CN106879758A - The processing method of tealeaves - Google Patents
The processing method of tealeaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN106879758A CN106879758A CN201710171314.1A CN201710171314A CN106879758A CN 106879758 A CN106879758 A CN 106879758A CN 201710171314 A CN201710171314 A CN 201710171314A CN 106879758 A CN106879758 A CN 106879758A
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- tealeaves
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- fermenter
- pile
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to Tea Processing technical field, the processing method for disclosing tealeaves, including de-enzyme, tentatively knead, pile-fermentation, type is kneaded into again, the steps such as baking, wherein pile-fermentation step uses tealeaves pile-fermentation device, including fermenter, the both sides of fermenter are connected with rotating shaft, baffle plate is provided with fermenter, air bag is provided with the fermenter of baffle plate both sides, first is provided with air bag, second, 3rd, 4th slide plate, second, air bag between 3rd slide plate is provided with through hole, first, between second slide plate, elastic component is provided between 3rd the 4th slide plate, first, push rod is connected with 4th slide plate, the other end of push rod is connected with torsion spring, torsion spring is set in rotating shaft, annular groove is additionally provided with rotating shaft;First, second, third flow-guiding channel is provided with baffle plate, first, second flow-guiding channel is cylindrical, the 3rd flow-guiding channel helically cylindric.Solve the problems, such as during prior art Tea Processing that quality is unstable, defect rate is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to processing field of tea leaves, and in particular to the processing method of tealeaves.
Background technology
Black tea, belongs to post-fermented tea, because the outward appearance of sample tea is in black, therefore referred to as black tea.Black tea possesses long in China
History, the general old leaf for use maturity on tea tree higher is raw material, through finishing, kneading, pile-fermentation, the work substantially such as drying
Skill is made, and the black tea profile of gained is coarse, flavour is strong but fineless and smooth, the leaf bottom chopped cooked entrails of sheep.Black tea is through pile-fermentation process microorganism
Participation, its component content and black tea, green tea is had great difference, with good health-care efficacy, can not only it is anti-oxidant, prolong
Slow aging, bactericidal antiphlogistic, diuresis removing toxic substances, while in reducing blood lipid, hypotensive, hypoglycemic, fat-reducing, prevention of cardiovascular disease, anticancer etc.
Aspect has significant effect.
Finish-to knead-pile-fermentation-baking, wherein pile-fermentation is the traditional black tea machining process of China
A very important ring in black tea process, directly influences color and luster, the color and luster of millet paste, the mouthfeel of black tea.Now current is wet
Heap fermentation is carried out on ground, and carries out turning by manpower so that efficiency is low, and hand labor intensity is big.By above-mentioned
Mode carries out that pile-fermentation tealeaves external cooling is fast, and internal heat dissipating is slow, therefore the temperature difference inside and outside tealeaves in tealeaves heap is big, it is difficult to
Realize temperature, the uniformity of humidity, thus cannot ensure it is consistent with the attenuation degree of a collection of black tea, so as to cause the tealeaves of processing
Quality is unstable, and the fragrance of black tea finished product is not enough, and mouthfeel is bad, and the defect rate of black tea finished product is high.
The content of the invention
Processing method the invention is intended to provide tealeaves, with solve quality during prior art Tea Processing it is unstable,
Defect rate problem high.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme, and the processing method of tealeaves is comprised the following steps:
1) process equipment is built:Build tealeaves pile-fermentation device, including the fermenter that frame and two ends are closed, frame
Including cross bar and two vertical poles, fermenter is provided with charging aperture and discharging opening;Fermenter is located between two vertical poles, and fermenter
It is connected with two vertical poles by rotating shaft;Baffle plate is provided with the middle part of fermenter, fermenter is divided into two fermentation chambers, baffle plate is provided with
First, second, third flow-guiding channel, the second flow-guiding channel is located between the first, the 3rd flow-guiding channel, and the first, the 3rd water conservancy diversion
Passage is cylindrical, the spiral cylinder of the second flow-guiding channel;Radially be provided with two fermentation chambers in air bag, air bag from
Left-to-right slidably connects first, second, third, fourth slide plate successively, is set between second, third slide plate on bladder sidewall
There is through hole, elastic component is respectively connected between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, between the 3rd slide plate and the 4th slide plate;First slide plate and
4th slide plate is respectively connected with the push rod of L-type, and push rod runs through fermenter;Be arranged with torsion spring in rotating shaft, push rod away from fermenter one
End is connected with torsion spring, and the one end in rotating shaft near vertical pole is provided with annular groove;
2) finish:Raw material fresh leaf is put into 10-20min is soaked in clear water, then fresh leaf taking-up is dried to surface without water droplet,
Put into green-keeping machine again and finished, during de-enzyme, finish 5-6min at a temperature of 110-150 DEG C;
3) tentatively knead:To carry out kneading 20-30min in the tealeaves input kneading machine after de-enzyme in step (2);
4) pile-fermentation:Tealeaves after being kneaded in step (3) puts into one of fermentation of tealeaves pile-fermentation device
Pile-fermentation is carried out in chamber;
5) type is kneaded into again:By after pile-fermentation in step (4) tealeaves input kneading machine in carry out kneadding so that tealeaves into
Type;
6) bakee:To be kneaded in step (5) and be dried in the tealeaves input dryer of shaping, when drying, dryer
Initial temperature is 20 DEG C, and the temperature in dryer is raised with the speed of 1-2 DEG C/min again, when the temperature of dryer is increased to 55-
At 60 DEG C, stop temperature and raise, then dry 40-50min, the tealeaves being molded.
The know-why of this programme is:Raw material fresh leaf is put into clear water and is soaked so that the water content in tealeaves is uprised, then
Finished after tealeaves surface is dried, due to being soaked to tealeaves after water content it is high, high-temperature steam can be produced during de-enzyme, profit
In uniform de-enzyme, and beneficial to tealeaves quality;In the tealeaves input kneading machine after de-enzyme will just rub again so that tealeaves is preliminary
Bar is kneaded into, and the cell membrane in tealeaves is damaged, be conducive to pile-fermentation.
After the completion of tentatively kneading, rotating shaft, then torsion spring is set in rotating shaft, rotating shaft is fixed;Again in fermentation chamber
Input tealeaves, tealeaves is just fermented, and tealeaves can produce heat during fermentation, the tealeaves rapid heat dissipation outside tealeaves heap, internal tea
Leaf radiating is slow, and the temperature in the middle part of tealeaves heap can be higher than outside temperature, therefore tealeaves heap middle part pressure can be more than outside, just by gas
Body is clamp-oned in air bag by through hole, the slide plate of gas extrusion second and the 3rd slide plate, then by the slide plate of elastic member presses first and
Four slide plates, the first slide plate and the 4th slide plate just promote push rod to move, and push rod just promotes torsion spring to be moved to annular groove, and torsion spring is just not
Countershaft is fixed again, and now fermenter deflects, and the tealeaves outside tealeaves heap is by the first flow-guiding channel and the
Two flow-guiding channels enter another fermentation chamber, and positioned at the bottom of fermentation chamber, pass through positioned at tealeaves heap middle portion temperature tealeaves high
Second flow-guiding channel enters fermentation chamber, because the stroke of the second flow-guiding channel is more long, what tealeaves was stopped in the second flow-guiding channel
Time is longer, therefore tealeaves can be located at the top of tealeaves heap, it is achieved thereby that the upset of tealeaves so that process of the tealeaves in fermentation
The temperature difference of middle each several part is little so that with the steady quality of a batch of tealeaves, defect rate is low.
After the completion of pile-fermentation, tealeaves is taken out, and put into kneadding is carried out in kneading machine so that tea-leaf forming.Again will be into
It is dried in tealeaves input dryer after type, drying is divided into two stages, and the first stage is the temperature control stage, by dryer
Except wet temp is adjusted to 20 DEG C, then the temperature of dryer is set to raise 55-60 DEG C with the speed of 1-2 DEG C/min so that the water in tealeaves
Divide slow evaporation, it is to avoid the fragrance of tealeaves is pulled away;Second stage, is the constant temperature stage, allows tealeaves at a temperature of 55-60 DEG C
Drying 40-50min so that tealeaves is thoroughly dried, is easy to storage.
What this programme can be produced has the technical effect that:1st, the technical program carries out pile fermentation by using tealeaves pile-fermentation device
Fermentation so that tealeaves can carry out upset and cause that the temperature difference inside and outside tealeaves heap is small during the fermentation, thereby, it is ensured that same batch
Tea leaf fermentation degree quite, the steady quality of the tealeaves being processed into, the defect rate of tealeaves finished product is low;2nd, the technical program makes
Tealeaves pile-fermentation device, by the internal-external temperature difference of tealeaves heap, realizes the upset of fermenter, it can be ensured that tealeaves is in tealeaves
Heap internal-external temperature difference is overturn when big, it is to avoid the fermentation of influence tealeaves;3rd, killed after the technical program to tealeaves by soaking
It is blue or green, it can be ensured that the steam of high temperature to be produced during de-enzyme, beneficial to tealeaves quality.
The following is the preferred scheme based on such scheme:
Preferred scheme one:A diameter of 0.5-1.5m of the fermenter of tealeaves pile-fermentation device in the step (4), height
It is 1-2m.So that the amount of fermentation of tealeaves is moderate, so that the effect of fermentation is good.
Preferred scheme two:Based on preferred scheme one, the thickness of the baffle plate of tealeaves pile-fermentation device is in the step (4)
0.1-0.15m.When fermenter overturns, baffle plate can support tealeaves.
Preferred scheme three:Based on preferred scheme two, the baffle plate of tealeaves pile-fermentation device is located at fermentation in the step (4)
The middle part of bucket.The tea amount of fermentation is enabled to maximize.
Preferred scheme four:Based on preferred scheme three, first, second, the of tealeaves pile-fermentation device in the step (4)
A diameter of 0.08-0.12m of the cross section of three flow-guiding channels.Tealeaves has caking after preliminary kneading to be occurred, and can be easy to tea
Leaf is dropped out.
Preferred scheme five:Based on preferred scheme four, the time of step (4) pile-fermentation is 15-30h.Can be effective
Control tealeaves mouthfeel and color and luster, the too short mouthfeel that can cause millet paste of fermentation time is bad, and fermentation time is oversize, can cause tea
Soup is muddy.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the processing method of tealeaves of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific embodiment, the present invention is further detailed explanation:
Reference in Figure of description includes:Frame 1, fermenter 2, baffle plate 21, the first flow-guiding channel 211, second
Flow-guiding channel 212, the 3rd flow-guiding channel 213, rotating shaft 3, annular groove 31, torsion spring 4, air bag 5, through hole 51, the first slide plate 52,
Two slide plates 53, the 3rd slide plate 54, the 4th slide plate 55, elastic component 56, push rod 6.
The processing method of tealeaves of the present invention, carries out tealeaves pile-fermentation, such as Fig. 1 institutes using following tealeaves pile-fermentation device
Show, including frame 1, frame 1 includes cross bar and the vertical pole positioned at cross bar two ends, fermenter 2, and fermentation are provided between two vertical poles
The arranged on left and right sides of bucket 2 is connected by rotating shaft 3 with vertical pole, and rotating shaft 3 is fixedly connected with fermenter 2, the vertical pole of rotating shaft 3 and frame 1
Rotate connection.Two rotating shafts 3 are equipped with annular groove 31 near one end of vertical pole, and two rotating shafts 3 are equal near one end of fermenter 2
It is arranged with torsion spring 4.
Fermenter 2 is radially provided with baffle plate 21, baffle plate 21 by 2 points of fermenter for bottom the first fermentation chamber and top the
Two fermentation chambers;The first flow-guiding channel 211, the second flow-guiding channel 212 and the 3rd water conservancy diversion are sequentially provided with baffle plate 21 from left to right to lead to
Road 213, and the first flow-guiding channel 211 and the second flow-guiding channel 212 are in cylindrical shape, the 3rd flow-guiding channel 213 post helically
Shape.
The bottom and top of fermenter 2 are equipped with air bag 5, air bag 5 and are once provided with the first slide plate 52, second from left to right
Slide plate 53, the 3rd slide plate 54, the 4th slide plate 55, the first slide plate 52, the second slide plate 53, the 3rd slide plate 54, the 4th slide plate 55 with
Air bag 5 is slidably connected;The side wall of the air bag 5 between the second slide plate 53 and the 3rd slide plate 54 is provided with through hole 51, and through hole 51 is provided with
Screen cloth, the first slide plate 52 and the second slide plate 53, elastic component 56 is provided between the 3rd slide plate 54 and the 4th slide plate 55, elastic component 56 is
Spring.
The left side of the first slide plate 52 and the right side of the 4th slide plate 55 are respectively connected with push rod 6, and push rod 6 is L-type, and the first slide plate
52 are connected with the 4th slide plate 55 with the quarter butt of push rod 6, and the stock of push rod 6 is connected with torsion spring 4.The bottom of fermenter 2 is provided with charging
Mouth and discharging opening.
Each parameter in the processing method embodiment 1-6 of tealeaves is as shown in table 1:
Table 1
Now the processing method to tealeaves of the present invention by taking embodiment 3 as an example is illustrated:
(1) equipment is built, tealeaves pile-fermentation device, the wherein diameter of fermenter is built according to above-mentioned steps in factory building
It is 1m, is highly 1.5m;The thickness of baffle plate is 0.12m;First flow-guiding channel, the second flow-guiding channel, the horizontal stroke of the 3rd flow-guiding channel
A diameter of 0.1m in section;
(2) finish, by raw material fresh leaf in clear water 14min so that water content increases in tealeaves, is easy to be produced during de-enzyme high
Warm steam so that tealeaves it is of good quality, then put into after the water droplet on tealeaves surface is dried in the green-keeping machine that temperature is 130 DEG C and kill
Green grass or young crops, finish 5.4min so that tea green-keeping is uniform;
(3) tentatively knead, slightly will knead 24min in the tealeaves input kneading machine after de-enzyme so that tealeaves is in strip, and
And the cell membrane in destruction tealeaves, it is easy to tea leaf fermentation;
(4) pile-fermentation, the fermentation chamber that will knead rear tealeaves input fermenter in stripes is fermented, tea during fermentation
Leaf heap can produce heat, and the heat that produces of tealeaves heap inside temperature not inside easy heat radiation, therefore tealeaves heap makes higher than outside
The sub- powerful of inside is obtained, through hole is just pressed the gas through and is entered air bag, the slide plate of gas push second and the 3rd slide plate are moved, and are squeezed
Pressing spring and the first slide plate and the 4th slide plate, the first slide plate and the 4th slide plate just promote push rod to move, and push rod promotes torsion spring to enter
In annular groove, rotating shaft rotates so that fermenter rotates, and another fermentation chamber is located at bottom;Now tealeaves out-pile
The tealeaves in portion enters another fermentation chamber and is located at the bottom of fermentation chamber, second by the first flow-guiding channel and the 3rd flow-guiding channel
In the shape of a spiral, therefore stroke is long for flow-guiding channel, just enters and top is located in fermentation chamber, hence in so that temperature tealeaves high and temperature
Low tealeaves location swap, realizes the upset of tealeaves so that the attenuation degree of tealeaves is consistent;Tealeaves is taken out after fermentation 17h;
(5) type is kneaded into again, will carry out kneadding in the tealeaves input kneading machine after fermentation so that tea-leaf forming;
(6) bakee, will be dried in the tealeaves input dryer of shaping, the temperature of dryer is adjusted to 20 DEG C first,
Again so that the temperature of dryer is risen with the speed of 1.5 DEG C/min so that the preliminary drying of tealeaves, when the temperature of drying is increased to
At 57 DEG C, stop the raw temperature, then drying 45min can be carried out, take out tealeaves, obtain tealeaves finished product.
Embodiment 1-2, embodiment 4-6 are consistent with the processing method of above-mentioned tealeaves.
Experiment:The individual experiment parameter of comparative example 1-6 such as table 2
Table 2
Comparative example 1-4 is different parameter from the difference of embodiment;Comparative example 5, the processing method of the tealeaves of comparative example 6 with
The difference of embodiment 1-6 and comparative example 1-4 is that tealeaves is not soaked in the de-enzyme step of comparative example 5 and comparative example 6;
Pile-fermentation step, pile-fermentation process is to put into fermenter tealeaves to be fermented, and again takes out tealeaves after the completion of fermentation.
Selection embodiment 1-6, each 1 jin of tealeaves being made after the pile-fermentation device fermentation of the parameters of comparative example 1-6,
And 500 people for usually liking drinking black tea are chosen, and carrying out following experiment, 1) Example 1-6, comparative example 1-6 dry ginseng respectively
Numeral system into half jin of tealeaves, extrude tealeaves using same dynamics, same mode;2) whether observation millet paste is muddy;3) allow every
Lineup hears the fragrance of black tea;4) black tea is brewed in the same way, allows each group of people to taste;500 people are allowed respectively to (3)
(4) group experiment given a mark, scoring criterion be divided into it is qualified with it is unqualified.
Experimental result is as follows, embodiment result such as table 3, comparative example result such as table 4
Table 3
Table 4
As can be seen here, the tealeaves being made using the parameters of the embodiment of the present invention 3, it is fragrance, color and luster, in good taste, crush
Rate is low, and millet paste will not be muddy.
For a person skilled in the art, on the premise of structure of the present invention is not departed from, some changes can also be made
Shape and improvement, these should also be considered as protection scope of the present invention, these effects and patent for implementing all without the influence present invention
Practicality.
Claims (6)
1. the processing method of tealeaves, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1)Build process equipment:Tealeaves pile-fermentation device, including the fermenter that frame and two ends are closed are built, frame includes
Cross bar and two vertical poles, fermenter are provided with charging aperture and discharging opening;Fermenter is located between two vertical poles, and fermenter passes through
Rotating shaft is connected with two vertical poles;Baffle plate is provided with the middle part of fermenter, fermenter is divided into two fermentation chambers, baffle plate is provided with
First, second, third flow-guiding channel, the second flow-guiding channel is located between the first, the 3rd flow-guiding channel, and the first, the 3rd water conservancy diversion is logical
Road is cylindrical, the spiral cylinder of the second flow-guiding channel;Radially it is provided with two fermentation chambers in air bag, air bag from a left side
First, second, third, fourth slide plate is slidably connected successively to the right side, is provided between second, third slide plate on bladder sidewall
Through hole, elastic component is respectively connected between the first slide plate and the second slide plate, between the 3rd slide plate and the 4th slide plate;First slide plate and
Four slide plates are respectively connected with the push rod of L-type, and push rod runs through fermenter;Torsion spring, the one end of push rod away from fermenter are arranged with rotating shaft
It is connected with torsion spring, the one end in rotating shaft near vertical pole is provided with annular groove;
2)De-enzyme:Raw material fresh leaf is put into 10-20min is soaked in clear water, then fresh leaf taking-up is dried to surface without water droplet, then thrown
Enter in green-keeping machine and finished, during de-enzyme, finish 5-6min at a temperature of 110-150 DEG C;
3)Tentatively knead:By step(2)Carry out kneading 20-30min in tealeaves input kneading machine after middle de-enzyme;
4)Pile-fermentation:By step(3)In knead after tealeaves input tealeaves pile-fermentation device one of fermentation chamber in
Carry out pile-fermentation;
5)Type is kneaded into again:By step(4)Kneadding is carried out in tealeaves input kneading machine after middle pile-fermentation so that tea-leaf forming;
6)Bakee:By step(5)In knead shaping tealeaves input dryer in be dried, when drying, dryer it is initial
Temperature is 20 DEG C, and the temperature in dryer is raised with the speed of 1-2 DEG C/min again, when the temperature of dryer is increased to 55-60 DEG C
When, stop temperature and raise, then 40-50min is dried, the tealeaves being molded.
2. the processing method of tealeaves according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step(4)Middle tealeaves pile-fermentation
A diameter of 0.5-1.5m of the fermenter of device, is highly 1-2m.
3. the processing method of tealeaves according to claim 2, it is characterised in that:The step(4)Middle tealeaves pile-fermentation
The thickness of the baffle plate of device is 0.1-0.15m.
4. the processing method of tealeaves according to claim 3, it is characterised in that:The step(4)Middle tealeaves pile-fermentation
The baffle plate of device is located at the middle part of fermenter.
5. the processing method of tealeaves according to claim 4, it is characterised in that:The step(4)Middle tealeaves pile-fermentation
A diameter of 0.08-0.12m of the cross section of first, second, third flow-guiding channel of device.
6. the processing method of tealeaves according to claim 5, it is characterised in that:The step(4)The time of pile-fermentation
It is 15-30h.
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Cited By (4)
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CN108419857A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-21 | 务川自治县雾青茶业有限公司 | Tea leaf fermentation device |
CN109452385A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽五亩生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of tea Processing method |
CN111011550A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南华莱生物科技有限公司 | Tea preparation method for improving content of meletin in raw dark green tea |
CN114052094A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-18 | 贵州沃丰茶业有限公司 | Movable dark tea drying rack |
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CN103734366A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州城市职业学院 | Black tea fermentation process and fermentation tank specially for fermentation of black tea |
CN106135489A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-23 | 王崟 | The preparation method of a kind of Dark Green Tea and the Dark Green Tea of preparation thereof |
CN106398977A (en) * | 2016-11-25 | 2017-02-15 | 贵州省仁怀市同乐春酒业营销有限公司 | Fermentation device for baijiu |
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CN201332654Y (en) * | 2008-09-27 | 2009-10-28 | 周红杰 | Pu'er tea fermentation device |
CN103202359A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-07-17 | 湖北省农业科学院果树茶叶研究所 | Full-automatic black tea fermentation device |
CN103734366A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-23 | 柳州城市职业学院 | Black tea fermentation process and fermentation tank specially for fermentation of black tea |
CN106135489A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-11-23 | 王崟 | The preparation method of a kind of Dark Green Tea and the Dark Green Tea of preparation thereof |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN108419857A (en) * | 2018-05-14 | 2018-08-21 | 务川自治县雾青茶业有限公司 | Tea leaf fermentation device |
CN109452385A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-12 | 安徽五亩生态农业发展有限公司 | A kind of tea Processing method |
CN111011550A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-04-17 | 湖南华莱生物科技有限公司 | Tea preparation method for improving content of meletin in raw dark green tea |
CN114052094A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-02-18 | 贵州沃丰茶业有限公司 | Movable dark tea drying rack |
CN114052094B (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2024-01-05 | 贵州沃丰茶业有限公司 | Movable dark tea drying rack |
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