CN106893147A - A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material and its production and use - Google Patents
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material and its production and use Download PDFInfo
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- CN106893147A CN106893147A CN201710145869.9A CN201710145869A CN106893147A CN 106893147 A CN106893147 A CN 106893147A CN 201710145869 A CN201710145869 A CN 201710145869A CN 106893147 A CN106893147 A CN 106893147A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L1/00—Compositions of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08L1/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/08—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing carbon dioxide
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/102—Azo-compounds
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/06—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
- C08J9/10—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent developing nitrogen, the blowing agent being a compound containing a nitrogen-to-nitrogen bond
- C08J9/104—Hydrazines; Hydrazides; Semicarbazides; Semicarbazones; Hydrazones; Derivatives thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2203/00—Foams characterized by the expanding agent
- C08J2203/20—Ternary blends of expanding agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2205/00—Foams characterised by their properties
- C08J2205/04—Foams characterised by their properties characterised by the foam pores
- C08J2205/05—Open cells, i.e. more than 50% of the pores are open
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2301/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2301/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2401/00—Characterised by the use of cellulose, modified cellulose or cellulose derivatives
- C08J2401/02—Cellulose; Modified cellulose
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/14—Applications used for foams
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
- C08L2205/025—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
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- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material and its production and use, the raw material components of the corn cob fiber element expanded material include：Corn cob fiber element and the plain solution of reinforcing fiber, foaming agent and pore former.The preparation method of the corn cob fiber element expanded material comprises the following steps：(1) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, obtains compound；(2) mould is injected a mixture into, foaming obtains article shaped；(3) article shaped is washed, is dried, obtain the corn cob fiber element expanded material.The corn cob fiber element expanded material possesses the functions such as buffering, shock-absorbing, insulation, filtering, and its elasticity is prominent, can be widely applied to the industries such as furniture, automobile, packaging；In addition, its non-toxic degradable, will not produce murder by poisoning to soil or air；Preparation method is simple, can large-scale use, be conducive to rural economic development.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to expanded material technical field, be related to a kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material and preparation method thereof and
Purposes.
Background technology
It is currently on the market polyurethane using the main component of the packing material of sofa furniture, pillow, cushion etc..But,
Polyurethane foam is all combustibles, once burning will produce the gas containing hypertoxic hydrogen cyanide, if people's suction flatly will
It is poisoned to death.After polyurethanes product exceedes service life, its performance can significantly decline and scrap, and these waste materials are just necessary
Recycled, thus increased cost, certain pollution can be also caused to environment.
Cellulose as reserves on the earth are most abundant, reproducible biomass resource, with good biocompatibility, easy drop
Solution, the advantage of easy derivatization, will turn into one of primary raw material of following Chemical Manufacture.Cellulose expanded material has nontoxic, ring
Guarantor, biodegradable advantage, can be widely applied to the industries such as furniture, automobile and packaging.
The A of CN 106084279 disclose a kind of preparation method of cellulose base biodegradable expanded material, and it includes
Following steps：Step one：Prepare string dispersion；Step 2：Fiber original micronization processes；Step 3：By former micronization processes
String treatment afterwards obtains finely dispersed pulp suspension；Step 4：To foaming agent is added in pulp suspension, process
Obtain uniform foam/fiber dispersion system；Step 5：Foam/fiber dispersion is taken, is placed in foam-formed device, realized
The shaping of plant fiber foam material；Step 6：Plant fiber foam material to forming is dried treatment, obtains fiber
Plain radical biological degradable type expanded material.The expanded material can be used to replace oil based polyalcohol to prepare environment-friendly type expanded material.
The string used in the preparation method includes lumber fibre, non-wood-fiber or half lumber fibre.But, what it was obtained
It is also poor that cellulose expanded material is used for packing material performance.
Therefore, this area also needs to further research, the foaming to prepare the better performances with cellulose as raw material
Material.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material and
Preparation Method And The Use, the better performances of the corn cob fiber element expanded material, with nontoxic, environmentally friendly, biodegradable
Advantage, can be widely applied to the industries such as furniture, automobile and packaging, substitute polyurethane filler material；In addition, corn cob fiber is plain
Utilization be conducive to rural economic development.
It is that, up to this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme：
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, the corn cob fiber element foaming
The raw material components of material include：Corn cob fiber element and the plain solution of reinforcing fiber, foaming agent and pore former.
The corn cob fiber element expanded material that the present invention is provided substitutes existing fibre on raw material composition with corn cob fiber element
Raw material lumber fibre, non-wood-fiber or half lumber fibre of plain expanded material etc. are tieed up, the synthesis of expanded material is substantially increased
Performance, especially elasticity are significantly improved, and gained expanded material can be used to substitute polyurethane filler material.
The cellulose expanded material intensity of preparation is good, and stomata enriches, and has good buffering, shock-absorbing, insulation, strainability,
And with nontoxic, biodegradable significant advantage.
Corn cob fiber element has porous (as shown in Figure 1-2), the dissolving of cellulose is not only advantageous to, while can also drop
Low solution temperature, that is, reduce energy consumption；Further, since target expanded material also be loose structure, corn cob fiber element it is porous
Structure also increases the porous of expanded material, is conducive to increasing the elasticity of foaming body.
The gross mass of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element in the solution of the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Percentage composition is 1%-15%；Such as 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%,
14% or 15% etc.；Preferably 5-15%, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or
15% etc.；More preferably 5-10%, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10%.
Preferably, the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is by by corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber
Element is prepared in being dissolved in solvent.
Preferably, the solvent is selected from ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N- oxides or NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems,
Preferably ionic liquid.As long as the solvent can be by corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element dissolving, without specifically limited.
Preferably, the ionic liquid is selected from 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid, 1- pi-allyl -3- methyl
One kind in imidazoles chloride salt ions liquid and 1- ethyl -3- methyl-imidazoles acetate ionic liquids.
Preferably, the temperature of the dissolving be 60-150 DEG C, such as 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 85 DEG C, 90 DEG C, 95 DEG C,
100 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 110 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 125 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 135 DEG C, 140 DEG C or 145 DEG C etc..Under equal conditions,
Solution temperature reduction 5-10 DEG C of the corn cob fiber element than other celluloses.
Preferably, it is stirred in the course of dissolution, to accelerate rate of dissolution.
Preferably, the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element are crushed and dried before dissolving, therein to remove
Moisture.
Preferably, after crushing corn cob fiber element and the particle diameter of reinforcing fiber element independently≤0.1 μm, such as 0.1 μm,
0.08 μm, 0.05 μm, 0.03 μm or 0.01 μm etc..The particle diameter of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is smaller, is more conducive to it
Dissolving in a solvent.
The reinforcing fiber element is selected from any one in flax, absorbent cotton or nano-cellulose or at least two group
Close.Typical but non-limiting combination such as flax and absorbent cotton, flax and nano-cellulose, flax, absorbent cotton and nanofiber
Element.The use of the reinforcing fiber element is conducive to improving the intensity of expanded material.
Preferably, the quality of reinforcing fiber element is the 10-80% of corn cob fiber quality amount, such as 10%, 15%,
20%th, 25%, 30%, 35%, 42%, 48%, 51%, 55%, 58%, 62%, 68%, 70% or 75%, 80% etc., preferably
It is 40-60%, more preferably 50%.
The foaming agent is selected from any one in unifor, diethyl azodiformate or sodium acid carbonate or extremely
Few two kinds combination.Typical but non-limiting combination such as unifor and diethyl azodiformate, tolysulfonyl
Hydrazine and sodium acid carbonate, toluene sulfonyl hydrazide, diethyl azodiformate and sodium acid carbonate.
Preferably, the quality of the foaming agent is the 1-10% of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element,
Such as 1%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 3.1%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.2%, 4.5% or 4.8%, 5%, 7%, 9%,
10% etc.；Preferably 1-6%, such as 1%, 2%, 2.2%, 2.5%, 2.8%, 3.1%, 3.5%, 3.8%, 4.2%, 4.5%,
4.8%th, 5%, 5.3%, 5.5% or 5.8% etc.；More preferably 4-6%, such as 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.5%, 4.8%,
5.1%th, 5.5% or 5.8% etc..
The pore former has no specifically limited, is to prepare the pore former used by expanded material in the prior art, such as optional
From in sodium chloride, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate any one or at least two combination.Typical but non-limiting combination such as chlorine
Change sodium and sodium carbonate, sodium chloride and sodium sulphate, sodium chloride, sodium carbonate and sodium sulphate.
Preferably, the quality of the pore former is 0.5-5 times of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element,
Such as 0.5 times, 1 times, 2 times, 2.2 times, 2.5 times, 2.8 times, 3.1 times, 3.4 times, 3.8 times, 3.9 times, 4 times or 5 times；Preferably 1-
4 times, such as 1 times, 2 times, 2.2 times, 2.5 times, 2.8 times, 3.1 times, 3.4 times, 3.8 times, 3.9 times or 4 times；More preferably 2-
4 times, such as 2 times, 2.2 times, 2.5 times, 2.8 times, 3.1 times, 3.4 times, 3.8 times, 3.9 times or 4 times.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of corn cob fiber element expanded material as described above, institute
Preparation method is stated to comprise the following steps：
(1) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, is obtained
Compound；
(2) mould is injected a mixture into, foaming obtains article shaped；
(3) article shaped is washed, is dried, obtain the corn cob fiber element expanded material.
The preparation method operating procedure is simple, and production process does not chemically react, and small toxicity, energy consumption is small, and solvent can
Recycle, without remarkable advantages such as waste water and gas environmental pollutions.
The solution of step (1) corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is by by corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber
Element is obtained in being dissolved in solvent.
Preferably, the solvent is selected from ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N- oxides or NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems,
Preferably ionic liquid.
Preferably, the ionic liquid is 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid, 1- pi-allyl -3- methyl miaows
One kind in azoles chloride salt ions liquid and 1- ethyl -3- methyl-imidazoles acetate ionic liquids.
Preferably, the temperature of the dissolving be 60-150 DEG C, such as 60 DEG C, 65 DEG C, 70 DEG C, 75 DEG C, 80 DEG C, 85 DEG C, 90 DEG C,
95 DEG C, 100 DEG C, 105 DEG C, 110 DEG C, 115 DEG C, 120 DEG C, 125 DEG C, 130 DEG C, 135 DEG C, 140 DEG C, 145 DEG C or 150 DEG C etc..
Under equal conditions, solution temperature reduction 5-10 DEG C of the corn cob fiber element than other fibers.
Preferably, it is stirred in the course of dissolution, to accelerate the dissolving speed of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Rate.
Preferably, the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element are crushed and dried before dissolving, and are such as crushed to particle diameter
Dried again after≤0.1 μm, to remove moisture therein.
Step (2) described foaming includes：The compound is foamed under the decomposition temperature of foaming agent, is put into afterwards
It is molded in 0-10 DEG C of water, such as 0.5 DEG C, 1 DEG C, 2 DEG C, 3 DEG C, 4 DEG C, 5 DEG C, 6 DEG C, 7 DEG C, 8 DEG C or 9 DEG C.
Preferably, step (3) solvent for using that washs is deionized water.
Preferably, the temperature of step (3) described washing be 50-60 DEG C, such as 51 DEG C, 52 DEG C, 53 DEG C, 54 DEG C, 55 DEG C, 56
DEG C, 57 DEG C, 58 DEG C or 59 DEG C etc..Washed at this temperature, be conducive to quick by the solvent in raw material, pore former, residue
Foaming agent and foaming agent catabolite washing removal.
Preferably, step (3) described drying is natural air drying.
Used as preferred technical scheme, the preparation method of the corn cob fiber element expanded material comprises the following steps：
(1) the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element of formula ratio are crushed, is dissolved in ionic liquid after drying, obtained
The solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element；
(2) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element,
Obtain compound；
(3) mould is injected a mixture into, is foamed under the decomposition temperature of foaming agent, shaping in 0-10 DEG C of water is put into afterwards,
Obtain article shaped；
(4) use temperature to wash article shaped for 50-60 DEG C of deionized water, remove the cellulose paste solvent, into
Hole agent, remaining foaming agent and foaming agent catabolite, natural air drying, obtains the corn cob fiber element foaming material in atmosphere
Material.
The third object of the present invention is the purposes for providing corn cob fiber element expanded material as described above, and it is used for house
Tool, automobile or packaging field.Corn cob fiber element expanded material is used to make sofa, automobile cushion or packaging material as described
Deng.
Number range of the present invention not only includes the above-mentioned point value for enumerating, the also above-mentioned numerical value including not including
Arbitrary point value between scope, as space is limited and for concise consideration, no longer scope described in exclusive list of the invention includes
Specific point value.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
The apparent density of the corn cob fiber element expanded material that the present invention is provided is 20-40kg/m3, porosity is big, stomata
Abundant, compression rebound rate is high, and (compression rebound rate is compression ratio 50%, the compression rebound of compression time 72h to can reach 95%
Rate), intensity is good, and tearing toughness can reach 80N/mm, possesses the functions such as buffering, shock-absorbing, insulation, filtering, can be widely applied to
The industries such as furniture, automobile, packaging；
Corn cob fiber element expanded material non-toxic degradable prepared by the present invention, will not produce murder by poisoning to soil or air；
The corn cob fiber element expanded material that the present invention is provided is due to using corn cob fiber element, being conducive to rural economy to send out
Exhibition；
The preparation method of the corn cob fiber element expanded material that the present invention is provided is simple, can large-scale use.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the SEM figures that the corn cob fiber element multiplication factor for providing of the invention is 1000 times, and its length of the scale is 20 μ
m。
Fig. 2 is the SEM figures when corn cob fiber element multiplication factor that the present invention is provided is 5000 times, and its length of the scale is 10
μm。
Fig. 3 is the SEM figures when cotton fibre element multiplication factor that the present invention is provided is 1000 times, and its length of the scale is 20 μ
m。
Fig. 4 is the SEM figures when cotton fibre element multiplication factor that the present invention is provided is 5000 times, and its length of the scale is 10 μ
m。
Specific embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and by specific embodiment.
As Figure 1-4, it is that the corn cob fiber element for providing of the invention and cotton fibre are plain under different amplification
SEM schemes, it can be seen that corn cob fiber element is compared to cotton fibre element, surface has cavernous structure, in addition, other
Without abundant cavernous structure, do not listed one by one in accompanying drawing on non-Semen Maydis cellulose, such as lignin etc., surface.
Embodiment 1
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, the raw material components of the corn cob fiber element expanded material include：Corn
Core cellulose and the plain solution of reinforcing fiber, foaming agent and pore former；
The gross mass of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element in the solution of the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Percentage composition is 7%；The quality of the reinforcing fiber element is the 50% of corn cob fiber quality amount；The quality of the foaming agent is
The 4% of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element；The quality of the pore former is corn cob fiber element and enhancing
3 times of the solution quality of cellulose；
The reinforcing fiber element is selected from absorbent cotton；
The foaming agent is selected from unifor；
The pore former is selected from sodium sulphate.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned corn cob fiber element expanded material comprises the following steps：
(1) dried after corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element being crushed into particle diameter independently≤0.1 μm, to remove wherein
Moisture, afterwards, be dissolved under agitation in the solvent that temperature is 80 DEG C, obtain corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Solution；The solvent is selected from ionic liquid (1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid)；
(2) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, is obtained
Compound；
(3) mould is injected a mixture into, is foamed under the conditions of 90 DEG C, shaping in 0 DEG C of water is immediately placed in after the completion of foaming, obtained
To article shaped；
(4) use temperature to wash article shaped for 50 DEG C of deionized water, remove solvent, the pore-forming of the cellulose paste
Agent, remaining foaming agent and foaming agent catabolite, natural air drying, obtains the corn cob fiber element foaming material in atmosphere
Material.
The apparent density of corn cob fiber element expanded material is 31.4kg/m obtained in this embodiment3, stomata uniformly satisfies
Full, average pore size is larger, and between 100-400 μm, section is in cellular, and porosity reaches 97%, and intensity is good in most of aperture,
Water imbibition and moisture retention are preferable.
Embodiment 2
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the foaming agent unifor in embodiment 1 is replaced with into azo two
Formic acid diethylester, other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 3
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the reinforcing fiber absorbent cotton in embodiment 1 is replaced with into flax, other
Part is constant.
Embodiment 4
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the pore former sodium sulphate in embodiment 1 is replaced with into sodium chloride, other
Part is constant.
Embodiment 5
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the reinforcing fiber absorbent cotton in embodiment 1 replaced with into nano-cellulose,
Other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 6
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the reinforcing fiber absorbent cotton in embodiment 1 is replaced with into flax：Absorbent cotton
1:1, other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 7
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the reinforcing fiber absorbent cotton in embodiment 1 is replaced with into flax, degreasing
Cotton and nano-cellulose 1:1:3, other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 8
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the foaming agent p-methyl benzenesulfonic acid hydrazine in embodiment 1 is replaced with to toluene
Hydrazine sulphonate, diethyl azodiformate and sodium acid carbonate 1:1:1, other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 9
Compared with Example 1, differ only in, the pore former sodium sulphate in embodiment 1 is replaced with into sodium chloride, sodium carbonate
With sodium sulphate 2:2:1, other conditions are constant.
Embodiment 10
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except corn cob fiber in the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Total weight/mass percentage composition of element and reinforcing fiber element is that remaining is same as Example 1 outside 5%.
Embodiment 11
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except corn cob fiber in the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Total weight/mass percentage composition of element and reinforcing fiber element is that remaining is same as Example 1 outside 15%.
Embodiment 12
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except corn cob fiber in the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Total weight/mass percentage composition of element and reinforcing fiber element is that remaining is same as Example 1 outside 1%.
Embodiment 13
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except corn cob fiber in the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Total weight/mass percentage composition of element and reinforcing fiber element is that remaining is same as Example 1 outside 10%.
Embodiment 14
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of reinforcing fiber element is the 10% of corn cob fiber quality amount
Outward, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 15
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of reinforcing fiber element is the 80% of corn cob fiber quality amount
Outward, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 16
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of foaming agent is corn cob fiber element molten with reinforcing fiber element
Outside the 2% of liquid quality, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 17
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of foaming agent is corn cob fiber element molten with reinforcing fiber element
Outside the 6% of liquid quality, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 18
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of foaming agent is corn cob fiber element molten with reinforcing fiber element
Outside the 1% of liquid quality, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 19
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of foaming agent is corn cob fiber element molten with reinforcing fiber element
Outside the 10% of liquid quality, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 20
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of the pore former is corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
0.5 times of solution quality it is outer, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 21
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except the quality of the pore former is corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
5 times of solution quality it is outer, remaining is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 22
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, in addition to cellulose solvent replaces with N-methylmorpholine-N- oxides, its
It is remaining same as Example 1.
Embodiment 23
A kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, except cellulose solvent replaces with NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems；
Step (1) is：Dried after corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element are crushed into particle diameter independently≤0.1 μm, with
Moisture therein is removed, afterwards, is added into NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems, stir 1h, be subsequently placed in -10 DEG C of environment
In, 12h is freezed, rear naturally to thaw obtains the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element；
Remaining is same as Example 1.
The method energy consumption is higher, and condition is more harsh.
Comparative example 1
A kind of expanded material, it is plain except the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is replaced with into cotton-cellulose solutions
Outward, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of expanded material, except the solution of the plain and reinforcing fiber element by corn cob fiber replaces with lignocellulosic solution
Outward, remaining is same as Example 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of expanded material, except the solution of the plain and reinforcing fiber element by corn cob fiber replaces with corn cob fiber element solution
Outward, remaining is same as Example 1.
Above example and comparative example are specifically shown in table 1 below：
Table 1
Apparent density, porosity, compression rebound rate and the tear for determining product in the embodiment and comparative example in upper table 1 are strong
Degree, is specifically shown in table 2 below：
Table 2
In upper table 1, content of cellulose is：Corn cob fiber element and increasing in the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
The gross mass percentage composition of strong cellulose.
Reinforcing fiber element/corn cob fiber element：For the quality percentage that the quality of reinforcing fiber element accounts for corn cob fiber element contains
Amount.
Foaming agents content：The quality of foaming agent accounts for the quality percentage of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Content.
Porogen content：The quality of pore former accounts for the multiple of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element.
Compression rebound rate is compression ratio 50%, the compression rebound rate of compression time 72h.
Flexibility test：
Test condition：Compression ratio 50%, compression time 72h determines its compression rebound rate.
Be can be seen that by embodiment and comparative example：
1st, the formula of expanded material is different, and the performance of its expanded material for obtaining is different；
2nd, the raw material corn cob fiber element in expanded material is replaced with into other celluloses, obtained foaming material performance
Substantially reduce.
In addition, the 1- ethyls in embodiment -4-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid is replaced with into 1- pi-allyl -3- methyl miaows
Azoles chloride salt ions liquid, 1- ethyls -3- methyl-imidazoles acetate ionic liquid or it is other can dissolve corn cob fiber element and
The ionic liquid of reinforcing fiber element, performance and use 1- ethyls -4-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid of its expanded material for obtaining
Performance during body is similar.
Applicant states, the foregoing is only specific embodiment of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention not office
It is limited to this, person of ordinary skill in the field is it will be clearly understood that any belong to those skilled in the art and taken off in the present invention
In the technical scope of dew, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in, within the scope of all falling within protection scope of the present invention and disclosing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of corn cob fiber element expanded material, it is characterised in that the raw material components of the corn cob fiber element expanded material
Including：Corn cob fiber element and the plain solution of reinforcing fiber, foaming agent and pore former.
2. corn cob fiber according to claim 1 element expanded material, it is characterised in that the corn cob fiber element and increase
The gross mass percentage composition of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is 1%-15%, preferably 5- in the solution of strong cellulose
15%, more preferably 5-10%；
Preferably, the solution of the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element is by molten by corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element
Solution is prepared in solvent；
Preferably, the solvent is selected from ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N- oxides or NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems, preferably
It is ionic liquid；
Preferably, the ionic liquid is selected from 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid, 1- pi-allyl -3- methylimidazoles
One kind in chloride salt ions liquid and 1- ethyl -3- methyl-imidazoles acetate ionic liquids；
Preferably, the temperature of the dissolving is 60-150 DEG C；
Preferably, it is stirred in the course of dissolution；
Preferably, the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element are crushed and dried before dissolving；
Preferably, after crushing corn cob fiber element and the particle diameter of reinforcing fiber element are independently≤0.1 μm.
3. corn cob fiber according to claim 1 and 2 element expanded material, it is characterised in that the reinforcing fiber element choosing
From in flax, absorbent cotton or nano-cellulose any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the quality of the reinforcing fiber element is 10-80%, the preferably 40-60% of corn cob fiber quality amount, enters one
Step is preferably 50%.
4. according to the corn cob fiber element expanded material that one of claim 1-3 is described, it is characterised in that the foaming agent is selected from
In unifor, diethyl azodiformate or sodium acid carbonate any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the quality of the foaming agent is the 1-10% of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, preferably
It is 1-6%, more preferably 4-6%.
5. according to the corn cob fiber element expanded material that one of claim 1-4 is described, it is characterised in that the pore former is selected from
In sodium chloride, sodium carbonate or sodium sulphate any one or at least two combination；
Preferably, the quality of the pore former is 0.5-5 times of the solution quality of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, preferably
It is 1-4 times, more preferably 2-4 times.
6. according to the preparation method of one of claim 1-5 described corn cob fiber element expanded material, it is characterised in that described
Preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, is mixed
Material；
(2) mould is injected a mixture into, foaming obtains article shaped；
(3) article shaped is washed, is dried, obtain the corn cob fiber element expanded material.
7. preparation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step (1) the corn cob fiber element and enhancing are fine
The solution for tieing up element is obtained by the way that corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element are dissolved in solvent；
Preferably, the solvent is selected from ionic liquid, N-methylmorpholine-N- oxides or NaOH/ aqueous solution of urea systems, preferably
It is ionic liquid；
Preferably, the ionic liquid is 1- ethyl-3-methylimidazole chloride salt ions liquid, 1- pi-allyl -3- methylimidazole chlorine
One kind in ionic liquid and 1- ethyl -3- methyl-imidazoles acetate ionic liquids；
Preferably, the temperature of the dissolving is 60-150 DEG C；
Preferably, it is stirred in the course of dissolution；
Preferably, dried before the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element dissolving, removed moisture therein.
8. the preparation method according to claim 6 or 7, it is characterised in that step (2) described foaming includes：By institute
State compound to be foamed under the decomposition temperature of foaming agent, shaping in 0-10 DEG C of water is put into afterwards；
Preferably, step (3) solvent for using that washs is deionized water；
Preferably, the temperature of step (3) described washing is 50-60 DEG C；
Preferably, step (3) described drying is natural air drying.
9. according to the preparation method that one of claim 6-8 is described, it is characterised in that the preparation method comprises the following steps：
(1) the corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element of formula ratio are crushed, is dissolved in ionic liquid after drying, obtain corn
The solution of core cellulose and reinforcing fiber element；
(2) foaming agent and pore former of formula ratio are mixed with the solution of corn cob fiber element and reinforcing fiber element, is obtained
Compound；
(3) mould is injected a mixture into, is foamed under the decomposition temperature of foaming agent, shaping in 0-10 DEG C of water is put into afterwards, obtained
Article shaped；
(4) use temperature to wash article shaped for 50-60 DEG C of deionized water, remove the solvent of the cellulose paste, pore former,
Remaining foaming agent and foaming agent catabolite, natural air drying, obtains the corn cob fiber element expanded material in atmosphere.
10. according to one of claim 1-5 it is described corn cob fiber element expanded material purposes, its be used for furniture, automobile or
Packaging field.
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Application publication date: 20170627 |