiency resource recycling more than 80%.
(2) density is low, intensity is high, water suction for the high-strength ceramic granule of raw material and fuel has for this gangue that the present invention is provided The characteristics of rate is low, its bulk density is 500~800kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength is 6~10MPa, and it, less than 6%, is one that water absorption rate is High-strength lightweight is planted, can be used to configure Performance of High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete.
(3) this gangue that the present invention is provided takes full advantage of coal for the preparation method of the high-strength ceramic granule of raw material and fuel The potential heat of spoil tool, for haydite high temperature sintering, foaming process provide net quantity of heat, without supplementing fuel in addition, significantly Reduce production cost.
Specific embodiment
The technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described below, it is clear that described embodiment Only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, the common skill in this area All other embodiment that art personnel are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, belongs to the model of present invention protection Enclose.
Embodiment 1：
Present embodiments provide it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, including by mass percentage The following raw material component：Gangue 80%, feldspar 16%, lime stone 3.9%, foaming agent 0.1%；Wherein, gangue caloric value is 5.0MJ/kg, foaming agent is carborundum.
This with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1) each raw material components have been weighed by above-mentioned design flow, raw material has been fitted into ball mill simultaneously, carried out dry method grinding, powder Fineness≤180 mesh is milled to, mixed powder is obtained.
2) by the mixed powder of gained, by disk balling machine balling-up, 12% water conduct is uniformly added into globulation Binding agent, is made the pellet of 5~15mm of diameter.
3) by gained pellet, the kaolin surface clad of 0.2~0.5mm of Surface coating a layer thickness.
4) will be sent into kiln by the way that material distributing machine calcining furnace shaft kiln top is uniform by surface coated pellet, at the same time, Combustion air is blasted from the bottom of kiln, is entered the pellet coated after kiln and is moved from top to bottom and carry out heat with the air-flow for flowing from bottom to top Exchange, drying, preheating are completed first, when temperature rises to the ignition point of carbon in gangue, carbon ignition is follow-up intensification and high Temperature sintering, foaming process provide heat, and blowing temperature is controlled between 1250~1290 DEG C, and after the completion of foaming, haydite is rapid Cooling, and drawn off from the bottom of kiln, Pottery product is obtained.
High-strength ceramic granule main performance index is as shown in table 1 obtained in the present embodiment；Result shows that the high-strength ceramic granule is each main Index can be used to configure Performance of High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete more than the standard of GB/T17431.1-2010 high-strength lightweights.
Table 1：High-strength ceramic granule main performance index
Embodiment 2：
Present embodiments provide it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, including by mass percentage The following raw material component：Gangue 95%, feldspar 4.5%, foaming agent 0.5%；Wherein, gangue caloric value is 4.0MJ/kg, hair Infusion is carborundum and calcium sulfate in mass ratio 1:1.5 mixture.
This with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1) each raw material components have been weighed by above-mentioned design flow, raw material has been fitted into ball mill simultaneously, carried out dry method grinding, powder Fineness≤180 mesh is milled to, mixed powder is obtained.
2) by the mixed powder of gained, by disk balling machine balling-up, 18% water conduct is uniformly added into globulation Binding agent, is made the pellet of 5~15mm of diameter.
3) by gained pellet, the bauxite surface coating layer of 0.2~0.5mm of Surface coating a layer thickness.
4) will be sent into kiln by the way that material distributing machine calcining furnace shaft kiln top is uniform by surface coated pellet, at the same time, Combustion air is blasted from the bottom of kiln, is entered the pellet coated after kiln and is moved from top to bottom and carry out heat with the air-flow for flowing from bottom to top Exchange, drying, preheating are completed first, when temperature rises to the ignition point of carbon in gangue, carbon ignition is follow-up intensification and high Temperature sintering, foaming process provide heat, and blowing temperature is controlled between 1280~1320 DEG C, and after the completion of foaming, haydite is rapid Cooling, and drawn off from the bottom of kiln, Pottery product is obtained.
High-strength ceramic granule main performance index is as shown in table 2 obtained in the present embodiment；Result shows that the high-strength ceramic granule is each main Index can be used to configure Performance of High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete more than the standard of GB/T17431.1-2010 high-strength lightweights.
Table 2：High-strength ceramic granule main performance index
Embodiment 3：
Present embodiments provide it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, including by mass percentage The following raw material component：Gangue 84%, feldspar 10.8%, lime stone 5%, foaming agent 0.2%；Wherein, gangue caloric value is 4.35MJ/kg, foaming agent is carborundum.
This with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, comprise the following steps：
1) each raw material components have been weighed by above-mentioned design flow, raw material has been fitted into ball mill simultaneously, carried out dry method grinding, powder Fineness≤180 mesh is milled to, mixed powder is obtained.
2) by the mixed powder of gained, by disk balling machine balling-up, 15% water conduct is uniformly added into globulation Binding agent, is made the pellet of 5~15mm of diameter.
3) by gained pellet, the kaolin surface clad of 0.2~0.5mm of Surface coating a layer thickness.
4) will be sent into kiln by the way that material distributing machine calcining furnace shaft kiln top is uniform by surface coated pellet, at the same time, Combustion air is blasted from the bottom of kiln, is entered the pellet coated after kiln and is moved from top to bottom and carry out heat with the air-flow for flowing from bottom to top Exchange, drying, preheating are completed first, when temperature rises to the ignition point of carbon in gangue, carbon ignition is follow-up intensification and high Temperature sintering, foaming process provide heat, and blowing temperature is controlled between 1265~1300 DEG C, and after the completion of foaming, haydite is rapid Cooling, and drawn off from the bottom of kiln, Pottery product is obtained.
High-strength ceramic granule main performance index is as shown in table 3 obtained in the present embodiment；Result shows that the high-strength ceramic granule is each main Index can be used to configure Performance of High-Performance Lightweight Aggregate Concrete more than the standard of GB/T17431.1-2010 high-strength lightweights.
Table 3：High-strength ceramic granule main performance index
In sum, the present invention provide it is this with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule have lightweight, it is high-strength, The characteristics of water absorption rate is low, its bulk density is 500~800kg/m3, cylindrical compress strength be 6~10MPa, water absorption rate be less than 6%, Each leading indicator can be used to configure high performance lightweight aggregate coagulation more than the standard of GB/T17431.1-2010 high-strength lightweights Soil；And in its preparation method all of the residual carbon in gangue as fuel, can largely consume gangue, and fully The latent heat of gangue is make use of, so as to production cost is greatly lowered.
It is exemplified as above be only to of the invention for example, do not constitute the limitation to protection scope of the present invention, it is all It is that design same or analogous with the present invention is belonged within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. it is a kind of with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, it is characterised in that：It is as follows including by mass percentage Raw material components：Gangue 80~95%, feldspar 4.5~16%, lime stone 0~5%, foaming agent 0.1~0.5%.
2. it is as claimed in claim 1 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, it is characterised in that：The gangue hair Heat >=4.0MJ/kg.
3. it is as claimed in claim 1 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule, it is characterised in that：The foaming agent is One or more mixtures mixed by any proportioning in carborundum, calcium sulfate.
4. as described in any one of claims 1 to 3 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is special Levy and be：Comprise the following steps：
1) preparation of raw material：Various raw material components are weighed by design proportioning, while loading ball mill grinding, mixing, is mixed Powder；
2) balling-up：By step 1) mixed powder that obtains is uniformly added into the balling-up in nodulizer after water, obtains pellet；
3) Surface coating：By step 2) in one layer of high temperature resistant powder of obtained pellet Surface coating, obtain coated ball；
4) sinter, foam：By step 3) obtained in coated ball send into sintered and foamed stove, drying, preheating, gangue in stove In carbon dust burning, high temperature sintering, foaming, cooling procedure, fire to obtain high-strength ceramic granule.
5. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that：Institute State step 1) in grinding using dry method grinding, grinding to material fineness≤180 mesh.
6. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that：Institute State step 2) in add water quality for mixed powder quality 12~18%.
7. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that：Institute State step 2) in the obtained a diameter of 5~15mm of pellet.
8. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that：Institute State step 3) in high temperature resistant powder be kaolin or bauxite, the thickness of the high temperature resistant powder is 0.2~0.5mm.
9. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that：Institute State step 4) in sintered and foamed stove be shaft kiln, coated ball is added from the top of shaft kiln, and combustion air is blasted from the bottom of shaft kiln.
10. it is as claimed in claim 4 with gangue as raw material and fuel high-strength ceramic granule preparation method, it is characterised in that： The step 4) in blowing temperature be 1250~1320 DEG C.
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108911726A (en) * 2018-08-28 2018-11-30 中南大学 A kind of gangue-permeable Ceramic Tiles of desulfurized gypsum-calcium carbonate system and preparation method thereof
CN110452012A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-15 成都德菲环境工程有限公司 A kind of method that gangue cooperates with resource utilization to prepare haydite with coal gas slugging
CN112624790A (en) * 2021-02-02 2021-04-09 河南郑矿机器有限公司 Ceramsite prepared from coal gangue and preparation method thereof
CN115784654A (en) * 2022-12-19 2023-03-14 内蒙古建亨能源科技有限公司 Preparation and production method of sintered high-strength lightweight concrete aggregate with coal gangue

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CN1872783A (en) * 2006-06-13 2006-12-06 中国地质大学（武汉） Method for preparing haydite of coal slack
CN102060562A (en) * 2010-11-18 2011-05-18 陕西科技大学 Preparation method of ceramic granules
CN103951391A (en) * 2014-04-09 2014-07-30 北京工业大学 Method for widening sintering and expanding temperature of gangue-red mud ceramsite
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