CN106895624B - Device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water flow and ice making method - Google Patents
Device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water flow and ice making method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106895624B CN106895624B CN201710250123.4A CN201710250123A CN106895624B CN 106895624 B CN106895624 B CN 106895624B CN 201710250123 A CN201710250123 A CN 201710250123A CN 106895624 B CN106895624 B CN 106895624B
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- pipe
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C1/00—Producing ice
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25C—PRODUCING, WORKING OR HANDLING ICE
- F25C2301/00—Special arrangements or features for producing ice
- F25C2301/002—Producing ice slurries
Abstract
The invention relates to a device for preventing ice crystals from being transmitted in supercooled water, which comprises a transmission prevention pipe, a crystal promotion device, an air blower and a pipeline, and is characterized in that the transmission prevention pipe comprises a transmission prevention pipe inlet, a transmission prevention pipe outlet and a cold water flow passage, wherein the periphery of the cold water flow passage is provided with a shell, the shell is provided with a structure connected with an external air source, an air chamber is formed between the periphery of the cold water flow passage and the shell, the pipe wall of an inner pipe of the cold water flow passage is provided with a communication structure, and the communication structure enables the inner periphery of the cold water flow passage to form an air cushion layer; the outlet of the propagation preventing pipe is connected with the inlet pipe of the crystal promoting device through a pipeline, the outlet of the crystal promoting device is connected with the air blower through a pipeline, and the air blower is connected with the propagation preventing pipe as an external air source. The device can effectively block the ice crystal from counter-current propagation, avoid the icing and the channel blockage inside the supercooled water heat exchanger, and ensure the stable and reliable operation of the supercooled water type dynamic ice slurry preparation process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a supercooled water type dynamic ice slurry preparation technology, in particular to a device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water.
Background
Supercooled water is natural supercooled water, and although the temperature is lower than the freezing point (0 ℃), the supercooled water can still keep a non-icing liquid state under certain conditions, and the supercooled water is called as the water in the state. The basic principle of the technology is to utilize a high-efficiency heat exchanger (such as a plate heat exchanger) to cool liquid water to-2 deg.C, so that the liquid water is supercooled water when leaving the heat exchanger. The supercooled water leaves the heat exchanger and then enters the crystal actuator, the crystal actuator has a space for ultrasonic radiation, and the supercooled water is rapidly converted into ice slurry under the stimulation of ultrasonic waves. And finally conveying the ice slurry to an ice storage tank for storage. The super-cooled water type dynamic ice making process is an advanced energy-saving ice making technology, has the outstanding advantages of high heat transfer efficiency, low refrigeration energy consumption and the like, is widely applied to the fields of central air conditioner cold storage, process cooling, fishery and the like, and has very wide market prospect.
A key technical problem in the preparation process of the super-cooled water type dynamic ice slurry is the transmission of ice crystals in the super-cooled water. Supercooled water is a metastable liquid which is below freezing point but is not frozen temporarily, and has strong tendency of phase change freezing under the stimulation of various external disturbances, such as turbulence, impact, ultrasonic radiation, ice crystal excitation (ice crystals are excellent nucleating agents for supercooled water), and the like. In the preparation process of the dynamic ice slurry, the ice slurry is in the crystal accelerator 3, a large number of ice crystal particles exist in the ice slurry, and the ice crystal particles are natural excellent icing nucleating agents for supercooled water and can quickly induce the supercooled water to ice. Even if a large flow velocity exists in the supercooled water, the ice crystals cannot be prevented from inducing the icing tendency of the supercooled water along the counter-flow direction, particularly, a part of ice generated by the ice crystals inducing the supercooled water is tightly attached to the inner wall surface of the flow pipeline, and the part of ice cannot be washed away by increasing the flow velocity of the supercooled water, so that the ice crystals are propagated along the wall surface of the pipeline in a step-by-step counter-flow mode in a creeping mode and finally propagated into the supercooled water heat exchanger 4. Once the ice crystals are spread into the supercooled water heat exchanger 4, the ice in the heat exchanger is quickly frozen, the flow channel is blocked, and the heat exchange capacity is lost, so that the whole ice making cycle is forced to be stopped. Therefore, in order to ensure stable and reliable operation of the system for a long period of time, it is necessary to effectively block the above-mentioned counter-current propagation of ice crystals. Therefore, a device capable of effectively blocking the counter-current propagation of the ice crystals needs to be arranged on a connecting pipe between the outlet of the supercooled water heat exchanger and the inlet of the crystal promoting device, so that the stable and reliable operation of the supercooled water type dynamic ice slurry preparation process can be ensured.
In the prior art, the more common ice crystal blocking propagation technology is mainly a jacket heating method. The method is to heat the outer wall of the super-cooled water circulation pipeline and polish and perform hydrophobic coating treatment on the inner wall of the super-cooled water circulation pipeline to block ice crystal propagation. This method has the following problems: on the one hand, instability of the heating source can significantly affect the blocking efficiency. In practice, the stability of the heating source is difficult to control. The heat source is generally provided by cooling circulating water of a refrigeration host, and in different seasons, the temperature fluctuation of the cooling circulating water is large, and the circulating flow is difficult to dynamically monitor, so that the ice crystal propagation blocking capability is reduced or fails. On the other hand, the surface condition of the tube is gradually deteriorated with the lapse of the operation time after the tube is subjected to polishing and hydrophobic coating treatment, and this also results in the decrease or failure of the ice crystal propagation blocking ability. Therefore, the long-term stability and reliability of the ice slurry preparation process can be affected by the jacket heating method.
Chinese patent CN1409078A discloses an ice making method and an ice making device, and particularly discloses a device for preventing ice from being adsorbed on the inner wall of a connecting pipe in the device, which adopts an injection flow mode to inject water (non-supercooled water) in front of an inlet of a heat exchanger into the annular fracture so as to form a non-supercooled thin-wall water layer near the inner wall surface of the pipe, thereby preventing ice crystals from being attached on the wall surface. The technology has great difficulty in controlling the distribution of injection flow and main flow, and two adverse effects of blocking failure or sacrificing ice making efficiency can be caused by unreasonable flow distribution; the flow rate of water flowing out of the gap d of the connecting pipe is difficult to control, thereby causing poor stability of the liquid film; the liquid film is formed by water with the temperature of 0.5 ℃, and the water temperature of the liquid film is easy to change and is not easy to control.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention discloses a novel device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in the flow of supercooled water, which can effectively block the ice crystals from spreading in a counter-current manner and ensure the normal and stable work of a heat exchanger.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a prevent propagation pipe that prevents ice crystal propagation, should prevent propagation pipe including preventing propagation pipe entry, prevent propagation pipe export, the cold water runner, its characterized in that, cold water runner periphery is provided with the shell, is provided with the structure of connecting outside air supply on the shell, the air chamber that forms between cold water runner outer peripheral face and the above-mentioned shell, is provided with the intercommunication structure on the inner tube pipe wall of cold water runner, and this intercommunication structure makes cold water runner inner peripheral face form the air cushion layer. The communicating structure is through holes which are uniformly and densely arranged on the pipe wall of the inner pipe of the cold water flow passage; the structure connected with an external air source is arranged as an air chamber inlet.
A device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water comprises a spreading prevention pipe, a crystal promotion device, an air blower and a pipeline, and is characterized in that the spreading prevention pipe comprises a spreading prevention pipe inlet, a spreading prevention pipe outlet and a cold water flow channel, wherein the periphery of the cold water flow channel is provided with a shell, the shell is provided with a structure connected with an external air source, an air chamber is formed between the periphery of the cold water flow channel and the shell, the wall of an inner pipe of the cold water flow channel is provided with a communication structure, and the communication structure enables the inner periphery of the cold water flow channel to form an air cushion layer; the outlet of the propagation preventing pipe is connected with the inlet pipe of the crystal promoting device through a pipeline, the outlet of the crystal promoting device is connected with the air blower through a pipeline, and the air blower is connected with the propagation preventing pipe as an external air source. The communicating structure is through holes which are uniformly and densely arranged on the pipe wall of the inner pipe of the cold water flow passage; the structure connected with an external air source is arranged as an air chamber inlet.
Further, an ultrasonic crystal promotion device is arranged in the crystal promotion device 3. The crystal growth promoter is also provided with an ice slurry detention cavity and a gas separation cavity, the ice slurry detention cavity is communicated with the gas separation cavity, and the ice slurry detention cavity is arranged at the lower part of the crystal growth promoter and is in a cylindrical space; the gas separation cavity is arranged at the upper part of the crystal actuator and is in the shape of a revolving body container with a conical top; the outlet of the crystal promotion device is an outlet of the gas separation cavity and is arranged at the top of the gas separation cavity.
In addition, a liquid level sensor is also arranged in the crystal promotion device and used for detecting the lifting condition of the liquid level in the crystal promotion device. An air supply valve is arranged on the connecting pipe of the air separation cavity and the blower.
A refrigerating system comprising a device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water also comprises an ice storage tank, a water pump and a supercooled water heat exchanger, and is characterized in that the ice storage tank is connected with a cold water inlet pipe of the supercooled water heat exchanger, and a cold water outlet pipe of the supercooled water heat exchanger is connected with an inlet of a spreading prevention pipe; the water pump is connected with the ice storage tank and used for driving water in the ice storage tank to flow into the supercooled water heat exchanger.
A method for dynamically making ice using a refrigeration system having means for preventing ice crystals from propagating in subcooled water, comprising the steps of: starting the water pump to drive the water in the ice storage tank to flow into the propagation preventing pipe through the cold water heat exchanger; starting an air blower, and controlling the air flow and the air pressure of the air blower to enable the air to form a closed air cushion at the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the propagation preventing pipe; water flows into the crystal promoting device through the propagation preventing pipe, and an ultrasonic crystal promoting device of the crystal promoting device is started to prepare ice slurry from the supercooled water; starting a liquid level sensor in the crystal promotion device to monitor the liquid level condition in real time; if the liquid level drops to the interface and the storage volume of the circulating air is reduced to a set lower limit value, the air supplementing valve is opened to supplement necessary air into the system; when the circulating air storage quantity is supplemented to the set target value, the air supplementing valve is closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can realize the following beneficial effects:
1. the air can form a uniform air cushion layer near the inner wall surface of the perforated inner tube 103. The air cushion layer has a 'smooth' hydrodynamic effect, plays a role in isolation, enables supercooled water to be isolated from the inner wall surface of the supercooled water flow channel 104, enables ice crystals to be incapable of being attached to the wall surface of the pipe due to the existence of the air cushion, and effectively prevents the ice crystals from crawling. Therefore, the air cushion layer has the technical effect of preventing ice crystal from spreading, and continuous and stable running conditions of the cold water heat exchanger upstream of the air cushion layer are ensured.
2. Adopt the air cushion layer to be used as the isolation layer, the air cushion layer only need control its circulation air volume and air pressure, and does not need extra additional heat source, and the control process need not carry out the management and control to the temperature of air cushion layer. The air quantity and air pressure control device is simple and flexible, and the control method has good stability. The air pressure is controlled, so that the purpose of controlling the characteristics of the air cushion layer is achieved, and the effects of isolating supercooled water and blocking ice crystals by the air cushion layer are further achieved.
3. The isolation pipe device is simple and universal, good in blocking effect, low in cost, good in stability and applicable to various refrigeration systems. And the original refrigeration system does not need to be modified, such as polishing and hydrophobic coating treatment, and the structure and the connection relation of the original refrigeration system are not influenced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of an anti-propagation tube.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments. In fig. 1, clean water is circulated by a water pump (not shown), flows out of an ice bank (not shown), and enters a supercooled water heat exchanger 4 via a cold water inlet pipe 5. In the supercooled water heat exchanger, the clean water is cooled to-2 ℃ (0 ℃ below the freezing point temperature) by low-temperature refrigerants from a refrigeration system (not shown) to form supercooled water, and then the supercooled water is discharged out of the supercooled water heat exchanger 4 through a cold water outlet pipe 6. The supercooled water flows through the propagation preventing pipe 1 and enters the crystal promotion device; specifically, the gas flows in from the propagation prevention pipe inlet 107, flows through the supercooled water flow passage 104 of the propagation prevention pipe 1, flows out from the propagation prevention pipe outlet 108, and flows into the crystal growth promoter 3 from the crystal growth promoter inlet pipe 7. The crystal growth promoting device (not shown) for promoting the phase change of the supercooled water to ice is arranged in the crystal growth promoting device 3, and the crystal growth promoting device can be set as an ultrasonic crystal growth promoting device. Under the action of ultrasonic wave crystal promotion, the supercooled water at-2 ℃ is rapidly converted into ice slurry in the ice slurry detention cavity 301 at the lower part of the crystal promotion device 3, and the temperature is recovered to 0 ℃. The generated ice slurry leaves the crystal actuator 3 through the crystal actuator ice slurry outlet pipe 9 and returns to the ice storage tank for storage. In the ice storage tank, ice and water are naturally layered due to density difference, water in the ice storage tank is continuously sent to the water inlet pipe 5 through the water pump, so that the preparation process of the supercooled water and ice slurry is repeatedly and circularly performed, and finally more and more water in the ice storage tank is gradually prepared into ice.
In fig. 2, a propagation preventing pipe 1 is connected in series between the supercooled water heat exchanger 4 and the crystal growth promoting device 3, that is, the supercooled water outlet pipe 6 is connected to a propagation preventing pipe inlet 107, and the crystal growth promoting device inlet pipe 7 is connected to a propagation preventing pipe outlet 108. The blower 2 is connected in series between the gas separation cavity 302 of the crystal actuator 3 and the gas chamber 102 of the propagation preventing pipe 1, namely, the outlet 8 of the gas separation cavity is connected with the inlet of the blower 2, and the inlet 106 of the gas chamber of the propagation preventing pipe 1 is connected with the outlet of the blower 2. A valve is arranged on a connecting pipe of the gas separation cavity 8 and the blower 2.
When the supercooled water flows through the supercooled water flow passage 104 of the propagation preventing pipe 1, air having a certain pressure is sent into the air chamber 102 of the propagation preventing pipe 1 by the blower 2. This air enters the inside supercooled water flow passage 104 of the perforated inner tube 103 along a large number of fine through holes 105 which are densely provided on the surface of the perforated inner tube 103 under the blower pressure, and forms a uniform air cushion layer in the vicinity of the inner wall surface of the perforated inner tube 103. The air in the air cushion layer is quickly mixed with the supercooled water in the supercooled water flow passage 104 and flows away, but because of the continuous operation of the blower 2, the air is continuously replenished into the air cushion layer, and thus the air cushion layer is always present in a dynamic state. Due to the existence of the air cushion layer, an isolation layer is formed between the supercooled water and the inner wall surface of the supercooled water flow channel 104, and the air cushion has a very smooth hydrodynamic effect. Therefore, ice crystals propagating from the downstream cannot be attached to the wall surface of the pipe due to the existence of the air cushion, the ice crystals lose roots in propagation, and are effectively blocked near the propagation-preventing pipe 1 under the flushing of the flow velocity of the supercooled water, so that the continuous and stable operation condition of the cold water heat exchanger passing upstream of the ice crystals is ensured.
On the other hand, the air entering the supercooled water flow passage 104 from the through hole 105 is finally mixed and entrained into the crystal growth promoter 3, most of the air quickly floats upwards and gathers in the gas separation cavity 302 at the upper part of the crystal growth promoter 3 due to the great difference of gas and liquid densities, and a small part of the air is entrained by the ice slurry and flows out from the ice slurry outlet pipe 9 of the crystal growth promoter. The air collected in the gas separation chamber 302 is further pressurized into the plenum 102 through the gas separation chamber outlet 8 under the suction of the blower, and the process is repeated.
Since a small portion of the total amount of the circulating air is always entrained by the ice slurry and leaves the system, the amount of the circulating air stored in the system is reduced, and therefore the amount of the circulating air stored in the system is detected by the level sensor 11 disposed near the interface between the ice slurry retention chamber 301 and the gas separation chamber 302 in the crystal growth promoter 3 (i.e., near the water level therein). When the circulating air reserve decreases, the liquid level detected by the above-mentioned level sensor 11 will rise. When the storage of the circulating air is reduced to a set lower limit value, the air compensating valve 10 is opened to supplement necessary air into the system; when the circulating air storage amount is replenished to the set target value, the aeration valve 10 is closed.
As a preferred scheme, the blower can be a variable frequency blower, so that the circulating air quantity can be accurately controlled by adjusting the operating frequency of the blower, the ice crystal propagation can be properly blocked by the propagation preventing pipe 1, the purpose of blocking the ice crystal propagation is achieved, and the energy consumption of the blower is lowest.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various other modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the basic technical concept of the present invention by the common technical knowledge and conventional means in the field according to the above content of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water comprises a spreading prevention pipe, a crystal promotion device, an air blower and a pipeline, and is characterized in that the spreading prevention pipe comprises a spreading prevention pipe inlet, a spreading prevention pipe outlet and a cold water flow channel, wherein the periphery of the cold water flow channel is provided with a shell, the shell is provided with a structure connected with an external air source, an air chamber is formed between the periphery of the cold water flow channel and the shell, the wall of an inner pipe of the cold water flow channel is provided with a communication structure, and the communication structure enables the inner periphery of the cold water flow channel to form an air cushion layer; an outlet of the propagation preventing pipe is connected with an inlet pipe of the crystal promoting device through a pipeline, an outlet of the crystal promoting device is connected with a blower through a pipeline, and the blower is used as an external air source and connected with the propagation preventing pipe;
the crystal growth promoting device comprises an ice slurry detention cavity and a gas separation cavity, the ice slurry detention cavity is communicated with the gas separation cavity, the ice slurry detention cavity is arranged at the lower part of the crystal growth promoting device, and the shape of the ice slurry detention cavity is a cylindrical space; the gas separation cavity is arranged at the upper part of the crystal promotion device and is in a shape of a revolving body container with a conical top; the outlet of the crystal promotion device is an outlet of the gas separation cavity and is arranged at the top of the gas separation cavity;
the communicating structure is through holes which are uniformly and densely arranged on the pipe wall of the inner pipe of the cold water flow passage; the structure connected with an external air source is arranged as an air chamber inlet;
an air supply valve is arranged on a connecting pipe of the air separation cavity and the blower;
and air enters the inner supercooled water flow channel of the perforated inner pipe along a large number of dense and fine through holes on the surface of the perforated inner pipe under the action of the pressure of the air blower.
2. An apparatus for preventing ice crystal propagation in super-cooled water as claimed in claim 1 wherein ultrasonic wave crystal growth promoting means is provided in said crystal growth promoter.
3. The apparatus for preventing ice crystal from propagating in supercooled water as claimed in claim 2, wherein a level sensor is further provided in said crystal actuator for detecting the rise and fall of the liquid level in said crystal actuator.
4. A refrigeration system comprising the device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water of claim 3, further comprising an ice storage tank, a water pump and a supercooled water heat exchanger, wherein the ice storage tank is connected to a cold water inlet pipe of the supercooled water heat exchanger, and a cold water outlet pipe of the supercooled water heat exchanger is connected to an inlet of a spreading prevention pipe; the water pump is connected with the ice storage tank and used for driving water in the ice storage tank to flow into the supercooled water heat exchanger.
5. A method of dynamically making ice using the refrigeration system of claim 4 wherein the water pump is activated to drive the water in the ice storage tank through the cold water heat exchanger and into the propagation-resistant tube; starting an air blower, and controlling the air flow and the air pressure of the air blower to enable the air to form a closed air cushion at the inner periphery and the outer periphery of the propagation preventing pipe; water flows into the crystal promoting device through the propagation preventing pipe, and an ultrasonic crystal promoting device of the crystal promoting device is started to prepare ice slurry from the supercooled water; starting a liquid level sensor in the crystal promotion device to monitor the liquid level condition in real time; if the liquid level drops to the interface and the reserve volume of the circulating air is reduced to a set lower limit value, the air supplementing valve is opened to supplement necessary air into the system; when the circulating air storage quantity is supplemented to the set target value, the air supplementing valve is closed.
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| CN201710250123.4A CN106895624B (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2017-04-17 | Device for preventing ice crystals from spreading in supercooled water flow and ice making method |
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| CN108180683B (en) * | 2018-01-08 | 2019-01-15 | 深圳市伟力低碳股份有限公司 | Subcooled water ice machine |
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| US4252549A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-02-24 | Suntech, Inc. | Crystallization via porous tube heat transfer |
| WO2006033141A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-30 | Takasago Thermal Engineering Co., Ltd. | Freezing detection method for ice making apparatus and ice making apparatus |
| CN100416189C (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2008-09-03 | 高砂热学工业株式会社 | Ice making method and device |
| CN201181142Y (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-01-14 | 东南大学 | Double-layer evaporation type apparatus for preparing fluid state ice by supercooled water |
| CN103486786A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 广州鑫誉蓄能科技有限公司 | Anti-ice crystal spreading device |
| CN206648367U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-11-17 | 广州高菱机电工程有限公司 | A kind of device for preventing ice crystal from being propagated in subcooled water flowing |
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2017
- 2017-04-17 CN CN201710250123.4A patent/CN106895624B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4252549A (en) * | 1979-05-31 | 1981-02-24 | Suntech, Inc. | Crystallization via porous tube heat transfer |
| CN100416189C (en) * | 2001-09-28 | 2008-09-03 | 高砂热学工业株式会社 | Ice making method and device |
| WO2006033141A1 (en) * | 2004-09-22 | 2006-03-30 | Takasago Thermal Engineering Co., Ltd. | Freezing detection method for ice making apparatus and ice making apparatus |
| CN201181142Y (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2009-01-14 | 东南大学 | Double-layer evaporation type apparatus for preparing fluid state ice by supercooled water |
| CN103486786A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 广州鑫誉蓄能科技有限公司 | Anti-ice crystal spreading device |
| CN206648367U (en) * | 2017-04-17 | 2017-11-17 | 广州高菱机电工程有限公司 | A kind of device for preventing ice crystal from being propagated in subcooled water flowing |
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