CN106891526B - A kind of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing system and inner surface rotational molding process - Google Patents

A kind of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing system and inner surface rotational molding process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106891526B
CN106891526B CN201710043628.3A CN201710043628A CN106891526B CN 106891526 B CN106891526 B CN 106891526B CN 201710043628 A CN201710043628 A CN 201710043628A CN 106891526 B CN106891526 B CN 106891526B
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model
solid propellant
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dimensional stereo
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CN106891526A (en
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蔺向阳
曹宇鹏
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C06EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
    • C06BEXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
    • C06B21/00Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
    • C06B21/0033Shaping the mixture
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00Processes of additive manufacturing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33YADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29KINDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2101/00Use of unspecified macromolecular compounds as moulding material
    • B29K2101/12Thermoplastic materials

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods of the 3D printer increasing material manufacturing solid propellant of 3D printer and utilization with rotary shaft with rotary shaft suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing.Shaped platform is changed into cylinder inner surface by the present invention, i.e., forms propellant charge in cylinder inner surface.COMPOSITE SOLID PROPELLANT column model is designed with modeling software first, then powder column model is done into expansion transformation with modeling software, the new three-dimensional stereo model obtained after expansion transformation is placed in 3D printing upper computer software with specific modes of emplacement, it is sliced and generates G code finally by printing head extruded material, in cylinder inner surface layer upon layer, solid propellant grain is obtained.The present invention uses the large-sized solid propellant of lesser device fabrication, and the weight and system of molding equipment system are substantially reduced.

Description

A kind of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing system and inner surface rotational molding process
Technical field
The invention discloses a kind of 3D printer suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing with rotary shaft and utilizations The method of 3D printer increasing material manufacturing solid propellant with rotary shaft
Background technique
Traditional solid thermoplastics propellant molding manufacture mainly uses the molded technique of spiral shell, with the increasing of compact dimensions Adding, device systems are also more and more huger, and pressure required for forming significantly improves, and the energy consumption for forming manufacture system increases, Manufacture difficulty significantly increases, and comprehensive manufacturing cost increases substantially.The more importantly difficulty of the Forming Quality control of propellant Also it increases, the risk that blast accident occurs for manufacturing process improves.Highly filled higher thermoplasticity high-energy solid is pushed away Into agent, the dispersing uniformity of material and the stability of mechanical property are the Key Quality Indicator for determining service performance.Using spiral shell pressure When extrusion process prepares solid propellant, as the raising briquetting pressure of proportion of filler can increase substantially, sometime up to 30MPa More than, the temperature for forming needs can also be improved with the increase of solid packing.It is required that integral strength and the portion of screw extruder The intensity of part is very high, and equipment volume also increases accordingly.The introducing of solid packing can also bring material plasticizing degree not enough, material The problems such as dispersion is unevenly, the density of block materials is inadequate.Currently, the main method to solve the above problems mainly uses more greatly The higher molding equipment of size, intensity, not only increases manufacturing cost, and production efficiency is also relatively low.In addition, using traditional spiral shell pressure Technique prepares thermoplastic solid propellant, cannot achieve the compound change burn rate COMPOSITE SOLID PROPELLANT of some complex-shaped and more materials Column.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of thermoplastics that can use lesser device fabrication large scale and complicated shape Property solid propellant 3D printer with rotary shaft and utilize the 3D printer increasing material manufacturing solid propellant propulsion with rotary shaft The method of agent.
The technical solution for realizing the aim of the invention is as follows: a kind of 3D printing suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing Machine, including cylindric print platform, three stepper motors and printing head, wherein three stepper motors are respectively the first stepping electricity Machine M1, second stepper motor M2With third stepper motor M3
The cylindrical shape print platform is rotated around Cylindorical rod, which is parallel to the horizontal plane, and cylindric print platform exists Stepper motor M1Control under rotate;Printing head is located at cylinder interior, and in second stepper motor M2With third stepper motor M3 Control under move, the printing head is in second stepper motor M2Control under moved along rotation axis horizontal, and in third stepping Motor M3Control under it is vertically moving;The using face of the cylindrical shape print platform is cylinder inner surface.
The quantity of the printing head is at least 1, and spout is straight down.
A kind of Method of printing based on the above-mentioned 3D printer suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing, including following step It is rapid:
Solid propellant grain model to be printed is made expansion transformation by step 1, obtains new three-dimensional stereo model;Institute The section for the middle solid propellant grain model stated includes internal combustion tubulose, internal combustion star, tubulose, wheel shape, dendriform, pipe sleeve Type, dog bone shape, multi-groove shape hole and ellipse.
Described makees solid propellant grain model to be printed expansion transformation specifically:
Solid propellant grain model is placed in XYZ space rectangular coordinate system first quartile, solid propellant grain mould The axis of type is parallel with X-axis, if the coordinate system is O1;For any section perpendicular to X-axis of solid propellant grain model, The coordinate of symmetrical centre is (x, y, z), and one one coordinates are taken up an official post for (x in section1, y1, z1), which takes up an official post to the section Anticipate any distance be r=√ ((y-y1)2+(z-z1)2).If y1< y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfoldedIf y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfolded
Step 2 is defined the three-view diagram direction of above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model;Specifically:
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with X-axis and be directed toward X-axis forward direction direction definition be newly The positive apparent direction of three-dimensional stereo model,
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Z axis and be directed toward Z axis forward direction direction definition be newly The overlook direction of three-dimensional stereo model;
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Y-axis and be directed toward Y-axis forward direction direction definition be newly The side-looking direction of three-dimensional stereo model.
Step 3 is placed into Slice Software the above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model for defining three-view diagram direction and cuts Piece, and generate G code;Described is placed into putting in Slice Software to the new three-dimensional stereo model for defining three-view diagram direction Set method are as follows:
If the coordinate system of Slice Software is O2, the positive apparent direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In the axis side X To parallel and direction X-axis positive direction, the overlook direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Z-direction it is parallel And it is directed toward the positive direction of Z axis, the side-looking direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Y direction it is parallel and be directed toward Y The positive direction of axis.
G code is input to suitable for the 3D printer of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing by step 4, using printer into Row printing.The 3D printer carries out printing shaping using thermoplastic solid propellant raw material.
Compared with prior art, remarkable advantage of the invention are as follows: the 1) present invention is large-sized using lesser device fabrication Solid propellant, the weight and system of molding equipment system are substantially reduced;2) present invention utilizes the 3D printer with rotary shaft Labyrinth powder column may be implemented in the method for increasing material manufacturing solid propellant or more materials become the one-pass molding of burn rate propellant;3) The remote controlled molding of printer of the invention has the advantages that process safety, shaping efficiency are high;4) shaped charge axial and Mechanical property radially is higher;5) in the 3D printer cylinder inner surface molding with rotary shaft, when cylinder rotation, due to Centrifugal action is conducive to printable layer and is attached to print platform;6) it can control the system with common 3D printer control system.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cylinder shaped platform schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the view axially seen from the cylinder shaped platform of printing device.
Fig. 3 is the view seen by the radial direction of the cylinder shaped platform of printing device.
Fig. 4 is that cross section is tube grain model, wherein figure (a) is the cross section of shaped charge model, figure (b) be from The view that powder column model is radially seen.
Fig. 5 is that cross section is tube grain model expanded view, wherein three-dimensional stereo model new after converting is unfolded in figure (a) Top view, the front view of new three-dimensional stereo model after figure (b) expansion transformation.
Fig. 6 is that common plane platform shaped charge and cylinder inner surface shaped platform print the comparison of powder column accumulation mode, figure (a) show schematic diagram for the accumulation of common plane platform shaped charge, figure (b) is that cylinder inner surface shaped platform prints powder column Accumulation mode schematic diagram.
Specific implementation method
A kind of 3D printer suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing of the invention, including cylindric print platform 1, Three stepper motors and printing head 2, wherein three stepper motors are respectively the first stepper motor M1, second stepper motor M2With Third stepper motor M3
The cylindrical shape print platform is rotated around Cylindorical rod, which is parallel to the horizontal plane, and cylindric print platform exists Stepper motor M1Control under rotate;Printing head is located at cylinder interior, and in second stepper motor M2With third stepper motor M3 Control under move, the printing head is in second stepper motor M2Control under moved along rotation axis horizontal, and in third stepping Motor M3Control under it is vertically moving;The using face of the cylindrical shape print platform is cylinder inner surface.
The quantity of the printing head is at least 1, and spout is straight down.
A kind of Method of printing based on the above-mentioned 3D printer suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing, including following step It is rapid:
Solid propellant grain model to be printed is made expansion transformation by step 1, obtains new three-dimensional stereo model;Tool Body are as follows:
Solid propellant grain model is placed in XYZ space rectangular coordinate system first quartile, solid propellant grain mould The axis of type is parallel with X-axis, if the coordinate system is O1;For any section perpendicular to X-axis of solid propellant grain model, The coordinate of symmetrical centre is (x, y, z), and one one coordinates are taken up an official post for (x in section1, y1, z1), which takes up an official post to the section Anticipate any distance be r=√ ((y-y1)2+(z-z1)2);If y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfoldedIf y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfolded
The section of solid propellant grain model includes internal combustion tubulose, internal combustion star, tubulose, wheel shape, dendriform, pipe sleeve Type, dog bone shape, multi-groove shape hole and ellipse.
Step 2 is defined the three-view diagram direction of above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model;Specifically:
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with X-axis and be directed toward X-axis forward direction direction definition be newly The positive apparent direction of three-dimensional stereo model,
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Z axis and be directed toward Z axis forward direction direction definition be newly The overlook direction of three-dimensional stereo model;
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Y-axis and be directed toward Y-axis forward direction direction definition be newly The side-looking direction of three-dimensional stereo model.
Step 3 is placed into Slice Software the above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model for defining three-view diagram direction and cuts Piece, and generate G code;The laying method being placed into Slice Software are as follows:
If the coordinate system of Slice Software is O2, the positive apparent direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In the axis side X To parallel and direction X-axis positive direction, the overlook direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Z-direction it is parallel And it is directed toward the positive direction of Z axis, the side-looking direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Y direction it is parallel and be directed toward Y The positive direction of axis.
G code is input to suitable for the 3D printer of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing by step 4, using printer into Row printing.The 3D printer carries out printing shaping using thermoplastic solid propellant raw material.
It is described in more detail below.
A kind of 3D printer with rotary shaft suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing, this has the 3D of rotary shaft Printer has 3 stepper motor M1、M2、M3;The print platform of the 3D printer with rotary shaft is the inner surface of cylinder, circle Cylinder can be rotated around Cylindorical rod, by stepper motor M1Control, it is proposed that M1The kind of drive between cylinder is gear drive;This has The material of the 3D printer of rotary shaft squeezes out spray head and is in cylinder interior, and spray head is in diametrical direction of the cylinder perpendicular to horizontal plane And spout is downward, and the spray head direction of motion is the axial direction of vertical direction and cylinder, respectively by stepper motor M2And M3Control.It is necessary When printing head can there are two or it is more than two, for printing different raw material.The 3D printer with rotary shaft Structure schematic diagram as shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Fig. 3.
A kind of method using the above-mentioned 3D printer increasing material manufacturing solid propellant with rotary shaft includes following step It is rapid:
Step 1 designs solid propellant grain model with modeling software.Such as 3Dmax, CAD, solidwork are soft Part.The solid propellant grain model has internal combustion tubulose, internal combustion star, tubulose, wheel shape, dendriform, pipe sleeve type, dog bone Type, multi-groove shape hole, this kind of solid propellant grain for having inner hole of ellipse.
Step 2, the solid propellant grain model for designing step 1 make expansion transformation, solid propellant grain model Expansion transform definition is as follows: solid propellant grain model being placed in XYZ space rectangular coordinate system first quartile, solid propellant propulsion The axis of agent powder column model is parallel with X-axis, if the coordinate system is O1.It is right for any section of solid propellant grain model The coordinate at center is referred to as (x, y, z), and one one coordinates are taken up an official post for (x in section1, y1, z1), it is any in the symmetrical centre to the section The distance of any is r=√ ((y-y1)2+(z-z1)2).If y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfoldedIf y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfoldedNew three-dimensional stereo model is obtained by this expansion transformation.Propulsion for tubulose Agent powder column such as Fig. 4, such as Fig. 5 after expansion transformation.
The three-view diagram direction for the new three-dimensional stereo model that step 3, definition step 2 obtain: by new three-dimensional stereo model In O1In it is parallel with X-axis and be directed toward X-axis forward direction direction definition for new three-dimensional stereo model positive apparent direction, by new three-dimensional Three-dimensional model is in O1In it is parallel with Z axis and be directed toward Z axis forward direction direction definition for new three-dimensional stereo model overlook direction, By new three-dimensional stereo model in O1In direction definition parallel with Y-axis and being directed toward Y-axis forward direction be new three-dimensional stereo model Side-looking direction.
Step 4, the new three-dimensional stereo model that step 3 is defined to three-view diagram direction are placed in Printrun, Cura, In the upper computer softwares such as Repetier-Host.If the coordinate system of upper computer software is O2, in O2In the new three-dimensional that is placed it is vertical The positive apparent direction of body Model is wanted and O2In X-direction it is parallel and be directed toward the positive direction of X-axis, new three-dimensional stereo model is bowed Apparent direction is wanted and O2In Z-direction it is parallel and be directed toward the positive direction of Z axis, the side-looking direction of new three-dimensional stereo model is wanted and O2 In Y direction it is parallel and be directed toward the positive direction of Y-axis.Then it is sliced, generates G code, it is proposed that the new three-dimensional is vertical Body Model filling track in Slice Software configuration is straight line, packed density 1, to obtain closely knit having good mechanical property Can propellant charge, propellant charge simplified schematic diagram such as Fig. 6 is formed, for Fig. 6 A due to axially layer upon layer, powder column It is poor along axial mechanical property, and for Fig. 6 B due to being better than A along axial mechanical property.
Step 5, the G code for obtaining step 4 are transferred to the 3D printer described in right 1 with rotary shaft, using heat The solid propellant raw material of plasticity carries out printing shaping.M1Receive the G code of Y-direction movement, M2Receive the G generation of Z-direction movement Code, M3Receive the G code moved from X-direction.For complicated propellant charge, need to print water-soluble branch when necessary Timbering material removes backing material in order to powder column molding and after powder column molding.
Using the 3D printer increasing material manufacturing with rotary shaft solid propellant axially and radially on mechanical property will It is improved largely.
It gives an actual example and is illustrated to the expansion transformation of solid propellant grain model below.
Embodiment 1
It is as shown in Figure 4 r for tubular propellant powder column radius2, internal orifice dimension r1, any point to the section on section The distance of symmetrical centre is r3(r1≤r3≤r2), a length of L.
It is r by powder column cross sectional radius3Locate 2 π r of Zhou Changwei3=L1, dL can be obtained1/dr3=2 π, can by cylindrical body powder column into Row expansion transformation, such as Fig. 5.
Be after powder column expansion transformation right prism that cross section is isosceles trapezoid wherein isosceles trapezoid waist and bottom edge angle theta= 90 ° of-arctant π, upper bottom are 2 π r1, go to the bottom as 2 π r2, a height of r2-r1
The present invention uses the large-sized solid propellant of lesser device fabrication, and the weight and system of molding equipment system are aobvious It writes and reduces.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of Method of printing of the 3D printer suitable for solid propellant increasing material manufacturing, which is characterized in that the 3D printing Machine device, including cylindric print platform (1), three stepper motors and printing head (2), wherein three stepper motors are respectively First stepper motor M1, second stepper motor M2 and third stepper motor M3;
The cylindrical shape print platform is rotated around Cylindorical rod, which is parallel to the horizontal plane, and cylindric print platform is in stepping It is rotated under the control of motor M1;Printing head is located at cylinder interior, and second stepper motor M2's and third stepper motor M3 The lower movement of control, the printing head move under the control of second stepper motor M2 along rotation axis horizontal, and in third stepping electricity It is vertically moving under the control of machine M3;The using face of the cylindrical shape print platform is cylinder inner surface;The printing spray The quantity of head is at least 1, and spout is straight down;
The Method of printing the following steps are included:
Solid propellant grain model to be printed is made expansion transformation by step 1, obtains new three-dimensional stereo model;The expansion Transformation specifically:
Solid propellant grain model is placed in XYZ space rectangular coordinate system first quartile, solid propellant grain model Axis is parallel with X-axis, if the coordinate system is O1;It is symmetrical for any section perpendicular to X-axis of solid propellant grain model The coordinate at center is (x, y, z), and one one coordinates are taken up an official post for (x in section1, y1, z1), it is any one in the symmetrical centre to the section Point distance beIf y1< y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfoldedIf y1>=y, then the coordinate is after transformation is unfolded
Step 2 is defined the three-view diagram direction of above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model;
Step 3 is placed into Slice Software the above-mentioned new three-dimensional stereo model for defining three-view diagram direction and is sliced, and Generate G code;
G code is input to suitable for the 3D printer of solid propellant increasing material manufacturing by step 4, is beaten using printer Print.
2. Method of printing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that three-view diagram of the step 2 to new three-dimensional stereo model Direction is defined specifically:
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with X-axis and be directed toward X-axis forward direction direction definition for new three-dimensional stand The positive apparent direction of body Model,
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Z axis and be directed toward Z axis forward direction direction definition for new three-dimensional stand The overlook direction of body Model;
By new three-dimensional stereo model in coordinate system O1In it is parallel with Y-axis and be directed toward Y-axis forward direction direction definition for new three-dimensional stand The side-looking direction of body Model.
3. Method of printing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 3 is to new three for defining three-view diagram direction Dimension three-dimensional model is placed into the laying method in Slice Software are as follows:
If the coordinate system of Slice Software is O2, the positive apparent direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In X-direction it is parallel And it is directed toward the positive direction of X-axis, the overlook direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Z-direction it is parallel and be directed toward Z The positive direction of axis, the side-looking direction and coordinate system O of new three-dimensional stereo model2In Y direction it is parallel and be directed toward the pros of Y-axis To.
4. Method of printing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the 3D printer in step 4 is using thermoplastic solid Body propellant raw material carries out printing shaping.
5. Method of printing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the section of solid propellant grain model in step 1 Including annular, internal combustion star, dendriform, dog bone shape, multi-groove shape hole and ellipse.
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CN109627133B (en) * 2018-12-05 2021-07-09 湖北航天化学技术研究所 Thermoplastic composite solid propellant and preparation method thereof
CN109438149B (en) * 2018-12-05 2021-06-11 湖北航天化学技术研究所 Thermosetting composite solid propellant and preparation method thereof
CN111333474A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-26 北京星际荣耀空间科技有限公司 Solid propellant and horizontal additive manufacturing method thereof
CN111233593A (en) * 2020-03-13 2020-06-05 北京星际荣耀空间科技有限公司 Vertical additive manufacturing method of solid propellant
CN113836652B (en) * 2021-09-02 2023-08-11 西安近代化学研究所 Python-based star-shaped solid propellant sectional view generation method
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