CN106891670B

CN106891670B - Axle of vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN106891670B
Application number: CN201710247041.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 魏永祥; 吕昌; 袁群威; 唐恒
Original assignee: Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangsu XCMG Construction Machinery Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2017-04-17
Filing date: 2017-04-17
Publication date: 2023-06-02
Anticipated expiration: 2037-04-17
Also published as: CN106891670A

Abstract

The invention discloses an axle. The axle includes an axle housing having a cavity and a half shaft disposed within the cavity. The axle also comprises a stirring structure which is arranged on the half axle and positioned in the cavity, the stirring structure comprises blades, the blades have an extending state and a retracting state relative to the half axle in the radial direction of the half axle, and when the half axle works, the blades can be in the extending state; the blade can be in a retracted state during assembly of the axle half shaft with the axle housing. The axle does not need to divide the half axle into two sections or five sections when the half axle and the axle housing are assembled, so that the strength of the half axle and the axle housing is guaranteed, and the axle is convenient to assemble.

Description

Axle of vehicle

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of engineering machinery, in particular to an axle.

Background

Because the wet drive axle has the advantages of stable braking, safety and the like, the wet drive axle is widely applied to engineering machinery. However, the construction machine often needs to continuously advance and reverse when in operation, and therefore frequent braking is required. Frequent braking causes the temperature of the lubricating oil to rise rapidly, and the lubrication of bearings, gears and the like is insufficient. Therefore, in actual production, the engineering machinery cannot work for a long time, and the working efficiency is low.

In order to solve the problem of poor heat dissipation of lubricating oil, a wet drive axle in the prior art is provided with spiral blades on a half shaft to dissipate heat of the lubricating oil. In order to be able to fit the half shaft fitted with helical blades inside the axle housing, the prior art divides the axle housing into five sections and the half shaft into two sections. But set up the axle housing to five sections greatly reduced the intensity of axle housing, divided into two sections with the semi-axis also greatly reduced the intensity of semi-axis, the assembly of above-mentioned transaxle is troublesome moreover.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an axle, which is convenient to assemble on the basis of not reducing the strength of a half axle and an axle housing.

The invention provides an axle, which comprises an axle housing with a cavity, an axle shaft arranged in the cavity, and a stirring structure arranged on the axle shaft and positioned in the cavity, wherein the stirring structure comprises blades, the blades have an extending state and a retracting state relative to the axle shaft in the radial direction of the axle shaft, and when the axle shaft works, the blades can be in the extending state; the blade is capable of being in the retracted state during assembly of the axle half shaft with the axle housing.

Further, the blade includes two or more blade segments disposed in sequence along the radial direction, at least two of the two or more blade segments being disposed relatively movably in the radial direction to switch the blade between the extended state and the retracted state.

Further, the at least two blade segments comprise a first blade segment and a second blade segment arranged adjacently, the first blade segment having a cavity, the second blade segment being movably arranged in the cavity.

Further, the stirring structure further comprises a first limiting structure for limiting a first limit position when the second blade section moves in the radial outer direction relative to the first blade section; and/or the stirring structure further comprises a second limiting structure for limiting a second limit position when the second blade segment moves towards the radial inner side direction relative to the first blade segment.

Further, the first blade segment has a first end located radially outward and a second end located radially inward, wherein the first limit structure includes a first stop disposed on an inner side of the first end of the cavity of the first blade segment and a protrusion disposed on an outer side of the second blade segment, the protrusion abutting the first stop when the second blade segment is in the first limit position; and/or, the second limiting structure comprises a second blocking part arranged at the second end of the first blade segment, and when the second blade segment is positioned at the second limit position, the second blocking part is abutted with the end face of the second blade segment.

Further, in the radial direction, the width and/or thickness of the two or more blade segments gradually become smaller from the radial inner side to the radial outer side.

Further, the stirring structure further comprises a mounting base body, the mounting base body comprises a sleeve fixedly sleeved on the half shaft and a mounting part arranged on the sleeve and used for mounting the blade, and the blade is mounted on the mounting part.

Further, the axle comprises at least two stirring structures, and the at least two stirring structures are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the half shaft.

Further, the outer end of the axle housing comprises an axle shaft mounting hole communicated with the cavity, the cavity and the axle shaft mounting hole are coaxially arranged, the radius of the cavity is larger than that of the axle shaft mounting hole, and in the retracted state of the blade, the axle shaft and the blade mounted on the axle shaft can penetrate through the axle shaft mounting hole to enter the cavity.

The axle housing further comprises a transition hole arranged between the cavity and the axle shaft mounting hole, and the radius of the transition hole is gradually reduced from the cavity to the axle shaft mounting hole.

Based on the axle provided by the invention, the blades can be in a retracted state in the process of assembling the half shaft and the axle housing. The blades may be in a retracted state during assembly of the axle half into the axle housing. The blades are then in an extended state after the axle shaft is assembled into the axle housing. The blade can carry out rotary motion and stir lubricating oil under the drive of semi-axis during operation of semi-axis, accelerates the cooling of lubricating oil. Therefore, the axle does not need to divide the half axle into two sections or five sections when the half axle and the axle housing are assembled, and is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the half axle and the axle housing and facilitating the assembly.

Other features of the present invention and its advantages will become apparent from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, which proceeds with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation on the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a driving axle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the drive axle shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the blade of FIG. 1 in an extended position;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the vane of FIG. 1 in a retracted state;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an exploded view of the blade of FIG. 1;

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of a mounting base of the stirring structure of FIG. 1;

FIG. 7 is a schematic front view of the mounting base shown in FIG. 6;

fig. 8 to 10 are views illustrating an assembling and disassembling process of the stirring structure according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Each reference numeral represents:

1-a drive axle; 11-axle housing; 11A-a half shaft mounting hole; 11B-cavity; 11C-transition holes; 12-half shafts; 13-stirring structure; 131-a first leaf segment; 132-a second leaf segment; 133-a third leaf segment; 134-baffle; 135-screws; 136-a mounting portion; 137-sleeve; 138-round hole.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely exemplary in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless it is specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective parts shown in the drawings are not drawn in actual scale for convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to one of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but should be considered part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be construed as merely illustrative, and not a limitation. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further discussion thereof is necessary in subsequent figures.

Spatially relative terms, such as "above … …," "above … …," "upper surface at … …," "above," and the like, may be used herein for ease of description to describe one device or feature's spatial location relative to another device or feature as illustrated in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is turned over, elements described as "above" or "over" other devices or structures would then be oriented "below" or "beneath" the other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

The axle provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises an axle housing with a cavity, a half axle arranged in the cavity and a stirring structure arranged on the half axle. The stirring structure includes a blade. The blades have an extended state and a retracted state relative to the axle shaft in a radial direction of the axle shaft. When the half shaft works, the blades can be in an extending state. The blade can be in a retracted state during assembly of the axle half shaft with the axle housing. The blades may be in a retracted state during assembly of the axle half into the axle housing. The blades are then in an extended state after the axle shaft is assembled into the axle housing. The blade can carry out rotary motion and stir lubricating oil under the drive of semi-axis during operation of semi-axis, accelerates the cooling of lubricating oil. Therefore, the axle provided by the embodiment of the invention does not need to divide the half axle into two sections or five sections when assembling the half axle and the axle housing, is beneficial to ensuring the strength of the half axle and the axle housing and is convenient to assemble.

Fig. 1 to 10 show the structure of a transaxle according to an embodiment of the present invention. The structure of the drive axle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 10. It should be noted here that the present invention is not limited to application in a drive axle. For example, the present invention can be applied to a driven axle, and any axle that requires lubrication and is provided with a stirring structure can be applied to the structure of each embodiment of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 10, the transaxle 1 of the embodiment of the present invention includes an axle housing 11, a half shaft 12, and a stirring structure 13. The axle housing 11 has a cavity 11B. The axle 12 is disposed within the cavity 11B. The stirring structure 13 comprises blades. The blades have an extended state and a retracted state relative to the half shaft 12 in the radial direction of the half shaft 12. The blades can be in an extended state when the axle shafts 12 are in operation. The blades can be in a retracted state during assembly of the axle shaft 12 with the axle housing 11.

Preferably, as shown in fig. 3 to 5, the blade comprises two or more blade segments arranged in sequence in the radial direction. At least two blade segments of the two or more blade segments are arranged to be relatively movable in a radial direction. When the engineering machinery walks, the half shaft 12 rotates around the central axis of the half shaft, the stirring structure 13 rotates in the axle housing 11 along with the half shaft 12, and each blade segment moves towards the radial outer direction due to the action of centrifugal force, so that the blades are automatically in an extending state, the lubricating oil in the axle housing 11 is stirred, and the cooling of the lubricating oil is accelerated. According to the stirring structure, the blades are automatically in the extending state through centrifugal force on each blade section of the blades, the extending of the blades can be achieved only by means of rotation of the half shafts, and the control mode is simple. And the structure of the axle is simplified, and the maintenance cost is reduced.

In particular, in the present embodiment, the blade includes three blade segments, which are a first blade segment 131, a second blade segment 132, and a third blade segment 133, disposed in order in the radial direction. When the blade is to be switched from the retracted state to the extended state, the first blade segment 131, the second blade segment 132 and the third blade segment 133 are each moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 3. When the blade is to be switched from the extended state to the retracted state, the first blade segment 131, the second blade segment 132 and the third blade segment 133 are each moved in the direction indicated by the arrow in fig. 4.

Preferably, the at least two blade segments comprise a first blade segment and a second blade segment arranged adjacently, the first blade segment having a cavity, the second blade segment being movably arranged within the cavity. The at least two blade sections are nested, so that the volume of the blades in the retracted state is reduced, and the assembly is convenient.

Since the at least two blade segments of the present embodiment are formed in a layer-by-layer nested manner, the width and/or thickness of the at least two blade segments gradually becomes smaller in a direction from the radially inner side to the radially outer side in the radial direction.

It is of course also possible to provide the second blade segment outside the first blade segment.

Specifically, the third blade segment 133 is disposed in the cavity of the second blade segment 132, and the second blade segment 132 is disposed in the cavity of the first blade segment 131 to form a layer-by-layer nested structure.

In an embodiment not shown in the drawings, the blade may also be made of a material having a certain elasticity. When the axle housing is arranged in the axle housing, external force can be applied to the blades to enable the blades to be compressed and deformed under the action of the external force so as to be reduced, and therefore the assembly is convenient. After the assembly is completed, the shape of the blade is automatically recovered under the action of self-elastic force, so that the lubricating oil is stirred under the drive of the half shaft, and the cooling of the lubricating oil is accelerated.

In another embodiment, not shown in the drawings, a receiving cavity for receiving the blade may also be provided on the axle half, and the blade may be controlled to enter the receiving cavity when the axle half is fitted into the axle housing. After assembly, the blade can be controlled to extend from the receiving cavity.

As shown in fig. 3 to 7, the stirring structure further includes a mounting base. The mounting base body comprises a sleeve 137 fixedly sleeved on the half shaft 12 and a mounting part 136 arranged on the sleeve 137 and used for mounting the blade. The first blade segment 131 at the bottom is disposed in the mounting portion 136 of the mounting base and is movably disposed with respect to the mounting portion 136.

In order to limit the extreme position of the movement of the second blade segment 132 relative to the first blade segment 131, the stirring structure according to the embodiment of the present invention further comprises a first limit structure for limiting the first extreme position when the second blade segment 132 moves in the radially outer direction relative to the first blade segment 131. The provision of the first limiting structure facilitates preventing the second blade segment 132 from being disengaged from the first blade segment 131 when the blade is extended and moved in a radially outward direction relative to the first blade segment 131.

Preferably, the stirring structure further comprises a second limit structure for limiting a second limit position when the second blade segment 132 is moved in a radially inner direction with respect to the first blade segment 131. The provision of the second limit structure facilitates preventing the second blade segment 132 from moving radially inward beyond the extent of the first blade segment 131 when the blade is retracted.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, the first blade segment 131 has a first end located radially outward and a second end located radially inward. The first blade segment 131 has a first protrusion protruding inward on an inner side of the first end of the cavity. The second blade segment 132 is provided with a second protrusion protruding outward on the outer side surface. Thus, when the second blade segment 132 moves in the radially outward direction to the position of the first protrusion, the second protrusion is blocked by the first protrusion to prevent the second blade segment 132 from continuing to move.

A second end of the first blade segment 131 is provided with a baffle 134. The baffle 134 is attached to the end of the first blade segment 131 by screws 135. Likewise, a second end of the second blade segment 132 is also provided with a baffle. Thus, the vane of this embodiment is capable of progressive retraction upon entering the retracted state, with the third vane segment 133 retracted into the second vane segment 132, and the second vane segment 132 retracted into the first vane segment 131. The first blade segment 131 is retracted into the mounting portion 136 of the mounting block, thereby creating a retracted state as shown in fig. 4.

Preferably, the stirring structure 13 comprises a plurality of blades distributed in a spiral around the central axis of the half shaft 12. The blades are helically distributed about the central axis of the axle shaft 12 to accelerate the stirring of the lubricating oil.

As shown in fig. 6, the mounting portions 136 on the mounting base body are spirally distributed on the outer peripheral surface of the sleeve 137 such that the blades mounted on the mounting portions 136 are spirally distributed.

The provision of a circular aperture 138 in the sleeve 137 facilitates the mounting of the sleeve 137 to the axle shaft 12 using a connector.

As shown in fig. 2, the drive axle comprises at least two stirring structures 13. At least two stirring structures are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the half shaft 12. The arrangement is such that the lubricating oil in the axle housing 11 in the axial direction of the half axle 12 can be stirred, accelerating the cooling of the lubricating oil inside the entire axle housing.

As shown in fig. 2, the axle housing 11 of the present embodiment includes a half shaft mounting hole 11A that communicates with a cavity 11B. The cavity 11B is disposed coaxially with the axle shaft mounting hole 11A and the radius of the cavity 11B is larger than the radius of the axle shaft mounting hole 11A. The half shaft 12 and the blade mounted on the half shaft 12 can pass through the half shaft mounting hole 11A into the cavity 11B while the blade is in the retracted state.

Preferably, the part of the axle housing 11 corresponding to the brake is provided with a wavy groove, so that the contact area of lubricating oil and the axle housing 11 and the contact area of the axle housing and the environment can be increased on the premise of not increasing the size of the axle housing 11, and the heat dissipation rate can be improved.

The nested arrangement of the vanes of this embodiment automatically expands as the axle shaft 12 rotates due to centrifugal forces. The blade needs to be acted by external force when retracting, so that the blade is conveniently retracted in the assembly and disassembly processes of the half shaft, the axle housing 11 further comprises a transition hole 11C arranged between the cavity 11B and the half shaft mounting hole 11A, and the radius of the transition hole 11C is gradually reduced in the direction from the cavity 11B to the half shaft mounting hole 11A. Therefore, when the half shaft 12 is disassembled, and the blade of the stirring structure 13 is pulled outwards to touch the transition hole 11C of the axle housing, the blade section of the blade positioned on the outer side is extruded by the inner wall of the axle housing due to the gradually smaller radius of the transition hole 11C, and at the moment, the stirring structure can be automatically adjusted to a retracted state from an extended state, and then the half shaft can be pulled out smoothly.

In particular, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the transition hole 11C is a tapered hole. The tapered hole is arranged to enable the stirring structure to retract into the second blade section after the third blade section located at the outermost side is retracted into the second blade section when the half shaft is pulled out towards the outer side, the second blade section is stressed accordingly, the first blade section is stressed, and gradual retraction between each blade section of the stirring structure can be achieved.

As shown in fig. 8 to 9, when the half shaft is assembled into the inside of the axle housing, the respective blade segments are first assembled to be nested with each other, and then assembled with the mounting portion of the mounting base body. Then sleeve of the mounting base is sleeved on the half shaft, the sleeve and the half shaft are connected and fixed through the connecting piece, the blades are adjusted to be in a retracted state, and then the half shaft is inserted into the axle housing.

As shown in fig. 9 to 10, when the half shaft is disassembled, the half shaft is slightly shifted outwards, when the blades of the stirring structure touch the inner wall of the axle housing, the blades can be extruded by the axle housing due to the arrangement of the conical holes, and then the blades can be automatically adjusted to be in a retracted state from an extended state, and then the half shaft can be smoothly pulled out.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same; while the invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will appreciate that: modifications may be made to the specific embodiments of the present invention or equivalents may be substituted for part of the technical features thereof; without departing from the spirit of the invention, it is intended to cover the scope of the invention as claimed.

Claims

1. An axle comprising an axle housing having a cavity and a half axle arranged in said cavity, characterized in that the axle further comprises a stirring structure (13) arranged on said half axle (12) and located in said cavity, said stirring structure (13) comprising blades having an extended state and a retracted state in a radial direction of said half axle (12) with respect to said half axle (12), said blades being capable of being in said extended state when said half axle is in operation; the blade is capable of being in the retracted state during assembly of the axle half shaft with the axle housing.

2. The axle of claim 1, wherein the blade comprises two or more blade segments disposed in sequence along the radial direction, at least two of the two or more blade segments being disposed relatively movable in the radial direction to switch the blade between the extended state and the retracted state.

3. The axle according to claim 2, characterized in that the at least two blade segments comprise a first blade segment (131) and a second blade segment (132) arranged adjacently, the first blade segment (131) having a cavity, the second blade segment (132) being movably arranged in the cavity.

4. A vehicle axle according to claim 3, characterized in that the stirring structure further comprises a first limit structure for limiting a first limit position when the second blade segment (132) is moved in a radially outer direction with respect to the first blade segment (131); and/or the stirring structure further comprises a second limiting structure for limiting a second limit position when the second blade segment (132) moves towards the radial inner direction relative to the first blade segment (131).

5. The axle according to claim 4, characterized in that the first blade segment (131) has a first end located radially outside and a second end located radially inside, wherein the first limit structure comprises a first stop provided on an inner side of the first end of the cavity of the first blade segment (131) and a projection provided on an outer side of the second blade segment (132), which projection abuts the first stop when the second blade segment (132) is in the first limit position; and/or, the second limiting structure comprises a second blocking part arranged at the second end of the first blade segment (132), and when the second blade segment (132) is in the second limiting position, the second blocking part is abutted with the end face of the second blade segment.

6. The axle according to claim 2, characterized in that the width and/or thickness of the two or more blade segments gradually decrease from the radially inner side to the radially outer side in the radial direction.

7. The axle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the stirring structure further comprises a mounting base body comprising a sleeve (137) fixedly sleeved on the axle shaft and a mounting portion (136) provided on the sleeve (137) for mounting the blade, the blade being mounted on the mounting portion (136).

8. The axle of any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it comprises at least two stirring structures, which are arranged at intervals in the axial direction of the axle shaft.

9. Axle according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the outer end of the axle housing comprises a half axle mounting hole communicating with the cavity, the cavity (11B) and the half axle mounting hole (11A) being coaxially arranged and the radius of the cavity (11B) being larger than the radius of the half axle mounting hole (11A), the half axle and a blade mounted on the half axle being able to enter the cavity through the half axle mounting hole in the retracted state of the blade.

10. The axle according to claim 9, characterized in that the axle housing (11) further includes a transition hole (11C) provided between the cavity (11B) and the axle shaft mounting hole (11A), the radius of the transition hole (11C) gradually becoming smaller in a direction from the cavity (11B) to the axle shaft mounting hole (11A).