CN106883821A - Compound resistance dirt material and preparation method and the application of cumulative high of modified dyskinetic dust - Google Patents

Compound resistance dirt material and preparation method and the application of cumulative high of modified dyskinetic dust Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106883821A
CN106883821A CN201710073099.1A CN201710073099A CN106883821A CN 106883821 A CN106883821 A CN 106883821A CN 201710073099 A CN201710073099 A CN 201710073099A CN 106883821 A CN106883821 A CN 106883821A
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dust
surfactant
derivative
fibrage
derivatives
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CN106883821B (en
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吕爱民
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BEIJING JIANXIANG JIAYE DAILY NECESSITIES Co Ltd
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BEIJING JIANXIANG JIAYE DAILY NECESSITIES Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/22—Materials not provided for elsewhere for dust-laying or dust-absorbing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1607—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous
    • B01D39/1623—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres the material being fibrous of synthetic origin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D39/00—Filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D39/14—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material
    • B01D39/16—Other self-supporting filtering material ; Other filtering material of organic material, e.g. synthetic fibres
    • B01D39/1692—Other shaped material, e.g. perforated or porous sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/08—Interconnection of layers by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2239/00—Aspects relating to filtering material for liquid or gaseous fluids
    • B01D2239/10—Filtering material manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/20—Inorganic coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/24—Organic non-macromolecular coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0253—Polyolefin fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/02—Synthetic macromolecular fibres
    • B32B2262/0276—Polyester fibres

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of compound resistance dirt material and preparation method and the application of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, compound resistance dirt material is prepared from according to the order of top layer, middle level and nexine by surfactant fibrage, polypropylene electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer using ultrasonic compressing technology.Wherein：Surfactant fibrage is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber by sodium alkyl sulfate and derivative, sodium metasilicate and derivative, glycine betaine and derivative or sodium metaaluminate and derivative and is formed, and " inorganic respiration dust " be modified to " inorganic dyskinetic dust " by the compound resistance dirt material and product that the surfactant fibrage is prepared into；Or be sprayed on the surface of polyster fibre by sorbierite and derivative, APG and derivative, carboxylate and derivative or tapioca and derivative and formed, " organic respirable dust " be modified to " organic dyskinetic dust " by the compound resistance dirt material and product that the surfactant fibrage is prepared into.

Description

Compound resistance dirt material and preparation method and the application of cumulative high of modified dyskinetic dust
Technical field
Resistance dirt material and preparation method and application are combined the present invention relates to a kind of cumulative high of the dyskinetic dust that is modified, specifically Be related to a kind of cumulative high that " respirable dust " can be modified to " dyskinetic dust " be combined hinder dirt material and preparation method thereof with Using.
Background technology
Pneumoconiosis, is that China endangers most serious and the occupational disease having a large capacity and a wide range at present, is the irreversible cause that can not be cured Residual property disease, and cause pneumoconiosis immediate cause be connect dirt personnel suction " respirable dust " and in lung retention cause macrophage Cellularity pneumonia, dust cell granuloma and dust cause pulmonary fibrosis.In addition with metal and its compound powder pneumoconiosis thesaurismosis, Other respiratory diseases such as COPD caused by excitant chemicals, hard metal tuberculosis endanger the strong of the mankind Health.The respiratory tract that even bad weather such as haze also gives people brings various harmful effects, such as PM2.5Particulate matter (surrounding air Particulate matter of the middle aerodynamics equivalent diameter less than or equal to 2.5 μm, is included in pellet PM10Among, it is PM10 A part), it is very big to health and Atomspheric Environmental.
" respirable dust " includes inorganic dust and organic dust.Inorganic dust is mainly mineral dust, also including gold Category dust and artificial inorganic dust：Silicious dust：The dust for referring to free silica content more than 10%, such as colliery driving, non-coal The dust produced in mining, rock mining, tunnelling, silicious dust is most strong BA, to human health damage most Big dust；Silicic acid salt dirt：Asbestos, talcum, mica, kaolin, cement dust belong to such, wherein most heavy with asbestos dust Will, such dust is removed and contains SiO2Outward, the chemical elements such as Mg, Fe, Ca, A1 are also contained；Carbonaceous dust：Coal dust, carbon black, graphite, The dust such as coal mass active carbon；Metallic dust：The smog produced when metal smelt, electric welding, such as aluminium, iron, tin, lead, zinc, beryllium, copper Metal and its compound dust；Nonmetallic dust：Such as quartz, marble, shale, lime stone；Artificial inorganic dust：Such as Buddha's warrior attendant Sand, glass fibre, artificial mineral cotton, mineral wool, rock wool, mineral wool etc..Organic dust is mainly agricultural production, organic chemistry work The dust produced in the production process of the industries such as industry, medicine, it is generally the albumen and organic chemistry material of animals and plants, to the shadow of health Ring and mainly cause body anaphylactia, such as occupational asthma, sequoiosis, organic dust can be divided into regard to its property It is several below：Vegetable dust, such as wood dust, cigarette, grass, cotton, fiber crops, cereal, tea, sugarcane, Chinese medicine, traditional instrument, shell, food addition The dust such as agent；Animal dust, such as raises hair, feather, angle powder, leather, sclerotin dust；Artificial organic dust, such as organic dyestuff, The dust such as medicine, vegetable active powdered carbon dirt, artificial organic fibre.
" respirable dust " aerodynamic diameter below 7.07 μm, 5 μm of powder dust particles of aerodynamic diameter Sampling efficiency is 50%, referred to as exhales dirt (GBZ 2.1-2007 term and definitions 3.8).Dust diameter can reach at 5-10 μm The tracheal wall of human body, dust diameter can reach alveolar region (fibre-less respiratory bronchiole, breathing, alveolar below 5 μm Capsule), this dust is only able to achieve human body to the very harmful of human body, but when the diameter of dust is more than 10 μm Pharynx nasalis.If this " respirable dust " can be modified, it is allowed to enter into the lung of contactee, then not only can Avoid pneumoconiosis, it is also possible to reduce the harm that the bad weathers such as haze bring.
When the present invention contacts " respirable dust " with L3035- types or the compound resistance dirt material product of V1223- types cumulative high Stick cohesion, and then this polydispersion dust for being less than 10 μm can be modified and be agglomerated into the scale of construction more than more than 10 μm of list Dispersion dust, single dispersing dust of this scale of construction more than more than 10 μm can not reach alveolar region, be defined as " dyskinetic dust ", letter Claim " barrier dirt ".After " respirable dust " to be modified to " dyskinetic dust ", dyskinetic dust granules thing cannot enter alveolar region, So that meet dirt personnel can avoid suffering from pneumoconiosis or respiratory disease.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are directed to the deficiencies in the prior art, and provide a kind of modified obstacle Property dust cumulative high be combined the preparation method of resistance dirt material, by surfactant and filter material fiber, electrostatic fibre and essence filtering Together, so as to be prepared into, cumulative high is compound to hinder dirt material to Material cladding.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high being prepared from by the above method, should " respirable dust " can be modified to " dyskinetic dust " by the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high.
The third object of the present invention is to provide the application that a kind of above-mentioned cumulative high is combined resistance dirt material.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
Present invention firstly provides a kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, by surfactant fiber Layer, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer utilize ultrasonic fusing pressure according to the order of top layer, middle level and nexine successively (as shown in Figure 1) that conjunction technology is prepared from：
Described surfactant fibrage is by sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine Or derivatives thereof, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, APG or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or its Any one in derivative, or tapioca or derivatives thereof is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber or polyster fibre and shape Into；
Top layer of the present invention, middle level and nexine, refer to surfactant fibrage, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoro Order of the vinyl fiber layer when being pressed；In practical application, surfactant fibrage can be used as outer layer, gathered Tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer can also be used as outer layer.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, the outside of described surfactant fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer can be with Compound layer of non-woven fabric, described non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2.According to service condition, determine that outer layer is lived for surface During property agent fibrage, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of surfactant fibrage；And it is polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer to determine outer layer When, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer；Non-woven fabrics is located at outermost in final use, and its purposes is print Show product technology information, not filtration.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described surfactant fibrage, thickness is 0.40mm~0.70mm, and density is：Through To 260/10cm, 220/10cm of broadwise；
Described electrostatic fibre layer is Ju Bing Xi Static electricity fibrages, and thickness is：0.40m, m~0.45mm, density is：Warp-wise 220/10cm, 180/10cm of broadwise；
Described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, thickness is 0.10mm~0.20mm, density：210/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 170/10cm.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described surfactant fibrage is preferably by sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, silicon Any one in sour sodium and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative, sodium metaaluminate and its derivative is according to 4g-6g/m2's Ratio is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber and is formed；This kind high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative is used to manufacture " inorganic respiration Dust " is modified to the products such as the anti-dust respirator or manufacture filter element, dust-removing core piece, filtrate product of " inorganic dyskinetic dust " Aspect；Described anti-dust respirator is preferably suction-self filtering type against particle respirator, colliery self-suction dust filter mask, gold The anti-dust respirator of category smelting industry self-suction dust filter mask, metal and nonmetallic mineral rock mining and its product industry, Building, building materials, the anti-dust respirator of repairs profession, the outdoor anti-PM in workplace2.5The anti-dust respirator of particulate matter, daily protection type mouthful Cover, disposable demifacet anti-dust respirator.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described surfactant fibrage is preferably by sorbierite and its derivative, alkyl sugar Any one in glycosides and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its derivative is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio Example is sprayed on the surface of polyster fibre and is formed；This kind high compound resistance dirt material of cumulative is used to manufacture " organic respiratory powder Dirt " is modified to the product sides such as the anti-dust respirator or manufacture filter element, dust-removing core piece, filtrate product of " organic dyskinetic dust " Face；Described anti-dust respirator is preferably suction-self filtering type against particle respirator, agriculture, woods, herd, secondary, fishing animals and plants product industry Anti-dust respirator, the outdoor anti-PM in workplace2.5The anti-dust respirator of particulate matter, daily protective mask, the dust-proof mouth of disposable demifacet Cover.
The present invention also provides the preparation method that a kind of above-mentioned cumulative high is combined resistance dirt material, comprises the following steps：
(1) the molten thing of surfactant is prepared：After heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant is added in water, stirred 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten thing of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The weight of described water is 2~3 times of surfactant weight；
The addition of described adhesive is the 0.2wt%-0.5wt% of surfactant；
Described surfactant be sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or its spread out Biological, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, APG or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, Or any one in tapioca or derivatives thereof；
Described adhesive is：Any one in agar, pectin, furcellaran, sodium alginate, the viscosity of adhesive is 3 ~5CPS.
(2) surfactant fibrage is prepared：The molten thing of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 4g-6g/m2Proportioning Dried after being uniformly sprayed to polypropylene fiber (PP) or polyster fibre (PE) surface, obtain surfactant fibrage；
(3) the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high is prepared：Surfactant fibrage that step (2) is obtained, electrostatic fibre layer, Polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder according to the order of top layer, middle level and nexine successively In, obtain final product the compound resistance dirt material of described cumulative high through a ultrasonic fusing pressing；
The condition of described ultrasonic fusing pressing is：Ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, air pressure is 6-8Mpa, power is 4200 watts (described ultrasonic compressing machine, supersonic wave welder are that commonly used in the art, prior art is present or commercially available Ultrasonic compressing machine)；
Described surfactant fibrage, thickness is 0.40mm~0.70mm, and density is：260/10cm of warp-wise, latitude To 220/10cm；
Described electrostatic fibre layer, thickness is：0.40mm~0.45mm, density is：220/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 180 Root/10cm；
Described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, thickness is 0.10mm~0.20mm, density：210/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 170/10cm；
Described electrostatic fibre layer is Ju Bing Xi Static electricity fibrages.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), the molten thing of surfactant for being sprayed on polypropylene fiber surface is alkylsurfuric acid Appointing in the molten thing of sodium or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or derivatives thereof, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof Meaning is a kind of.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (2), be sprayed on the molten thing of surfactant of PET fiber surface for sorbierite or It is any in the molten thing of its derivative, APG or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, tapioca or derivatives thereof It is a kind of.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, in step (3), described surfactant fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer Outside is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, and specific method is：Nonwoven is arranged in surfactant fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) It is put into behind the outside of fibrage in ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder, is pressed through a ultrasonic fusing described in obtaining final product The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high；
Described non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2。
Principle of the invention is：
1. there is the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high the effective gravitation of collection Van der Waals, the effective gravitation of Casimir, liquid bridge effectively to draw Power and the effective gravitation of electrostatic " gravitation of quaternity is reunited and increases function ", " respirable dust " is in the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high There is cohesion in the presence of " quaternity gravitation is reunited and increases function ", stick, so that modified be agglomerated into " dyskinetic dust ". (as shown in Figure 2)
2. during the compound resistance dirt material of " respirable dust " particle and cumulative high, dust granules surface loop around aqueous vapor film By cumulative high be combined resistance dirt material surfactant puncture, make dust granules 20nm the effective gravitation of short distance Van der Waals and Occur once under the effective graviational interaction of intermediate range Casimir of 100nm, secondary aggregation；Dust granules surface loop around aqueous vapor film and After the air that cumulative high is combined in resistance dirt material gap is extruded, in the lipophilic group molecule and hydrophilic group molecule point of surfactant Not Zuo Yong under, oiliness dust granules or non-oily dust granules with positive and negative charge effectively draw in 2~3 μm of medium-long range liquid bridge Power and 0.1 μm -- sticked by the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high under 10 μm of the effective graviational interaction of long-range electrostatic, so as to particle diameter is small Single dispersing " the barrier of alveolar region can not be entered more than more than 10 μm in the modified particle diameter that is agglomerated into of 10 μm of polydispersion " respirable dust " Impenetrability dust ".(as shown in Figure 2)
3. according to " inorganic respiration dust " and " organic respirable dust " different physicochemical characteristics, with contact force Learn the mechanism of action carries out synthesis change to filtering material property and dust granules surface, by common filtering material to the " single of dust One filter efficiency function " is modified as being combined into " four with Van der Waals force, Casimir gravitation, liquid bridge gravitation and electrostatic attraction collection The gravitation of one is reunited increase function ", with " gravitation of quaternity reunite increase function " by polydispersion " respirable dust " Being modified to the scale of construction can not enter the single dispersing " dyskinetic dust " of alveolar region more than more than 10 μm, be to anti-dust respirator technical standard Field causes " filter efficiency " of high-drag theoretical by pursuing high filtration merely, to " resistance dirt effect " new reason of big reunion lower resistance By the innovation revolution (as shown in Figure 2) of, new technology.
The technology of the present invention novelty is：
(1) surfactant fibrage, can puncture dust granules surface loop and be allowed to phase inter coagulation around aqueous vapor film, and surface is lived Property agent fiber coat absorption wet air and the wetting of characteristics of contaminated respiratory droplets moisture produce a large amount of intensive small foam particles groups, foam grain Subgroup is sprawled and is met with dust extensively in fiber layer surface, is moistened dust, is sticked rapidly under liquid bridge graviational interaction, change of reuniting Greatly to more than 10 μm；
(2) electrostatic fibre layer, is capable of the dust of pull-in range ± electrostatic charge；
(3) polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, is smart filtering material, can filter fine solid particle；
(4) after be modified for respirable dust and be agglomerated into " dyskinetic dust " more than 10 μm by the present invention, because its scale of construction is huge It is allowed to that human body alveolar region can not be reached by tracheae, meeting dirt personnel can avoid suffering from pneumoconiosis or respiratory disease.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1：Present invention cumulative high is combined the structural representation of resistance dirt material；
Fig. 2：" respirable dust " is modified to the present invention power schematic diagram of " dyskinetic dust "；
Fig. 3：The structural representation of the dyskinetic dust test device of Z-10 types in the embodiment of the present invention；
Wherein：1 is surfactant fiber, and 2 is electrostatic fibre, and 3 is polytetrafluoroethylene fibre, and 4 is respirable dust, 5 It is dyskinetic dust, 6 is the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high, and 7 is the fan of hair dirt, and 8 is dust transport platform, and 9 is active clapboard, 10 is compound resistance dirt material or anti-dust respirator or filter element, dust-removing core piece, the filtrate product of cumulative high, and 11 is the wind of air-breathing Fan, 12 is humidifier, and 13 is Dust Testing Instrument, and 14 is that respirable dust tests storehouse, and 15 is that dyskinetic dust tests storehouse.
Specific embodiment
The specific embodiment to technical solution of the present invention is described in detail below, but the present invention is not limited in following description Hold：
Embodiment 1：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, is prepared from by following methods：
(1) the molten thing of surfactant is prepared：After heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant is added in water, stirred 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten thing of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The addition of described water is 2.5 times of surfactant；
The addition of described adhesive is the 0.3wt% of surfactant；
Described surfactant is sodium alkyl sulfate；
Described adhesive is agar (can also be using any one in pectin, furcellaran, sodium alginate)；
(2) surfactant fiber is prepared：The molten thing of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 5g/m2Proportioning it is equal Even is sprayed to polypropylene fibre surface, obtains surfactant fiber；
(3) the compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high is prepared：Surfactant fiber, electrostatic fibre, poly- four that step (2) is obtained PVF fiber is put into supersonic wave welder (model according to the order of top layer, middle level and nexine：JY-110-100 in), through once Ultrasonic fusing is pressed, and obtains final product the compound resistance dirt material of described cumulative high；
The condition of described ultrasonic compressing is：Ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, and air pressure is 6-8Mpa, power is 4200 watts；
Described surfactant fibrage, thickness is 0.40mm~0.70mm, and density is：260/10cm of warp-wise, latitude To 220/10cm；
Described electrostatic fibre layer, thickness is：0.40mm~0.45mm, density is：220/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 180 Root/10cm；
Described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, thickness is 0.10mm~0.20mm, density：210/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 170/10cm；
Described electrostatic fibre layer is Ju Bing Xi Static electricity fibrages.
The compound resistance dirt material designation of cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is the compound resistance dirt material of L3035-A types cumulative high, should Material is applied to modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust：Coal dust, carbon powder dust, precipitation SiO2(white carbon), carborundum dust, carbon Fibre dust or close dust.
Embodiment 2：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 1, different It is that the species of surfactant is sodium metasilicate, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is that L3035-B types are high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material is applied to modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust：Silicious dust, silica dust, Marble dust, Zeolite dust, rare earth dust, vermiculite dust, barite dust, fluorite mixed dust, dolomite powder or close dust.
Embodiment 3：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 1, different It is that the species of surfactant is glycine betaine, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is that L3035-C types are high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material is applied to modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust：Aluminium dirt, emery wheel mill dirt, metallic dust, glass Glass comminuted steel shot dirt, tin and its compound dust, iron and its compound dust, antimony and its compound dust, hard metal dust, mica Dust or close dust.
Embodiment 4：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 1, different It is that the species of surfactant is sodium metaaluminate, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is L3035-D types The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high, the material is applied to modified following inorganic dyskinetic dust：Cement dust, wollastonite dust, silicon Diatomaceous earth dust, Talc-dust, Gypsum dust, graphite dust, asbestos dust, lime stone dust, bentonite dust, man-made glass matter Fibre dust, mineral wool dust, mineral wool dust, Rock wool dust or close dust.
Embodiment 5：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 1, different It is that surfactant is sorbierite, and the molten thing of surfactant is sprayed to terylene surface；The cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is combined Resistance dirt material designation is the compound resistance dirt material of V1223-A types cumulative high, and the material is applied to modified following organic dyskinetic dust： Tea dirt, Grain Dust, numb dirt, cotton dirt, mulberry silk dirt, tobacco dust or close dust.
Embodiment 6：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 5, different It is that the species of surfactant is APG, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is V1223-B types The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high, the material is applied to modified following organic dyskinetic dust：Phenolic resin dust, polypropylene powder Dirt, polyacrylonitrile fibre dust, polyvinyl chloride dust, polythylene dust or close dust.
Embodiment 7：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 5, different It is that the species of surfactant is carboxylate, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is that V1223-C types are high The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative, the material is applied to modified following organic dyskinetic dust：Plant active carbon dust, washing powder are mixed Close dirt or close dust.
Embodiment 8：
A kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high of dyskinetic dust that is modified, preparation method is same as Example 5, different It is that the species of surfactant is tapioca, the compound resistance dirt material designation of the cumulative high that the present embodiment is obtained is V1223-D types The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high, the material is applied to modified following organic dyskinetic dust：Wood dust, fur dust or close powder Dirt.
Application Example：Respirable dust is modified to the test of dyskinetic dust
1st, the dyskinetic dust test device (as shown in Figure 3) of Z-10 types：
The main body of described dyskinetic dust test device is a casing, and two independent storehouses are divided into by cut-off in it Body：Respirable dust tests storehouse 14 and dyskinetic dust test storehouse 15；
Described cut-off middle part offers passage, and institute of the present invention is laid in the side that passage is located at respirable dust test storehouse 14 The cumulative high stated is combined resistance dirt material 10 or passage is one side closed, the passage that is combined the product that resistance dirt material 10 is made by cumulative high The fan 11 of air-breathing is installed positioned at the side in dyskinetic dust test storehouse 15；
The described respirable dust test outer placed on top in storehouse 14 has humidifier 12, and blow vent is offered at the top of warehouse, The end of the gas pipeline of humidifier is goed deep into storehouse by blow vent；
The described dyskinetic dust test outer placed on top in storehouse 15 has Dust Testing Instrument 13, and test is offered at the top of warehouse Mouthful, the end of the test pipeline of Dust Testing Instrument is goed deep into storehouse by testing mouth；
Described respirable dust test storehouse 14, hole, hole peace are opened up on the middle and lower part of the body wall relative with sheet material It is provided with mobilizable active clapboard 9；
The outside in described respirable dust test storehouse 14 is equipped with dust transport platform 8, and the bottom of dust transport platform with The bottom of active clapboard 9 is located in same horizontal line；Height of the height of described dust transport platform less than active clapboard；
The outside in described respirable dust test storehouse, the end of dust transport platform are also equipped with the fan 7 of hair dirt；
In the casing being made up of sheet material, dust is through dust transport platform 8, activity for described dust transport platform 8, fan 7 Dividing plate 9 enters the inside that respirable dust tests storehouse 14.
Wherein, fan (hair dirt and dust suction, model GBF-2010), humidifier (model SC-L057), Dust Testing Instrument (model LD-5,0.3 μm of grain diameter measurement scope -- 100 μm) it is commercially available prod.
2nd, test index：
2.1 dyskinetic dust test cabins：Dischargeable capacity 0.08m3, dust concentration should keep uniform and stable in cabin；
2.2 gas flowmeters：Range is (0~100) L/min, and precision is 2.5 grades；
2.3 assay balances：Precision is 0.0001g；
2.4 test respirable dusts：4h is dried through (100 ± 2) DEG C, important technological parameters are as follows：
1. silicious dust (silica), aerodynamic diameter below 7.07 μm, deviation ± 0.5；
2. Grain Dust (corn flour/wheat flour), aerodynamic diameter below 7.07 μm, deviation ± 0.5；
3. the dust mark in table 1, aerodynamic diameter below 7.07 μm, deviation ± 0.5；
2.5 timers：Precision is 1s；
2.6 thermohygrometers.
3rd, testing procedure：
The compound resistance dirt material of 3.1 cumulatives high for obtaining embodiment of the present invention 1-8 or anti-dust respirator, filter element, filter dirt Chip, filtrate product are fixed on respirable dust test storehouse side ventilating opening, material product edge seal；Start humidifier, Air humidity in storehouse is adjusted to 40%RH/60%RH/80%RH respectively；
3.2 are placed in dust transport platform load weighted respirable dust, start hair dirt fan, send out dust concentration reference GBZ2.1-2007 standard dust acceptable concentrations, after starting drawing fan 2-5min, dyskinetic dust are observed by Dust Testing Instrument Dust size data in test storehouse.
4th, result
Testing result is as shown in table 1：
As shown in Table 1, compound resistance dirt material and its product of embodiment of the present invention 1-8 is obtained cumulative high, can successfully by " respirable dust " of the particle diameter less than or equal to 7.07 μm is modified to " dyskinetic dust " more than 10 μm, so prove, the present invention The compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high and its product there is the effect that " respirable dust " is modified to " dyskinetic dust ".
Top layer of the present invention, middle level and nexine, refer to surfactant fibrage, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoro Order of the vinyl fiber layer when being pressed；In practical application, surfactant fibrage can be used as outer layer, gathered Tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer can also be used as outer layer, and dust can act as being modified to " respirable dust " from which face entrance The effect of " dyskinetic dust ".
In above-mentioned technical proposal, described surfactant fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer are used as outside When, its surface can also be combined layer of non-woven fabric, described non-woven fabrics unit area 100-300g/m2.According to service condition, really When determining outer layer for surfactant fibrage, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of surfactant fibrage；And it is poly- to determine outer layer During tetrafluoroethylene fiber layer, in the outside compound nonwoven cloth of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer；Non-woven fabrics is located at most in final use Outside, its purposes is that print shows product technology information, not filtration.
The preparation method of compound layer of non-woven fabric：In being the step (3) in technical solutions of above embodiments, by nonwoven It is arranged in behind the outside of surfactant fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer that to be put into ultrasonic compressing machine or ultrasonic wave molten In picking, pressed through a ultrasonic fusing, obtain final product the compound resistance dirt material of described cumulative high；
Examples detailed above is technical scheme and technical characteristic to illustrate the invention, can not limit of the invention with this Protection domain.It is all that " respirable dust " is modified to equivalent transformation or the modification that " dyskinetic dust " is substantially done according to the present invention Or with essentially identical or equivalent means, identical or equivalent function is realized, reach identical or equivalent effect and be applied to individuality The method and product in dust-proof field, are all included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (12)

1. a kind of cumulative high of the dyskinetic dust that is modified is compound hinders dirt material, it is characterised in that：The compound resistance dirt of described cumulative high Material, is successively according to top layer, middle level and nexine by surfactant fibrage, electrostatic fibre layer and polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer Order be prepared from using ultrasonic fusing pressing technology：
Described surfactant fibrage by sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or its Derivative, sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, APG or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or its derivative Any one in thing, or tapioca or derivatives thereof is sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber or polyster fibre and is formed 's.
2. cumulative high according to claim 1 is compound hinders dirt material, it is characterised in that：Described surfactant fibrage Or the outside of polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, described non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/ m2。
3. cumulative high according to claim 1 is compound hinders dirt material, it is characterised in that：Described surfactant fiber Layer, thickness is 0.40mm~0.70mm, and density is：260/10cm of warp-wise, 220/10cm of broadwise；
Described electrostatic fibre layer is Ju Bing Xi Static electricity fibrages, and thickness is：0.40mm~0.45mm, density is：Warp-wise 220 Root/10cm, 180/10cm of broadwise；
Described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer, thickness is 0.10mm~0.20mm, density：210/10cm of warp-wise, broadwise 170 Root/10cm.
4. cumulative high according to claim 1 is compound hinders dirt material, it is characterised in that：Described surfactant fibrage By in sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, sodium metasilicate and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative, sodium metaaluminate and its derivative Any one according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio be sprayed on the surface of polypropylene fiber and formed.
5. cumulative high according to claim 1 is compound hinders dirt material, it is characterised in that：Described surfactant fibrage By in sorbierite and its derivative, APG and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its derivative Any one is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio be sprayed on the surface of polyster fibre and formed.
6. " inorganic respiration dust " is modified to " nothing by a kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high described in claim 4 in manufacture Application in terms of the anti-dust respirator or manufacture filter element, dust-removing core piece, filtrate product of the dyskinetic dust of machine ".
7. " organic respirable dust " be modified in manufacture by a kind of compound resistance dirt material of cumulative high described in claim 5 " has Application in terms of the anti-dust respirator or manufacture filter element, dust-removing core piece, filtrate product of the dyskinetic dust of machine ".
8. the cumulative high that the present invention is also provided described in a kind of claim 1 is combined the preparation method of resistance dirt material, it is characterised in that Comprise the following steps：
(1) the molten thing of surfactant is prepared：After heating water to 30-50 DEG C, surfactant is added in water, stirred 30min；Then adhesive is added, continues to obtain the molten thing of surfactant after stirring 30min；
The weight of described water is 2~3 times of surfactant qualities；
The addition of described adhesive is the 0.2wt%-0.5wt% of surfactant；
Described surfactant be sodium alkyl sulfate or derivatives thereof, sodium metasilicate or derivatives thereof, glycine betaine or derivatives thereof, Sodium metaaluminate or derivatives thereof, sorbierite or derivatives thereof, APG or derivatives thereof, carboxylate or derivatives thereof, cassava Any one in starch or derivatives thereof；
Described adhesive is any one in agar, pectin, furcellaran, sodium alginate；
(2) surfactant fibrage is prepared：The molten thing of surfactant that step (1) is obtained is according to 4g-6g/m2Ratio it is equal Even is sprayed to drying after polypropylene fiber or PET fiber surface, obtains surfactant fibrage；
(3) compound resistance dirt material is prepared：Surfactant fibrage, electrostatic fibre layer, the polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) that step (2) is obtained Fibrage is put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder according to the order of top layer, middle level and nexine successively, through once surpassing Sound wave welding pressing obtains final product the compound resistance dirt material of described cumulative high；
The condition of described ultrasonic fusing pressing is：Ultrasonic frequency is 15KHz, and air pressure is 6-8Mpa, power is 4200 watts.
9. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (3), described surfactant fibrage is thick It is 0.40mm~0.70mm to spend, and density is：260/10cm of warp-wise, 220/10cm of broadwise；Described electrostatic fibre layer, thickness For：0.40mm~0.45mm, density is：220/10cm of warp-wise, 180/10cm of broadwise；Described polytetrafluoroethylene fibre Layer, thickness is 0.10mm~0.20mm, density：210/10cm of warp-wise, 170/10cm of broadwise；Described electrostatic fibre layer is Ju Bing Xi Static electricity fibrages.
10. method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (2), be sprayed on the surface on polypropylene fiber surface The molten thing of activating agent is sodium alkyl sulfate and its derivative, sodium metasilicate and its derivative, glycine betaine and its derivative or sodium metaaluminate And its any one in the molten thing of derivative.
11. methods according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (2), be sprayed on the surface of PET fiber surface The molten thing of activating agent be sorbierite and its derivative, APG and its derivative, carboxylate and its derivative, tapioca and its Any one in the molten thing of derivative.
12. methods according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step (3), described surfactant fibrage or The outside of person's polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer is also compounded with layer of non-woven fabric, and concrete operation method is：Nonwoven is arranged in into surface to live Property agent fibrage or polytetrafluoroethylene fibre layer outside after be put into ultrasonic compressing machine or supersonic wave welder, through once Ultrasonic fusing pressing obtains final product the compound resistance dirt material of described cumulative high；
Described non-woven fabrics, unit area 100-300g/m2。
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CN105246552A (en) * 2013-03-15 2016-01-13 克洛斯泰克斯国际公司 Facemask having one or more nanofiber layers
CN205492681U (en) * 2016-01-19 2016-08-24 上海交通大学 Anti -haze mask

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3838082A (en) * 1971-05-25 1974-09-24 Du Pont Polytetrafluoromethylene coatings containing water soluble polyhydrolyzable compound for glass fabrics
CN101306280A (en) * 2008-06-26 2008-11-19 南京际华三五二一特种装备有限公司 Dual-effect filter material for removing dust and decomposing dioxin and preparation method thereof
CN101496974A (en) * 2009-01-12 2009-08-05 浙江理工大学 Preparation method of dual-purpose filter material for dedusting and decomposing dioxins
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