CN106893420A - 贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料 - Google Patents

贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料 Download PDF

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CN106893420A
CN106893420A CN201710163755.7A CN201710163755A CN106893420A CN 106893420 A CN106893420 A CN 106893420A CN 201710163755 A CN201710163755 A CN 201710163755A CN 106893420 A CN106893420 A CN 106893420A
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成钢
成进学
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Nantong Snakes Treating Institute
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，是属于现代的纳米环保涂料生产配制技术领域。由所述江河海贝壳粉废碱渣海浮石抗菌滤毒释放元素负离子环保涂料，熟贝壳粉甲壳素苍术菊花保健安神醒脑，生贝壳电气石海藻炭除甲醛杀菌抗病毒净化空气，虾蟹昆虫贝壳海泡石棉绒高明亮隔热抗电磁波保温，生牡蛎壳粉铜铁钼废渣释放元素负离子杀菌灭螨，文蛤螺蛳贝壳粉壳聚糖富硒锗灵芝硅藻土吸附游离甲醛苯净化空气环保涂料组成。贝壳、甲壳素、壳聚糖均是自然界唯一带正电荷的物质，能有效吸附空气中带有负电荷的细菌、病毒、有毒有害物质气体重金属、雾霾，释放元素负离子促进人体健康益寿的环保涂料。

Description

贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料
技术领域：
本发明公开了一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，是属于现代纳米环保涂料配制技术领域。
背景技术：
科学技术的不断进步，带来了人类的文明和进步，带来了社会物质财富和经济的发展，给人们的生活带来了便利和生活条件的巨大变化。但是，也给人们带来了一系列生存危机，大气臭氧层的不断破坏和臭氧层空洞的出现，使人们认识到紫外线已成为人体肌肤疾病的元凶；自然生态环境的破坏和空气污染在形成各种严重自然灾害的同时，也带来各类新型的细菌和病毒，SARS、禽流感这些可怕的名字曾经一度让人们的生活受到伤害；生活环境中的室内装潢粉刷有毒有害甲醛等气体，已经让无数人终生残疾，甚至失去了宝贵的生命。电磁波的污染已经导致若干新生儿畸形的惨剧。因此，近几年来，人们越来越关注人类赖以生存的最基本问题-生态和健康的内涵、生态标准的应用原则和意义，远红外线、抗紫外线、抗静电、抗电磁波污染、抗菌、抗病毒、空气负离子、释放微量元素促进人体元素平衡健康益寿。有效地防止各种污染性病毒污染及与人类健康相关的功能性环保涂料开发应用，也成为人们广泛关注的热点问题，特别是现代的先进的纳米技术，元素医学生态环保，回归自然的有机结合应用，使功能能性纳米环保涂料在研究和应用方面得到了飞跃式的发展。
发明内容：
本发明的目的在于提供一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料。
其技术解决方案是：
1、一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述江河海贝壳粉废碱渣海浮石抗菌滤毒释放元素负离子环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
制备方法：
(1)将贝壳高温煅烧球磨制成纳米粉与碱渣氧化锌晶须润湿分散剂、消泡剂、二氧化钛、高岭土、轻质碳酸钙、801胶水、甲基硅油、白硅酸盐、纳米硅基氧化物、防霉剂、立德粉、硅酸铝、明胶、乙基纤维素、乙二醇、成膜硫化机等纳米二氧化钛等放进转速为1500～2000r/min的高速分散机中，分散时间为40～60min。
(2)将经过步骤(1)获得的产物通过研磨机研磨。
(3)将研磨后得到的产物加入搅拌机，在200～400r/min的搅拌速度下缓慢加入上述成分中的丙烯酸乳液、成膜助剂、增稠剂、流平剂、防霉剂，进行搅拌混合。
(4)将经步骤(3)得到的产物过筛，即得成品。
贝壳粉、甲壳素和壳聚糖是从江海河的虾、蟹、昆虫的外壳及菌类、藻类的细胞中提炼出来的一种天然生物高聚物，是地球上存量及其丰富的一种自然资源；也是自然界中迄今为止被发现唯一带正电荷的天然含氮多糖高聚物。甲壳素属于多糖，经浓碱处理后，可脱去其中的乙酰基。当甲壳素结构式中的N-乙酰基被脱去55％以上时，则成为可溶液性甲壳素，最重要的明显的形态学变化，革兰氏明性菌-如大肠杆菌的细菌细胞质浓缩，空隙明显扩大，可见壳聚糖影响了细菌细胞的生长，壳聚糖对根霉、枯草芽孢杆菌、白色念珠菌、假单胞菌、嗜热脂肪液胞杆菌、大肠杆菌、毛霉、金黄色葡萄球菌、沙门氏菌、副溶血孤菌、假单胞菌、肠链杆菌等多种细菌有很好的抑制效果，而且它的生物相溶好又不会对环境产生污染，它不属于化学制品。作为涂料中的填料作用，对人畜都是安全可靠的，不会产生任何毒副作用。本品用于内墙装饰，具有强效杀菌抗菌抗病毒释放元素负离子促进人体内元素平衡健康益寿。
本涂料具有以下优点：
(1)净化污染物的范围广，对环境中的甲醛、NO、SO2以及室内建材、家具和电气散发的有害气体和有机物以及细菌、霉菌等都可以有效的消除或杀灭，具有生态意义。
(2)作用条件简单，只要有太阳光或照明阳光，纳米材料即可被催化，发挥抗菌净化作用。
(3)有较强的再生能力，在常温常压下，用水淋洗，将氧化生成的产物淋洗掉，即可恢复活性。
2、一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述熟贝壳粉甲壳素苍术菊花保健安神醒脑环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
其中(1)杀菌防霉防腐醒脑明目助阳纳米涂料，按下列质量份配比组成
制备方法：将颜料、填料、和中药提取液在高速分散机中先用预分散，再将乳液和各种助剂依次加入已充分分散的涂浆中，再分散，用氨水将pH值调至7左右，经过预分散调制后即完成了制备全过程，成品可包装入库。
(2)中药提取液，按下列质量份配比组成
制备方法
①选备材料：按组分名称及相应含量选备各种材料无毒副现象，无杂质。
②制粉：将选备好的各种材料混合粉碎，制成粉末，并使该粉末的粒度达到100～120目。然后加水至沸半小时过滤取液即为中药提取液。
本涂料中释放出来的药物分子中贝壳粉甲壳素是天然抗菌杀菌剂麦饭石纳米粉中含有多种可使人体吸收利用的微量元素废锰铁渣中含有MnO氧化锰，FeO氧化铁，MgO氧化镁，SiO2二氧化硫，CaO氧化钙，Al2O3桑氧化二铝具有均匀的二维孔道结构使抗菌金属离子及有毒有害物质发生金属离子交换的作用，茉莉花具有理顺气机，顺气活血肌肤润泽体肤益的作用，木樨花，无花果，香榧子，甘草有效分子散发于空间经人体吸收能使人体肌肤红润白皙，体蕴馨香，体散天香，健体香身的作用，本涂料中菊花公丁香艾叶苍术桑叶薄荷释放出的药物气化能量具有醒脑安神、清心明目、通络化瘀、补肾助阳之功效，该药物气体对高血压，脑供血不足、耳鸣、失眠多梦、脑血栓后遗症等疾病均有较好治疗。所以本涂料不仅无毒无害、而且还具有人体保健治疗功能。
3、一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生贝壳电气石海藻炭除甲醛杀菌抗病毒净化空气环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
制备方法：将上述原料在容器内搅拌均匀，经混合研磨调配成涂料。
所述的电气石为富含硼的硅酸盐既能自发不断产生净化空气的负离子麦饭石能溶于促进人体元素平衡身体健康，本品用于内墙涂料可释放微量元素负离子净化空气除甲醛抗菌杀菌抗病毒，成膜组分为纯丙乳液、苯丙乳液、乙丙乳液中的一种或几种混合液；颜料为钛白粉、碳酸钙、生贝壳粉，电气石、麦饭石，高炉渣粉内含二氧化钛，氧化锌，镁，钛，铜和群青中的一种或几种的混合物。
其中二氧化钛TiO2经光照射后、对人类无害成为最受关注的一种光催化型抗菌剂。TiO2经光照射后，原有的缚态电子一空穴对变为激发态电子、空穴向晶粒表面扩散，电子、空穴达到表面的数量多，则光催化效率高，反应活性大，抗菌效果好。因此，粒子越小，电子、空穴在离子内复合概率越小，达到表面时间越快，光催化效率越高。目前综合应用效果最好的是100nm左右的纳米二氧化钛TiO2。
4、一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述虾蟹昆虫贝壳海泡石棉绒高明亮隔热抗电磁波保温环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
制备方法：将上述各原料混合均匀后即制成成品。
本品可涂覆于化工、冶金、建筑、石油等介质温度为-40～700℃任何形状、尺寸的设备用于保温；在使用时，先用适量的自来水浸泡1～2h，搅拌均匀，用涂法施工即可。本产品用作内墙涂料，是一种高强明亮内墙涂料。
产品特性：用本产品涂刷内墙壁，具有硬度高、耐水擦洗、储存期长、白度高、抗泛黄性能好的优点，其经96h浸泡试验，无脱落，起泡和皱皮，并且本产品施工难度低，干透后，光高如镜、坚硬如瓷、永不退色。
本品：
(1)生产工艺简单，操作简单，操作方便，制作不受季节限制，可生物降解、生物环保，且不污染环境，成品率可达100％；
(2)热导率小，保温隔热性能好，还具有防水性能，防电磁波污染，辐射有益于人体健康的远红外线及氧化铁CaO三氧化二铁Al2C有远红外辐射性杀菌。
5、一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生牡蛎壳粉铜铁钼废渣释放元素负离子杀菌克螨，按下列质量份配比组成％
制备方法：
(1)将水、分散剂、丙烯酸酯、溶剂(甲乙酮)颜料、蓖麻油酸钡、剂还要同时加入消泡剂，分散机转速为400～500r/min，分散5～10min；
(2)将钛白粉、填料；三仙石电气石矿石粉，生牡蛎壳粉含钼铜矿废渣粉和重质碳酸钙称重并加入分散釜中，并加入纤维素增稠剂，将PH值调节剂慢慢加入分散釜中，边加入原料变提高分散机转速，在1200～5000r/min的分散速度下，分散25～30min，边分散边测温度，控制温度不超过50℃；
(3)将上述浆料转入陶瓷锆珠砂磨机串联磨砂纸系度小于5μm；
(4)将上述研磨过的浆料转入分散釜，将其他原料按配方称重后，慢慢加入分散釜中，以400～500r/min的转速分散5～10min；
(5)检验、过滤、包装。
本涂料用作内墙装饰涂料。能保证纳米组分的充分分散，使之与乳液、助剂和颜料组分具有较好的相融性、稳定性，同时使用多种纳米组分，可大大提高涂料渗透、扩张的综合性能，特别是具有超强的耐洗耐刷性、耐候性和抗菌自洁等功能。三仙石、电气石能自发不断释放溶出人体必需的多种宏微量元素负离子成份、生牡蛎粉中的每1000g含锌1210mg及硒元素，尤其是锌元素含量高它是人体的生命之花，经人体呼吸吸收进入人体细胞内能直接调节200多种锌酶的活性作用，硒元素对人体80多种疾病有很好的治疗，预防和辅助治疗作用，还有对人体内的钼与铜、硫、钨、铝、有拮抗作用，与硒有协同作用。
6、一种贝壳废渣元素及负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述文蛤螺蛳贝壳粉壳聚糖富硒锗灵芝硅藻土吸附游离甲醛净化空气强身保健，按下列质量份配比组成％
制备方法：
光催化剂二氧化钛分散液的制备：先将颗粒二氧化钛加入一定量的聚羚酸盐高分子分散剂和水中，再加入反应器中，加入羚甲基纤维素或尿素，搅拌，加热至(50±2℃)，待羚甲基纤维素完全溶解后，加入壳聚糖粘胶纤维，富硒灵芝纳米粉高岭土贝壳粉稀土元素矿渣粉，硅藻土，高速搅拌(转速控制在1000r/min)，搅拌15min，加入粘结剂，搅拌速度控制在500r/min搅拌100min再加入钛白粉、轻质碳酸钙，搅拌均匀后，加入六偏磷酸钠。转入球磨机粘膜4h，砂磨分散时间最好为6～8h；所述的粘结剂为聚醋酸乙烯酯乳液、聚丙烯酸酯乳液或改性聚乙烯醇缩甲醛。
本品用于室内建筑装饰装修内墙装饰用涂料。
本发明与现有技术相比，本品利用了天然抗菌杀菌唯一带正电荷的壳聚糖黏胶纤维文蛤螺蛳贝壳粉，富硒灵芝粉有效治疗和预防人体80多种疾病的硒元素和稀土元素废渣粉内含CaO、SiO2、MnO2，TiO2，MgO，Al2O3高岭土，硅藻土有效的去除空气中的游离甲醛、苯、氨、VOC等有害物质优异性能，使得其可有效吸附室内空气中的甲醛和挥发性有机物，净化了室内空气，降低了室内空气污染对人体健康的威胁和危害，极大地改善了室内环境质量，科学的配方与何力的生产方法的结合，使得本技术还具有较强的粘结性和涂覆性，涂刷性好、涂层均匀、刚性好、强度高的特点。
贝壳粉是天然抗菌剂主要来自天然物质的提取物，还有甲壳素，壳聚糖均来自于天然贝壳、蟹壳、虾壳、鱼骨等动物壳体非常坚硬的部分，经脱去N乙醚基获得甲壳索、几丁质壳聚糖，脱乙酰甲壳索或甲壳胺。抗菌剂不属于化学制品，是从天然食物或植物中提取或直接使用的，在生产和使用过程中，对环境一般不产生污染，生物相容性好，因而受到青睐。而贝壳粉甲壳素壳聚糖均匀是一种带正电荷的天然含氨多糖高聚物也是地球上存量极为丰富的一种自然资源，也是自然界中迄今为止倍发现的唯一带正电荷的动物纤维素。由于其分子结构中带有不饱和的阳离子基因团，因而对带有负电荷的各类有害物质具有强大的呼吸作用。同样，它也能清除人体的垃圾，达到预防疾病、延年益寿的目的。
将江、河、海中的贝壳粉，甲壳素，壳聚糖等研细成纳米粉体微小粒子一般粒径0.1-2μm作为制作微胶囊中的囊芯，选择一些天然成分合成的高分子材料如成膜材料形成的包覆膜或用明胶，乙基纤维素纯天然高分子，无毒易生物降解的高分子材料作壁材，用相分离法，聚合反应法，和机械法制成微胶囊，固着在功能性纳米涂料中通过温度风力，阳光照射使胶束干裂，散发出一些功能性抗菌卫生保健元素，负离子类的纳米小分子类的物质，经人体呼吸进入血液循环全身达到内病外治之目的。
海浮石据其成因和成分分为二类，一类是火山玻璃和长石为主的大海浮石：一类是方解石为主的小海浮石、及生物碳酸盐(贝壳、珊瑚)。二者化学结构有所不同，大海浮石为药材，小海浮石有毒副作用。
对碱渣组分进行了分析：含钙为31.44％，镁5.83％，镁5.83％，钾4.02％，钠0.78％，铝0.51％，铁0.33％，锰446mg/kg，可溶硅11.6mg/kg，锶123.9mg/kg，锌220.5mg/kg，铬87.8mg/kg，镍28.6mg/kg，铜8mg/kg，硼为220.5mg/kg，铅为11.2mg/kg，铍0.94mg/kg，镉2.91mg/kg，银＜0.1mg/kg，氯为2.87％PH＝11，从23项分析结果可知；碱渣中不仅含有氮、磷、钾，还含有钙、镁、氯、钠等常量元素，并含有铁、锌、锰、钛、钒、铬、镍、锶、硼、铍、铜、钴、硅等植物和人体都需要的微量元素，而有害元素铅含量小于地壳克拉克值13mg/kg。废锰铁渣含Mn，MnO，Fe，FeO，Co，MgO，Ni，SiO2，CaO，Al2O3，(NH4)2，SO4等。高炉渣含Cu，Fe，FeO，MgO，CaO，SiO2，Al2O3，S，P。硅铁渣含SiO2，Fe2O3，CaO，Al2O3。钼铜矿渣含，未经处理的钼渣含钼。铜矿渣含CU，B，ZN，MN，MO，FE，MGO。稀土元素矿渣含RxOy，CaO，SiO2，MnO2，TiU2，MgO，Al2O3，CaF2等。
现代人不管是看中医还是看西医，开药是中西医生给患者治病最主要的手段，这是共性。中医开的是中草药或中成药，西药多用胶囊、丸剂和片剂，形态虽然各不相同，但中药和西药通过药疗能治好疾病的实质是补充和调节病人体内元素的平衡，抓住这个本质就能把中医和西医两个完全不同的医学体系统一起来。
本发明通过涂料缓缓不断地释放有益微量元素负离子经人体呼吸吸收达到人体内元素平衡健康益寿元素平衡保健医学的理论精髓，就是利用环保涂料释放微量元素负离子的功能未达到，调节，补充，拮抗人体内元素平衡从而有效的防治疾病保健强身之目的，本发明试图用平衡保健理论来达到中医治未病，又能达到西医内病外治的实质，然后从理论上把中西结合起来。在临床医疗上，不管是中草药治本，还是用西药治标，中药西药内的药疗实质都是补充和调节人体内元素平衡为目的，才能实现病体的康复。研制功能环保涂料，释放元素负离子达到治病健体之目的。是一种具有实质性，创造性的尝试。
高岭土是属于黏土类无机抗菌剂有很强的吸附和离子交换能力，可以有效吸附过滤空气有毒有害气体和雾霾微粒。氧化锌晶须ZnOw是一种安全，持久，广谱高效，抗菌杀菌剂，能有效杀灭空气中的细菌、病毒及致病微生物。
纳米二氧化钛TiO2是目前最常见的光催化型抗菌剂，尤其是锐钛型TiO2。该材料毒性低，对人体安全，对皮肤无刺激，抗菌能力强，抗菌谱广，具有即效抗菌效果，如银系抗菌剂的效果发挥需要24h左右，TiO2抗菌作用发挥仅需1h左右。TiO2抗菌作用的发挥是通过催化作进行的，本身并不像其他抗菌剂会随着抗菌剂使用逐渐消耗而效果慢慢下降，所以光催化型抗菌剂具有持久地抗菌性能。光催化型抗菌剂是一种无毒、无特殊气味、无刺激性，本身为白色，而且颜色稳定性好，高温下不变色，不分解，价格低廉，资源丰富，因此光催化型抗菌剂也成为抗菌材料研究开发应用的热课题之一。
“载银纳米二氧化钛(AT)抗菌剂”的应用原理是：在纳米TiO2中载银，将阴离子嵌入TiO2晶格，构成TiO2和惰性银为电极的短路微电池，TiO2电极所产生的空穴将细菌和有机物氧化，而银离子是电子的有效接受体将氧化态组分还原，从而降低空穴和电子的复合，显著提高TiO2的光催化反应效率。另一方面，银离子可在TiO2晶格中稳定存在，可实现使用过程中银的缓释，同时也增强了光催化剂在光线暗处的抗菌性。具有良好的安全性、持久性、抗菌性、耐热性、耐酸性、耐碱性的银基系列纳米抗菌剂——“AT纳米抗菌剂。”
经国家权威机构检测对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌这两种在生活中严重威胁人类健康的病菌杀灭率高达99.99％。将其添加于涂料之中制备抗菌涂料，不仅可防止涂层表面长霉，也可分解甲醛而净化室内空气。该抗菌材料也可调制成浆料，然后将浆料涂于陶瓷胚表面，再经煅烧而制得抗菌陶瓷。该抗菌材料可与化纤复合纺丝制作卫生纤维，并同时作为聚酯等纤维的消化剂。
下面结合实施例对本发明进一步说明
具体实施方法：
实施例1：一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述江河海贝壳粉碱渣海浮石抗菌滤毒释放元素负离子环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
实施例2：一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述熟贝壳粉甲壳素苍术菊花保健安神醒脑环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
其中(1)杀菌防霉防腐醒脑明目助阳纳米涂料，按下列质量份配比组成
(2)中药提取液，按下列质量份配比组成
实施例3：一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生贝壳电气石海藻炭除甲醛杀菌抗病毒净化空气环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
实施例4：一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述虾蟹昆虫贝壳海泡石棉绒高明亮隔热抗电磁波保温环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
实施例5：一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生牡蛎壳粉铜铁钼废渣释放元素负离子杀菌克螨，按下列质量份配比组成％
实施例6：一种贝壳废渣元素及负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述文蛤螺蛳贝壳粉壳聚糖富硒锗灵芝硅藻土吸附游离甲醛净化空气强身保健，按下列质量份配比组成％

Claims (6)

1.一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述江河海贝壳粉废碱渣海浮石抗菌滤毒释放元素负离子环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
2.一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述熟贝壳粉甲壳素苍术菊花保健安神醒脑环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
其中(1)杀菌防霉防腐醒脑明目助阳纳米涂料，按下列质量份配比组成
(2)中药提取液，按下列质量份配比组成
3.一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生贝壳电气石海藻炭除甲醛杀菌抗病毒净化空气环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
4.一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述虾蟹昆虫贝壳海泡石棉绒高明亮隔热抗电磁波保温环保涂料，按下列质量份配比组成％
5.一种贝壳废渣元素负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述生牡蛎壳粉铜铁钼废渣释放元素负离子杀菌克螨，按下列质量份配比组成％
6.一种贝壳废渣元素及负离子功能性纳米环保涂料，其特征是：所述文蛤螺蛳贝壳粉壳聚糖富硒锗灵芝硅藻土吸附游离甲醛净化空气强身保健，按下列质量份配比组成％
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