CN106890965A - Blade casting method - Google Patents

Blade casting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106890965A
CN106890965A CN201510945288.4A CN201510945288A CN106890965A CN 106890965 A CN106890965 A CN 106890965A CN 201510945288 A CN201510945288 A CN 201510945288A CN 106890965 A CN106890965 A CN 106890965A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
crucible
casting
blade
cooling
raw material
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Application number
CN201510945288.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
赵振荣
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QINGDAO SANTONGDE METAL PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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QINGDAO SANTONGDE METAL PRODUCTS Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201510945288.4A priority Critical patent/CN106890965A/en
Publication of CN106890965A publication Critical patent/CN106890965A/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22CFOUNDRY MOULDING
    • B22C3/00Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22DCASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D13/00Centrifugal casting; Casting by using centrifugal force
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/26Methods of annealing
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/0068Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for particular articles not mentioned below
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C14/00Alloys based on titanium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C21/00Alloys based on aluminium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C30/00Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of casting method of blade, using the method cast blade of hot investment casting, its step includes mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, blanking prepares, centrifugal casting, cools down for the first time, second shaping, second cooling, trimming and sandblasting, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) etc..The good elimination factor on engine blade surface and internal flaw ensure that by above-mentioned operation and interior microscopic tissue is more uniform.

Description

Blade casting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to casting field, and in particular to the casting method of engine blade.
Background technology
Titanium alloy density is small, and specific strength is high, corrosion-resistant, due to this series of excellent characteristic, is widely used in aviation boat The aspects such as its industry, energy industry, marine transportation industry.European Space Agency also once started aeronautical research plan, was just intended to Grasp titanium aluminium base alloy blade of aviation engine and gas turbine blades.Aircraft engine thrust-weight ratio is to evaluate present generation aircraft engine One of leading indicator, it has conclusive effect to aeroplane performance.When being currently applied to engine blade, more often The forming method seen is casting method.TiAl-base alloy component, particularly shape are prepared using investment precision casting technology Complicated component, can obtain the accurate complex component without surplus or Near net shape, and metal loss is greatly reduced, and improve material Utilization rate, reduces a large amount of machining man-hours, and production cost is greatly lowered.
More titanium alloy precision casting shell is used at present, is broadly divided into:Graphite shell, tungsten surface layer ceramic shell, oxygen Compound ceramic shell etc..But the parameter designing of the deficiency and casting process due to mould generation type is unreasonable, causes into Piece surface and internal flaw after type compare many.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to propose a kind of casting method of blade;It is that, up to this purpose, the present invention uses following technical scheme: A kind of casting method of blade, including mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, blanking prepare, centrifugal casting, for the first time Cooling, second shaping, second cooling, trimming and sandblasting, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) step;The blade is engine blade, its Material be titanium aluminium niobium alloy, the titanium aluminium niobium alloy composition by weight percentage for 45~48% aluminium, 5~6.8% niobium, 3.1~4.2% magnesium, V:1.2~1.5%, Ta:0.002~0.008%, 0.10~0.28% carbon, balance of titanium and can not keep away The impurity exempted from;
The step of mold design is, using water-soluble core, engine blade to be obtained using the design of existing CAD system CAD model, rapid shaping is carried out using existing quick shaping process, and laser sintered successively sintering diameter is poly- less than 0.1mm Styrene powder, then fusible pattern is obtained after waxdip, the cleaning on surface and inside is then carried out to fusible pattern;
The step of Making mold is that fusible pattern is immersed in investment precoat to be stained with taking-up after 30~45s of slurry, then carries out face Stucco, the drying of layer, obtain formwork, and formwork is put into heating furnace, and 2.5~3h is incubated in being 380~500 DEG C in temperature, Then proceed to heat up for 820~870 DEG C, be incubated 2.5~3h, it is 1050~1150 DEG C to continue to heat up, and is incubated 2.5~3h, so Furnace cooling afterwards obtains mould to room temperature;
The step of raw material melting is that will treat that the raw material of melting are put into crucible, and crucible is placed in the earthenware of vaccum sensitive stove In crucible working chamber, the flushing of 4~8 times is first carried out to crucible for smelting room using inert gas, it is final to keep the true of crucible for smelting room Reciprocal of duty cycle is 10-5~10-3Mbar carries out melting, 10~15min is incubated after the completion of melting so that each element in raw material is uniform;
The step of blanking prepares is to wrap up the mould that Making mold step is obtained, blanking after being preheated, institute with asbestos The temperature for stating preheating is 400~610 DEG C;
The technological parameter of the centrifugal casting is that centrifugal rotational speed is 195rpm~385rpm, and casting time is 6~8s;
The step of first time cools down is air cooling of coming out of the stove, and after core dissolution, cleans part and dries;Described second The step of shaping is that the casting obtained after first time is cooled down is put into and is preheating in 910~990 DEG C of mould, then in heating furnace 1050~1150 DEG C are inside heated to, centrifugal casting is then carried out, centrifugal rotational speed is 195rpm~385rpm;Described second cold But the step of is air cooling of coming out of the stove;The step of trimming and sandblasting is to remove shell using mechanical means, and casting system is cut Remove, technique edges are cut away with water under high pressure, carry out blasting treatment;
The step of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is that the temperature of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 950~990 DEG C, the 100~180MPa of pressure of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP), Dwell time is 3~6 hours.
Preferably, the crucible is water jacketed copper crucible.
Preferably, described inert gas is to the flushing that crucible for smelting room carries out 4~8 times, first crucible for smelting room is vacuumized To 10-5~10-3Mbar, is then charged with argon gas to 10~14mbar, and 10 are then evacuated to again-5~10-3Mbar, so repeatedly altogether 4~8 times.
Preferably, the investment precoat be zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol by stirring, Obtained from standing.
Preferably, in the investment precoat zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol weight portion Ratio is 3.8~4.2:1:0.0004~0.001:0.0006~0.0012.
Preferably, the raw material for treating melting are fine aluminium, niobium aluminium, pure carbon, magnalium intermediate alloy and titanium sponge.As It is preferred that, after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) also include annealing steps, the annealing steps be by the blade after high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) in the lehr 680~710 DEG C, after 60~180min of insulation are heated to, air cooling of coming out of the stove is until room temperature.
Effect of the invention is that:By specific Making mold and design process so that mould meets the specific of engine blade Demand;By the setting of centrifugal casting parameter so that internal flaw is eliminated well;By post forming and secondary cold But so that interior tissue is uniform and stable and causes that internal flaw obtains extraordinary elimination, and ensure that the good of surface defect Good elimination factor;The setting of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) parameter causes that interior microscopic tissue is more uniform;By moving back for specified temp and time Fire treatment so that engine blade has good intensity and toughness.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The casting method of blade, including mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, blanking prepare, centrifugal casting, first Secondary cooling, second shaping, second cooling, trimming and sandblasting, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) step;
The blade is engine blade, and its material is titanium aluminium niobium alloy, and the composition of the titanium aluminium niobium alloy is by weight percentage It is 46% aluminium, 5.8% niobium, 3.8% magnesium, V:1.25%, Ta:0.0028%th, 0.18% carbon, balance of titanium and not Evitable impurity;
The step of mold design is, using water-soluble core, engine blade to be obtained using the design of existing CAD system CAD model, rapid shaping is carried out using existing quick shaping process, and laser sintered successively sintering average diameter is 0.08mm's Fusible pattern is obtained after polystyrene powder, then waxdip, the cleaning on surface and inside is then carried out to fusible pattern;
The step of Making mold is that fusible pattern is immersed in investment precoat to be stained with taking-up after slurry 35s, then carries out surface layer Stucco, drying, obtain formwork, and formwork is put into heating furnace, and 2.6h is incubated in being 480 DEG C in temperature, then proceed to rise Temperature is 850 DEG C, is incubated 2.8h, and it is 1060 DEG C to continue to heat up, and is incubated 2.7h, and then furnace cooling obtains mould to room temperature; The investment precoat is zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol obtained from by stirring, standing; Its weight ratio is 3.9:1:0.0008:0.0009;
The step of raw material melting is that will treat that the raw material of melting are put into water jacketed copper crucible, it is described treat melting raw material be Fine aluminium, niobium aluminium (niobium aluminium intermediate alloy), pure carbon, magnalium intermediate alloy and titanium sponge;Crucible is placed in vaccum sensitive stove In crucible for smelting room, the flushing of 6 times is first carried out to crucible for smelting room using inert gas, be first evacuated to crucible for smelting room 10-5Mbar, is then charged with argon gas to 12mbar, and 10 are then evacuated to again-5Mbar, so repeatedly totally 6 times;It is final to protect The vacuum for holding crucible for smelting room is 3x 10-4Mbar carries out melting, and 14min is incubated after the completion of melting so that in raw material Each element is uniform;
The step of blanking prepares is to wrap up the mould that Making mold step is obtained with asbestos, and blanking after being preheated is described The temperature of preheating is 510 DEG C;
The technological parameter of the centrifugal casting is that centrifugal rotational speed is 285rpm, and casting time is 7s;The first time cooling Step is air cooling of coming out of the stove, and after core dissolution, cleans part and dries;The step of second shaping, is, by for the first time The casting obtained after cooling is put into and is preheating in 985 DEG C of mould, and 1080 DEG C are then heated in heating furnace, then carry out from The heart casts, and centrifugal rotational speed is 355rpm;Described second cold step is air cooling of coming out of the stove;The step of trimming and sandblasting is, Shell is removed using mechanical means, casting system is cut off, technique edges are cut away with water under high pressure, carry out blasting treatment;Described heat etc. The step of static pressure is that the temperature of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 980 DEG C, and the pressure of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 160MPa, and the dwell time is 4.5 small When.
Embodiment 2:
The casting method of blade, including mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, blanking prepare, centrifugal casting, first Secondary cooling, second shaping, second cooling, trimming and sandblasting, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) step;The blade is engine blade, its Material is titanium aluminium niobium alloy, and the composition of the titanium aluminium niobium alloy is 48% aluminium, 5.9% niobium, 3.7% by weight percentage Magnesium, V:1.35%, Ta:0.006%th, 0.28% carbon, balance of titanium and inevitable impurity;
The step of mold design is, using water-soluble core, engine blade to be obtained using the design of existing CAD system CAD model, rapid shaping is carried out using existing quick shaping process, and laser sintered successively sintering average diameter is 0.09mm's Fusible pattern is obtained after polystyrene powder, then waxdip, the cleaning on surface and inside is then carried out to fusible pattern;
The step of Making mold is that fusible pattern is immersed in investment precoat to be stained with taking-up after slurry 38s, then carries out surface layer Stucco, drying, obtain formwork, and formwork is put into heating furnace, and 2.8h is incubated in being 490 DEG C in temperature, then proceed to rise Temperature is 860 DEG C, is incubated 2.7h, and it is 1055 DEG C to continue to heat up, and is incubated 2.8h, and then furnace cooling obtains mould to room temperature Tool;The investment precoat is zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol are obtained by stirring, standing Arrive;Its weight ratio is 4.0:1:0.0009:0.0008;
The step of raw material melting is that will treat that the raw material of melting are put into water jacketed copper crucible, it is described treat melting raw material be Fine aluminium, niobium aluminium (niobium aluminium intermediate alloy), pure carbon, magnalium intermediate alloy and titanium sponge;Crucible is placed in vaccum sensitive stove In crucible for smelting room, the flushing of 5 times is first carried out to crucible for smelting room using inert gas, be first evacuated to crucible for smelting room 10-4Mbar, is then charged with argon gas to 11mbar, and 10 are then evacuated to again-4Mbar, so repeatedly totally 5 times;It is final to protect The vacuum for holding crucible for smelting room is 5x 10-4Mbar carries out melting, and 18min is incubated after the completion of melting so that in raw material Each element is uniform;
The step of blanking prepares is to wrap up the mould that Making mold step is obtained with asbestos, and blanking after being preheated is described The temperature of preheating is 520 DEG C;
The technological parameter of the centrifugal casting is that centrifugal rotational speed is 295rpm, and casting time is 10s;The first time cooling The step of be air cooling of coming out of the stove, after core dissolution, cleaning part simultaneously dry;The step of second shaping, is, by first The casting obtained after secondary cooling is put into and is preheating in 995 DEG C of mould, and 1070 DEG C are then heated in heating furnace, is then carried out Centrifugal casting, centrifugal rotational speed is 365rpm;Described second is air cooling of coming out of the stove the step of cooling;The trimming and sandblasting Step is to remove shell using mechanical means, and casting system is cut off, and technique edges are cut away with water under high pressure, carries out blasting treatment; The step of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is that the temperature of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 990 DEG C, and the pressure of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 165MPa, dwell time It is 4.6 hours.
Embodiment 3:The casting method of blade, including mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, blanking prepare, centrifugation Casting, first time cooling, second shaping, second cooling, trimming and sandblasting, high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) step;The blade is Engine blade, its material is titanium aluminium niobium alloy, and the composition of the titanium aluminium niobium alloy is 45.2% aluminium, 6.0% by weight percentage Niobium, 3.9% magnesium, V:1.45%, Ta:0.0068%th, 0.38% carbon, balance of titanium and inevitable impurity; The step of mold design is, using water-soluble core, the CAD of engine blade to be obtained using the design of existing CAD system Model, rapid shaping is carried out using existing quick shaping process, and laser sintered successively sintering average diameter is poly- for 0.07mm's Styrene powder, then fusible pattern is obtained after waxdip, the cleaning on surface and inside is then carried out to fusible pattern;The step of Making mold For, fusible pattern is immersed in investment precoat after being stained with slurry 42s and taken out, stucco, the drying of surface layer are then carried out, formwork is obtained, Formwork is put into heating furnace, 2.6h is incubated in being 490 DEG C in temperature, then proceed to heat up for 850 DEG C, be incubated 2.6h, It is 1052 DEG C to continue to heat up, and is incubated 2.6h, and then furnace cooling obtains mould to room temperature;The investment precoat is oxidation Zirconium, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol are obtained from by stirring, standing;Its weight ratio is 4.1:1:0.0007:0.0007;The step of raw material melting is that will treat that the raw material of melting are put into water jacketed copper crucible In, the raw material for treating melting are fine aluminium, niobium aluminium (niobium aluminium intermediate alloy), pure carbon, magnalium intermediate alloy and titanium sponge; Crucible is placed in the crucible for smelting room of vaccum sensitive stove, the flushing of 4 times is first carried out to crucible for smelting room using inert gas, Crucible for smelting room is first evacuated to 10-4Mbar, is then charged with argon gas to 11mbar, and 10 are then evacuated to again-4Mbar, such as This is totally 4 times repeatedly;The vacuum of final holding crucible for smelting room is 10-4Mbar carries out melting, and 19min is incubated after the completion of melting, So that each element in raw material is uniform;
The step of blanking prepares is to wrap up the mould that Making mold step is obtained with asbestos, and blanking after being preheated is described The temperature of preheating is 530 DEG C;
The technological parameter of the centrifugal casting is that centrifugal rotational speed is 298rpm, and casting time is 11s;The first time cooling The step of be air cooling of coming out of the stove, after core dissolution, cleaning part simultaneously dry;Described second is the step of shaping, by the The casting obtained after once cooling down is put into and is preheating in 994 DEG C of mould, 1072 DEG C is then heated in heating furnace, then Centrifugal casting is carried out, centrifugal rotational speed is 368rpm;Described second is air cooling of coming out of the stove the step of cooling;The trimming and The step of sandblasting is to remove shell using mechanical means, and casting system is cut off, and technique edges are cut away with water under high pressure, carries out sandblasting Treatment;
The step of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is that the temperature of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 992 DEG C, and the pressure of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 168MPa, is protected The pressure time is 4.8 hours.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of casting method of blade, it is characterised in that including mold design, Making mold, raw material melting, Blanking preparation, centrifugal casting, first time cooling, second shaping, for the second time cooling, trimming and sandblasting, it is hot Isostatic pressed step;The blade is engine blade, and its material is titanium aluminium niobium alloy, the titanium aluminium niobium alloy Composition is 45~48% aluminium, 5~6.8% niobium, 3.1~4.2% magnesium, V by weight percentage:1.2~1.5%, Ta:0.002~0.008%, 0.10~0.28% carbon, balance of titanium and inevitable impurity;The mould sets The step of meter is, using water-soluble core, the CAD of engine blade to be obtained using the design of existing CAD system Model, rapid shaping is carried out using existing quick shaping process, and laser sintered successively sintering diameter is less than 0.1mm Polystyrene powder, then after waxdip be obtained fusible pattern, then fusible pattern is carried out surface with inside cleaning;The mould The step of tool manufacture is that fusible pattern is immersed in investment precoat to be stained with taking-up after 30~45s of slurry, then carries out surface layer Stucco, be dried to obtain formwork, formwork is put into heating furnace, temperature be 380~500 DEG C in be incubated 2.5~3h, then proceedes to heat up for 820~870 DEG C, is incubated 2.5~3h, and it is 1050~1150 DEG C to continue to heat up, 2.5~3h of insulation, then furnace cooling obtains mould to room temperature;The step of raw material melting is, will be fusion The raw material of refining are put into crucible, crucible are placed in the crucible for smelting room of vaccum sensitive stove, first using indifferent gas Body carries out the flushing of 4~8 times to crucible for smelting room, and the vacuum of final holding crucible for smelting room is 10-5~10-3mbar Melting is carried out, 10~15min is incubated after the completion of melting so that each element in raw material is uniform;The blanking prepares The step of be to wrap up the mould that obtains of Making mold step with asbestos, blanking after being preheated, the preheating Temperature is 400~610 DEG C;The technological parameter of the centrifugal casting is that centrifugal rotational speed is 195rpm~385rpm, Casting time is 6~8s;The step of first time cools down is air cooling of coming out of the stove, after core dissolution, cleaning zero Part is simultaneously dried;Described second is that the casting obtained after first time is cooled down is put into and is preheating to the step of shaping In 910~990 DEG C of mould, 1050~1150 DEG C are then heated in heating furnace, then carry out centrifugal casting, Centrifugal rotational speed is 195rpm~385rpm;Described second is air cooling of coming out of the stove the step of cooling;The trimming and The step of sandblasting is to remove shell using mechanical means, and casting system is cut off, and technique edges are cut away with water under high pressure, Carry out blasting treatment;The step of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is that the temperature of high temperature insostatic pressing (HIP) is 950~990 DEG C, and heat etc. is quiet The pressure of pressure is 100~180MPa, and the dwell time is 3~6 hours.
2. the casting method of blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the crucible is water-cooled Copper crucible.
3. the casting method of blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described indifferent gas Body is that crucible for smelting room first is evacuated into 10 to the flushing that crucible for smelting room carries out 4~8 times-5~10-3Mbar, Argon gas to 10~14mbar is then charged with, 10 are then evacuated to again-5~10-3Mbar, so repeatedly totally 4~8 It is secondary.
4. the casting method of blade according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the investment precoat Be zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol by stirring, stand obtained from.
5. the casting method of blade according to claim 4, it is characterised in that in the investment precoat The weight ratio of zirconium oxide, two acetic acid zirconiums, AEO and n-butanol is 3.8~4.2:1: 0.0004~0.001:0.0006~0.0012.
CN201510945288.4A 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Blade casting method Pending CN106890965A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510945288.4A CN106890965A (en) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Blade casting method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201510945288.4A CN106890965A (en) 2015-12-17 2015-12-17 Blade casting method

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106890965A true CN106890965A (en) 2017-06-27

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Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
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Country Status (1)

Country Link
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Application publication date: 20170627