CN106884653A - Azimuthal electrodes, drill collar and measuring method for measurement while drilling - Google Patents
Azimuthal electrodes, drill collar and measuring method for measurement while drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106884653A CN106884653A CN201710172169.9A CN201710172169A CN106884653A CN 106884653 A CN106884653 A CN 106884653A CN 201710172169 A CN201710172169 A CN 201710172169A CN 106884653 A CN106884653 A CN 106884653A
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002500 effect on skin Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B49/00—Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/16—Drill collars
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
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- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of azimuthal electrodes, drill collar and measuring method, belong to underground Detection Techniques field, and in particular to a kind of azimuthal electrodes for measurement while drilling, drill collar and measuring method.Including：Electrode layer, its surface is a globoidal structure, and its middle part is provided with downward projection；Installing matrix, for wrapping up and fixing the electrode layer, its middle part is provided with the groove being engaged with the projection；Insulating barrier, between the electrode layer and installing matrix, for the electrode layer that insulate.Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：Therefore, the invention has the advantages that：1st, electrode and installing matrix are consolidated by strong cohesive insulation material, and be effectively fixed on the groove of drill collar in axially and radially going up electrode by the installing matrix and protection ring of particular design, is prevented effectively from electrode and loosens；2., by multiple tracks wear-resistant strip protection structure, the abrasion of electrode is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an azimuth electrode, a drill collar and a measuring method, belongs to the technical field of underground detection, and particularly relates to an azimuth electrode, a drill collar and a measuring method for measurement while drilling.
Background
Resistivity logging is the earliest and most commonly used method in logging, and has so far played an irreplaceable role in the work of dividing the geological profile of a well and judging lithology. The while-drilling azimuthal resistivity borehole wall imaging technology is developed on the basis of the traditional cable measurement technology, and is an imaging measurement method capable of measuring the resistivity of formations in different azimuths around a borehole in real time in the drilling process.
With the continuous improvement and the large-scale application of the drilling technology of horizontal wells, extended reach wells and three-dimensional multi-target wells, the rotary steering closed-loop drilling technology is the development direction of drilling tools of the well track control technology in future, the azimuth resistivity imaging technology is applied to the rotary steering tool, and the geological steering and stratum evaluation requirements of complex reservoirs such as cracks, thin layers and the like can be met.
The azimuth electrode is a very important component in the resistivity logging equipment, and is mainly used for measurement of different sectors in the well circumferential direction. However, the azimuth electrode in the prior art is easy to wear and loosen in the drilling process, the service life of the electrode is influenced, the measurement efficiency and the measurement precision are reduced, and even underground safety accidents are caused by falling of the electrode into the well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly solves the technical problems of short service life of an electrode, low measurement efficiency and precision and influence on safe drilling caused by abrasion, looseness and falling of the azimuth electrode in the drilling process in the prior art, and provides an azimuth electrode, a drill collar and a measurement method for measurement while drilling. The electrode, the drill collar and the measuring method can effectively prevent the electrode from being worn and loosened through the specially designed electrode structure and the protection ring matched with the electrode.
The technical problem of the invention is mainly solved by the following technical scheme:
an azimuth electrode for while-drilling azimuthal resistivity measurements, comprising:
the surface of the electrode layer is of an arc surface structure, and the middle part of the electrode layer is provided with a downward bulge;
the mounting base body is used for wrapping and fixing the electrode layer, and a groove matched with the bulge is formed in the middle of the mounting base body;
and the insulating layer is positioned between the electrode layer and the mounting substrate and is used for insulating the electrode layer.
Preferably, the electrode layer and the mounting substrate are filled with a strong-bonding insulating material, so that the electrode and the mounting substrate form a consolidated whole.
Preferably, the mounting base body is respectively provided with flanges which can be embedded into grooves of the drill collar body at two sides along the axial direction of the drill collar, and each flange is fixed in threaded holes which are axially arranged on the drill collar body through a nail hole.
Preferably, the azimuth electrode for measuring the azimuthal resistivity while drilling further comprises an azimuth electrode protection ring, the azimuth electrode protection ring is mounted in a groove formed in the drill collar body on two sides of the azimuth electrode, two sides of the middle position of the azimuth electrode protection ring are respectively provided with a flange, the inner flange covers the flange of the azimuth electrode mounting base body, and the outer flange is embedded in a groove formed in the drill collar body in the axial direction.
Preferably, the azimuth electrode for measuring the azimuthal resistivity while drilling is provided with the wear-resistant belt on the inner flange of the azimuth electrode protection ring.
Preferably, after the azimuth electrode is installed on the drill collar, the exposed circumferential length of the azimuth electrode accounts for 1/6 of the circumferential perimeter of the drill collar.
A drill collar for measuring the orientation resistivity while drilling comprises any one of the orientation electrodes.
The method for measuring the orientation resistivity while drilling adopts the drill collar.
Therefore, the invention has the following advantages: 1. the electrode and the mounting base body are consolidated by the strong bonding insulating material, and the specially designed mounting base body and the protection ring effectively fix the electrode in the groove of the drill collar in the axial direction and the radial direction, so that the electrode is effectively prevented from loosening; 2. the abrasion of the electrode is prevented through a plurality of wear-resistant belt protection structures.
Drawings
FIG. 1-1 is the overall structure of the borehole wall imaging device of azimuthal resistivity while drilling; FIG. 1-2 is a partial view 1 of FIG. 1-1; FIGS. 1-3 are partial views 2 of FIGS. 1-1;
FIG. 2-1 is an appearance view of the structure of the upper body unit II; FIG. 2-2 is a view of a partially circumferentially deployed position of the measurement circuit;
FIG. 3-1 shows an electrode structure of the electric buckle; FIG. 3-2 is a top view of FIG. 3-1;
FIG. 4-1 is a view of an integrated mounting and protection cover plate structure of an electric buckle electrode; FIG. 4-2 is a bottom view of FIG. 4-1;
FIG. 5-1 is an external view of the structure of the lower main body measurement unit VI; FIG. 5-2 is a partially circumferentially expanded position view of the measurement circuit of FIG. 5-1;
FIG. 6-1 is a K-K view of the azimuth electrode and its guard ring structure in FIG. 5-1; FIG. 6-2 is an L-L view of the azimuth electrode and its guard ring structure in FIG. 5-1; FIG. 6-3 is an M-M view of the azimuth electrode and its guard ring structure in FIG. 5-1; 6-4 are top views of the azimuth electrode and its mounting substrate; fig. 6-5 are top views of an azimuth electrode and its guard ring after installation.
FIG. 7-1 shows the structure of an intermediate communication unit III; FIG. 7-2 is a right side view of FIG. 7-1;
FIG. 8-1 is the upper saver sub I; fig. 8-2 shows the lower protective joint V.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
Example (b):
the invention provides a rotary-steering borehole wall imaging device with orientation resistivity while drilling, which mainly comprises a non-magnetic drill collar, a slurry channel, an exciting coil system, an electric buckling electrode system, an orientation electrode system, a monitoring coil, a measuring circuit and a control and storage electronic circuit unit.
First, the device overall structure
In this embodiment, the overall structure of the device is shown in fig. 1, and for convenience of description, the device structure is divided into five parts from top to bottom: the device comprises an upper protection joint I, an upper main body measuring unit II, a middle communicating unit III, a lower main body measuring unit IV and a lower protection joint V.
1. Upper body measuring unit II
2-1 and 2-2 are external views of the structure of the upper main body measuring unit II and a circumferential expansion position diagram of a measuring circuit part thereof. The upper main body measurement unit II mainly comprises: the device comprises an electric connection structure 201 for realizing power supply and communication with other upper instruments, an upper transmitting coil T1, a middle transmitting coil T2, an upper electric buckle electrode B1, a middle electric buckle electrode B2, a lower electric buckle electrode B3, a main control and orientation gamma measurement circuit board D1, a large-capacity memory circuit board D2, a system power supply board D3, a transmitting and electric buckle electrode measurement circuit board D4 (note: the actual circuit board is not shown in the figure and is represented by the installation position), and a data port T for setting and reading.
The upper transmitting coil T1 and the lower transmitting coil T2 are both of annular structures, are axially arranged on the drill collar, and are respectively provided with two leads which enter the circuit cabin through the line holes ht1 and ht 2.
An annular protective radome 203 and an annular protective radome 206 are arranged outside the coil, and each radome is composed of two parts, and an insulating ring 202 and an insulating ring 207 are arranged between the two parts. In the drilling process, in order to reduce the abrasion of the well wall to the radome and the insulating tape, the wear-resistant tape 204 and the wear-resistant tape 205 are added on the outer wall of the drill collar near the radome for protection.
When alternating current is introduced into the exciting coil, voltage is induced on two sides of the drill collar coil, and the voltage difference is the driving voltage V divided by the number of turns N of the coil.
The upper electric buckle electrode B1, the middle electric buckle electrode B2 and the lower electric buckle electrode B3 are all composed of three parts: a mounting base 301, an electrode 302 and an insulating ring 303, as shown in fig. 3, the electrode has a diameter of 7.5mm, the insulating ring has a thickness of 2mm-5mm, and the mounting base is provided with a thread 304. For convenient consideration of installation and maintenance, each electric buckle electrode is manufactured independently, and then three electric buckle electrodes are integrally installed and fixed on a cover plate, as shown in fig. 4, an end face sealing groove 401 and a plurality of screw holes are formed in the cover plate, the cover plate is fixedly connected with the drill collar body through screws, and an O-shaped sealing ring installed in the end face sealing groove 401 ensures the isolation of the annular borehole inside the cover plate and outside the drill collar. Each electric buckle electrode is provided with a lead wire, and the lead wires are converged through the axial wire passing groove 402 on the bottom surface of the cover plate and then enter the circuit mounting groove C1 from the wire passing hole h12 of the mounting groove CB.
The arrangement of the main control and azimuth gamma measuring circuit board, the large-capacity memory circuit board, the system power supply board and the transmitting and electric buckle electrode measuring circuit board is shown in a circuit part circumferential expansion position diagram shown in fig. 2-2, only the size and the position relation of a circuit mounting groove are given in the diagram, the circuit boards can be respectively mounted in a groove C1, a groove C2, a groove C3 and a groove C4, the mounting positions can be exchanged according to actual requirements, and communication and power supply communication are realized among the circuit boards through wire passing holes h11, h21, h22, h31, h41 and the like. The protection of each circuit board adopts a structure similar to that of the electric buckle electrode protection cover plate, the circuit board is isolated from the outside by end face sealing, and the circuit board is fixedly connected with the drill collar body by a plurality of screws.
The circuit system of the upper main body measuring unit is communicated with the upper electric connection structure 201 through the wire passing hole hM in the groove C1, the electric communication with the setting and reading data port T is realized through the wire passing hole H13 in the groove C1, the electric communication with the circuit system of the lower main body measuring unit is realized through the wiring window W1 in the groove C3 and the wire passing hole H1 (or H2) of the middle communication unit III, the space is effectively utilized, and the wiring difficulty can be reduced.
22. Lower body measuring unit IV
Fig. 5-1 and 5-2 are external views of the structure of the lower main body measurement unit VI and its circumferentially expanded position diagram of the measurement circuit part. The method mainly comprises the following steps: the system comprises a middle monitoring coil M0, a lower emission coil T3, a lower monitoring coil M2, an azimuth electrode Az1, an azimuth electrode Az2, an azimuth electrode Az3 and an azimuth electrode Az4, a transmitting and azimuth electrode measuring circuit board D5, an azimuth and tool face measuring circuit board D6, an azimuth gamma detecting tube D7, two double-C batteries D8 (note: the actual circuit boards and other actual images are not shown in the figure and are represented by mounting positions), and a wiring window W2.
The middle monitoring coil M0, the lower transmitting coil T3 and the lower monitoring coil M2 are all of annular structures, are axially arranged on the drill collar and are respectively provided with two leads, and the leads enter the circuit cabin through the line passing holes hm0, ht3 and hm 2. An annular antenna housing 502 and an annular antenna housing 506 are arranged outside the coil to protect the coil M0, the coil T3 and the coil M2, wherein the antenna housing 506 is shared by the coil T3 and the coil M2, and the antenna housing is composed of two parts, and an insulating ring 501 and an insulating ring 507 are arranged between the two parts. In the drilling process, in order to reduce the abrasion of the well wall to the radome and the insulating tape, a wear-resistant tape 505 is added on the outer wall of the drill collar near the radome for protection.
When the collar current flows up or down, coil M0 is monitored, and the current induced in coil M2 is the collar axial current divided by the number of turns of the coil.
The azimuth electrode Az1, the azimuth electrode Az2, the azimuth electrode Az3 and the azimuth electrode Az4 are all composed of three parts: mounting substrate 601, insulation 602 and electrode 603, as shown in FIG. 6 (K-K, L-L and M-M views in the figure show cross-sectional views at the locations shown in FIG. 5-1), electrode 603 has an exposed circumferential length of 1/6 of the circumferential perimeter, the insulation has a thickness of 2mm to 5mm, and two radial seals 604 are provided on mounting substrate 601 to ensure isolation from the external high pressure annulus. The two sides of the mounting base body along the axial direction of the drill collar are respectively provided with a flange 605 which can be embedded into a groove cAy on the drill collar body, and meanwhile, a screw hole 606 is arranged in each side flange and is fixed through two corresponding screw holes LhA which are axially arranged on the drill collar body. Each azimuth electrode is provided with a lead wire, and the lead wires are converged through tangential wire through holes hA2, hA3 and hA4 in the drill collar wall and then enter the circuit chamber from two axial long holes H3 in the drill collar wall. For convenience in installation and maintenance, each azimuth electrode is manufactured independently, during installation, four azimuth electrodes are independently installed and fixed in the groove CA1, the groove CA2, the groove CA3 and the groove CA4, then the protection rings 503 and the protection rings 504 are installed on two sides of each azimuth electrode, 8 quarter-circle azimuth electrode protection rings are provided, and each azimuth electrode protection ring is fixed by installing fastening screws in two threaded holes LhP on the drill collar body. Wherein, the annular part 607 of the azimuth electrode protection ring 504 is arranged in the groove CAP of the drill collar body and can bear the axial acting force; two sides of the middle position of the protective ring are respectively provided with a flange, wherein one flange 608 can cover the flange of the azimuth electrode to protect the flange of the azimuth electrode and a fastening screw thereof, and the other flange 609 is embedded into a groove cPy on the drill collar body to bear circumferential tangential acting force; while an axial wear strip 610 is added in the middle to protect the azimuth electrodes.
The azimuth measurement is to obtain the relative azimuth of the detector, and if the earth-magnetic north is used as a reference, the azimuth measurement circuit generates an azimuth pulse signal for reading and accumulating the azimuth zone count every 90 ° of rotation of the rotary steerable tool. The position of the azimuth sensor and the detector are fixed, when the instrument rotates to the positions of 0 degrees, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees relative to the magnetic north, the output values of the corresponding two-axis azimuth sensor are different, the data of the two axes can be judged in software, the angle value does not need to be calculated, and when the four angle positions are reached, an interrupt pulse signal is generated to control the start and stop of the counter.
The arrangement of the transmitting and azimuth electrode measuring circuit board, the azimuth and tool surface measuring circuit board, the azimuth gamma detecting tube and the two double C batteries is shown in a partial circumferential expansion position diagram of the measuring circuit of the figure 5-2, only the size and the position relation of a circuit mounting groove are given in the diagram, the circuit mounting grooves are respectively mounted in a groove C5, a groove C6, a groove C7 and a groove C8, and power supply and communication are achieved through wire through holes hc5, hc6, hc7 and hc8 in the drill collar wall. The protection of the circuit board, the sensor and the battery pack adopts a structure similar to that of a protective cover plate of an electric buckle electrode.
And the lower main body measuring unit circuit system is electrically communicated with the upper main body measuring unit circuit system through an axial long hole H3 in the drill collar wall, a wiring window W2 and a wire through hole H1 (or H2) of the intermediate communication unit III.
3. Intermediate communication unit III
The intermediate communication unit III is structurally shown in FIG. 7, and has the function of realizing mechanical connection and electric communication between the upper main body measuring unit II and the lower main body measuring unit IV. The through holes H1 and H2 are wire passing holes between the upper and lower main body measuring units; four seal grooves are respectively arranged at two ends, namely a seal groove 701, a seal groove 702, a seal groove 703 and a seal groove 704, and a seal groove 705, a seal groove 706, a seal groove 707 and a seal groove 708; a sealing cavity is formed between every two sealing rings at each end and an inner hole of the drill collar of the upper main body measuring unit and the lower main body measuring unit, and the positions of the sealing cavities correspond to the wiring window W1 of the upper main body measuring unit and the wiring window W2 of the lower main body measuring unit respectively, and wiring is finished at the positions; an axial wear-resistant tape 709 is arranged on the outer wall of the drill collar at the middle position to protect the antenna housing 206 and the insulating tape 207 of the middle transmitting coil T2 positioned at two sides of the middle communication unit III, and the antenna housing 502 and the insulating tape 501 of the middle monitoring coil M0.
4. Upper protective joint I and lower protective joint V
As shown in fig. 8, the upper protective joint I is a female-male buckle structure, the lower protective joint V is a double-male buckle structure, and a wear-resistant belt is disposed at one end close to the main body measurement unit. In the drilling process, the measuring instrument is frequently tripped out and used, if the protective joint is not arranged, the upper end buckle of the upper main body measuring unit II or the lower end buckle of the lower main body measuring unit IV can be damaged, the buckles need to be repaired, even the measuring instrument drill collar needs to be replaced, the hidden danger of instrument damage exists, and the cost is obviously increased if the instrument drill collar is replaced. If install the protection and connect, in normal use, go up main part measuring unit II's upper end knot or lower main part measuring unit IV's lower extreme knot and need not to dismantle, only dismantle the upper end box of protection joint I and the lower extreme of protection joint V detain, if this two protection detains has the damage, direct change connect can, it is convenient to maintain, with low costs.
Second, rotating state azimuth resistivity borehole wall imaging measurement method
In this embodiment, the three (3) excitation coils T1, T2 and T3 can be combined into 9 operation modes (see table 1), each mode can obtain three (3) electrical buckle resistivities (B1, B2 and B3), three (4) azimuthal resistivities (Az1, Az2, Az3 and Az4), and three (9) measurements of 1 equivalent ring electrode resistivity and 1 bit resistivity, that is, a total of 81 apparent resistivity curves can be obtained in an operation state. The 81 apparent resistivity curves have mostly overlapped detection depths and different curve forms, but not every curve can visually reflect the formation resistivity, the curves meeting the requirements can be selected as the basis of drilling decision or later formation evaluation according to the design requirements and the borehole influence, and a referable output selection mode is given in table 2.
TABLE 1 9 working modes under rotation state
| Mode(s) | Schema definition |
| T1 | T1 transformer power supply |
| T2 | T2 transformer power supply |
| T3 | T3 transformer power supply |
| AT1T2 | The T1 and T2 transformers simultaneously supply AC with the same frequency and amplitude and 180 degrees of phase difference |
| AT1T3 | The T1 and T3 transformers simultaneously supply AC with the same frequency and amplitude and 180 degrees of phase difference |
| AT2T3 | The T2 and T3 transformers simultaneously supply AC with the same frequency and amplitude and 180 degrees of phase difference |
| CT1T2 | T1, T2 variantsThe pressure device being measured in a focused manner |
| CT1T3 | T1, T3 transformers are measured in focus |
| CT2T3 | T2, T3 transformers are measured in focus |
TABLE 2 measurement mode and output
In this embodiment, corresponding apparent resistivity values can be obtained according to a specific algorithm corresponding to different operating modes and measurement parameters.
Indicating the current measured by the electrode in this mode, e.g.Represents the electrode current measured in mode m, where m can be 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9; the ed electrodes may be B1, B2, B3, Az1, Az2, Az3, Az4, M0, M2, M0B, and M2B (analog monitoring transformers under the buckle electrode and coil T2, respectively, for numerical calculation), r (ring electrode).
Representing the view of the electrode ed measured in mode mResistivity of
Wherein,is the value of K, V, of electrode ed in mode mTFor the voltage value, the apparent resistivity in each operation mode can be calculated from equations (2) to (11).
m＝1：
m＝2：
m＝3：
m＝4：
m＝5：
m＝6：
m＝7：
m＝8：
m＝9：
Formula (2) to formula (11) whereinAndin order to measure the quantity directly,is the derived quantity.
In this embodiment, the electrical buckle electrode resistivity imaging resolution is closely related to the electrical buckle diameter and the circumferential split (electrical buckle electrode sampling point per week) toRepresenting the drilling speed per minute, n is the number of circumferential splits,to resolve the angle circumferentially, thenRepresenting the maximum time interval for sampling a split. In the resistivity imaging measurement work, the excitation frequency is required to be lower for reducing the skin effect influence, but different measurement modes are realized by a frequency division mode for the electrical buckle imaging measurement, a certain frequency bandwidth is occupied, and the appropriate excitation frequency can be selected according to the actual measurement requirement.
The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (8)
1. An azimuthal electrode for use in azimuthal resistivity measurements while drilling, comprising:
the surface of the electrode layer is of an arc surface structure, and the middle part of the electrode layer is provided with a downward bulge;
the mounting base body is used for wrapping and fixing the electrode layer, and a groove matched with the bulge is formed in the middle of the mounting base body;
and the insulating layer is positioned between the electrode layer and the mounting substrate and is used for insulating the electrode layer.
2. The azimuthal electrode of claim 1, wherein the insulating space between the electrode layer and the mounting substrate is filled with a strong adhesive insulating material, so that the electrode and the mounting substrate are a consolidated whole.
3. The azimuthal electrode for azimuthal resistivity measurement while drilling according to claim 1, wherein the mounting substrate is provided with flanges on two sides along the axial direction of the drill collar, the flanges can be embedded into grooves of the drill collar body, and each flange is fixed in a threaded hole axially arranged on the drill collar body through a nail hole.
4. The azimuth electrode for while-drilling azimuthal resistivity measurement as claimed in claim 1, further comprising an azimuth electrode guard ring, wherein the azimuth electrode guard ring is mounted in a groove formed in the collar body on both sides of the azimuth electrode, and a flange is respectively arranged on both sides of the middle position of the azimuth electrode guard ring, wherein the inner flange covers the flange of the azimuth electrode mounting base body, and the outer flange is embedded in a groove formed in the collar body along the axial direction.
5. The azimuth electrode for while-drilling azimuthal resistivity measurement as claimed in claim 4, wherein the inner flange of the azimuth electrode guard ring is provided with a wear resistant strip.
6. The azimuth electrode for azimuthal resistivity measurement while drilling of claim 1, wherein the exposed circumferential length of the azimuth electrode, when mounted on the drill collar, occupies 1/6 of the circumference of the drill collar.
7. A drill collar for azimuthal resistivity measurement while drilling comprising an azimuthal electrode according to any preceding claim.
8. A method of azimuthal resistivity measurement while drilling, characterized in that a drill collar according to claim 6 is used.
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| CN201710172169.9A CN106884653B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Orientation electrode, drill collar and measurement method for measurement while drilling |
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| CN201710172169.9A CN106884653B (en) | 2017-03-22 | 2017-03-22 | Orientation electrode, drill collar and measurement method for measurement while drilling |
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| CN106884653B CN106884653B (en) | 2020-08-11 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107178362A (en) * | 2017-07-26 | 2017-09-19 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of oil/gas drilling gas cut early detection device based on impedance bioelectrical measurement |
| CN109424358A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2019-03-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | High-power resistivity logging while drilling sender unit |
| CN111550233A (en) * | 2020-06-16 | 2020-08-18 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Method for detecting formation boundaries |
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