CN106903492A - Engine link rises disconnected method processing technology - Google Patents
Engine link rises disconnected method processing technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN106903492A CN106903492A CN201710218956.2A CN201710218956A CN106903492A CN 106903492 A CN106903492 A CN 106903492A CN 201710218956 A CN201710218956 A CN 201710218956A CN 106903492 A CN106903492 A CN 106903492A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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Abstract
Rise disconnected method processing technology the present invention relates to a kind of engine link, the big end hole that it is processed on connecting rod blank is circular hole, the connecting rod blank that will be machined with big end hole by the disconnected mode that rises is separated into gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts, the involutory surface of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap is the not machined section that rises, realize that the connection between gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap is positioned by the intermeshing between gonnecting rod body and the involutory surface of connecting rod cap, connecting rod cracking device for connecting rod cracking includes Vertical Rack and the workbench on the Vertical Rack, also include upper head and lower head, on described, it is respectively equipped with lower head, lower wedge and for driving what corresponding wedge was moved up and down, under rise disconnected thrust mechanism, by upper, lower wedge is because moving towards the extruding force to be formed by connecting rod cracking.The method of the present invention reduces the disconnected difficulty that rises, it is ensured that rise the quality of connecting rod of having no progeny, and production process and manufacturing cost is reduced, with good economic benefit.
Description
Technical field
It is that one kind will be even using the disconnected method that rises specifically the present invention relates to a kind of technological method for processing of engine link
Bar（Blank）Gonnecting rod body and the two-part Machining of Connecting Rod process of connecting rod cap are separated into, are adapted to 484 water-cooled diesel engines etc. each
Plant connection rod of automobile engine and the manufacture processing of other similar workpiece.
Background technology
Connecting rod is the strength member in automobile engine, and it is connected to piston and bent axle, and its effect is by the reciprocal of piston
Motion is changed into the rotary motion of bent axle, and the power acted on piston is transmitted to bent axle with power output.Connecting rod at work,
In addition to the pressure that combustion chamber combustion gas is produced is born, the inertia force of vertical and horizontal is still suffered from.Therefore, connecting rod is in complexity
Worked under stress state.It is not only by the tension and compression stress but also stress by bending of alternation.The main damage forms of connecting rod are fatigue fractures
And excessive deformation.The position of usual fatigue fracture is three high stress areas on connecting rod.The condition of work requirement of connecting rod connects
Bar has intensity and anti-fatigue performance higher；Require that there is enough rigidity and toughness again.The reliability of engine is very big
Depending on the degree of reliability of connecting rod in degree, division face quality is with positioning relation among the factor of the assembly reliability of connecting rod
Principal element, therefore the orientation problem between gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap is resolved, the production cost of connecting rod can be reduced, improve hair
The reliability of motivation.But because the profile of connecting rod is more complicated, be easily deformed, poor rigidity, dimensional accuracy, positional precision and table
The requirement such as face quality is higher, has in manufacture and acquires a certain degree of difficulty.And the quality of its connecting rod manufacturing technology directly affects connecting rod
Performance and economic performance, and diesel engine quality, with the development of production technology, traditional manufacturing technology gradually can not
Adapt to the requirement of production now.
Connecting rod blank is separated into by gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts using the process of chopping in the processing of existing connecting rod, is mainly related to
And following several critical process processes：
（1）Big end hole roughing：The big end hole of ellipse is processed on connecting rod blank rather than circular big end hole, to reserve
Cut the allowance at the thickness and incision back link body and lid parting plane of cutter.Because the big end hole of blank is needed at two
Heavy boring processing is carried out on station, process respectively two half it is circular, and be discontinuously processing, thus vibrations are big, tool wear is fast,
Cutter consumption is big, machine failure rate is high；
（2）Finish-milling gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap screw face：The screw face of finish-milling gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.It is by spiral shell due to cutting connecting rod
Screw bolt and nut tightens connected mode, and nut is directly on the screw face of gonnecting rod body, and processing request is very strict, and difficulty of processing is big,
High cost, such as roughness Ra 3.2 in the screw face of 484 water-cooled diesel engine gonnecting rod bodies, dimensional accuracy 20.5 ± 0.1, depth of parallelism
0.03。
（3）Connecting rod is cut, gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts are formed：Behind finish-milling gonnecting rod body lid screw face, using from centre
Sawed-off method makes connecting rod blank be divided into gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts, it is sawed-off after also gonnecting rod body, lid are separated respectively
Face carries out Milling Process, and this processing same accuracy requirement is high, and difficulty is big, and high cost, such as 484 water-cooled diesel engine connecting rods need to protect
Demonstrate,prove roughness Ra 1.6 and position degree 0.2 of parting plane etc..
（4）Processing connecting rod bolt holes：In order to ensure the machining accuracy of connecting rod bolt holes, in gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap parting plane
Carry out after Milling Process reaches permissible accuracy, then accurate processing gonnecting rod body, the bolt hole of lid connection, gonnecting rod body, the assembling of lid
Positioning coordinates to position by the location hole and the position portion of bolt in two bolts hole, and these bolt hole required precisions are all very tight
Lattice, are all not easy to ensure, the bolt hole roughness requirements Ra1.6 of such as 484 water-cooled diesel engine connecting rods, gonnecting rod body bolt in processing
Hole size and tolerance φ 10.4, the size and tolerance φ 10.4 in connecting rod cap bolt hole, bolt
The centre-to-centre spacing size 66.2 ± 0.05 of the bolt hole of perpendicularity 0.04 and two in the separated face in hole.Scale error will cause gonnecting rod body
Connecting rod ASSY is stayed in there is residual stress after connecting rod cap assembling, after the two sides of connecting rod ASSY and the finishing of size head bore are finished,
It is sent on engine line and is assembled with bent axle, at this moment to take connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body apart, discharge residual stress, this can be caused
Big end bore deformation.When connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body are again mounted on engine crankshaft, deform serious caused nothing
Method is installed.The bolt for cutting connecting rod plays a part of to position and connects, it is ensured that gonnecting rod body and lid assembling back link big end hole are unable to axle
To with radial direction vibration, can ensure that connecting rod preferably works within the engine.Because processing has error, gonnecting rod body, lid
Accurate coincideing is difficult after separating, it is possible to cause the critical failures such as engine tile kilning, cracking connecting rod.
（5）Cut processing and the engine assembly connecting rod of back link：After gonnecting rod body lid parting plane and bolt hole are machined,
Need to tighten on bolt, then accurate processing crank pin end pore ensures the circularity and the centre-to-centre spacing to small head bore of big end hole and parallel
The parameter such as twisted.In engine assembly, it is necessary to connecting-rod bolts are unclamped, gonnecting rod body lid is separated, bearing shell is put well, mounted in bent axle
On, gonnecting rod body and lid are then installed into positioning by the cooperation with bolt again, connecting rod nut is tightened.If bolt hole and bolt
Quality of fit it is bad, will result in crank pin end pore dislocation phenomenon, influence engine assembling and use.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome the drawbacks described above under prior art, rise disconnected method it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of engine link
Processing technology, to reduce the required precision of machining, reduces difficulty of processing and processing cost, it is ensured that connecting rod quality.
The technical scheme is that：A kind of engine link rises disconnected method processing technology, and it is processed on connecting rod blank
Big end hole be circular hole, the connecting rod blank that will be machined with big end hole by the disconnected mode that rises is separated into gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two
Point, the involutory surface of gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap is the not machined section that rises, by gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap involutory surface it
Between intermeshing realize between gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap connection positioning.
The mode that big end hole is processed on connecting rod blank can be the big end hole that continuous cutting goes out circle on connecting rod blank,
It is preferred that carrying out the machining of big end hole using boring machine.
Can generally be fastened using bolt between the gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.
Preferably, mutual corresponding bolt hole, the bolt hole on the connecting rod cap are processed on gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap
Not set the through hole of screw thread, the bolt hole on the gonnecting rod body processes position to set female blind hole on the connecting rod cap
In the screw face of bolt hole port, there is no screw face on the gonnecting rod body.During fastening, by gonnecting rod body and the involutory surface of connecting rod cap
Pairing, makes the convex-concave structure intermeshing broken and formed on parting surface of rising, and then fastening bolt is penetrated the bolt of connecting rod cap
Hole, and screw threads for fastening is on the bolt hole of gonnecting rod body.
The location structure for gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap connection positioning can not be set on the bolt hole and the bolt.
Material therefor is can be with C70S6BY high-carbon middle carbon microalloy pearlitic steels.
Rise it is disconnected before, first can be processed on the inwall of the big end hole left and right sides left and right two it is symmetrical rise it is disconnected
Guiding groove, the plane of disruption is formed when rising disconnected along the disconnected guiding groove that rises.
The disconnected guiding groove that rises is preferably relative to the wedge shaped wedge shape of plane of disruption design plane specular and cross section
The rectangular rectangular channel of groove or cross section, alleged plane of disruption design plane refers to should be from the plane according to design requirement connecting rod blank
Fracture.
The disconnected guiding groove that rises preferably is processed by the way of laser cutting.
Preferably, left and right towards connecting rod body portion is imposed in the part on disconnected forward oriented link blank corresponding to connecting rod cap of rising
Symmetrical back pressure, back pressure is preferably 1 with the size relation of the disconnected power that rises:3-1:4.
Rise during breaking and/or rise and have no progeny and can be dried to the breaking joint gap that rises, blow away the metal powder grain that fracture is produced.
Preferably, the disconnected mode that rises of connecting rod blank is that insertion will rise disconnected watt in big end hole, and disconnected watt of the quantity of rising is multi-disc,
Bear against the connecting rod body portion in the inwall of big end hole（Rise to have no progeny and belong to the part of gonnecting rod body）With connecting rod cover（Rise and have no progeny
Belong to the part of connecting rod cap）On, to rising, disconnected watt imposes along the outside disconnected thrust that rises of connecting rod blank axis direction, connecting rod body portion
With disconnected watt of the Impact direction of rising of connecting rod cover conversely, making connecting rod blank be designed along the plane of disruption under the guiding of the disconnected guiding groove that rises
Plane rises disconnected, spreading speed（Gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap are being kept completely separate the relative moving speed of moment）Preferably not less than 100mm/
s。
The described connecting rod blank point that big end hole will be machined with by the disconnected mode that rises can be realized using connecting rod cracking device
From being gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts.
A kind of preferred connecting rod cracking device includes Vertical Rack and the workbench on the Vertical Rack, also wraps
Head and lower head are included, the upper head and lower head are arranged on institute with the movable connection method for allowing it to move up and down respectively
State on the column of Vertical Rack, and be respectively equipped with the upper walking mechanism that it can be driven to move up and down and lower walking mechanism, it is described
Upper head is located at the top of the workbench, and the lower head is located at the lower section of the workbench, is provided with the workbench
Connecting rod positioner, the upper head is provided with the upper wedge that can move up and down and the upper wedge can be promoted downward
The disconnected thrust mechanism of mobile rise, the lower head is provided with the lower wedge that can move up and down and can promote the hyposphene
Shape part moves up down the disconnected thrust mechanism that rises, the tip of the upper wedge down, positioned at the top of the lower wedge, institute
State the tip of lower wedge shape upward, the cross section of the upper and lower wedge is rectangular, phase between the upper wedge-shaped and lower wedge
To side be the tapered plane that is parallel to each other, other sides are vertical plane, will wait that the connecting rod for rising disconnected is fixed on the table,
Two supporting rising disconnected watt are placed in big end hole and are attached to respectively the inwall that big end hole corresponds respectively to connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body
On, it is empty by the rectangle in the disconnected watt inner rectangular groove pairing that rises between disconnected watt that the upper and lower head of movement makes upper and lower wedge insertion two rise
Between in and make upper and lower wedge, rise disconnected watt and big end hole inwall is pressed close to or is adjacent to respectively successively, by the upper and lower disconnected thrust machine that rises
Structure promotes upper and lower wedge to move towards up and down, by the extruding force of wedge by connecting rod cracking.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in：
（1）Due to separating gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap using the disconnected mode that rises, without reserving incision knife on the big end hole of connecting rod blank
Allowance at the thickness and incision back link body and lid parting plane of tool, without being carried out on two stations as elliptical aperture
Heavy boring is processed, and eliminates because the oval big end hole of processing is present that vibrations are big, tool wear is fast, cutter consumption is big, machine failure rate
High defect, significantly simplifies the processing technology of big end hole, considerably reduces difficulty of processing and processing cost, while also having
Ensure that to effect the quality of big end hole；
（2）Due to without being processed to the section that rises, eliminating corresponding processing technology, especially because existing related processing work
The requirement of skill is very strict, and difficulty of processing is big, high cost, it is this it is technologic be reduced to processing and bring greatly facilitate, pole
The earth reduces processing cost, and helps to ensure that product quality.
（3）Due to being positioned not against bolt hole and bolt, the difficulty of processing of bolt hole is significantly reduced, it is possible to
Directly hole is threaded on gonnecting rod body carries out bolt connection, without processing screw face on gonnecting rod body, eliminates processing step,
And eliminate influence because of bolt hole and screw face mismachining tolerance to positioning.
（4）Due to being carried out between gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap by the intermeshing between gonnecting rod body and the section that rises of connecting rod cap
Connection positioning, without being processed to the section that rises, eliminate manufacturing procedure, it is to avoid because parting plane mismachining tolerance is to product matter
Can be at a fully engaged between the influence of amount, and the section that rises, advantageously ensure that alignment quality.Simultaneously as the section that rises is uneven,
The bonded area between connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body is also increased, bearing capacity of the connecting rod ASSY after installation and anti-shearing is enhanced
Ability.
（5）Because connecting rod cracking device used is provided with upper and lower two heads, by the upper and lower wedge that is oppositely arranged because
Caused lateral extrusion effect is moved towards up and down, while to corresponding respectively to the two of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body on big end hole inwall
Part impose effect on the same line, size is identical, in opposite direction and equal everywhere extruding force on big end hole axial direction, no
Can only effectively realize disconnected to rising for connecting rod, and axially the upper all of disconnected active force that rises is balanced because of big end hole（It is each on axial direction
That puts is identical with displacement by force intensity）, it is to avoid because of the upper stress in axial direction and the unbalanced caused unbalanced plastic deformation of displacement, protect
The quality of the big end hole of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body again after pairing is demonstrate,proved, has been conducive to improving the cooperation essence of crank pin end pore and bent axle
Degree, it is ensured that and improve the transmission performance between connecting rod and bent axle, it is to avoid unnecessary local excessive mill is lost, and then raising is started
The power performance of machine, increases the service life.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of connecting rod of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that the present invention rises and is related to wedge in disconnected device and the disconnected watt of schematic diagram of the mode of action in big end hole that rise, and is display
For the sake of clear, gap is depicted between each part；
Fig. 3 is overlook direction schematic diagram corresponding with Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the disconnected device that rises of the invention；
Fig. 5 is that a kind of expansion of the cam curve profile that the present invention rises in disconnected device in disconnected thrust mechanism implementation method that rises is illustrated
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below, with reference to Fig. 1-5, the present invention will be further described.
The material selection of connecting rod：The common used material of current engine link is 40Cr steel, because this material is in knot of tissue
Structure and performance, using rising, disconnected method separates gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2, its plane of disruption in the presence of distracting force, plastic deformation compared with
Greatly, there is the situation that big end hole loses circle, hinder the implementation of the disconnected method that rises.Connecting rod material used of the invention is the micro- conjunction of C70S6BY high-carbon
Golden non-hardened and tempered steel, this steel have enough intensity after not only can guarantee that forging air cooling, the need for meeting connecting rod performance, and
And experiments verify that, on the premise of tough integrated performance index is ensured, in brittle fracture feature, and the plane of disruption has good nibbling
Conjunction property.Due to this characteristic of the plane of disruption, it is sufficient to realize the correspondence of gonnecting rod body 1 and the pairing of connecting rod cap 2, and accurate positioning, therefore
Need not be positioned by bolt and bolt hole, it becomes possible to ensure connecting rod precision in use, it is ensured that the plane of disruption is secondary
It is functional during assembling, while this materials microstructure structure and mechanical property all improve many than existing 40Cr, wherein tension
Intensity brings up to 900-1050N/mm by the 780-930 N/mm of current material, can largely reduce the failure of connecting rod
Rate.
Connecting rod is made up of gonnecting rod body 1 and the two parts of connecting rod cap 2（Referring to Fig. 1）, being tightened together by screw 3, it is complete to be formed
Connecting rod, be respectively arranged at two ends with big end hole 5 and small head bore, wherein big end hole is used to connect the corresponding axle journal of bent axle, big end hole 5 by
Half-round recessed on gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2 is involuted, but based on the facility in processing, can first on connecting rod blank
Big end hole 5 is processed, connecting rod blank is then separated into connecting rod along the plane perpendicular to connecting rod axis direction from the middle part of big end hole 5
Body 1 and the two parts of connecting rod cap 2, to install bent axle.
Processing big end hole：The first heavy boring major part circular hole on connecting rod blank, the big end hole of connecting rod blank is no longer oval, and
It is circular, can be processed on a boring machine, and be continuous cutting metal, stable cutting, without vibrations, can saves cutter
Consumption, it is ensured that the service life of lathe.
Processing screw face：The screw face of connecting rod cap is only processed, and without processing screw face on gonnecting rod body, is this saved
One procedure, saves cutter, equipment and cost of labor.
Processing bolt hole：The processing of bolt hole is easier than cutting connecting rod, due to gonnecting rod body and the involutory surface of connecting rod cap（Rise
Section）Naturally there is positioning action, without being positioned with bolt again, therefore the size tolerance requirements of bolt hole are wide, coordinates chi
Very little and roughness requirements are relatively low, it is possible thereby to save processing cost, without processing for location fit on bolt
Saw tooth shaped structure.Furthermore it is also possible to without nut, the tapping on the bolt hole of gonnecting rod body, by connecting rod cap spiral shell during assembling
Bolt is directly tightened on gonnecting rod body.
Process the disconnected guiding groove that rises：Rise and need first to process the disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises before breaking（It is shown that being had no progeny rising in Fig. 1
Through the disconnected guide groove that rises that pairing again is recovered）, can be processed by the way of laser cutting, laser resonator output
After laser beam is through reflection, the aggregation of the eyeglass in light-conducting system, as the high light beam of power density, the light beam is by optical fiber electricity
Cable and nozzle are radiated at crank pin end pore break inside line, and metal molten is evaporated, and form laser grooving.By adjusting laser
Accumulation point, pulse wavelength and power control the depth and width of laser grooving.
The width of disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises is chosen as 0.3-0.6mm, and depth is 0.3-0.5mm.
Because laser beam energy density is high, process velocity is fast, and is partial operation, and pole is influenceed on non-laser irradiated site
Small, heat affected area is also just small, so the thermal deformation of workpiece is small, to follow-up big end hole machined（Right boring, honing）Influence just
Very little.
Rise and form stress concentration during breaking at the disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises, connecting rod is formed rough and uneven in surface along the disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises
The plane plane of disruption, the distribution of the shape of disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises and the disconnected power that rises and the disconnected speed that rises etc. all affect breaking effect and
Plane of disruption quality, the good disconnected effect that rises is a necessary condition for obtaining qualified products.Should be with plane of disruption design plane as base
Standard, the intersecting straight lines with plane of disruption design plane and big end hole inwall are processed accordingly respectively as center line in the fat person left and right sides
The disconnected guiding groove 4 that rises, rise disconnected guiding groove 4 itself should using relative to plane of disruption design plane specular structure, its is cross-section
Face with wedge shaped, preferably to guide fracture to extend along plane of disruption design plane, and can help to reduce the required power of breaking that rises, horizontal
Section is rectangular can also to reach close effect.
Orientation rises disconnected：Rise it is disconnected not only will be with certain acceleration imposed load, to initial crack groove（Rise disconnected guiding groove）Enter
Go fully to draw to split and urge and split, crackle is oriented Quick Extended along crackle groove, until gonnecting rod body 1 is separated with connecting rod cap 2, and
The connecting rod cap 2 after disconnected separation that rises allows for accurate reset, with gonnecting rod body 1 fracture lattice plane（Rise section）Place nibbles completely
Close, after tightening bolt, the big end hole of connecting rod can return to the geometry state before fracture.In addition, during orientation rises and breaks,
On the one hand major part bore deformation must be limited, prevent it is unilateral fracture and shear off phenomenon of rupture, this require apply power it is right
Claim uniform release；Another aspect connecting rod body portion and connecting rod cover can only occur opposite direction linear motion, i.e., along connecting rod blank
Axis move backward and separate, any relative rotation can all cause unnecessary plastic deformation and cause gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod
Lid 2 cannot be attached together normally, therefore it is required that the disconnected device that rises must be to two-part active force in connecting rod blank straight line reversely and
It is balanced everywhere, while the disconnected device that also requires to rise should fully meet the disconnected speed that rises for producing fracture effect, experimental verification, spreading speed
When not less than 100mm/s, its fracture face quality is more stable.To be rapidly achieved this velocity amplitude, it is necessary to rapid accelerate from 0 value
100mm/s is spent, enough explosive force is generated in moment.The mechanism for forming this explosive force gathers by " back pressure " balancing effect
Energy, then abrupt release at one end suddenly so as to the acceleration for reaching needs is straight, and discharges powerful impulsive force.Back pressure
Release should be engaged with the applying of the disconnected thrust that rises, the abrupt release back of the body being fully applied on big end hole inwall in the disconnected thrust that rises
Pressure, thus not only facilitates guarantee impact effect, also contributes to avoid the mistake in the disconnected thrust that rises to the applying of big end hole inwall
Cheng Zhong, plastic deformation and stress are caused because of different parts discontinuity equalization.
Rise by disconnected device by the wedge with certain degree of hardness（Can be described as wedge）To rising, disconnected set applies thrust, can pass through
Hydraulic jack drives wedge pull bar to be moved linearly along the axial direction of big end hole, during wedge is moved axially, by wedge shape
The component perpendicular to moving direction that face produces forces the disconnected direction that is enclosed within that rises in big end hole in trend is opened, so as to major part
Hole inwall applies the powerful disconnected power that rises, and in the presence of moment step load, stress collection is formed at the disconnected guiding groove that rises of connecting rod
In, along rising, the direction of disconnected guiding groove 4 is accurately broken, so that connecting rod blank moment is two parts by spreading, a part is gonnecting rod body
1, another part is connecting rod cap 2.In order to ensure the required disconnected impact effect that rises, rise disconnected preceding using connecting rod cap screw towards connecting rod cap
Part applies along the back pressure of connecting rod blank axis, by controlling adjustment back pressure and the disconnected power that rises（The disconnected device that rises is by wedge etc.
Actively it is applied to the active force on big end hole inwall）Size relation, good blasting effect can be formed, so as to obtain
The plane of disruption of function admirable, according to experimental verification, the size relation of back pressure and the disconnected power that rises is preferably 1:3-1:Between 4
（Containing end value）.
During connecting rod cracking, a small amount of metal powder grain is had on parting surface and is not fallen off, will be arranged in big end hole
The blowing device of air blowing plug is opened, and blows off parting surface.Gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2 are assembled up to be carried out at first time timeliness
Reason, is then unclamping and is blowing off its parting surface for the second time again, to ensure cross-sectional face stabilization and clean, carries out at second timeliness
Reason, then reassembles gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.Ageing Treatment can be carried out at room temperature, it is possible to when utilizing the appropriateness of inter process
Between be spaced and realize, aging time can be determined by experiment according to dissimilar material properties, by this processing mode, favorably
In widely distributed small plastic deformation adverse effect is eliminated, gonnecting rod body 1 and connecting rod cap 2 are improved again after pairing（Built-up crankshaft
Afterwards）Two rise on disconnected parting surface coincideing closely between microcosmic convex-concave structure everywhere.
The disconnected device that rises has decisive influence to the disconnected effect that rises, and the direction that should ensure that the disconnected power that rises is along connecting rod blank axis side
To not producing the active force for deviateing the axis direction or the active force for deviateing the axis direction to gonnecting rod body 1 and the part of connecting rod cap 2
With joint efforts and make a concerted effort away from being zero, with ensure both sides rise it is disconnected it is synchronous carry out, and occur without torsion or reverse the trend, it is to avoid produce corresponding
Stress and plastic deformation, in the axial direction of big end hole（Major part axially bored line intersects vertically with connecting rod blank axis）, active force
Basis equalization is answered in distribution, to ensure that the same side is risen also synchronous everywhere carrying out of breaking on big end hole axial direction, it is to avoid produce corresponding
Stress and plastic deformation.
The invention provides a kind of preferred connecting rod cracking device, using the connecting rod cracking device, can realize simultaneously
State requirement.
As shown in Fig. 4 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, the connecting rod cracking device that the present invention is provided includes Vertical Rack 61, lower head
62nd, workbench 66 and upper head 69, the upper head 69 and lower 62 flexible connection side respectively to allow it to move up and down of head
Formula is arranged on the column of the Vertical Rack 61, and is respectively equipped with the upper walking mechanism that it can be driven to move up and down and descending
Mechanism is walked, the upper head 69 is located at the top of the workbench 66, and the lower head 62 is located at the lower section of the workbench 66,
Connecting rod positioner is installed on the workbench 66, the upper head 69 be provided with the upper wedge 68 that can move up and down and
The disconnected thrust mechanism of rise that the upper wedge 68 can be promoted to move down, the lower head 62 is provided with what can be moved up and down
Lower wedge 67 and the lower wedge 67 can be promoted to move up down the disconnected thrust mechanism that rises, the upper wedge 68
Tip down, positioned at the top of the lower wedge 67, described lower wedge-shaped 67 tip upward, described wedge-shaped 68 and lower wedge shape
Relative side is the tapered plane being parallel to each other between part 67, and other sides are vertical plane, and the small head end of each wedge can
With in pointed shape, or the shape of horizontal plane shape end face, arc surfaced end face or other any suitables, each wedge and its institute
In head（Head frame or head box）Between move up and down can using existing any suitable movable connection method realize,
For example, being provided for limiting the guides such as its guide rail for moving up and down, the upper wedge 68 is moved downward during work, lower wedge shape
Part 67 is moved upwards, sectional area increase, both sides is extruded, so as to realize the disconnected purpose that rises.
Preferably, vertical guiding force column 16, the guiding of the upper wedge 68 are equipped with the upper and lower wedge
Force column 16 is located at the top of the upper wedge 68, and the guiding force column 16 of the lower wedge 67 is located at the lower wedge
67 bottom, is respectively provided with the upper and lower fairlead 64 of the upper and lower wedge mobile guide, institute on the upper and lower head
The outside that upper and lower fairlead 64 is respectively fitted over the guiding force column 16 of the upper and lower wedge is stated, and it is upper and lower with described respectively
The gap of guiding force column 16 of wedge coordinates, and can form protection to the wedge by the guiding force column 16 makees
With guiding force column 16 top can be equipped with roller to mitigate abrasion.
By rationally setting the fit clearance between fairlead and corresponding force column, it is allowed to which wedge has certain transverse direction
Mobile capacity, with rise it is disconnected during form horizontal rise disconnected thrust and transverse shifting, by connecting rod cracking.
Preferably, horizontal annular groove, the guiding of the upper and lower wedge are equipped with the upper and lower fairlead 64
The annular protrusion of the annular groove being respectively equipped with force column 16 in the corresponding fairlead of insertion, is consequently formed relative to each wedge
In the upper and lower spacing of respective fairlead 64, preferred rectangular, the convex annular in section of the annular groove and annular protrusion
The width for rising allows wedge relative to the capacity that its fairlead 64 is moved up and down less than the width of the annular groove to be formed,
Be provided with the annular groove of the upper fairlead can by the upper wedge 68 be oriented to force column 16 on annular protrusion to
The upper reset spring 65 for above pushing away, being provided with the annular groove of the lower fairlead can be by the guiding stress of the lower wedge 67
The lower back-moving spring 65 that annular protrusion on post 16 is pushed down on, when not applying to rise disconnected power to connecting rod, by the effect of spring 65
The pre-determined bit of upper and lower wedge is realized, when connecting rod cracking is carried out to the upper and lower wedge force, upper wedge 68 declines,
Lower wedge 67 rises, and to rise and be returned to original position again in the presence of spring 65 after the completion of breaking.
Preferably, the upper and lower back-moving spring 65 uses precompressed one or more disc springs（Disc spring group）, it is described on
Back-moving spring 65 is located at below the annular protrusion being oriented on force column 16 of the upper wedge 68, the lower back-moving spring 65
Above the annular protrusion being oriented on force column 16 of the lower wedge 67.
Preferably, the upper and lower disconnected thrust mechanism that rises is respectively including upper and lower cam 63 and described for driving respectively
The upper and lower disconnected drive device that rises that upper and lower cam 63 is rotated, the overhead cam 63 is located at the top of the upper wedge 68, with institute
State head 69 to be rotatably connected, its curved profile is installed with the upper end or upper end of the guiding force column 16 of the upper wedge 68
Roller is in contact and imposes active force, and it is the upper of its driven member thus to be formed with the upper wedge 68 with the upper wedge 68
Cam mechanism, the lower cam 63 is located at the lower section of the lower wedge 67, is rotatably connected with the lower head 62, its curve wheel
The roller that the lower end of the wide guiding force column 16 with the lower wedge 67 or lower end are installed is in contact and imposes active force, thus
The lower cam mechanism with the lower wedge 67 for its driven member is formed with the lower wedge 67, the upper and lower cam 63 is equal
It is preferred that using the edge cam of cylinder, installing and being driven to facilitate, and be suitable to larger thrust transmission, it is described it is upper and lower rise it is disconnected
Drive device can use the drive device with motor as power source, it would however also be possible to employ in the prior art of other any suitables,
It is preferred that use cylinder drive, to be better adapted to connecting rod cracking needs, formation sufficiently large moment rises disconnected thrust, described
It is the smooth linear of convex shaped for a central part that the curved profile acted on driven member in upper and lower cam 63 uses expanded view
（Referring to Fig. 4）, to the disconnected requirement setting of rising of crank pin end pore 5 under the height of projection foundation wedge interaction on contour line,
Stroke when meeting connecting rod cracking needed for wedge, thus during cam rotates a circle, corresponding wedge when initial
It is motionless, cam rotate to half cycle it is neighbouring when impose thrust to corresponding wedge, promote upper and lower wedge to move in opposite directions respectively
It is dynamic（Upper wedge is moved down, move on lower wedge）, by the mutual extruding between two wedge tapered planes, formed in the horizontal direction
（Connecting rod central axis with horizontal positioned is Chong Die）The disconnected thrust that rises, the horizontal thrust of two wedges is located on same level straight line
And it is equal in magnitude, in opposite direction, the inwall of crank pin end pore 5 is respectively acting on corresponding to the part of connecting rod cap 2 and corresponding to connecting rod
The position of body 1, due to the inclined-plane amplification of wedge（The wedge shape of wedge generally can be using acute angle wedge shape）, ensure that
The sufficiently large disconnected thrust that rises, connecting rod is risen from the default disconnected indentation, there that rises of big end hole 5 disconnected, forms connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 two
Point, then as the continuation of cam rotates, wedge is return original position, is risen disconnected again in the presence of respective back-moving spring 65
Connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 afterwards is no longer influenced by the thrust of wedge.It is understood that to realize the above-mentioned course of work, it is described
The hole for allowing lower wedge 67 and lower head 62 other relevant portions to pass through should be left on workbench 66, and connecting rod is in workbench
Installed on 66 after fixing, big end hole 5 should be located on the correspondence position of the hole, and the axis of connecting rod should be located at upper and lower wedge
The disconnected thrust that rises position on.
Preferably, the connecting rod positioner include for insert small head bore alignment pin that connecting rod small end hole positioned and
Two backing pins of the gear at the nearly big end hole position in connecting rod shank both sides are respectively used to, big end hole pretension is additionally provided with the workbench 66
Device, the big end hole pre-tightening apparatus include at least two groups big end hole elastic force push rods, and one of which big end hole elastic force push rod is used for
Hole wall outside of the big end hole corresponding to the part of gonnecting rod body 1 is withstood on, another group of big end hole elastic force push rod is used to withstand on big end hole correspondence
In the hole wall outside of connecting rod cover, the big end hole elastic force push rod is provided with push-rod guide（Such as push rod fairlead）To limit
Elastic force push rod can only be moved along its own axis, the big end hole elastic force push rod be additionally provided with for by it to pushing away that top orientation is pushed away
Power spring, big end hole thrust pre-tightening apparatus can be selected suitably the amount of force of connecting rod, do not influence rising for connecting rod disconnected, connecting rod
Rise and have no progeny, during wedge returns original position, each elastic force push rod promotes connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 respectively, and pairing exists again
Together, effectively to eliminate the microplasticity deformation risen on section, the convex-concave structure for making to rise on section can after re-assemblying
Preferably it coincide, in addition, this big end hole pre-tightening apparatus can also auxiliary is fixed to be made to being played installed in the connecting rod of workbench 66
With.
Preferably, the connecting rod cracking device be additionally provided with it is supporting with big end hole 5 and wedge rise disconnected watt 11, it is described rise it is disconnected
Watts 11 quantity is two, and in cylindrical, the preferably inwall with big end hole 5 matches disconnected watt of the lateral surface of rising, its circle
Cylinder may be typically less than（It is slightly less than）Half cylinder, reserve the spacing for being easy to assembling work between disconnected watt 11 to rise two,
Described the medial surface for rising disconnected watt is plane and is provided with vertically extending rectangular channel, and the rectangular channel sets between two parties in the lateral direction
Put, its width is more than（It is slightly larger than）The width of the wedge.When using, two are risen disconnected watt and is positioned in crank pin end pore 5, made
Its lateral surface is fitted correspond to the position of connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 on the inwall of crank pin end pore 5 respectively, by upper and lower vehicle with walking machine
Structure drives the movement of upper and lower head, upper and lower wedge insertion two is risen in the rectangular channel formed after disconnected watt of rectangular channel pairing,
Each self-corresponding disconnected watt of rectangular channel of rising is pressed close to or be adjacent to the vertical plane relative with tapered plane respectively on the upper and lower wedge
Bottom land, disconnected watt and through rising disconnected watt appropriate pre- thrust is imposed to rising to the inwall of big end hole 5, be beneficial to reduction rise it is disconnected during not
Necessity vibration offsets, rise it is disconnected during, wedge imposes thrust to its corresponding rising disconnected watt, and by rising disconnected watt to major part
The respective regions of the inwall of hole 5 impose thrust, by this power transmitting construction and mode, it is ensured that the thrust during breaking that rises is connecting
Bar respective regions it is balanced or symmetrical, it is ensured that synchronization in the axial direction is risen disconnected, it is to avoid because of asynchronous caused axial twist
And deformation, and then connecting rod cap 2 and gonnecting rod body 1 can be made to be fitted after re-assemblying more preferably, it is ensured that assembly precision.
Preferably, the center of the rectangular channel bottom land is provided with vertically extending arc guide groove 12, on the wedge with
The relative vertical plane of tapered plane is provided with vertically extending arc fin 15 corresponding with the arc guide groove 12, the arc
Shape gathering sill 12 cooperates with the arc fin 15, it is ensured that rise disconnected process linear movement and straight line stress.
Preferably, the nearly notch position of the two side of the rectangular channel is in abducent arc surfaced（I.e. and rectangular channel
Cross section intersection be arc）, for example, 1/4 circular arc is additionally provided with air jet system on the upper head 69 or lower head 62,
The air jet system includes the air jet pipe 14 vertically extended from corresponding head, and the quantity of the air jet pipe 14 is preferably two,
Respectively positioned at the left and right sides of corresponding wedge, the air jet pipe 14 connects pressure gas source, the air jet pipe by connecting pipe
Gas puff Z-pinch valve is provided with the connecting pipe between the pressure gas source.By the arc surfaced in rectangle groove sidewall, rise when two
After disconnected watt pairing, the arc space that can accommodate air jet pipe is formed in the side wall apposition position of rectangular channel, it is possible thereby to by each side
Air jet pipe 14 is inserted in the arc space of corresponding side respectively, and each air jet pipe is provided with some axially distributed puff prots, described
Puff prot is towards outside（The offside of nearly wedge side）.
Preferably, the upper and lower head is separately mounted on the upper and lower head cantilever, the upper and lower head with it is described
The mode that column is flexibly connected is socketed on the column by sliding sleeve or slide opening respectively for the upper and lower head cantilever, described
Upper and lower walking mechanism can be using the screw drive mechanism for being provided with drive device, and the upper and lower head is on corresponding head cantilever
Mounting means can be to be fixedly connected, or the flexible connection for allowing it to be moved linearly along cantilever, when straight using allowing
During the flexible connection of line movement, the upper and lower head can be respectively provided with the walking in a horizontal state that it can be driven to be moved along place cantilever
Mechanism, furthermore it is also possible to using enabling cantilever to be rotated around column in the prior art of any suitable, so that head can be
Moved on any direction, can arbitrarily adjust the locus of head.
As connecting rod positioner and the another embodiment of big end hole pre-tightening apparatus, can also on the workbench 66
Track is provided with, portable plate can be installed on the track, the portable plate is provided with the device for fixing small end of connecting rod, example
Such as multiple alignment pins and/or locating piece of suitable way distribution, the portable plate is additionally provided with pre-tightening apparatus, rise it is disconnected before root
Size according to connecting rod etc. adjusts the position of portable plate, and portable plate is fixed on a suitable position by the pre-tightening apparatus, even
When bar rises disconnected, the small end of connecting rod can move along a straight line along connecting rod axis direction together with the portable plate, thus, by activity
Plate and corresponding location structure and pre-tightening apparatus on portable plate, and coordinate slip of the portable plate on workbench 66, it is real
Installation of the existing connecting rod on workbench 66 be fixed and the pairing again of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body of having no progeny that rises.
Preferably, the portable plate is provided with automatic resetting device, and after the completion of connecting rod cracking, portable plate drivening rod microcephaly is certainly
Dynamic return realizes the engagement again after breaking of rising, and thus obtains the firm plane of disruption.
Preferably, the air jet pipe 14 and the space for accommodating air jet pipe respectively have two, in apposition position connecting rod axis pair
The position of title sets two air jet pipes, ensures that the chip in whole crank pin end pore can be dried only from both sides jet.
Originally rise each electricity consumption part of disconnected device can be uniformly controlled by switch board, can by the way of any suitable reality
The disconnected device each several part that now rises synergistically is operated in order, and these control modes and the control problem that may relate to can foundations
Prior art is realized, repeated no more.
The present invention relative to cut-out parting plane traditional processing mode compared with, with following clear superiority：
（1）Save the processing of connecting rod cap and the faying face of gonnecting rod body；
（2）Gonnecting rod body is relatively easy with the processing in connecting rod cap bolt hole；
（3）The cracking connecting rod that rises does not need nut, and screw thread is directly processed on gonnecting rod body, reduces nut part and set-up time；
（4）The rough section that rises increases the area of connecting rod cap and the faying face of gonnecting rod body, this enhances connecting rod ASSY
Bearing capacity and anti-shear ability after installation;
（5）Gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap combine assembling by the section that rises of self-assembling formation, and not only repeatable accuracy and positioning precision are good,
The precision of the form tolerance of crank pin end pore（Circularity, cylindricity）Also it is kept as；
（6）Connecting-rod bolts are not playing the role of positioning, and the processing of bolt is relatively easily many, reduce the purchase cost of bolt；
（7）Save substantial amounts of cutter expense and die cost；
（8）Operation and lathe are reduced, equipment operator is reduced；
（9）By counting and calculating:With cut Machining of Connecting Rod method compared with, laser rise disconnected technology can save machine tool investment
5%, machining processes 50%-60% is reduced, reduce production cost 5%- 20%；
It is disclosed by the invention it is each preferably with optional technological means, unless otherwise indicated and a preferred or optional technological means is
Outside the further restriction of another technological means, some different technical schemes can be formed in any combination.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of engine link rises disconnected method processing technology, it is characterised in that the big end hole processed on connecting rod blank is circle
Hole, the connecting rod blank that will be machined with big end hole by the disconnected mode that rises is separated into gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts, gonnecting rod body and company
The involutory surface of bowl cover is the not machined section that rises, by the intermeshing reality between gonnecting rod body and the involutory surface of connecting rod cap
Existing connection positioning between gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap.
2. processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the mode that big end hole is processed on connecting rod blank is even
Continuous cutting goes out the big end hole of circle on bar blank, it is preferred to use boring machine carries out the machining of big end hole.
3. processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that fastened using bolt between the gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap,
Mutual corresponding bolt hole is processed on gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap, the bolt hole on the connecting rod cap is not set leading to for screw thread
Hole, the bolt hole on the gonnecting rod body is processed positioned at bolt hole port to set female blind hole on the connecting rod cap
Screw face, there is no screw face on the gonnecting rod body.
4. processing technology as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that do not set on the bolt hole and the bolt for even
The location structure of the body of rod and connecting rod cap connection positioning.
5. processing technology as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that material therefor is C70S6BY carbon microalloy Micro Alloyings high
Steel.
6. the processing technology as described in claim 1,2,3,4 or 5, it is characterised in that rise it is disconnected before, first in big end hole or so
The two symmetrical disconnected guiding grooves that rise in left and right are processed on the inwall of both sides, the plane of disruption is formed along the disconnected guiding groove that rises when rising disconnected.
7. processing technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the disconnected guiding groove that rises is flat relative to plane of disruption design
The rectangular rectangular channel of the wedge shaped wedge-shaped slot of face specular and cross section or cross section.
8. processing technology as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the disconnected guiding groove that rises is added by the way of laser cutting
Work.
9. processing technology as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that corresponding to the portion of connecting rod cap on the disconnected forward oriented link blank that rises
Give so that towards the symmetrical back pressure of connecting rod body portion, back pressure is preferably 1 with the size relation of the disconnected power that rises:3-1:
4, rise during breaking and/or rise to have no progeny and dried to the breaking joint gap that rises, the metal powder grain that fracture is produced is blown away, rising for connecting rod blank is disconnected square
Formula is that insertion will rise disconnected watt in big end hole, and disconnected watt of the quantity of rising is multi-disc, bears against the gonnecting rod body of the inwall in big end hole
On part and connecting rod cover, to rising, disconnected watt imposes along the outside disconnected thrust that rises of connecting rod blank axis direction, makes connecting rod blank
Rise along plane of disruption design plane under the guiding of the disconnected guiding groove that rises disconnected, spreading speed is preferably not less than 100mm/s.
10. the processing technology as described in any one in claim 1-9, it is characterised in that institute is realized using connecting rod cracking device
The connecting rod blank that will be machined with big end hole by the disconnected mode that rises stated is separated into gonnecting rod body and connecting rod cap two parts, and the connecting rod rises
Disconnected device includes Vertical Rack and the workbench on the Vertical Rack, also including upper head and lower head, it is described on
Head and lower head are arranged on the column of the Vertical Rack with the movable connection method for allowing it to move up and down respectively, and point
The upper walking mechanism and lower walking mechanism that it can be driven to move up and down are not provided with, and the upper head is located at the upper of the workbench
Side, the lower head is located at the lower section of the workbench, and connecting rod positioner is provided with the workbench, and the upper head sets
There is the upper wedge that can move up and down and the disconnected thrust mechanism of the rise that the upper wedge is moved down can be promoted, it is described
Lower head is provided with the lower wedge that can move up and down and the lower wedge can be promoted to move up down the disconnected thrust that rises
Mechanism, down, positioned at the top of the lower wedge, the tip of the lower wedge shape is upward, described at the tip of the upper wedge
The cross section of upper and lower wedge is rectangular, and relative side is be parallel to each other oblique between the upper wedge-shaped and lower wedge
Plane, other sides are vertical plane, will wait that the connecting rod for rising disconnected is fixed on the table, and two supporting rising disconnected watt are placed in
It is attached in big end hole and respectively big end hole to correspond respectively on the inwall of connecting rod cap and gonnecting rod body, the upper and lower head of movement makes upper and lower
Wedge insertion two is risen between disconnected watt by the coffin in the disconnected watt inner rectangular groove pairing that rises and making upper and lower wedge, rising
Disconnected watt is pressed close to or is adjacent to respectively successively with big end hole inwall, and upper and lower wedge phase up and down is promoted by the upper and lower disconnected thrust mechanism that rises
To movement, by the extruding force of wedge by connecting rod cracking.
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106903492B (en) | 2019-04-26 |
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