CN106895869A - A kind of electronic measurement system of high-precision low cost - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of electronic measurement system of high-precision low cost, belong to electronic measuring instrument field.The present invention is calculated by the software that measurement signal conditioning work as much as possible is transferred on Intelligent mobile equipment from hardware circuit, and by by the built-in condition code of software transfer system, the method such as system interpolated data form in itself or error concealment formula and its calculating parameter improves certainty of measurement and reduces system cost.The present invention solves existing electronic measurement system and cannot take into account the contradiction of cost, volume and the aspect of certainty of measurement three, can be used to manufacture separate high accuracy electronic measuring instrument, it can also be used to the high-performance measurement module in various distinct devices.

Description

A kind of electronic measurement system of high-precision low cost

Technical field

It is transferred on Intelligent mobile equipment from hardware circuit by by measurement signal conditioning work as much as possible the present invention relates to one kind Software calculate to improve the electronic measurement system of precision reduces cost.

Background technology

It is well known that the ratio and non-rectilinear of the output valve of sensor and input value.So generally requiring with real output value and plan The contrast of straight line is closed to determine the static linear degree of sensor.Additionally, sensor also needs to ensure precision by calibration data. But because cost and production efficiency are limited, sensor is difficult to accurately determine the characteristic curve of itself in process of production, can only Ensure with batch sensor precision within the required range on the premise of, calibrated with the conventional data of all products.It is single Therefore the precision of sensor is limited by colony's average calibration numerical value.

Further, since the ratio of sensor output value and measured value and non-rectilinear, the resolution of sensor each point in full range Rate is simultaneously differed, therefore output quantity can be made to produce the maximum changing value in the input quantity of Spline smoothing as measurement in conventional full scale The index of resolution ratio.This is also, because cost and productivity ratio are limited, and to cause the resolution ratio of each sensor in current sensor production The reason for being limited by population mean value.Similarly, the sensor of batch production, its nominal linearity, sensitivity, sluggishness, Null offset, the isoparametric raising of sensitivity temperature drift are also therefore limited.

Therefore, in order to improve the certainty of measurement of sensor, differential technique, zero method differential method and technology of closed loop, average are generated Technology, segmentation and subdivision technology, decoupling technology, compensation and a series of technical solutions of alignment technique etc..It is above-mentioned for carrying In high-precision technology, most of technology is only used for specific area or specific kind of sensor, compensates general with alignment technique Although property is relatively strong, but compensation and correcting circuit design complicated, relatively costly, and software compensation correction needs High Performance SCM Or the operational capability of computer is supported.

Even if sensor precision problem in itself can be solved, the error that signal conditioning circuit brings is also very important.Such as believe The design of number amplifier generally needs given：It is 1 input signal, 2 output signal amplitudes, 3 overall gains, 4 working bands, 5 non- Linear distortion, 6 environment temperatures, 7 input impedance, 8 input noises, 9 supply voltages etc. conditional parameter.But actually setting In meter, it is difficult to take into account or measure obtain all required data.This just limits the precision of amplifying circuit from source, even if adopting Cannot also be solved the problems, such as above with high performance integrated operational amplifier.As a same reason, filter circuit and integrated active filter Although noise signal can be filtered, also bring along measuring system certainty of measurement for desired signal and decline.Sampling hold circuit, mould Intend switch, A/D conversions, V/F change-over circuits etc also same.At the same time, for measuring instrument equipment, because each The respective error of components and functionality module can be accumulated as systematic error together with various other random errors, and measuring system In will necessarily there is uncertainty system error and random error, so as to be accumulated as a larger systematic error.Therefore, spend larger Cost improves sensor precision in itself, or certain functional circuit module precision, effect is not for improving system accuracy Substantially, it is more uneconomical.

For part solve the above problems, NASA develops intelligence sensor (Intelligent Sensor) for 1978, be by The multi-functional dexterous type sensing system of sensor and computer integration.Current intellectualized sensor have been realized in miniaturization, Structure-integrated, array and the target such as digital, with self-diagnostic function, memory and the information processing function, data storage work( Energy, many reference amounts measurement function, networking current function, logical thinking and arbitration functions.Function is developed again on this basis Stronger and more fully virtual instrument technique.Existing most of intelligence sensor relied on as virtual instrument external computer or Special single-chip microcomputer carries out data processing, and a small number of Integrated Intelligent Sensors focus primarily upon imageing sensor.Typical intelligence instrument is abided by Follow IEE1451 standards to develop, generally require two pieces of high-performance MCU and some pieces of MCP2510, PCA82C250T etc. Companion chip separately constitutes " intelligent transducer module " (STIM) and " network adapter module " (NCAP) and sensor is obtained The signal for obtaining carries out basic conditioning and transmission.Intelligence sensor is as virtual instrument, although precision is higher, but use cost Too high with technical threshold, circuit development difficulty is larger, and needs industry specialists to be programmed operation, so it is mainly used in laboratory, Medical treatment and scientific research field, it is difficult to popularized in everyday devices.

Therefore, in actual production, many measurement products or equipment for having strict demand to precision, once the bar such as cost and volume Part is limited, and is just difficult to ensure that certainty of measurement higher.Typical example is the GB GB/T 19634-2005 of domestic blood glucose meter, its The requirement of qualified products is to require that 95% test data result falls within deviation ± 20%.For blood sugar numerical value, ± 20% Error burst, it is meant that if independent detection is slightly close to high-low limit deviation twice, testing result be enough to across non-diabetic, The number that mild diabetes (7.0~8.4mmoi/L of fasting blood-glucose) are arrived between medium diabetes mellitus (8.4~11.1mmoi/L of fasting blood-glucose) Value is interval.Also 5% testing result can turn into the gross error for having no reference value but being likely to cause user misleading --- Because without professional knowledge, domestic consumer cannot exclude 5% erroneous measurements in single measurement with experience and professional knowledge at all Influence.Certain is only used for which results in most of domestic blood glucose meter fix (such as one section of the daily blood glucose fluctuation amount of diabetic Blood sugar whether there is rapid increase in period) qualitative detection, the blood sugar biochemistry detection of hospital cannot be substituted completely, strongly limit state Produce the medical diagnosis value and market prospects of domestic type blood glucose meter.Kindred circumstances also occurs in domestic electronic sphygmomanometer, using biology On a large amount of detection of electrons products such as bodily fat measurement instrument, family expenses cardiotachometer of electrical impedance method.

It is noted that current existing traditional virtual instrument is the powerful computing capability of a kind of utilization computer soft with what is enriched The instrument system of hardware resource tissue.In more detail, existing virtual instrument can be special by being equipped with a computer The application software and specialized hardware (such as plug-in type board) of door completes the function of traditional instrument.Existing virtual instrument is by I/O Interface equipment carry out signal collection, measurement and nurse one's health, using computer display simulate traditional instrument control panel, by with Virtual panel is designed at family, in a variety of forms expression output testing result, and realizes signal using the powerful software function of computer Analysis, computing and treatment --- this partial function conditional electronic instrument often realized with Simulation scale-up, filter circuit and single-chip microcomputer, So that computer has various test functions.The function of such virtual instrument is extremely powerful, coordinates National Instrument The LabVIEW softwares and data acquisition equipment of company can substitute most conditional electronic instruments.But traditional virtual instrument because Be to need a large amount of professional instrument communication standards of compatibility such as RS485, can only by the plug-in type board comprising a large amount of distinct interfaces and Computer is communicated, so its volume is larger, used by very not readily portable and traverse measurement.And traditional virtual instrument system To meet the required precision of almost omnipotent versatility and scientific research measurement rank, cost is sufficiently expensive, and is to improve virtual system Measurement and envelop of function user in need carry out the problem of secondary development to virtual panel and user interface, user are needed high Professional knowledge requirement, so as to hinder application of the virtual instrument in amateur field.

The performance and function of the Intelligent mobile equipment processors such as current smart mobile phone are quickly improved, the operation of Intelligent mobile equipment System and programmed environment are gradually improved, so the performance and software environment of Intelligent mobile equipment can meet most virtual Needed for instrument, and be easy to carry, the more low advantage of cost.If realizing being substituted by by the computing capability of Intelligent mobile equipment Relatively more huge and expensive PC and the effect of work station, and simplify communication and data transmission system, can effectively reduce Use cost, it is required in order to various high-precision low cost measurements in meeting middle and low-end market field to simplify operation.It is current to have a lot By the use of Intelligent mobile equipment as the patent of measuring system I/O parts, such as patent CN201510301587.4, patent CN20152369193.8 and patent CN201510276162.2 etc., remain with complete measurement and counting circuit, only will intelligence Mobile device is used as additional " easy-to-use type input-output interface ", the mobile data storage facilities of more Large Copacity and connection internet Extended function module.But now, Intelligent mobile equipment only serves Function Extension effect, measuring apparatus still need in itself according to Rely single-chip microcomputer or industrial PC (species is different with difficulty to be selected according to measuring) processing core measurement data, it is not revolutionary Change.Because, it is desirable to the function of existing virtual instrument is directly substituted with Intelligent mobile equipment and generating date is realized And output, the computing capability of current Intelligent mobile equipment is still not enough.Or be only capable of doing some distinctive signals at simple additional place Reason, but increases the cost and complexity of measuring instrument on the contrary --- as patent CN201510233390.1 discloses a kind of fetus-voice meter, Can by fetal heart rate signal be input in Intelligent mobile equipment by COBBAIF, Intelligent mobile equipment is only used in the unit interval Fetal heart sound frequency amount is counted after carrying out simply filtering, but fetus-voice meter stills need possess the whole hardware circuits for providing and working independently, Also need additionally to increase audio output port, now Intelligent mobile equipment be substantially as remove from user pinch stopwatch operation and prevent from listening by mistake The auto-counter for miscounting is used, and increased fetus-voice meter on the contrary as extra additional function modules carries out audio conversion and output Cost and complexity, and pass data to the scheme of Intelligent mobile equipment not versatility with COBBAIF.So have must Study and how to make full use of the computing capability of Intelligent mobile equipment equipment in traditional measuring instrument to reduce the side of system cost Case, and reduce the program to the performance requirement of Intelligent mobile equipment and improve applicability of the program for different meter device equipment.

The content of the invention

It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of electronic measurement system of high-precision low cost, set with solving conditional electronic accurate measurement The parameters such as standby certainty of measurement, cost, the volume for existing mutually are limited, and high-precision electronic measuring system is difficult to asking for penetration and promotion Topic.

To achieve the above object, the technical scheme is that：A kind of high-precision inexpensive electronic measurement system, comprising sensing Device module, baseband signal modulate circuit, master data treatment and the functional module such as communication module, feature code memory, by will The Intelligent mobile equipment processor that nonessential and more complicated signal condition work is transferred to powerful is processed, and is believed with simplifying The hardware circuit of number conditioning, and ensure and improve final certainty of measurement.

Described sensor assembly includes one or more similar or different sensors, and the parameter of required detection is converted into telecommunications Number, it is transmitted further to corresponding process circuit in baseband signal modulate circuit and carries out signal basic amplification, filtering, A/D to turn Change, I/F conversion, V/F conversion etc. conditioning operation.And by the signal transmission after conditioning to master data treatment and communicating circuit.

Described master data treatment and communication module are processed comprising being core based on single-chip microcomputer or PLC etc. with simple data The computing module of function, and the data stored in feature code memory are can read, while communication module is also equipped with, can be according to reality Border needs and cost control, will be calculated from the usb protocol by standard, WIFI agreements, Zigbee protocol or Bluetooth protocol Data afterwards are communicated with Intelligent mobile equipment.

Now, by the powerful calculating of Intelligent mobile equipment and storage capacity, signal errors that basic modulate circuit to be eliminated, Noise and interference data can be eliminated by special software.Additionally, sensor and the intrinsic " survey of baseband signal modulate circuit Nonlinearity between value and signal value " and other errors can by being stored in feature code memory, before being dispatched from the factory by producer and Condition code checking list or correction function in use by accurate correction are eliminated.So as to obtain being independent of sensor and conditioning Circuit hardware precision and element uniformity, and can at low cost realize high-precision measurement function.Especially it is noted that Low-level language of the programming of Intelligent mobile equipment platform relative to conventional one-piece machine --- it is such as assembler language and C language and extremely special The situation that Virtual Instrument Program language Labview, LabWindows of industry etc. have to be programmed by industry specialists and optimized is come Say, programming software and programming platform versatility based on intelligent family moving platforms such as Android, IOS or WP are stronger, study number is more Many, this just considerably reduces the difficulty and cost of the dedicated program exploitation for being directed to inexpensive product, and can be by a large amount of common Product development speed is improved several times even decades of times by the cooperation of the even amateurish programmer of programmer.

Additionally, be transferred on the processor of Intelligent mobile equipment for the data processing of sensor by the present invention, single height is not only reduced The cost of accuracy measurement system, and due in overwhelming majority application (indoor PM2.5 numerical value, use as needed for air purifier In the reducibility gas concentration such as oil smoke and combustion gas when blood sugar test numerical value, blood pressure values, the culinary cuisine at family, production line work Specific dimensions measurement data etc. of position single part) in user some continuously need not uninterruptedly be measured with high sample frequency Data, as long as so multiple employ identical data biography based on of the invention similar or different measuring apparatus or measuring system Defeated agreement, is aided with the general purpose processor for possessing time-division processing function, be capable of achieving by single Intelligent mobile equipment receive, treatment and The effect of the data that a large amount of distinct devices measure is forwarded, so that it is raw greatly to reduce whole smart home, single laboratory or a part The construction cost of high precision measuring system in producing line.Because the Intelligent mobile equipment such as smart mobile phone and panel computer almost into Family's standard configuration, and its computing capability is enough to be undertaken by timesharing calculating the management work of multiple measuring systems.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：By the work with software replacement major part signal conditioning circuit, ensureing and improving measurement essence The cost of electronic measurement system is significantly reduced on the premise of degree, and utilizes general Intelligent mobile equipment development platform, significantly The development difficulty of special-purpose software is simplified, and can realize measuring a large amount of mutually incoherent different types by single Intelligent mobile equipment System carries out the purpose of unified monitoring and data acquisition, to adapt to the interconnected transition of smart home or intelligence based on industry internet Needed for the fields such as metaplasia product.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is that the system composition of patent of the present invention shows block diagram.

In figure, 1 sensor assembly, 2 baseband signal modulate circuits, 3 master datas are processed and communication module, the storage of 4 condition codes Device, 5 intelligent mobile processor modules.

Specific embodiment

As shown in figure 1, sensor assembly 1 is in the measurements, the electric signal that one or more sensors are measured is delivered to basic letter In number modulate circuit 2.Baseband signal modulate circuit 2 after the signal to sensor assembly 1 does most basic amplification and conversion i.e. By signal be sent to master data treatment and communication module 3 further sampled and prepares transmit.Now, as far as possible simplify and Baseband signal modulate circuit 2 is reduced the reason for carrying out conditioning work to signal because, any sensor signal conditioning circuit is right Signal completes amplification, shaping or conversion, or itself necessarily brings new error when filtering the main target of specific noise, this reality It is the variable quantity in systematic error in subsequent software computing is increased in matter.In addition to increasing hardware cost, for follow-up It is also unfavorable for signal software calculating treatment.

Signal after the basic conditioning work such as amplification, can be processed by based on the master data that single-chip microcomputer or PLC etc. be core Data signal is translated into communication module 3, by the usb protocol of standard, WIFI agreements, Zigbee protocol or bluetooth Agreement is communicated the data after calculating and Intelligent mobile equipment.While measured value signal is propagated, master data treatment The circuit that 1 sensor assembly 1 and baseband signal modulate circuit 2 are constituted can also be read with communication module 3 from condition code holder 4 System global feature code table or simple correction function simultaneous transmission to intelligent mobile processor module 5, for intelligent mobile treatment Device module 5 is by software correction measurement data and needed for drawing the calculating of accurate data.The intelligent mobile processor module 5 can Be based on intelligent movable processor chips set up：Independent smart mobile phone, Intelligent flat computer or the special control system of pocket System；The upper computer control system in this measuring instrument can also be integrated with；Can also be mounted in outside this equipment, for controlling Multiple similar or inhomogeneity measuring apparatus data processing centres using similar Data Transport Protocol of system etc..Therefore, the present invention is Can be used for independent measuring instrument equipment, it is also possible to as one in overall intelligence household or industry internet production control system Part.

It may be noted that after setting up independent condition code holder 4, present system guarantees that the method for certainty of measurement from production it is upper just with tradition Electronic measuring instrument there occurs change.Conditional electronic measuring system is, it is necessary to each link guarantee measures sum from each circuit According to the precision for the treatment of, there is requirement very high to the precision of each electronic component in equipment, now designing can only often be partial to essence Degree, or it is partial to the opposition performance parameter such as cost, volume and portability.For system of the invention, producer will can pass Sensor module 1, baseband signal modulate circuit 2 and master data treatment and the overall influence to measurement signal of communication module 3 are from whole It is considered as an independent black box on body, the difference between the data that actual tested numerical value and black box are given can then dispatch from the factory in producer Before, the SMI by higher precision is (general to require to be missed less than product for the elementary error δ of calibration and demarcation equipment Poor 1/5 to 1/10) measure standard in several surveying ranges and check point (sample point total amount is depending on Product Precision requirement), Output data after measuring Black smoker is contrasted, you can obtain the relatively high sublevel between the output valve of Black smoker and true value The interpolated data table or simple correction function of density, and write-in characteristic code holder 4.Actually used middle intelligent mobile processor Module 5 passes through corresponding software, after obtaining the feature code table or correction function stored in condition code holder 4, it is easy to pass through The Numerical Methods such as interpolation, maximum likelihood estimate or least square method, draw the corresponding standard of the current output valve of Black smoker True measured value, this is especially valuable for the measuring system of unequally spaced series.Using intelligent mobile processor module 5 possess relative to Processing speed is faster for SCM system, and the advantage of mass data can be kept in mass storage, and the present invention can also pass through Large-scale sampling repeatedly eliminates randomness systematic error.Meanwhile, condition code can also be to just in intelligent mobile processor module 5 The identification coding of the software transmission of upper operation this equipment, accuracy class, call which kind of database in software, public using which kind of calculating Formula (such as conventional least square data fitting method, or piecewise polynomial interpolation method etc.) and computing module so that single program can For control, the measured value of different types of electronic surveying product is read and calculated, it is also possible to allow software to exclude deviation easily true The larger gross error of value scope.Dispatch from the factory accurate calibration and demarcation which achieves producer to electronic surveying product.Because of the present invention Measurement product whole errors are unified in a black box, system accumulated error is eliminated, so this stated accuracy is substantially not Disturbed by the precision of electronic component in sensor and other circuits in itself and batch error, so as to reduce component cost and carry While high production yield, it is ensured that the relatively conventional measuring instrument of product possesses certainty of measurement higher.Certainly, producer also may be used Because precision and cost requirement change, continue to use using the method for strictly screening each sensor and electronic component performance parametric stability to subtract Few factory-designed workload.For the virtual instrument for being completely dependent on software processing, the introduced feature code in measuring system Holder 4, is write interpolated data between true value and the output valve of measuring system etc. when being demarcated before being dispatched from the factory using measuring instrument equipment Enter condition code holder 4, software processing work can be greatly simplified.This causes the pattern of system relative virtual instrument of the invention, The mobile processor for being more suitable for several orders of magnitude lower than PC with processor performance is docked.

Additionally, for the measuring system for relying on hardware circuit and ensureing certainty of measurement, measuring system of the invention possesses can be with Facilitate the advantage for correcting at any time in use.For example, the blood glucose meter for being manufactured using the principle of the invention, when user thinks or cherishes When doubting instrument after long-term use reason causing accuracy because electronic component is aging etc., can apply to manufacturer or retailer Or buy some demarcation and have the correction test paper of standard blood sugar numerical value, workman's correction is carried out to blood glucose meter and is re-scaled, if by cadre school Calibration data input APP on schedule, then by the write-in characteristic of intelligent mobile processor module 5 code holder 4, so that recover, very To obtaining certainty of measurement higher during than dispatching from the factory --- now improving certainty of measurement can be used as the value-added service of producer.Bodily fat measurement The calibration method of instrument is similar to, with some normal impedance modular calibrations.Now, calibration operation is carried out on APP, compared with intelligence Can sensor or professional measuring instrument need it is much more convenient for special programmable device and input write-in terminal, it is not required that industry Expert is programmed operation.

Preferably, product of the invention can possess in baseband signal modulate circuit 2 with one or several are simple The modulate circuit of complete signal condition function carries out parallel binding, joins in disengaging intelligent mobile processor module 5 in order to product In the case of signal transacting, the fundamental measurement function of lower accuracy is realized, or complete temperature test to realize temperature drift school The function such as just.This can make product realize possessing quick measurement and function of both high-acruracy survey.Illustrate, design one Can be used to measure body weight, and claimed using the multifunction electronic that bioelectrical impedance analysis measure body fat rate, because body weight test circuit and electricity Subcomponent technology maturation, cost is relatively low, then corresponding in the baseband signal modulate circuit 2 needed for can completely building correspondence body weight test Circuit, and signal condition and correcting circuit needed for the test of accurate measurement body fat rate are excessively complicated, then can simplify its corresponding basic Related circuit in signal conditioning circuit 2, intelligent mobile processor module is transferred to by signal condition as much as possible and correction work 5。

Preferably, the measuring apparatus larger for some certainty of measurement temperature influences, can set up temperature in sensor assembly 1 Degree sensor, and sensor assembly 1, baseband signal modulate circuit 2 and master data are processed and this three institute of communication module 3 Temperature drift correction value or temperature drift function write-in characteristic the code holder 4 of the Black smoker of composition, to exclude temperature change pair The influence of certainty of measurement.

It may be noted that in the present invention, cited embodiment is only used for image explanation and disclosure technology in specification and Figure of description Scheme.A kind of embodiment of the possible technique scheme in for specification, technical staff of the same trade is easy to by without creativeness Local change carries out equivalent substitute to embodiment.Therefore the description that protection scope of the present invention is not limited in specification, and Ying Yiquan Sharp claim is defined.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of electronic measurement system of high-precision low cost, it is characterised in that：Comprising sensor assembly (1), baseband signal Modulate circuit (2), master data treatment and communication module (3), feature code memory (4) etc functional module；

The sensor assembly (1) includes the annex such as one or several similar or dissimilar sensors and its mounting bracket, And baseband signal modulate circuit (2) can be given by electric signal transmission；Electric signal is carried out base by the baseband signal modulate circuit (2) Master data treatment and communication module (3) are transmitted a signal to after this conditioning operation；The functional modules such as described document information memory (4) it is connected with master data treatment and communication module (3), and digital independent and write-in can be carried out by the latter.

2. the electronic measurement system of a kind of high-precision low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described base The simplifying design as far as possible of this signal conditioning circuit (2) part, only provides the basic conditioning operation such as amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, together Shi Jingjian omits the operation such as filtering, at utmost to reduce the extra error that circuit introduces measuring system in itself.

3. the electronic measurement system of a kind of high-precision low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described base Notebook data treatment and communication module (3) include micro-control unit MCU or PLC, and bluetooth, Zigbee or Wi-Fi it Class wireless data transfer module, in order to be communicated with Intelligent mobile equipment and data exchange, plays network adapter function； In addition master data treatment and communication module (3) can also write the data obtained from intelligent movable equipment and correction and control routine Enter feature code memory (4), that is, play data read-write control device function.

4. the electronic measurement system of a kind of high-precision low cost according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described spy It is that data are non-volatile after power down to levy code memory (4), EEPROM the or FLASH rom chips of resistance to frequent read-write, storage There is authentication of the circuit system global feature code table needed for electronic measurement system is recognized with APP communications as measuring system Description information, when receiving the sensor information after conditioning conversion and processed for APP, selects suitable computation model； Feature code memory also stores Data correction condition code form or correction function in (4)；And features described above code memory (4) Middle storage data can be processed by master data and communication module (3) is addressed and is transferred to the APP in Intelligent mobile equipment Processed.