CN106891764A - 一种电动汽车互补充电方法 - Google Patents

一种电动汽车互补充电方法 Download PDF

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CN106891764A
CN106891764A CN201710118760.6A CN201710118760A CN106891764A CN 106891764 A CN106891764 A CN 106891764A CN 201710118760 A CN201710118760 A CN 201710118760A CN 106891764 A CN106891764 A CN 106891764A
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charging
electric
electric automobile
charge
management system
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白殿春
张晓�
崔成吉
康利
刘宇锋
赵国新
张志锋
沈繁桥
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Hangzhou Jieneng Power Co Ltd Shenyang Branch
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • B60L53/63Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/10Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by the energy transfer between the charging station and the vehicle
    • B60L53/11DC charging controlled by the charging station, e.g. mode 4
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L53/00Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
    • B60L53/60Monitoring or controlling charging stations
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/12Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries responding to state of charge [SoC]
    • H02J7/0027
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/34Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
    • H02J7/342The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/18Buses
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60LPROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L2200/00Type of vehicles
    • B60L2200/24Personal mobility vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/7072Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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    • Y02T90/12Electric charging stations
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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    • Y02T90/14Plug-in electric vehicles
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T90/10Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/16Information or communication technologies improving the operation of electric vehicles
    • Y02T90/167Systems integrating technologies related to power network operation and communication or information technologies for supporting the interoperability of electric or hybrid vehicles, i.e. smartgrids as interface for battery charging of electric vehicles [EV] or hybrid vehicles [HEV]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y04S30/00Systems supporting specific end-user applications in the sector of transportation
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种电动汽车互补充电方法,将充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,通过无线网络与电网混合组网实现信息的交互与电能的传递,实现控制电动汽车充电,包括电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元、无线模块,电池管理系统BMS与无线模块、整车控制器VCU相连接。优点是:以充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,进而实现稳定电网的目的。通过电动汽车自身的电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU实现与双向驱动单元、无线模块相连接,并与远程监控服务器相通讯,进而实现远程控制电动汽车充电,实现电网稳压工作。

Description

一种电动汽车互补充电方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种电动汽车互补充电方法。
背景技术
随着当今社会对能源和环境的关注度不断提高、电能存储及电驱动技术的进步,越来越多的电动汽车替代传动汽车方便出行。电动汽车的保有量将越来越多。
数据表明电动汽车的年增长率已经超过50%,以电动大巴、电动中小型车等电动汽车为代表的众多电动车辆服务于社会、家庭。对于大多数的电动汽车在使用过程中有90%的时间处于停泊状态,与此同时出于成本等因素的考虑,电网的容量有限,当电动汽车有快速充电需求时,由于电网容量的限制使得电网难以提供电动汽车充电的需求。电动汽车充电对电网带来冲击的问题凸显,尤其是电动汽车快速充电,将对电网带来剧烈的冲击。
现有技术中,申请号:201610445672.2,公开了一种电动汽车驱动与电能变换控制方法,涉及了电能的双向传输,控制器可以控制充电及放电电流。可为电动汽车互补充电方法提供基础技术支持。
发明内容
为克服现有技术的不足,本发明的目的是提供一种电动汽车互补充电方法,为需要快速充电的充电汽车提供解决方案,是基于电动汽车双向充电控制器的电能平衡调节方法,特别适用于乘用车,大巴车停车场,利用电量多的电动汽车对急需充电的电动汽车进行快速充电,以支撑电网电压,减少对电网的冲击。
为实现上述目的,本发明通过以下技术方案实现:
一种电动汽车互补充电方法,将充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,通过无线网络与电网混合组网实现信息的交互与电能的传递,实现控制电动汽车充电,包括电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元、无线模块,电池管理系统BMS与无线模块、整车控制器VCU相连接,
整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的电池当前电量、充电电流、充电状态、充电模式、电池温度、接入状态检测信息通过无线模块传输到远程监控服务器上;
远程监控服务器负责监控接入某一个区域充电站内所有连接充电汽车的参数,以及发送控制指令;一个区域充电站由若干个充电点组成,当电动汽车接入时,整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的信息上传至远程监控服务器上,远程监控服务器根据设定的充电规则发送充电指令;
接入状态检测为监测是否连接到与充电线连接的充电点,充电线的标准电压为380V;
电池管理系统BMS设定充电模式为共享充电模式与非共享充电模式,其中共享充电模式允许本充电汽车向电网反馈能量,而非共享充电模式只允许电网对电动汽车充电;
电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元的数据传输基于CAN总线进行数据交互。
所述的充电规则:
电动汽车充电停车场容积为akW,以bkW的功率为电动汽车充电,则可同时为a/b=c台电动汽车提供慢充电服务;单台电动汽车的总充电量为g,若c台电动汽车中有d台电动汽车的单车已充电百分比e大于70%,而新进入停车场的电动汽车h台需快速充电,采用共享充电模式,则可提供的电量为:f=g*d(e-70%);若新进电动汽车单台需要充电量占g的百分比为j,则新进电动汽车所需快速充电的总电量为k=g*h*j;只有f>k可确保电网稳定。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
以充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,进而实现稳定电网的目的。通过电动汽车自身的电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU实现与双向驱动单元、无线模块相连接,并与远程监控服务器相通讯,进而实现远程控制电动汽车充电,实现电网稳压工作。
附图说明
图1是电网充电流程图。
图2是远程监控服务器控制流程图。
图3是共享充电模式结构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图对本发明进行详细地描述,但是应该指出本发明的实施不限于以下的实施方式。
见图1-图3,一种电动汽车互补充电方法,将充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,通过无线网络与电网混合组网实现信息的交互与电能的传递,实现控制电动汽车充电,包括电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元、无线模块,电池管理系统BMS与无线模块、整车控制器VCU相连接,整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的电池当前电量、充电电流、充电状态、充电模式、电池温度、接入状态检测信息通过无线模块传输到远程监控服务器上;
见图2,远程监控服务器负责监控接入某一个区域充电站内所有连接充电汽车的参数,以及发送控制指令;一个区域充电站由若干个充电点组成,当电动汽车接入时,整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的信息上传至远程监控服务器上,远程监控服务器根据设定的充电规则发送充电指令;
接入状态检测为监测是否连接到与充电线连接的充电点,充电线的标准电压为380V;
电池管理系统BMS设定充电模式为共享充电模式与非共享充电模式,其中共享充电模式允许本充电汽车向电网反馈能量,而非共享充电模式只允许电网对电动汽车充电;
电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元的数据传输基于CAN总线进行数据交互。双向驱动单元采用申请号:201610445672.2公开的一种电动汽车驱动与电能变换控制方法,尤其是其中公开的电动汽车驱动装置(申请号:201620599261.4公开的一种电动汽车驱动装置)。
充电规则:
电动汽车充电停车场容积为akW,以bkW的功率为电动汽车充电,则可同时为a/b=c台电动汽车提供慢充电服务;单台电动汽车的总充电量为g,若c台电动汽车中有d台电动汽车的单车已充电百分比e大于70%,而新进入停车场的电动汽车h台需快速充电,采用共享充电模式,则可提供的电量为:f=g*d(e-70%);若新进电动汽车单台需要充电量占g的百分比为j,则新进电动汽车所需快速充电的总电量为k=g*h*j;只有f>k可确保电网稳定。
实施例:
整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的电池当前电量、充电电流、充电状态、电池温度、接入状态检测信息通过无线模块传输到远程监控服务器上。
充电模式为设定的共享充电模式与非共享充电模式,其中共享充电模式允许本充电汽车向电网反馈能量,而非共享充电模式只允许电网对电动汽车充电。接入状态检测为监测是否连接到与充电线连接的充电点。充电线的标准电压为380V。
见图1,当电动汽车处于非共享充电模式时,且电网正常供电时,每个电动汽车通过传输线由电网供电进行充电,并计费。
见图2、图3,远程监控服务器负责监视接入某一个区域充电站内所有连接充电汽车的参数,以及发送控制指令。一个区域充电站由若干个充电点组成,当电动汽车接入时,电动汽车VCU将相关参数上传至服务器上。服务器根据制定的充电规则发送充电指令。充电规则如下:
以200kW的电动汽车充电停车场为例。如果以大约8kW左右的功率为电动汽车充电,大约可以同时为20台左右的电动汽车提供慢速充电服务。但是如果接入100kW的快速充电桩,最多近能够为2台电动汽车提供快充服务。而如果20台的车中有50%的车的电量超过80%,而新进入停车场的汽车急需快速充电,新进入停车场的汽车则存在无法以较大电流充电的可能。假设电动汽车电量为40kWh、停车场内有10台90%电量的电动汽车。则可充最大电量为这10台车超过70%部分的和,40*10*0.2=80kWh。此时停车场内需要为2台电量为20%的电动汽车速充电,则如果完全断掉电网的情况下将这2台20%能量的电动汽车充到50%需要40*0.3*2=24kwh的能量,这10台车平均电量下降为24/10/40=6%.由于专利《一种电动汽车驱动与电能变换控制方法》提及双向充电器的充放电电流与电机的驱动电流相同,因此可以以电池能承受的最大电流进行充电。从而极大的补充了电网的充电能力。
见图3,同时区域充电站还通过与电网连接的断路器与电网连接,设置监测断路器开合的装置。通常与电网连接的断路器处于合闸状态,当电动汽车处于分享充电模式的馈电状态时,双向驱动单元的工作模式为PQ模式(是微电网中的模式,PQ状态为主网提供电压支撑。孤岛状态时,由于失去了参考的电压源,所以需要找到一个控制器作为参考电压源,他工作在VF模式,别的继续工作在PQ模式提供电压支撑),补充电网所需的电能。当与电网连接的断路器断开时,处于短时充电模式,在处于短时工作模式时,区域充电站内电量最高的电动汽车处于VF模式,其余的可以馈电的电动汽车处于PQ模式,当网内最低电量的电动汽车充到下限阈值时停止充电。
本发明以充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,进而实现稳定电网的目的。通过电动汽车自身的电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU实现与双向驱动单元、无线模块相连接,并与远程监控服务器相通讯,进而实现远程控制电动汽车充电,实现电网稳压工作。

Claims (2)

1.一种电动汽车互补充电方法,其特征在于,将充电中的电动汽车作为电源,为急需快速充电的电动汽车充电,通过无线网络与电网混合组网实现信息的交互与电能的传递,实现控制电动汽车充电,包括电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元、无线模块,电池管理系统BMS与无线模块、整车控制器VCU相连接,
整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的电池当前电量、充电电流、充电状态、充电模式、电池温度、接入状态检测信息通过无线模块传输到远程监控服务器上;
远程监控服务器负责监控接入某一个区域充电站内所有连接充电汽车的参数,以及发送控制指令;一个区域充电站由若干个充电点组成,当电动汽车接入时,整车控制器VCU将电池管理系统BMS采集到的信息上传至远程监控服务器上,远程监控服务器根据设定的充电规则发送充电指令;
接入状态检测为监测是否连接到与充电线连接的充电点,充电线的标准电压为380V;
电池管理系统BMS设定充电模式为共享充电模式与非共享充电模式,其中共享充电模式允许本充电汽车向电网反馈能量,而非共享充电模式只允许电网对电动汽车充电;
电池管理系统BMS、整车控制器VCU、双向驱动单元的数据传输基于CAN总线进行数据交互。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种电动汽车互补充电方法,其特征在于,所述的充电规则:
电动汽车充电停车场容积为akW,以bkW的功率为电动汽车充电,则可同时为a/b=c台电动汽车提供慢充电服务;单台电动汽车的总充电量为g,若c台电动汽车中有d台电动汽车的单车已充电百分比e大于70%,而新进入停车场的电动汽车h台需快速充电,采用共享充电模式,则可提供的电量为:f=g*d(e-70%);若新进电动汽车单台需要充电量占g的百分比为j,则新进电动汽车所需快速充电的总电量为k=g*h*j;只有f>k可确保电网稳定。
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