CN106875995A - A kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal - Google Patents
A kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal Download PDFInfo
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- CN106875995A CN106875995A CN201710051755.8A CN201710051755A CN106875995A CN 106875995 A CN106875995 A CN 106875995A CN 201710051755 A CN201710051755 A CN 201710051755A CN 106875995 A CN106875995 A CN 106875995A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21F—PROTECTION AGAINST X-RADIATION, GAMMA RADIATION, CORPUSCULAR RADIATION OR PARTICLE BOMBARDMENT; TREATING RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED MATERIAL; DECONTAMINATION ARRANGEMENTS THEREFOR
- G21F9/00—Treating radioactively contaminated material; Decontamination arrangements therefor
- G21F9/28—Treating solids
- G21F9/30—Processing
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Treatment Of Water By Oxidation Or Reduction (AREA)
- Separation Of Suspended Particles By Flocculating Agents (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal, the method includes dissolving, degraded, filtering, nucleic is detected, COD advanced treatings, the steps such as COD detections, to reduce the storage of nuclear power industry protective articles, accumulation problem, overcome the shortcomings of existing correlation processing technique simultaneously, the invention provides one kind by dissolving, degraded, the modes such as advanced treating realize that low in nuclear power industry to put PVA products innoxious, volume reduction, the method of decrement treatment, the method can reduce the amount of waste that nuclear power industry is produced during construction and operation, and can reduce or even prevent the harm that radioactive element is likely to result in environment and society.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology field, particularly a kind of side for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal
Method.
Background technology
Nuclear energy and nuclear technology also greatly endanger people while great economic benefit and social benefit is brought to the mankind
The health and the safety of environment of class.The treatment of the radioactive solid waste that nuclear power plant produces in the process of running and disposal are nuclear powers
Stand the major issue that must solve in development.Under the background that country greatly develops nuclear power station, the radioactive solid waste of generation
Amount will also be multiplied, and if do not controlled and taking volume reduction measure strictly, radwaste certainly will be caused to keep in pressure, increase final
Disposal costs and power plant's operating cost etc..Rational waste treatment processes are used in nuclear power plant, waste minimization has been met
It is extremely urgent.
According to investigations, in the U.S. and the nuclear power plant of Mexico, most of nuclear power plant is devoted to each by using what is prepared by PVA
Kind of water-soluble Protection Product, such as work clothes, purification paper, overshoes, leakage rod (leakage rod) reduce the behaviour of washing chamber
Make expense and the amount of waste for producing.PVA has the physicochemical characteristic similar with cotton.Its advantage also resides in it and is dissolved in 100
DEG C water.This radioactive material for causing to prepare product by PVA can easily purify be less than MDA or by biochemical treatment, can be with
The waste through processing is set finally to be decomposed into CO2And H2O.Therefore, it can be said that the product is very friendly to environment.
In order to reduce the running cost of nuclear power plant, and the waste produced by domestic nuclear power plant can be substantially reduced by introducing
The PVA Protection Products of amount, establish the environment amenable image of Nuclear Power Industry, expect that exploitation one kind can make full use of PVA to protect and produce
The processing method of the characteristics of product are environmentally friendly.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme：The degradable PVA of low-activity in one kind purification disposal
The method of product, comprises the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by heating and or stirring and or
The mode of self-loopa is by the dissolving of PVA products and water；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity reaches
Target degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again,
Or enter into and further filtered in higher level filtration system；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to national row by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
Put standard；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the water-soluble of state sewage emission standard
Liquid is discharged, and the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching country's discharge mark
It is accurate.
Further, the dissolving step is that the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are fully immersed in into the aqueous solution, is being held
Dissolved in gentle agitation of continuing rising and or the mode of self-loopa, PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid.
Further, the dissolving step temperature is 70-120 DEG C.
Further, the dissolving step temperature is 90-120 DEG C.
Further, the method that the degradation step is used for be catalyzed, aoxidize or catalysis oxidation concerted reaction in one kind
Or it is various.
Further, the method that the degradation step is used for Fenton and or electric Fenton and or photocatalysis and or oxidation
Titanium is catalyzed.
Further, the degradation step reaction temperature is 70-150 DEG C.
Further, the degradation step reaction temperature is 90-120 DEG C.
Further, the filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, will radiation by way of single-stage or multistage filtering
Property element removal it is clean, before filtering first plus appropriate flocculant.
Further, the COD advanced treatings using supercritical oxidation and or ultrasonic cavitation and or light synergistic oxidation and
Or catalysis oxidation and or plasma technique and/or multi-hole medium combustion technology.
Further, the COD advanced treatings use multi-hole medium combustion technology, and nucleic first is detected into degradation solution up to standard
It is atomized, is then passed in porous media combustor, the porous media combustor combustion carrier is titanium dioxide or corundum
Mullite, aperture is：30nm-40nm, using load Pd metals as catalyst.
Compared with prior art, present invention has the advantages that：Asked to reduce the storage of nuclear power industry protective articles, accumulation
Topic, while overcome the shortcomings of existing correlation processing technique, the invention provides one kind by the side such as dissolving, degraded, advanced treating
Formula realizes the low method for putting innoxious PVA products, volume reduction, decrement treatment in nuclear power industry, and the method can reduce nuclear power industry
The amount of waste produced during construction and operation, and can reduce or even prevent radioactive element environment and society may be made
Into harm.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present invention process line map.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal, comprises the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by heating and or stirring and or
The mode of self-loopa is by the dissolving of PVA products and water；The dissolving step is to soak the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity completely
Bubble is dissolved in the aqueous solution in persistently overheating and stirring mode；PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid, temperature
Degree is at 70 DEG C；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；The degradation step uses catalysis, oxidation, or
The method of catalysis oxidation concerted reaction is specific to use Fenton or photocatalysis；Reaction temperature is 150 DEG C；PVA solution is degraded to contain
There are the material of a large amount of small molecule structures, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, aldehyde, ketone etc..Dissolving degradation step can be entered in same reactor
OK, it is also possible to separately carry out, and need to make explosion-protection equipment；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
The filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, removes totally, before filtering radioactive element by way of single-stage is filtered
First plus appropriate flocculant, radioactive element filtering is got rid of, COD depth is entered into by the qualified degradation solution of radiological measuring
Processing system, filters, or enter into the filtering of higher level again by detecting that underproof degradation solution returns to filtration system
In system, most radioactive element removal is clean at last.
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity reaches
Target degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again,
Or enter into and further filtered in higher level filtration system；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to national row by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
Put standard；The COD advanced treatings use supercritical oxidation process, to organic matter and oxygen are fabulous using supercritical water
Solvent the characteristics of, make that organic matter and oxygen contact are good, quickly, course of reaction can be complete in a short time for reaction speed at high temperature
Into between 374.3-600 DEG C, pressure is between 22.1-27Mpa for temperature control；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the water-soluble of state sewage emission standard
Liquid is discharged, and the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching country's discharge mark
It is accurate.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal, comprises the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by way of heating or self-loopa
By in the dissolving of PVA products and water；The dissolving step is that the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are fully immersed in into the aqueous solution,
Dissolved in the mode of persistently overheating and self-loopa；PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid, temperature is 120 DEG C；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；The degradation step uses catalysis, oxidation, or
The method of catalysis oxidation concerted reaction is specific using electric Fenton or photocatalysis；The reaction temperature is 70 DEG C；PVA solution drops
Solution is the material containing a large amount of small molecule structures, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, aldehyde, ketone etc..Dissolving degradation step can be in same reaction
Carried out in kettle, it is also possible to separately carry out, and need to make explosion-protection equipment；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
The filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, by way of multistage filtering that radioactive element removal is clean, before filtering
First plus appropriate flocculant, radioactive element filtering is got rid of, COD depth is entered into by the qualified degradation solution of radiological measuring
Processing system, filters, or enter into the filtering of higher level again by detecting that underproof degradation solution returns to filtration system
In system, most radioactive element removal is clean at last.
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity reaches
Target degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again,
Or enter into and further filtered in higher level filtration system；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to national row by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
Put standard；The COD advanced treatings use ultrasonic cavitation method, and ultrasonic wave produces powerful cavitation bubble by transducer, together
When can be passed through oxygen, ultrasonic wave can make water, oxygen etc. produce substantial amounts of hydroxyl radical free radical, oxygen radical etc. to have Strong oxdiative
Property, and the bubble that ultrasound is produced produces instantaneous high-temperature high pressure while rupture, and COD oxidation removals are fallen；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the water-soluble of state sewage emission standard
Liquid is discharged, and the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching country's discharge mark
It is accurate.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal, comprises the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by way of heating and self-loopa
By in the dissolving of PVA products and water；The dissolving step is that the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are fully immersed in into the aqueous solution,
Dissolved in persistently overheating and stirring mode；PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid, temperature is 90 DEG C；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；The degradation step uses catalysis, oxidation, or
The method of catalysis oxidation concerted reaction is specific to be catalyzed using electric Fenton and titanium oxide；The reaction temperature is 150 DEG C；Make PVA molten
Liquid is degraded to the material containing a large amount of small molecule structures, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, aldehyde, ketone etc..Dissolving degradation step can be same
Carried out in reactor, it is also possible to separately carry out, and need to make explosion-protection equipment；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
The filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, removes totally, before filtering radioactive element by way of single-stage is filtered
First plus appropriate flocculant, radioactive element filtering is got rid of, COD depth is entered into by the qualified degradation solution of radiological measuring
Processing system, filters, or enter into the filtering of higher level again by detecting that underproof degradation solution returns to filtration system
In system, most radioactive element removal is clean at last.
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity reaches
Target degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again,
Or enter into and further filtered in higher level filtration system；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to national row by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
Put standard；The COD advanced treatings make COD reach country's discharge mark using ion body technique, the COD in advanced treatment of waste water
Standard, main using plasma electric arc, moment electric spark dissociating molecular, it is carbon dioxide and water etc. to be thermally oxidized COD；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the water-soluble of state sewage emission standard
Liquid is discharged, and the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching country's discharge mark
It is accurate.
Embodiment 4
As shown in figure 1, a kind of method for purifying the degradable PVA products of low-activity in disposal, comprises the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by way of heating and self-loopa
By in the dissolving of PVA products and water；The dissolving step is that the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are fully immersed in into the aqueous solution,
Dissolved in persistently overheating and stirring mode；PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid, temperature is 100 DEG C；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；The degradation step uses catalysis, oxidation, or
The method of catalysis oxidation concerted reaction is specific to be catalyzed using electric Fenton and titanium oxide；The reaction temperature is 120 DEG C；Make PVA molten
Liquid is degraded to the material containing a large amount of small molecule structures, such as acetic acid, propionic acid, aldehyde, ketone etc..Dissolving degradation step can be same
Carried out in reactor, it is also possible to separately carry out, and need to make explosion-protection equipment；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
The filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, removes totally, before filtering radioactive element by way of single-stage is filtered
First plus appropriate flocculant, radioactive element filtering is got rid of, COD depth is entered into by the qualified degradation solution of radiological measuring
Processing system, filters, or enter into the filtering of higher level again by detecting that underproof degradation solution returns to filtration system
In system, most radioactive element removal is clean at last.
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity reaches
Target degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again,
Or enter into and further filtered in higher level filtration system；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to national row by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
Put standard；The COD advanced treatings use multi-hole medium combustion technology, and nucleic first is detected into degradation solution up to standard is atomized,
Then pass in porous media combustor, the porous media combustor combustion carrier is titanium dioxide or corundum-mullite, hole
Footpath is：30nm-40nm, using load Pd metals as catalyst；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the water-soluble of state sewage emission standard
Liquid is discharged, and the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching country's discharge mark
It is accurate.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification without deviating from spirit of the invention to invention
And scope.So, if these modifications of the invention and modification belong to the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies scope it
Interior, then the present invention is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of the degradable PVA products of low-activity during purification is disposed, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) dissolve：The degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are put into dissolving tank, by heating and or stirring and or follow certainly
Be dissolved in the water for PVA products by the mode of ring；
(2) degrade：PVA lysates are degraded using chemical method；
(3) filter：Degradation solution after degraded is filtered by nucleic filtration system, radioactive element is got rid of；
(4) nucleic detection：Radiological measuring will be carried out by radiacmeter by the degradation solution of filtering, radioactivity is up to standard
Degradation solution carries out COD advanced treatings；The below standard solution of radiological measuring returns nucleic filter and is filtered again, or enters
Enter in higher level filtration system and further filtered；
(5) COD advanced treatings：COD is degraded to country's discharge mark by COD advanced treatment systems by the method for chemical catalytic oxidation
It is accurate；
(6) COD detections：Liquid after COD advanced treatings carries out COD detections, reaches the aqueous solution row of state sewage emission standard
Put, the COD advanced treatment systems that return to of not up to national standard carry out re-oxidation, until reaching discharging standards.
2. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 1 is disposed, its feature exists
In the dissolving step is that the degradable PVA products of middle low-activity are fully immersed in into the aqueous solution, in persistently overheating and stirring
Dissolved in He or the mode of self-loopa, PVA products are completely dissolved as homogeneous liquid.
3. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 1 is disposed, its feature exists
In the dissolving step temperature is 70-120 DEG C.
4. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 1 is disposed, its feature exists
In, the method that the degradation step is used for be catalyzed, aoxidize or catalysis oxidation concerted reaction in one or more.
5. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 4 is disposed, its feature exists
In, the method that the degradation step is used for Fenton and or electric Fenton and or photocatalysis and or titanium oxide catalysis.
6. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 4 is disposed, its feature exists
In the degradation step reaction temperature is 70-150 DEG C.
7. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 1 is disposed, its feature exists
In, the filtration step uses different pore size filter membrane, by way of single-stage or multistage filtering that radioactive element removal is clean,
First add appropriate flocculant before filtering.
8. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 1 is disposed, its feature exists
In, COD advanced treatings using supercritical oxidation and or ultrasonic cavitation and or light synergistic oxidation and or catalysis oxidation and
Or plasma technique and/or multi-hole medium combustion technology.
9. the method for the degradable PVA products of low-activity during a kind of purification according to claim 8 is disposed, its feature exists
In the COD advanced treatings use multi-hole medium combustion technology, nucleic first are detected into degradation solution up to standard is atomized, then
It is passed through in porous media combustor, the porous media combustor combustion carrier is titanium dioxide or corundum-mullite, and aperture is：
30nm-40nm, using load Pd metals as catalyst.
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| CN107552547A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-01-09 | 深圳市厚植复材科技工程有限公司 | The degradation technique and device systems of polyvinyl alcohol product |
| CN107658038A (en) * | 2017-08-30 | 2018-02-02 | 广东核电合营有限公司 | Radiological techniques treatment of wastes produced method |
| CN107731336A (en) * | 2017-09-29 | 2018-02-23 | 西南科技大学 | The method that combination of ultrasound wet oxidation Fenton methods handle radioactive wastewater |
| CN112820438A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-05-18 | 东部技术公司 | Chemical oxidation treatment process of PVA waste treatment system |
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| CN112820438A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-05-18 | 东部技术公司 | Chemical oxidation treatment process of PVA waste treatment system |
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