CN106885989B - Modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to intelligent tire - Google Patents
Modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to intelligent tire Download PDFInfo
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- CN106885989B CN106885989B CN201710136709.8A CN201710136709A CN106885989B CN 106885989 B CN106885989 B CN 106885989B CN 201710136709 A CN201710136709 A CN 201710136709A CN 106885989 B CN106885989 B CN 106885989B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/34—Testing dynamo-electric machines
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Abstract
The invention discloses a modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to an intelligent tire, which comprises a frame body, a driving motor, a driving shaft and a simulation hub, wherein the driving motor, the driving shaft and the simulation hub are assembled on the frame body, the driving motor is connected with the driving shaft through a coupler, an electric slip ring is sleeved on the driving shaft, the rear end of the driving shaft is connected with the simulation hub, the driving motor drives the simulation hub to synchronously rotate through the driving shaft, a non-contact vibration exciter, a laser displacement sensor, a force sensor and a piezoelectric cantilever beam are assembled on the simulation hub, and signal wires of the non-contact vibration exciter, the laser displacement sensor, the force sensor and the piezoelectric cantilever beam are all connected with wires on a rotor of the electric slip ring. The beneficial effects are that: the energy harvesting device can be rapidly developed, the mode can be changed along with the change of the vehicle speed, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is kept in a resonance state at any time, the energy conversion efficiency and the working vehicle speed range of the energy harvesting device are improved, and the practicability is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy harvesting device test bed, in particular to a modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to an intelligent tire.
Background
Tires are an important component of automobile components. The force between the automobile and the ground is transmitted through the tire. Therefore, the acquisition of the acting forces and the acquisition of the acting forces as reference data and control parameters of the active safety system have important significance for driving safety. Currently, many tire manufacturers are working on developing intelligent tires with sensors through which numerous parameters including temperature, pressure, wheel revolutions are obtained.
The existing mode of powering the sensor is mostly active, i.e. the sensor is powered by installing a lithium battery. The disadvantage of this method is that: because the sensor is installed inside the tire, the operation of replacing the battery is complicated, and the practicability of the device is reduced. Meanwhile, energy generated by vibration of the tire is greatly wasted, so that the problem can be solved by converting the energy in the tire into electric energy to be supplied to the sensor. The conversion of mechanical energy of wheel vibrations into electrical energy using piezoelectric materials is a passive energy supply that has been widely studied in recent years. The power supply mode mainly utilizes the positive piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, namely, when the piezoelectric material vibrates along with the wheels, the shape of the piezoelectric material changes, so that electric energy is generated. The electric energy generated by the sensor is collected and can be supplied to the sensor for use after rectification.
However, the efficiency of energy conversion by piezoelectric effect is extremely low, and a considerable output of electric energy can be achieved only by ensuring that the beam structure made of piezoelectric material is in a resonance state. The existing energy harvesting device can only realize energy conversion and output under a single vehicle speed, and when the vehicle speed changes, the mode of a beam structure cannot change along with the vehicle speed, so that the beam structure cannot be in a resonance state, and therefore electric energy can not be output almost, and normal work cannot be performed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low energy conversion efficiency, strict working condition requirements, poor practicability, difficult development caused by the fact that a real vehicle is required to be used in test and development of an energy harvesting device and the like of the existing energy harvesting device.
The invention provides a modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to an intelligent tire, which comprises a frame body, a driving motor, a driving shaft and a simulation hub, wherein the driving motor, the driving shaft and the simulation hub are assembled on the frame body, the driving motor is connected with the driving shaft through a coupler, an electric slip ring is sleeved on the driving shaft, the rear end of the driving shaft is connected with the simulation hub, the driving motor drives the simulation hub to synchronously rotate through the driving shaft, a non-contact vibration exciter, a laser displacement sensor, a force sensor and a piezoelectric cantilever beam are assembled on the simulation hub, signal wires of the non-contact vibration exciter, the laser displacement sensor, the force sensor and the piezoelectric cantilever beam are all connected with wires on a rotor of the electric slip ring, and signals of the non-contact vibration exciter, the laser displacement sensor, the force sensor and the piezoelectric cantilever beam can be received through wires on a stator of the electric slip ring, so that the circulation of signals of a rotating body is realized.
The driving motor is a servo motor.
The lower extreme of simulation wheel hub still is equipped with the balancing weight, and the position and the weight of balancing weight can be adjusted.
The force sensor is installed on the simulation hub through the first bracket, the groove on the first bracket is used for limiting the force sensor, the force sensor is installed through the first countersink by utilizing the screw, the force sensor and the simulation hub are fixedly connected through two second countersink on the first bracket and two first extension holes on the simulation hub by utilizing the bolt and the nut, the vertical installation position of the first bracket can be adjusted through the first extension holes, thereby the installation of piezoelectric cantilever beams with different lengths and the centrifugal force applied to the piezoelectric cantilever beams are adapted, the piezoelectric cantilever beams are installed on the force sensor through the second bracket, the gap on the second bracket is used for clamping the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beams, the two square nut holes and the two third countersink which are arranged on the second bracket are used for installing two pairs of bolt and nut, the gap on the second bracket is reduced by the two pairs of bolt and nut, the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is clamped, the groove at the lower end of the second bracket is used for limiting the force sensor, and the second bracket is fixedly connected to the force sensor through the fourth countersink by utilizing the screw
The laser displacement sensor is installed on the simulation wheel hub through the third support, two holes in the third support are used for installing the laser displacement sensor, two square nut grooves are used for plugging square nuts, the third support is fixedly connected with the simulation wheel hub through a second extension hole in the simulation wheel hub by using screws, the vertical position of the laser displacement sensor can be adjusted through the second extension hole, and therefore piezoelectric cantilever beams with different lengths are adapted, and vibration displacement of the free ends of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is effectively measured.
The non-contact vibration exciter is arranged on the simulation hub through the fourth bracket, the fixing connection of the fourth bracket and the simulation hub is realized through two fifth countersunk holes on the fourth bracket and a plurality of third extension holes on the simulation hub by using bolts and nuts, the holes on the fourth bracket are used for installing the non-contact vibration exciter, the square nut holes on the fourth bracket and the opposite sixth countersunk holes are used for installing a pair of bolts and nuts, the hole diameter of the holes is reduced, the non-contact vibration exciter is clamped, and the installation positions of the non-contact vibration exciter in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted by the plurality of third extension holes on the simulation hub, so that reliable and effective vibration excitation on piezoelectric cantilever beams with different sizes is realized.
The driving motor, the non-contact vibration exciter, the laser displacement sensor, the force sensor and the piezoelectric cantilever beam provided by the invention are all assembled by the existing equipment, so specific models and specifications are not further described.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the running process of the vehicle, the wheels are excited by uneven ground to generate vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged in the wheels, and the piezoelectric cantilever beams are excited by the vibration to generate vibration, so that the vibration energy of the wheels can be converted into electric energy to be supplied to the sensors in the intelligent tires. The larger the vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is, the more energy is converted, so that more electric energy can be converted if the piezoelectric cantilever beam is ensured to resonate at each vehicle speed. However, the vibration frequency of the wheel is varied, and as the wheel speed increases, the vibration frequency of the wheel increases. The piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged along the radial direction of the simulation hub, and the centrifugal force can be utilized to act as the axial force of the piezoelectric cantilever beams, so that the natural frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is improved, the mode of the piezoelectric cantilever beams can be dynamically changed, the piezoelectric cantilever beams are adapted to the vibration of wheels, and the piezoelectric cantilever beams can resonate under various vehicle speeds.
When corresponding tests are carried out, the controller outputs a rotating speed driving signal determined by the test working conditions to enable the driving motor to continuously rotate according to the designated rotating speed. The driving motor drives the simulation hub to synchronously rotate through the coupler and the driving shaft. The rotation of the simulation hub drives the non-contact vibration exciter, the laser displacement sensor, the force sensor and the piezoelectric cantilever beam which are arranged on the simulation hub to rotate around the axis. In this way, the rotation of the wheels of the vehicle at each speed can be simulated.
The non-contact vibration exciter can adjust the longitudinal and transverse positions of the non-contact vibration exciter through a plurality of third extension holes, so that the non-contact vibration exciter is opposite to the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam. The non-contact vibration exciter generates exciting force of specified frequency to the piezoelectric cantilever beam according to working condition requirements, and the piezoelectric cantilever beam is affected by the exciting force to generate forced vibration. The fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is fixedly connected with the force sensor through the second bracket, and when the piezoelectric cantilever beam is acted by centrifugal force, the acting force can be measured through the force sensor.
The laser displacement sensor is adjusted to the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever through the second extension hole. And the device is used for measuring the vibration displacement of the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam.
And comprehensively analyzing the electric energy output of the piezoelectric cantilever beam, and judging whether the piezoelectric cantilever beam works in a resonance state or not according to the centrifugal force born by the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the free end displacement of the piezoelectric cantilever beam measured by the laser displacement sensor, wherein the centrifugal force is applied to the piezoelectric cantilever beam and the free end displacement of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is measured by the laser displacement sensor. Therefore, the test bed can develop and test the designed modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed adopts a closed-loop servo motor system, has accurate rotation speed control, and can accurately simulate the rotation speed of wheels at various vehicle speeds. The size is simplified, the rotational inertia is reduced, the quick start braking can be realized, the test time is saved, the power requirement on the driving motor is reduced, and the cost is reduced. The piezoelectric cantilever beam, the force sensor, the non-contact vibration exciter and the mounting hole site of the laser displacement sensor are specially designed on the simulation hub, so that the position adjustment of the components can be realized, and the universality of the test bed is improved. The non-contact vibration exciter is adopted to excite the piezoelectric cantilever beam in a vibration way, so that the structure form of exciting the piezoelectric cantilever beam is simplified. The displacement of the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever beam is measured by adopting the laser displacement sensor, so that the measuring precision is high and the response speed is high. The energy harvesting device can be rapidly developed, the mode can be changed along with the change of the vehicle speed, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is kept in a resonance state at any time, the energy conversion efficiency and the working vehicle speed range of the energy harvesting device are improved, and the practicability is enhanced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the whole structure of the test stand according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exploded view of a dummy hub and test components thereon according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a first bracket structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a second bracket structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a third bracket according to the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of a fourth bracket according to the present invention.
1. Frame body 2, driving motor 3, driving shaft 4, simulation wheel hub 5 and shaft coupling
6. Electric slip ring 7, non-contact vibration exciter 8, laser displacement sensor 9 and force sensor
10. Piezoelectric cantilever beam 11, balancing weight 12, first bracket 13 and first counter bore
14. A second counter bore 15, a first elongated bore 16, a second bracket 17, a third counter bore
18. Fourth counter bore 19, third support 20, second elongate bore 21, fourth support
22. A fifth counter bore 23, a third elongate bore 24, a sixth counter bore.
Detailed Description
Please refer to fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6:
the invention provides a modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to an intelligent tire, which comprises a frame body 1, a driving motor 2, a driving shaft 3 and a simulation hub 4, wherein the driving motor 2, the driving shaft 3 and the simulation hub 4 are assembled on the frame body 1, the driving motor 2 is connected with the driving shaft 3 through a coupler 5, an electric slip ring 6 is sleeved on the driving shaft 3, the rear end of the driving shaft 3 is connected with the simulation hub 4, the driving motor 2 drives the simulation hub 4 to synchronously rotate through the driving shaft 3, the simulation hub 4 is assembled with a non-contact vibration exciter 7, a laser displacement sensor 8, a force sensor 9 and a piezoelectric cantilever beam 10, signal wires of the non-contact vibration exciter 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, the force sensor 9 and the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 are connected with wires on a rotor of the electric slip ring 6, and signals of the non-contact vibration exciter 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, the force sensor 9 and the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 can be received through the wires on a stator of the electric slip ring 6, so that the signals of the rotating body can be circulated.
The driving motor 2 is a servo motor.
The lower end of the simulation hub 4 is also provided with a balancing weight 11, and the position and weight of the balancing weight 11 can be adjusted.
The force sensor 9 is arranged on the simulation hub 4 through the first bracket 12, the groove on the first bracket 12 is used for limiting the force sensor 9, the force sensor 9 is arranged through the first countersink 13 by utilizing a screw, the force sensor 9 and the simulation hub 4 are fixedly connected through two second countersink 14 on the first bracket 12 and two first extension holes 15 on the simulation hub 4 by utilizing a bolt and a nut, the vertical installation position of the first bracket 12 can be adjusted by the first extension holes 15, thereby adapting to the installation of piezoelectric cantilevers 10 with different lengths and the centrifugal force applied by the installation, the piezoelectric cantilevers 10 are arranged on the force sensor 9 through the second bracket 16, the gap on the second bracket 16 is used for clamping the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilevers 10, the two square nut holes and the two third countersink 17 arranged on the second bracket 16 are used for installing two pairs of bolt and nut, the gap on the second bracket 16 is reduced by the two pairs of bolt and nut, the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilevers 10 is clamped, the groove at the lower end of the second bracket 16 is used for limiting the force sensor 9, and the piezoelectric cantilevers 10 are fixedly connected to the force sensor 9 through the fourth countersink 16 by utilizing the fourth bracket 18
The laser displacement sensor 8 is installed on the simulation wheel hub 4 through the third support 19, two holes in the third support 19 are used for installing the laser displacement sensor 8, two square nut grooves are used for plugging square nuts, the third support 19 and the simulation wheel hub 4 are fixedly connected through a second extension hole 20 in the simulation wheel hub 4 by using screws, the vertical position of the laser displacement sensor 8 can be adjusted through the second extension hole 20, and therefore the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 with different lengths are adapted, and vibration displacement of free ends of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is effectively measured.
The non-contact vibration exciter 7 is installed on the simulation wheel hub 4 through the fourth support 21, the fixing connection of the fourth support 21 and the simulation wheel hub 4 is realized through two fifth counter sunk holes 22 on the fourth support 21 and a plurality of third extension holes 23 on the simulation wheel hub 4 by utilizing bolts and nuts, the holes on the fourth support 21 are used for installing the non-contact vibration exciter 7, square nut holes on the fourth support 21 and opposite sixth counter sunk holes 24 are used for installing a pair of bolts and nuts, the aperture of the holes is reduced, the non-contact vibration exciter 7 is clamped, and the installation positions of the non-contact vibration exciter 7 in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction can be adjusted by the plurality of third extension holes 23 on the simulation wheel hub 4, so that reliable and effective vibration excitation of piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 with different sizes can be realized.
The driving motor 2, the non-contact vibration exciter 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, the force sensor 9 and the piezoelectric cantilever 10 provided by the invention are all assembled by the existing equipment, so specific models and specifications are not further described.
The working principle of the invention is as follows:
in the running process of the vehicle, the wheels are excited by uneven ground to generate vibration, the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 is arranged in the wheels, and the piezoelectric cantilever beam is excited by the vibration to generate vibration, so that the vibration energy of the wheels can be converted into electric energy to be supplied to the sensors in the intelligent tires. The larger the vibration of the piezoelectric cantilever 10, the more energy is converted, and therefore, if the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is ensured to resonate at each vehicle speed, more electric energy can be converted. However, the vibration frequency of the wheel is varied, and as the wheel speed increases, the vibration frequency of the wheel increases. The piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 are arranged along the radial direction of the simulation hub 4, and the centrifugal force can be used for acting as the axial force of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10, so that the natural frequency of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 is improved, the mode of the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 can be dynamically changed, the piezoelectric cantilever beams are adapted to the vibration of wheels, and the piezoelectric cantilever beams 10 can resonate under various vehicle speeds.
When corresponding tests are carried out, the controller outputs a rotating speed driving signal determined by the test working conditions to enable the driving motor 2 to continuously rotate at a specified rotating speed. The driving motor 2 drives the simulation hub 4 to synchronously rotate through the coupling 5 and the driving shaft 3. The rotation of the simulation hub 4 drives the non-contact vibration exciter 7, the laser displacement sensor 8, the force sensor 9 and the piezoelectric cantilever 10 which are arranged on the simulation hub to rotate around the axis. In this way, the rotation of the wheels of the vehicle at each speed can be simulated.
The non-contact vibration exciter 7 can adjust its longitudinal and transverse positions by means of a plurality of third elongated holes 23 so as to be opposite to the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10. The non-contact vibration exciter 7 generates exciting force of specified frequency to the piezoelectric cantilever 10 according to working condition requirements, and the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is affected by the exciting force to generate forced vibration. The fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is fixedly connected with the force sensor 9 through a second bracket 16, and when the piezoelectric cantilever 10 is subjected to centrifugal force, the acting force can be measured through the force sensor 9.
The laser displacement sensor is tuned to the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10 through a second elongated aperture 20 by 8. For measuring the vibrational displacement of the free end of the piezoelectric cantilever 10.
The electric energy output of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 is comprehensively analyzed, and the centrifugal force borne by the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 and measured by the force sensor 9 and the free end displacement of the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 measured by the laser displacement sensor 8 can be used for judging whether the piezoelectric cantilever beam 10 works in a resonance state or not, and whether modal self-adaption is realized or not. Therefore, the test bed can develop and test the designed modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device.
Claims (3)
1. The utility model provides a be applied to intelligent tire's mode self-adaptation energy harvesting device test bench, which comprises a frame body, driving motor, drive shaft and analog hub, wherein driving motor, drive shaft and analog hub assemble on the support body, driving motor passes through shaft coupling and drive shaft connection, the cover is equipped with electric slip ring on the drive shaft, the rear end of drive shaft is connected with analog hub, driving motor drives analog hub through the drive shaft and carries out synchronous rotation, last non-contact vibration exciter that is equipped with of analog hub, laser displacement sensor, force transducer and the piezoelectric cantilever beam, non-contact vibration exciter, laser displacement sensor, force transducer and the signal line of piezoelectric cantilever beam all are connected with the electric wire on the electric slip ring rotor, can receive non-contact vibration exciter through the electric wire on the electric slip ring stator, laser displacement sensor, force transducer and the signal of piezoelectric cantilever beam, realize the circulation of rotator signal, the piezoelectric cantilever beam is arranged along analog hub's radial direction, its characterized in that: the force sensor is arranged on the simulation hub through a first bracket, a groove on the first bracket is used for limiting the force sensor, the force sensor is arranged through a first countersink by using a screw, the force sensor and the simulation hub are fixedly connected through two second countersink on the first bracket and two first extension holes on the simulation hub by using a bolt and a nut, the vertical installation position of the first bracket can be adjusted by the first extension holes, so that the force sensor is suitable for the installation of piezoelectric cantilever beams with different lengths and the centrifugal force applied to the piezoelectric cantilever beams, the piezoelectric cantilever beams are arranged on the force sensor through the second bracket, the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is clamped by using the gaps on the second bracket, the two square nut holes and the two third countersink are arranged on the second bracket, the gaps on the second bracket are reduced by using the two pairs of bolt and nut, the fixed end of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is clamped by using the screw, and the groove at the lower end of the second bracket is used for limiting the force sensor; the laser displacement sensor is arranged on the simulation hub through a third bracket, two holes on the third bracket are used for installing the laser displacement sensor, two square nut grooves are used for plugging square nuts, the third bracket is fixedly connected with the simulation hub through a second extension hole on the simulation hub by using screws, and the vertical position of the laser displacement sensor can be adjusted through the second extension hole, so that the laser displacement sensor is suitable for piezoelectric cantilever beams with different lengths, and vibration displacement of the free ends of the piezoelectric cantilever beams is effectively measured; the non-contact vibration exciter is arranged on the simulation hub through the fourth bracket, the fixing connection of the fourth bracket and the simulation hub is realized through two fifth countersunk holes on the fourth bracket and a plurality of third extension holes on the simulation hub by using bolts and nuts, the holes on the fourth bracket are used for installing the non-contact vibration exciter, the square nut holes on the fourth bracket and the opposite sixth countersunk holes are used for installing a pair of bolts and nuts, the hole diameter of the holes is reduced, the non-contact vibration exciter is clamped, and the installation positions of the non-contact vibration exciter in the horizontal and vertical directions can be adjusted by the plurality of third extension holes on the simulation hub, so that reliable and effective vibration excitation on piezoelectric cantilever beams with different sizes is realized.
2. The modal adaptive energy harvesting device test stand applied to intelligent tires as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the driving motor is a servo motor.
3. The modal adaptive energy harvesting device test stand applied to intelligent tires as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the simulation hub is also provided with a balancing weight, and the position and the weight of the balancing weight can be adjusted.
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| CN201710136709.8A CN106885989B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to intelligent tire |
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| CN201710136709.8A CN106885989B (en) | 2017-03-09 | 2017-03-09 | Modal self-adaptive energy harvesting device test bed applied to intelligent tire |
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| CN106885989B true CN106885989B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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