CN106883821B - The compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative and preparation method of modified dyskinetic dust and application - Google Patents

The compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative and preparation method of modified dyskinetic dust and application Download PDF

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CN106883821B
CN106883821B CN201710073099.1A CN201710073099A CN106883821B CN 106883821 B CN106883821 B CN 106883821B CN 201710073099 A CN201710073099 A CN 201710073099A CN 106883821 B CN106883821 B CN 106883821B
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dust
layer
surfactant
derivative
compound resistance
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CN106883821A (en
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吕爱民
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BEIJING JIANXIANG JIAYE DAILY NECESSITIES Co Ltd
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BEIJING JIANXIANG JIAYE DAILY NECESSITIES Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1692—Other shaped material, e.g. perforated or porous sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/24—Organic non-macromolecular coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative for being modified dyskinetic dust and preparation method and application, compound resistance dirt material is prepared according to the sequence of surface layer, middle layer and inner layer using ultrasonic compressing technology by surfactant fibrous layer, polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer.Wherein: surfactant fibrous layer is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber by sodium alkyl sulfate and derivative, sodium metasilicate and derivative, glycine betaine and derivative or sodium metaaluminate and derivative and is formed, and " inorganic respiration dust " is modified to " inorganic dyskinetic dust " by the compound resistance dirt material and product which is prepared into；Or be sprayed on the surface of polyester fiber by sorbierite and derivative, alkyl glycosides and derivative, carboxylate and derivative or tapioca and derivative and formed, " organic respirable dust " is modified to " organic dyskinetic dust " by the compound resistance dirt material and product which is prepared into.

Description

The compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative and preparation method of modified dyskinetic dust and application
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative for being modified dyskinetic dust and preparation method and applications, specifically Be related to it is a kind of " respirable dust " can be modified to the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative of " dyskinetic dust " and preparation method thereof with Using.
Background technique
Pneumoconiosis is the occupational disease that China endangers most serious at present and has a large capacity and a wide range, and is the irreversible cause that can not be cured Residual property disease, and cause pneumoconiosis immediate cause be connect dirt personnel suck " respirable dust " and in lung retention cause macrophage Cellularity pneumonia, dust cell granuloma and dust cause pulmonary fibrosis.In addition there are metal and its compound powder pneumoconiosis thesaurismosis, Other respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease caused by irritation chemicals, hard metal tuberculosis endanger the strong of the mankind Health.The even bad weathers such as haze also bring various adverse effects, such as PM to the respiratory tract of people2.5Particulate matter (surrounding air Middle aerodynamics equivalent diameter is less than or equal to 2.5 μm of particulate matter, is included in pellet PM10Among, it is PM10 A part), it is very big to human health and Atomspheric Environmental.
" respirable dust " includes inorganic dust and organic dust.Inorganic dust is mainly mineral dust, also includes gold Belong to dust and artificial inorganic dust: silicious dust: referring to the dust that free silica content is greater than 10%, such as coal mine driving, non-coal Mining, rock mining, the dust generated in tunnelling, silicious dust is that biological activity is most strong, most to human health damage Big dust；Silicic acid salt dirt: asbestos, talcum, mica, kaolin, cement dust belong to such, wherein most heavy with asbestos dust It wants, such dust, which removes, contains SiO2Outside, also containing chemical elements such as Mg, Fe, Ca, A1；Carbonaceous dust: coal dust, carbon black, graphite, The dust such as coaly activated carbon；Metallic dust: the smog generated when metal smelt, electric welding, such as aluminium, iron, tin, lead, zinc, beryllium, copper Metal and its compound dust；Nonmetallic dust: such as quartz, marble, shale, lime stone；Artificial inorganic dust: such as Buddha's warrior attendant Sand, glass fibre, artificial mineral cotton, mineral wool, rock wool, mineral wool etc..Organic dust is mainly agricultural production, organic chemistry work The dust generated in the production process of the industries such as industry, medicine is mostly the albumen and organic chemistry material of animals and plants, to the shadow of health It rings and mainly causes body anaphylactia, such as occupational asthma, sequoiosis, organic dust can be divided into regard to its property It is several below: vegetable dust, such as wood dust, cigarette, grass, cotton, fiber crops, cereal, tea, sugarcane, Chinese medicine, traditional instrument, shell, food addition The dust such as agent；Animal dust, such as poultry hair, feather, angle powder, leather, sclerotin dust；Artificial organic dust, as organic dyestuff, The dust such as medicine, vegetable active charcoal dust, artificial organic fibre.
" respirable dust " aerodynamic diameter is at 7.07 μm hereinafter, aerodynamic diameter 5 μm of powder dust particles Sampling efficiency is 50%, referred to as exhales dirt (GBZ 2.1-2007 term and definition 3.8).Dust diameter can reach at 5-10 μm The tracheal wall of human body, dust diameter below can reach alveolar region (fibre-less respiratory bronchiole, breathing, alveolar at 5 μm Capsule), this dust is only able to achieve human body to the very harmful of human body, but when the diameter of dust is at 10 μm or more Pharynx nasalis.If this " respirable dust " can be modified, it is allowed to that the lung of contactee cannot be entered, then not only can Pneumoconiosis is avoided, the harm that the bad weathers such as haze are brought can also be reduced.
When the present invention contacts " respirable dust " and L3035- type or the high cumulative of V1223- type compound resistance dirt material product Stick cohesion, and then can be by the modified list for being agglomerated into the scale of construction and being greater than 10 μm or more of this polydispersion dust less than 10 μm Disperse dust, monodisperse dust of this scale of construction greater than 10 μm or more cannot reach alveolar region, be defined as " dyskinetic dust ", letter Claim " barrier dirt ".After " respirable dust " to be modified to " dyskinetic dust ", dyskinetic dust particle cannot enter alveolar region, It can be to avoid suffering from pneumoconiosis or respiratory disease to make to connect dirt personnel.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to be directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of modified obstacle Property dust the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative preparation method, surfactant and filter material fiber, electrostatic fibre and essence are filtered Material cladding together, to be prepared into the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative.
It, should the second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound resistance dirt material of the high cumulative being prepared by the above method " respirable dust " can be modified to " dyskinetic dust " by the high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a kind of application of above-mentioned high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative.
To achieve the goals above, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
Present invention firstly provides a kind of compound resistance dirt materials of high cumulative for being modified dyskinetic dust, by surfactant fiber Layer, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer successively utilize ultrasonic fusing pressure according to the sequence of surface layer, middle layer and inner layer (as shown in Figure 1) that conjunction technology is prepared:
The surfactant fibrous layer is by sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine Or derivatives thereof, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, alkyl glycosides or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or its Any one in derivative or tapioca or derivatives thereof is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber or polyester fiber and shape At；
Surface layer, middle layer and inner layer of the present invention refer to surfactant fibrous layer, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoro Sequence of the vinyl fiber layer when being pressed；It uses in practical application, surfactant fibrous layer can be used as outer layer, is poly- Tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer can also be used as outer layer use.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the outside of the surfactant fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer can be with Compound layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2.According to service condition, determine that outer layer is living for surface When property agent fibrous layer, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of surfactant fibrous layer；And determining outer layer is polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer When, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer；Non-woven fabrics is located at outermost in final use, and purposes is print Show product technology information, not filtration.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the surfactant fibrous layer, with a thickness of 0.40mm~0.70mm, density are as follows: warp To 220 260/10cm, broadwise/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer be polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer, thickness are as follows: 0.40m, m~0.45mm, density are as follows: through to 180 220/10cm, broadwise/10cm；
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, with a thickness of 0.10mm~0.20mm, density: through to 210/10cm, broadwise 170/10cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the surfactant fibrous layer is preferably by sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, silicon Any one in sour sodium and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative, sodium metaaluminate and its derivative is according to 4g-6g/m2's Ratio is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber and is formed；This kind high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative is for manufacturing " inorganic respiration Dust " is modified to the products such as anti-dust mask or manufacture filter element, dust filtering chip, the filtrate product of " inorganic dyskinetic dust " Aspect；The anti-dust mask is preferably suction-self filtering type against particle respirator, coal mine self-suction dust filter mask, gold Category smelting industry self-suction dust filter mask, the anti-dust mask of metal and nonmetallic mineral rock mining and its product industry, Building, building materials, repairs profession anti-dust mask, the outdoor anti-PM in workplace2.5The anti-dust mask of particulate matter, daily protection type mouth Cover, disposable demifacet anti-dust mask.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the surfactant fibrous layer is preferably by sorbierite and its derivative, alkyl sugar Any one in glycosides and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its derivative is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio Example is sprayed on the surface of polyester fiber and is formed；This kind high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative is for manufacturing " organic respiratory powder Dirt " is modified to the products sides such as anti-dust mask or manufacture filter element, dust filtering chip, the filtrate product of " organic dyskinetic dust " Face；The anti-dust mask is preferably suction-self filtering type against particle respirator, and agriculture woods, is herded, secondary, fishing animals and plants product industry Anti-dust mask, the outdoor anti-PM in workplace2.5The anti-dust mask of particulate matter, daily protective mask, the dust-proof mouth of disposable demifacet Cover.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation methods of above-mentioned high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, comprising the following steps:
(1) it prepares the molten object of surfactant: after heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant being added in water, stir 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten object of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The weight of the water is 2~3 times of surfactant weight；
The additive amount of the adhesive is the 0.2wt%-0.5wt% of surfactant；
The surfactant be sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or its spread out Biology, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, alkyl glycosides or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, Or any one in tapioca or derivatives thereof；
The adhesive are as follows: agar, pectin, furcellaran, any one in sodium alginate, the viscosity of adhesive is 3 ~5CPS.
(2) prepare surfactant fibrous layer: the molten object of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 4g-6g/m2Proportion Uniform drying after being sprayed to polypropylene fiber (PP) or the surface polyester fiber (PE), obtains surfactant fibrous layer；
(3) prepare the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative: surfactant fibrous layer that step (2) is obtained, electrostatic fibre layer, Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is successively put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder according to the sequence of surface layer, middle layer and inner layer In, it presses through a ultrasonic fusing up to the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative；
The condition of the ultrasonic fusing pressing are as follows: ultrasonic frequency 15KHz, air pressure 6-8Mpa, power are 4200 watts (the ultrasonic compressing machine, supersonic wave welder are commonly used in the art, of the existing technology or commercially available Ultrasonic compressing machine)；
The surfactant fibrous layer, with a thickness of 0.40mm~0.70mm, density are as follows: through to 260/10cm, latitude To 220/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer, thickness are as follows: 0.40mm~0.45mm, density are as follows: through to 220/10cm, broadwise 180 Root/10cm；
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, with a thickness of 0.10mm~0.20mm, density: through to 210/10cm, broadwise 170/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer is polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), the molten object of surfactant for being sprayed on polypropylene fiber surface is alkylsurfuric acid Appointing in the molten object of sodium or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or derivatives thereof, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof It anticipates one kind.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), be sprayed on PET fiber surface the molten object of surfactant be sorbierite or It is any in the molten object of its derivative, alkyl glycosides or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, tapioca or derivatives thereof It is a kind of.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (3), the surfactant fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer Outside is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, method particularly includes: nonwoven is arranged in surfactant fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) It is put into behind the outside of fibrous layer in ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder, presses through a ultrasonic fusing up to described The high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative；
The non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2。
The principle of the present invention are as follows:
1. there is the high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative the effective gravitation of collection Van der Waals, the effective gravitation of Casimir, liquid bridge effectively to draw Power and the effective gravitation of electrostatic " gravitation of quaternity, which is reunited, increases function ", " respirable dust " is in the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative Cohesion occurs under the action of " quaternity gravitation, which is reunited, increases function ", sticks, so that modification is agglomerated into " dyskinetic dust ". (as shown in Figure 2)
When " 2. respirable dust " particle and the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative, dust particles surface loop around aqueous vapor film By high cumulative it is compound resistance dirt material surfactant puncture, make dust particles 20nm the effective gravitation of short distance Van der Waals and Primary, secondary aggregation occurs under the effective graviational interaction of intermediate range Casimir of 100nm；Dust particles surface loop around aqueous vapor film and After air in the high compound resistance dirt material gap of cumulative is extruded, in the lipophilic group molecule and hydrophilic group molecule point of surfactant Not Zuo Yong under, oiliness dust particles or non-oily dust particles with positive and negative charge effectively draw in 2~3 μm of medium-long range liquid bridge Power and 0.1 μm -- sticked under 10 μm of the effective graviational interaction of long-range electrostatic by the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative, so that partial size is small It is greater than 10 μm or more the monodisperse " barriers that not can enter alveolar region in 10 μm of polydispersion " respirable dust " modified partial size that is agglomerated into Impenetrability dust ".(as shown in Figure 2)
3. according to " inorganic respiration dust " and " organic respirable dust " different physicochemical characteristics, with contact force It learns the mechanism of action and synthesis change is carried out to filtering material property and dust particles surface, by common filtering material to the " single of dust One filter efficiency function " is modified as being combined into " four with Van der Waals force, Casimir gravitation, liquid bridge gravitation and electrostatic attraction collection The gravitation of one, which is reunited, increases function ", with " gravitation of quaternity, which is reunited, increases function " by polydispersion " respirable dust " Being modified to the scale of construction not can enter the monodisperse " dyskinetic dust " of alveolar region greater than 10 μm or more, be to anti-dust mask technical standard Field causes " filter efficiency " of high-drag theoretical by pursuing high filtration merely, to " resistance dirt effect " new reason of macro aggregate lower resistance By the innovation revolution (as shown in Figure 2) of, new technology.
The technology of the present invention novelty is:
(1) surfactant fibrous layer can puncture dust particles surface loop and be allowed to agglomerate around aqueous vapor film, and surface is living Property agent fiber coat absorption wet air and the wetting of characteristics of contaminated respiratory droplets moisture generate a large amount of intensive small foam particle groups, foam grain Subgroup sprawls extensively in fiber layer surface and meets with dust, rapidly moistens dust under liquid bridge graviational interaction, sticks, change of reuniting Greatly to 10 μm or more；
(2) electrostatic fibre layer is capable of the dust of pull-in range ± electrostatic charge；
(3) polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer can filter fine solid particle for smart filtering material；
(4) after respirable dust modification is agglomerated into " dyskinetic dust " greater than 10 μm by the present invention, because its scale of construction is huge It is allowed to that human body alveolar region cannot be reached by tracheae, meeting dirt personnel can be to avoid suffering from pneumoconiosis or respiratory disease.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1: the structural schematic diagram of the compound resistance dirt material of the high cumulative of the present invention；
Fig. 2: " respirable dust " is modified to the power schematic diagram of " dyskinetic dust " by the present invention；
Fig. 3: the structural schematic diagram of the dyskinetic dust test device of Z-10 type in the embodiment of the present invention；
Wherein: 1 is surfactant fiber, and 2 be electrostatic fibre, and 3 be polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, and 4 be respirable dust, 5 It is the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative for dyskinetic dust, 6,7 be the fan for sending out dirt, and 8 be dust transport platform, and 9 be active clapboard, 10 be the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative or anti-dust mask or filter element, dust filtering chip, filtrate product, and 11 be the wind of air-breathing Fan, 12 be humidifier, and 13 be Dust Testing Instrument, and 14 test storehouse for respirable dust, and 15 test storehouse for dyskinetic dust.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment of technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited in being described below Hold:
Embodiment 1:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, is prepared by following methods:
(1) it prepares the molten object of surfactant: after heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant being added in water, stir 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten object of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The additive amount of the water is 2.5 times of surfactant；
The additive amount of the adhesive is the 0.3wt% of surfactant；
The surfactant is sodium alkyl sulfate；
The adhesive is agar (can also be using any one in pectin, furcellaran, sodium alginate)；
(2) prepare surfactant fiber: the molten object of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 5g/m2Proportion it is equal Even is sprayed to polypropylene fibre surface, obtains surfactant fiber；
(3) the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative: surfactant fiber, the electrostatic fibre, poly- four that step (2) is obtained is prepared Vinyl fluoride fiber is put into supersonic wave welder (model: JY-110-100) according to the sequence of surface layer, middle layer and inner layer, through primary Ultrasonic fusing presses to get the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative；
The condition of the ultrasonic compressing are as follows: ultrasonic frequency 15KHz, air pressure 6-8Mpa, power are 4200 watts；
The surfactant fibrous layer, with a thickness of 0.40mm~0.70mm, density are as follows: through to 260/10cm, latitude To 220/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer, thickness are as follows: 0.40mm~0.45mm, density are as follows: through to 220/10cm, broadwise 180 Root/10cm；
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, with a thickness of 0.10mm~0.20mm, density: through to 210/10cm, broadwise 170/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer is polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer.
The compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is the compound resistance dirt material of the high cumulative of L3035-A type, should Material is suitable for modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust: coal dust, carbon powder dust, precipitating SiO2(white carbon black), silicon carbide dust, carbon Fibre dust or close dust.
Embodiment 2:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 1, different The type for being surfactant is sodium metasilicate, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is that L3035-B type is high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust: silicious dust, silica dust, Marble dust, Zeolite dust, rare earth dust, vermiculite dust, barite dust, fluorite mixed dust, dolomite powder or close dust.
Embodiment 3:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 1, different The type for being surfactant is glycine betaine, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is that L3035-C type is high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust: aluminium dirt, grinding wheel grind dirt, metallic dust, glass Glass comminuted steel shot dirt, tin and its compound dust, iron and its compound dust, antimony and its compound dust, hard metal dust, mica Dust or close dust.
Embodiment 4:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 1, different The type for being surfactant is sodium metaaluminate, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is L3035-D type The high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust: cement dust, wollastonite dust, silicon Diatomaceous earth dust, Talc-dust, Gypsum dust, graphite dust, asbestos dust, lime stone dust, bentonite dust, man-made glass matter Fibre dust, mineral wool dust, mineral wool dust, Rock wool dust or close dust.
Embodiment 5:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 1, different It is surfactant is sorbierite, and the molten object of surfactant is sprayed to terylene surface；The high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is compound Resistance dirt material designation is the compound resistance dirt material of the high cumulative of V1223-A type, which is suitable for modified following organic dyskinetic dust: Tea dirt, Grain Dust, numb dirt, cotton dirt, mulberry silk dirt, tobacco dust or close dust.
Embodiment 6:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 5, different The type for being surfactant is alkyl glycosides, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is V1223-B type The high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following organic dyskinetic dust: phenolic resin dust, polypropylene powder Dirt, polyacrylonitrile fibre dust, polyvinyl chloride dust, polythylene dust or close dust.
Embodiment 7:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 5, different The type for being surfactant is carboxylate, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is that V1223-C type is high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following organic dyskinetic dust: plant active carbon dust, washing powder are mixed Close dirt or close dust.
Embodiment 8:
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative being modified dyskinetic dust, preparation method is same as Example 5, different The type for being surfactant is tapioca, and the compound resistance dirt material designation of the high cumulative that the present embodiment obtains is V1223-D type The high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material are suitable for modified following organic dyskinetic dust: wood dust, fur dust or close powder Dirt.
Application Example: respirable dust is modified to the test of dyskinetic dust
1, the dyskinetic dust test device (as shown in Figure 3) of Z-10 type:
The main body of the dyskinetic dust test device is a cabinet, interior to be divided into two independent storehouses by partition Body: respirable dust tests storehouse 14 and dyskinetic dust tests storehouse 15；
Channel is offered in the middle part of the partition, institute of the present invention is placed in the side that channel is located at respirable dust test storehouse 14 The compound resistance dirt material 10 of the high cumulative stated or the product made of high cumulative compound resistance dirt material 10 are one side closed by channel, channel The fan 11 of air-breathing is installed positioned at the side in dyskinetic dust test storehouse 15；
The respirable dust test outer placed on top in storehouse 14 has humidifier 12, offers blow vent at the top of warehouse, The end of the gas pipeline of humidifier is goed deep into storehouse by blow vent；
The dyskinetic dust test outer placed on top in storehouse 15 has Dust Testing Instrument 13, and test is offered at the top of warehouse Mouthful, the end of the test pipeline of Dust Testing Instrument is goed deep into storehouse by testing mouth；
The respirable dust tests storehouse 14, and hole, hole peace are opened up on the middle and lower part of the body wall opposite with plate Equipped with mobilizable active clapboard 9；
The outside in described respirable dust test storehouse 14 is equipped with dust transport platform 8, and the bottom of dust transport platform with The bottom of active clapboard 9 is located in same horizontal line；The height of the dust transport platform is less than the height of active clapboard；
The respirable dust tests the outside in storehouse, the end of dust transport platform is also equipped with the fan 7 for sending out dirt；
The dust transport platform 8, fan 7 are located in the cabinet being made of plate, and dust is through dust transport platform 8, activity Partition 9 enters the inside in respirable dust test storehouse 14.
Wherein, fan (hair dirt and dust suction, model GBF-2010), humidifier (model SC-L057), Dust Testing Instrument (model LD-5,0.3 μm of grain diameter measurement range -- 100 μm) it is commercial product.
2, test index:
2.1 dyskinetic dust test cabins: dischargeable capacity 0.08m3, dust concentration should keep uniform and stable in cabin；
2.2 gas flowmeters: range is (0~100) L/min, and precision is 2.5 grades；
2.3 assay balances: precision 0.0001g；
2.4 test respirable dusts: through (100 ± 2) DEG C dry 4h, important technological parameters are as follows:
1. silicious dust (silica), aerodynamic diameter is at 7.07 μm hereinafter, deviation ± 0.5；
2. Grain Dust (corn flour/wheat flour), aerodynamic diameter is at 7.07 μm hereinafter, deviation ± 0.5；
3. the dust marker in table 1, aerodynamic diameter is at 7.07 μm hereinafter, deviation ± 0.5；
2.5 timers: precision 1s；
2.6 thermohygrometer.
3, testing procedure:
The 3.1 compound resistance dirt materials of high cumulative for obtaining 1-8 of the embodiment of the present invention or anti-dust mask, filter element, dust filtering Chip, filtrate product are fixed on respirable dust test storehouse side ventilation opening, material product edge seal；Start humidifier, Air humidity in storehouse is adjusted separately as 40%RH/60%RH/80%RH；
3.2 are placed on load weighted respirable dust in dust transport platform, and starting hair dirt fan sends out dust concentration reference GBZ2.1-2007 standard dust acceptable concentration observes dyskinetic dust by Dust Testing Instrument after starting drawing fan 2-5min Test the dust size data in storehouse.
4, result
Testing result is as shown in table 1:
As shown in Table 1, the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative and its product that 1-8 of the embodiment of the present invention is obtained, can successfully by " respirable dust " of the partial size less than or equal to 7.07 μm is modified to " dyskinetic dust " greater than 10 μm, so prove, the present invention The compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative and its product have the function of for " respirable dust " being modified to " dyskinetic dust ".
Surface layer, middle layer and inner layer of the present invention refer to surfactant fibrous layer, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoro Sequence of the vinyl fiber layer when being pressed；It uses in practical application, surfactant fibrous layer can be used as outer layer, is poly- Tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer can also be used as outer layer use, and dust enters can act as from which face is modified to " respirable dust " The effect of " dyskinetic dust ".
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the surfactant fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer are used as outside to use When, surface can be with compound layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabrics unit area 100-300g/m2.According to service condition, really Determine outer layer be surfactant fibrous layer when, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of surfactant fibrous layer；And it is poly- for determining outer layer When tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer；Non-woven fabrics is located at most in final use Outside, purposes are that print shows product technology information, not filtration.
The preparation method of compound layer of non-woven fabric: being in the step (3) in technical solutions of above embodiments, by nonwoven Ultrasonic compressing machine is put into after being arranged in the outside of surfactant fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer or ultrasonic wave is molten In picking, through a ultrasonic fusing pressing to get the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative；
Examples detailed above is technical solution and technical characteristic to illustrate the invention, can not be limited with this of the invention Protection scope.It is all that " respirable dust " is modified to the equivalent transformation or modification that " dyskinetic dust " is substantially done according to the present invention Or with essentially identical or equivalent means, realize identical or equivalent function, achieve the effect that identical or equivalent suitable for individual The method and product in dust-proof field, are all included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative for being modified dyskinetic dust, it is characterised in that: the compound resistance dirt of the high cumulative Material is by surfactant fibrous layer, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer successively according to surface layer, middle layer and inner layer Sequence be prepared using ultrasonic fusing pressing technology:
The surfactant fibrous layer by sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or its Derivative, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, alkyl glycosides or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or its derivative Any one in object or tapioca or derivatives thereof is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio be sprayed on polypropylene fiber or terylene The surface of fiber and formed.
2. the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surfactant fibrous layer Or the outside of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, the non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/ m2。
3. the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surfactant fiber Layer, with a thickness of 0.40mm~0.70mm, density are as follows: through to 220 260/10cm, broadwise/10cm；
The electrostatic fibre layer is polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer, thickness are as follows: 0.40mm~0.45mm, density are as follows: through to 220 180 root/10cm, broadwise/10cm；
The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, with a thickness of 0.10mm~0.20mm, density: through to 210/10cm, broadwise 170 Root/10cm.
4. the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surfactant fibrous layer By in sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, sodium metasilicate and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative, sodium metaaluminate and its derivative Any one according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio be sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber and formed.
5. the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the surfactant fibrous layer By in sorbierite and its derivative, alkyl glycosides and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its derivative Any one is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio be sprayed on the surface of polyester fiber and formed.
6. " inorganic respiration dust " is modified to " nothing in manufacture by a kind of high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative as claimed in claim 4 The anti-dust mask of the dyskinetic dust of machine " or the application in terms of manufacture filter element, dust filtering chip, filtrate product.
7. " organic respirable dust " is modified to " have by the high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative described in a kind of claim 5 in manufacture The anti-dust mask of the dyskinetic dust of machine " or the application in terms of manufacture filter element, dust filtering chip, filtrate product.
8. a kind of preparation method of the high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative described in claim 1, which is characterized in that including following step It is rapid:
(1) it prepares the molten object of surfactant: after heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant being added in water, stir 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten object of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The weight of the water is 2~3 times of surfactant qualities；
The additive amount of the adhesive is the 0.2wt%-0.5wt% of surfactant；
The surfactant be sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or derivatives thereof, Sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, alkyl glycosides or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, cassava Any one in starch or derivatives thereof；
The adhesive is agar, pectin, furcellaran, any one in sodium alginate；
(2) prepare surfactant fibrous layer: the molten object of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio it is equal Even drying after being sprayed to polypropylene fiber or PET fiber surface, obtains surfactant fibrous layer；
(3) compound resistance dirt material: surfactant fibrous layer, the electrostatic fibre layer, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that step (2) is obtained is prepared Fibrous layer is successively put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder according to the sequence of surface layer, middle layer and inner layer, is once surpassed Sound wave welding presses up to the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative；
The condition of the ultrasonic fusing pressing are as follows: ultrasonic frequency 15KHz, air pressure 6-8Mpa, power are 4200 watts.
9. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, the surfactant fibrous layer is thick in step (3) Degree is 0.40mm~0.70mm, density are as follows: through to 220 260/10cm, broadwise/10cm；The electrostatic fibre layer, thickness Are as follows: 0.40mm~0.45mm, density are as follows: through to 180 220/10cm, broadwise/10cm；The polytetrafluoroethylene fibre Layer, with a thickness of 0.10mm~0.20mm, density: through to 170 210/10cm, broadwise/10cm；The electrostatic fibre layer is Polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer.
10. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, being sprayed on the surface on polypropylene fiber surface in step (2) The molten object of activating agent is sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, sodium metasilicate and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative or sodium metaaluminate And its any one in the molten object of derivative.
11. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, being sprayed on the surface of PET fiber surface in step (2) The molten object of activating agent be sorbierite and its derivative, alkyl glycosides and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its Any one in the molten object of derivative.
12. according to the method described in claim 8, it is characterized in that, in step (3), the surfactant fibrous layer or The outside of person's polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, concrete operation method are as follows: it is living that nonwoven is arranged in surface It is put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder behind the outside of property agent fibrous layer or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, through primary Ultrasonic fusing presses up to the compound resistance dirt material of high cumulative；
The non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2。
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CN105246552A (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-01-13 克洛斯泰克斯国际公司 Facemask having one or more nanofiber layers
CN205492681U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-08-24 上海交通大学 Anti -haze mask

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3838082A (en) * 1971-05-25 1974-09-24 Du Pont Polytetrafluoromethylene coatings containing water soluble polyhydrolyzable compound for glass fabrics
CN101306280A (en) * 2008-06-26 2008-11-19 南京际华三五二一特种装备有限公司 Dual-effect filter material for removing dust and decomposing dioxin and preparation method thereof
CN101496974A (en) * 2009-01-12 2009-08-05 浙江理工大学 Preparation method of dual-purpose filter material for dedusting and decomposing dioxins
CN105246552A (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-01-13 克洛斯泰克斯国际公司 Facemask having one or more nanofiber layers
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