CN106893135B - 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法 - Google Patents

一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106893135B
CN106893135B CN201710171528.9A CN201710171528A CN106893135B CN 106893135 B CN106893135 B CN 106893135B CN 201710171528 A CN201710171528 A CN 201710171528A CN 106893135 B CN106893135 B CN 106893135B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
foamed plastic
melamine foamed
polypropylene
melamine
oil absorption
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201710171528.9A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN106893135A (zh
Inventor
任强
戴天
金玄懿
刘一凡
乔长宇
李坚
汪称意
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Changzhou University
Original Assignee
Changzhou University
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Changzhou University filed Critical Changzhou University
Priority to CN201710171528.9A priority Critical patent/CN106893135B/zh
Publication of CN106893135A publication Critical patent/CN106893135A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106893135B publication Critical patent/CN106893135B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/36After-treatment
    • C08J9/40Impregnation
    • C08J9/42Impregnation with macromolecular compounds
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D17/00Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/0202Separation of non-miscible liquids by ab- or adsorption
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2361/20Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen
    • C08J2361/26Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds
    • C08J2361/28Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with only compounds containing hydrogen attached to nitrogen of aldehydes with heterocyclic compounds with melamine
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/04Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08J2423/06Polyethene
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2423/00Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2423/02Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
    • C08J2423/10Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
    • C08J2423/12Polypropene

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法,包括步骤:将聚丙烯或聚乙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯或二甲苯中,110℃加热回流溶解,得到聚丙烯或聚乙烯的甲苯或二甲苯溶液;在溶液中放入三聚氰胺泡沫,110℃加热回流15~60分钟,将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的溶液,置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重,得到改性三聚氰胺泡沫。本发明的有益效果是:选用内部孔隙度高的三聚氰胺泡沫作为基体,使改性后的吸油材料具有良好的保油能力;改性前无需对三聚氰胺泡沫进行预处理;改性后的三聚氰胺泡沫韧性有所提高,断裂伸长率变大,抗拉能力提高,便于回收再利用;泡沫改性过程原料成本低,工艺简单。

Description

一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于吸油材料和环境保护技术领域,涉及一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法。
背景技术
近年来,石油输送管道的破裂或运输轮船事故导致的石油外泄,生产和生活含油废水的排放引起的水资源污染问题越来越严重,给环境和生态系统带来了严重危害。这种油污染持续性强、扩散范围广、处置难、危害大,所以快速消除及回收泄露于环境中的有机化学物质,避免更大规模的污染是一个亟待解决的问题。
目前已有各种各样的措施用于油污染处理,主要有以下几种方法:通过石油烃类降解菌对海洋溢油和油渍进行降解;投加化学处理剂,如分散剂、集油剂、凝油剂等;使用围油栏把海洋表面的油污围起来,然后用吸油材料收集油污。在这些现有技术中,使用吸油材料从水中去除油类物质被认为是在油污处理中最有效的对策之一,它具有高效、经济、油品易回收等特点。如今广泛使用的吸油材料包括沸石、活性炭、有机黏土、稻草、羊毛、纤维和泡沫。
海上原油的处理需要吸油材料具有只吸油不吸水的能力。高分子泡沫具有丰富的三维孔隙,能够储存大量的油,但泡沫材料一般没有油水选择性,因此不能直接使用。通过一定的表面改性方法,可以让泡沫在保持较高吸油倍率的同时,具有油水选择性,只吸油不吸水。
三聚氰胺泡沫是一种典型的开孔高分子泡沫材料,吸收能力强,但既吸油,也吸水。同时泡沫较脆,在使用过程中容易破裂,粉化。对其进行表面改性,使其只吸油,不吸水,改善其脆性,增强泡沫的韧性一直是优化三聚氰胺泡沫的性能,扩大其用途的两个改进方向。
Viet等用十八烷基三氯硅烷修饰三聚氰胺泡沫表面,显著提高了泡沫的疏水亲油性(Superhydrophobic Silanized Melamine Sponges as High Efficiency OilAbsorbent Materials.ACS APPLIED MATERIALS&INTERFACES,2014,6,14181-14188)。中国专利CN105399977A主要对三聚氰胺泡沫进行二氧化硅纳米颗粒和乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷等硅烷偶联剂的改性,使泡沫具有了疏水亲油的性质。上述两种改性方法工艺简单,但是硅烷偶联剂的高价格提高了改性的成本,同时并未对三聚氰胺泡沫较脆易碎的性质做出改善。
采用低成本的方法,制备在外力拉扯下易断裂,重复使用性良好,且有较好亲油疏水性和韧性的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料仍然是行业内需要解决的一个技术难题。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是:基于上述问题,本发明提供一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法。
本发明解决其技术问题所采用的一个技术方案是:一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯或聚乙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯或二甲苯中,110℃加热回流溶解,得到聚丙烯或聚乙烯的甲苯或二甲苯溶液;
(2)在步骤(1)得到溶液中放入三聚氰胺泡沫,110℃加热回流15~60分钟,将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的溶液,置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重,得到改性三聚氰胺泡沫。
进一步地,步骤(1)中聚丙烯或聚乙烯占甲苯或二甲苯的质量百分比为0.5~2%。
进一步地,聚丙烯或聚乙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫的质量比为10:1~40:1。
本发明的有益效果是:选用内部孔隙度高的三聚氰胺泡沫作为基体,使改性后的吸油材料具有良好的保油能力;改性前无需对三聚氰胺泡沫进行预处理;改性后的三聚氰胺泡沫韧性有所提高,断裂伸长率变大,抗拉能力提高,便于回收再利用;泡沫改性过程原料成本低,工艺简单。
附图说明
下面结合附图对本发明进一步说明。
图1(a)是三聚氰胺泡沫与实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫在水中的测试对比图,图1(b)是实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫对油水混合物的选择性直观吸收测试图;
图2是实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫吸收甲苯、氯仿和柴油的重复性测试图;
图3是实施例2得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫表面的扫描电镜图;
图4是三聚氰胺泡沫与实施例2得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫的拉伸性能对比图。
具体实施方式
现在结合具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明,以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。
本发明所使用的材料试剂均为市售商品;聚丙烯产品牌号为T30S,但不限于此;聚乙烯产品牌号为W8007,但不限于此;三聚氰胺泡沫为市售工业和民用产品。
实施例1
将聚丙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯中加热回流溶解,再放入三聚氰胺泡沫,加热回流浸渍30分钟,然后将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的甲苯溶液,并置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重。聚丙烯占甲苯的质量百分数为1%,聚丙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫质量比为20:1。
图1(a)可以看到三聚氰胺泡沫沉于水底,实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫浮于水面,将改性三聚氰胺泡沫压入水中表面有类似“银镜”现象,泡沫被水包裹但不吸水。图1(b)为实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫对油水混合物的选择性吸收测试,由图中可以看出改性三聚氰胺泡沫只吸染红的氯仿。
图2为实施例1得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫吸收甲苯、氯仿和柴油的重复性测试,从图中可以看出,重复吸收挤干100次之后泡沫吸收甲苯、氯仿和柴油的能力总体变化不大,可重复利用性较好。
实施例2
将聚丙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯中加热回流溶解,再放入三聚氰胺泡沫,加热回流浸渍1小时,然后将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的甲苯溶液,并置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重。聚丙烯占甲苯的质量百分数为2%,聚丙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫质量比为40:1。
图3为实施例2制备的改性三聚氰胺泡沫表面的扫描电镜图。从(a)图中可以看到,三聚氰胺泡沫仍具有三维网状结构,其骨架和孔洞里吸附有聚丙烯。从(b)图中可以看到骨架上吸附的聚丙烯形成微米和纳米级的小突起,使得改性三聚氰胺泡沫具有了疏水亲油的性能。
实施例3
将聚丙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于二甲苯中加热回流溶解,再放入三聚氰胺泡沫,加热回流浸渍45分钟,然后将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的二甲苯溶液,并置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重。聚丙烯占二甲苯的质量百分数为1.5%,聚丙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫质量比为30:1。
实施例4
将聚丙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯中加热回流溶解,再放入三聚氰胺泡沫,加热回流浸渍15分钟,然后将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的甲苯溶液,并置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重。聚丙烯占甲苯的质量百分数为0.5%,聚丙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫质量比为10:1。
实施例5
将聚乙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于二甲苯中加热回流溶解,再放入三聚氰胺泡沫,加热回流浸渍30分钟,然后将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的二甲苯溶液,并置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重。聚乙烯占二甲苯的质量百分数为1%,聚乙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫质量比为20:1。
不同含量的聚丙烯和聚乙烯改性三聚氰胺泡沫吸油量和重复100次后的吸油能力如表1所示。
表1是三聚氰胺泡沫的吸油量
图4为三聚氰胺泡沫和实施例2得到的改性三聚氰胺泡沫的拉伸性能对比图,从图中可以看出改性三聚氰胺泡沫在强度和断裂伸长率上有明显提升。断裂伸长率由9.4%提高到25.1%,断裂强度由104KPa提高到131KPa,其韧性有明显提高,在使用过程中更加抗拉扯。
从以上数据可以看出,使用聚丙烯或聚乙烯表面涂层改性的三聚氰胺泡沫在具有好的疏水亲油性质同时,其韧性也明显改善。
以上述依据本发明的理想实施例为启示,通过上述的说明内容,相关工作人员完全可以在不偏离本项发明技术思想的范围内,进行多样的变更以及修改。本项发明的技术性范围并不局限于说明书上的内容,必须要根据权利要求范围来确定其技术性范围。

Claims (3)

1.一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法,其特征是:包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚丙烯或聚乙烯压成薄片并切成小块置于甲苯或二甲苯中,110℃加热回流溶解,得到聚丙烯或聚乙烯的甲苯或二甲苯溶液;
(2)在步骤(1)得到溶液中放入三聚氰胺泡沫,110℃加热回流15~60分钟,将三聚氰胺泡沫取出,去除其中的溶液,置于干燥箱中120℃烘干至恒重,得到改性三聚氰胺泡沫。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法,其特征是:所述的步骤(1)中聚丙烯或聚乙烯占甲苯或二甲苯的质量百分比为0.5~2%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法,其特征是:所述的聚丙烯或聚乙烯与三聚氰胺泡沫的质量比为10:1~40:1。
CN201710171528.9A 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法 Active CN106893135B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710171528.9A CN106893135B (zh) 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201710171528.9A CN106893135B (zh) 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106893135A CN106893135A (zh) 2017-06-27
CN106893135B true CN106893135B (zh) 2019-10-11

Family

ID=59192967

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201710171528.9A Active CN106893135B (zh) 2017-03-22 2017-03-22 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106893135B (zh)

Families Citing this family (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109096534B (zh) * 2018-08-28 2021-05-04 常州大学 石墨烯/氯化聚丙烯改性的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料及其制备方法
CN111013199A (zh) * 2019-12-31 2020-04-17 常州大学 一种智能pH响应型三聚氰胺泡沫油水分离材料的制备方法
CN112691648A (zh) * 2020-12-02 2021-04-23 陕煤集团榆林化学有限责任公司 一种高效的漏油吸附材料及制备方法
CN113663655A (zh) * 2021-08-10 2021-11-19 常州大学 一种高弹性pdms/cbc海绵吸附材料的制备方法
CN117699899A (zh) * 2023-11-24 2024-03-15 四川天华富邦化工有限责任公司 一种用于聚四氢呋喃地面废水的分离方法及装置

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103276707A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-09-04 中国科学技术大学 一种浮油收集设备及其制备方法和应用
CN104086798A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 武汉大学 一种聚丙烯改性的聚氨酯海绵及其制备方法与应用

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103276707A (zh) * 2013-05-14 2013-09-04 中国科学技术大学 一种浮油收集设备及其制备方法和应用
CN104086798A (zh) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 武汉大学 一种聚丙烯改性的聚氨酯海绵及其制备方法与应用

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
"高疏水性海绵的制备及其在食用油中的应用研究";刘永辉等;《农产品加工》;20151130;第8-15页 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106893135A (zh) 2017-06-27

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106893135B (zh) 一种韧性改善的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料的制备方法
Ali et al. Design, engineering and analytical perspectives of membrane materials with smart surfaces for efficient oil/water separation
Saleem et al. Oil sorbents from plastic wastes and polymers: A review
Hoang et al. Sorbent-based devices for the removal of spilled oil from water: a review
Tian et al. Biomass-derived oriented neurovascular network-like superhydrophobic aerogel as robust and recyclable oil droplets captor for versatile oil/water separation
Wang et al. Robustly superhydrophobic/superoleophilic kapok fiber with ZnO nanoneedles coating: Highly efficient separation of oil layer in water and capture of oil droplets in oil-in-water emulsions
Bai et al. Facile fabrication of superhydrophobic wood slice for effective water-in-oil emulsion separation
Pagnucco et al. Comparative effectiveness of natural by-products and synthetic sorbents in oil spill booms
CN104771936B (zh) 一种油水分离用高吸油海绵的制备方法
Shan et al. Superhydrophobic and superoleophilic polystyrene/carbon nanotubes foam for oil/water separation
Al-Jammal et al. Review on the effectiveness of adsorbent materials in oil spills clean up
CN105399977A (zh) 一种可重复使用吸油海绵的制备方法
Zhang et al. Cost-effective one-pot surface modified method to engineer a green superhydrophobic sponge for efficient oil/water mixtures as well as emulsions separation
Parsaie et al. Novel approach for rapid oil/water separation through superhydrophobic/superoleophilic zinc stearate coated polyurethane sponges
Akpomie et al. Abstraction and regeneration potential of temperature-enhanced rice husk montmorillonite combo for oil spill
Haridharan et al. Oil spills adsorption and cleanup by polymeric materials: A review
CN109096534B (zh) 石墨烯/氯化聚丙烯改性的三聚氰胺泡沫吸油材料及其制备方法
CN205151839U (zh) 一种吸油带
Razavi et al. Adsorption of crude and engine oils from water using raw rice husk
Zhang et al. Hybridization of Al2O3 microspheres and acrylic ester resins as a synergistic absorbent for selective oil and organic solvent absorption
Nguyen et al. Highlights of oil treatment technologies and rise of oil-absorbing materials in ocean cleaning strategy
Liu et al. Superhydrophobic straw felt for oil absorption
CN105797484B (zh) 一种油花吸附棉
Zhao et al. Facile synthesis of oil adsorbent carbon microtubes by pyrolysis of plant tissues
Piperopoulos et al. Carbon-based sponges for oil spill recovery

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant