CN106879627A - 硫氢化钠作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用 - Google Patents

硫氢化钠作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用 Download PDF

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CN106879627A
CN106879627A CN201710062710.0A CN201710062710A CN106879627A CN 106879627 A CN106879627 A CN 106879627A CN 201710062710 A CN201710062710 A CN 201710062710A CN 106879627 A CN106879627 A CN 106879627A
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CN106879627B (zh
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金竹萍
郝雪峰
张丽萍
裴雁曦
马青霞
王志清
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Saixikang Shaanxi Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种硫氢化钠(NaHS)作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用,即将NaHS配制成浓度为5‑100μmol·L‑1的水溶液,喷施在未开放或杂交后的植物花器官表面,具有增强植物花粉活力,提高花粉萌发率和花粉管伸长速度的作用。从而可提高果实产量、增加品种多样性、改善品种品质等。本发明成本低廉、安全无毒、操作简单,同时还可以补充植物所需要的硫(S)和钠(Na),具有叶面肥的作用。

Description

硫氢化钠作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用
技术领域:
本发明涉及一种已知化合物的新用途,确切地说是一种硫氢化钠(NaHS)水溶液促进植物花粉萌发的新用途及其使用方法。
背景技术:
花粉是植物的雄配子体,在有性生殖的过程中发挥重要作用,传递雄性亲本的遗传信息。花粉萌发与花粉管伸长是植物完成有性生殖的必经过程,也是植物细胞极性生长分化及信号转导的重要体系。然而,由于种种内在和外界因素的影响,自然界存在大量雄性不育现象,例如因花粉萌发困难所导致的花粉败育现象,导致自花授粉植物的结实率和坐果率不高。杂交育种时往往由于母本柱头不具备父本花粉萌发条件,导致花粉死亡或花粉萌发率下降,从而影响杂交种采收量。即存在异花或常异花授粉植物的杂交率低、杂交后代品质有待改进等问题。因此寻找生态安全,造价低廉,适用性广和作用明显的新型花粉萌发促进剂,对于农业生产中提高果实产量、增加品种多样性、改善品种品质等方面具有很强的现实意义。
硫化氢(H2S)是植物中继一氧化氮和一氧化碳之后发现的一种全新的气体信号分子。最常用的H2S供体是NaHS,溶于水后可以产生H2S气体,即NaHS的硫氢根离子(HS-)与水中的氢离子(H+)结合放出H2S,具体的反应式为:HS-+H+=H2S。NaHS作为H2S的供体,一般用作化工原料。近年来有大量报道证明H2S能够参与调节植物体内的多种生理代谢过程,如促进种子萌发、促进根形态建成、参与光合作用、延缓植物衰老、提高植物抗逆性等。而关于H2S作为植物花粉萌发促进剂还未见报道。
发明内容:
本发明的目的在于提供硫氢化钠(NaHS)促进植物花粉萌发的新用途。即将NaHS配制成一定浓度,喷施在未开放或杂交后的植物花器官表面,具有增强植物花粉活力的功能。具体表现在提高花粉萌发率和花粉管伸长速度方面,从而在农业生产中达到提高果实产量、增加品种多样性、改善品种品质等目的。
本发明提供的硫氢化钠(NaHS)作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用,所述NaHS为浓度5-100μmol·L-1的NaHS水溶液。
本发明的植物花粉萌发促进剂使用方法:使用时现用现配制浓度为5-100μmol·L-1的NaHS水溶液,将其喷施于未开放或已杂交的植物花器官表面。
本发明是根据植物花器官发育的自然生长和生理代谢特点,经过广泛筛选和系统的条件试验完成的。在研究中发现将NaHS配制成一定浓度的水溶液,添加于植物花粉萌发的液体培养基中,有提高花粉萌发率和花粉管伸长速度的作用;将配制好的NaHS水溶液喷施于未开放的植物花器官表面,经过化学染色观察,具有增加花粉活力的效果。
以模式植物拟南芥与栽培面积和消费量居各类蔬菜之首的白菜和黄瓜为实验材料,研究表明上述NaHS水溶液可以明显增加植物花粉活力,其花粉萌发率和花粉管长度较对照有所增加,从而可以增加植物自花授粉的坐果率和异花授粉的成功率。
研究表明,上述NaHS水溶液是NaHS通过在水中缓慢释放出H2S,行使其促进花粉萌发的功能。
与现有技术相比,本发明将NaHS水溶液作为植物花粉萌发促进剂,对植物花粉萌发效果明显,水溶性好,成本低,安全无毒,制备简单。本发明植物花粉萌发促进剂同时还可以补充植物所需要的硫(S)和钠(Na),具有叶面肥的作用。
附图说明:
图1是白菜花器官喷施蒸馏水(对照)和花粉萌发促进剂(NaHS)12小时后,其经TTC(红四氮唑)染色后的显微照相。
图2是拟南芥花粉培养于花粉萌发培养基(对照)和添加花粉萌发促进剂(NaHS)12小时后,花粉萌发率的比较。
图3黄瓜花粉培养于花粉萌发培养基(对照)和添加花粉萌发促进剂(NaHS)12小时后,花粉管长度的比较。
具体实施方式:
以下给出本发明的非限定实施例。
实施例1.称取一水硫氢化钠(NaHS·H2O)加水配制50μmol·L-1的水溶液,该处理液为现用现配。在活体白菜未开放的花器官上喷施,23℃光照12小时后经TTC染色观察其花粉活力,如图1(右)所示,与对照(左)相比,染色较深,花粉活力明显增加。
实施例2.称取NaHS·H2O加水配制10μmol·L-1的水溶液,该处理液为现用现配。添加于拟南芥花粉离体萌发的液体培养基中,27℃光照12小时后显微观察,统计其萌发率较对照显著增加(见图2)。
实施例3.称取NaHS·H2O加水配制20μmol·L-1的水溶液,该处理液为现用现配。添加于黄瓜花粉离体萌发的液体培养基中,27℃光照12小时后显微观察,测量统计其花粉管长度较对照显著增加(见图3)。
实施例4.称取NaHS·H2O加水配制80μmol·L-1的水溶液,该处理液为现用现配。添加于拟南芥花粉离体萌发的固体培养基中,27℃光照12小时后显微观察,统计计算其萌发率较对照显著增加。
由以上结果可知,本发明植物花粉萌发剂能够显著增强花粉活力,增加植物花粉萌发率和花粉管长度,达到良好的促进花粉萌发的效果。

Claims (2)

1.硫氢化钠作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用。
2.如权利要求1所述的硫氢化钠作为植物花粉萌发促进剂的应用,所述硫氢化钠为浓度5-100μmol·L-1的硫氢化钠水溶液。
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