CN1068758A - Internal cylinder type magnetic separating method and equipment thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The magnetic selection method and the equipment thereof of cartridge type are characterized in that magnetic ties up to the outer surface of cylinder in a kind of, utilize the cylinder inner surface that rotates to make working face, come the magnetic separation material.Thereby make handled material near magnetic system surface as far as possible; And make it long as far as possible in workspace, the magnetic field holdup time; Utilize the cylinder inner surface that rotates that material is constantly rolled; Make magnetic force direction consistent, and effectively utilize gravity with gravity.It is effective that the magnetic plant that utilization the method manufactures and designs has magnetic separation, the advantage that cost is low.

Description

Internal cylinder type magnetic separating method and equipment thereof

The invention belongs to the magnetic plant technology.

Magnetic separation is one of the most frequently used means of ore dressing industry, deironing industry.The development of magnetic separator is very fast, and table (1) is the classification chart of the present magnetic separator that uses.

Be magnetization, the weak magnetic particle of absorption, improve the ability that sorts of magnetic separator, just must realize high-intensity magnetic field or improve magnetic field gradient (△ H/ △ X)) to obtain bigger magnetic field condition HX(△ H/ △ X.Therefore high intensity magnetic separator and high gradient magnetic separator just arise at the historic moment, and have obtained extraordinary magnetic separation effect in practicality.Even the superconduction intensity magnetic separator of now having developed, also begin to enter practicality.Table (2) is listed magnetic field intensity, magnetic field gradient and the magnetic field condition of several typical magnetic separators, we can say that the highfield condition is the developing direction of current magnetic separator.

But increase magnetic field intensity H or magnetic field gradient △ H/ △ X, certain degree of difficulty is not only arranged technically, and this kind equipment cost expense is surprisingly high, therefore limited the practical application of this type of magnetic plant.

With of the present invention relevant be various drum magnetic separators, the working face of these drum magnetic separators all is the outer surface of tube, is typically wet type permanent magnet field magnetic separator; Its operation principle is seen figure (1), compares with the present invention, and following weak point is arranged.

1. magnetic field must overcome gravity, the magnetic separation sorting substances can be come out.

2. because the bed of material has certain thickness △ r=r- ₄r ₃, and work sideshake a=r ₃-r ₂, therefore also must possess enough magnetic field intensities at the depth of interaction a+ of maximum △ r place could be adsorbed onto drum surface with magnetic material.

3. owing to require certain workload, delivery rate is certain, and then material is short in working region, the magnetic field holdup time, and the magnetic field grading machine can lack.

4. material levels string motivation can be lacked, and is unfavorable for sorting.

The present invention aims to provide and a kind ofly can overcome above-mentioned weak point, the most effective method of utilizing magnetic energy, and utilize the method to design a kind of magnetic separator cheaply.

Task of the present invention just provides a kind of new magnetic selection method: under the prerequisite of the magnetic field intensity that does not improve magnetic system, utilizing magnetic as much as possible is surface electric field intensity work; Prolongation magnetic field is to the action time of material; Effectively utilize gravity and centrifugal force.And design in this way a kind of novel magnetic plant 1. (under the identical prerequisite of the ability of sorting) its be that the requirement of magnetic field intensity is lower to magnetic, the manufacturing cost of this novel magnetic plant is much lower than the magnetic separator of other type.2. or under the identical situation of tube table magnetic field intensity, the ability that sorts of this novel magnetic plant than the magnetic separator of other type from many.

Schematic diagram of the present invention is seen accompanying drawing 2, Fig. 3.

The thin cylinder of being made by non-magnet material fills material for 1 li, and cylinder 1 rotates, and it is 6 that there is fixing magnetic the cylinder outside, and magnetic is that inner surface and barrel outer surface should be positioned as close to, so that effectively utilize the surface electric field intensity of magnetic system.Along with cylindrical shell rotates, material constantly rolls in cylindrical shell, in this process, magnetic material will be arrived the inner surface of cylindrical shell by magnetic attraction, and along with the rotation of cylindrical shell forwards the top to, because of the no magnetic field effect of cylindrical shell top, magnetic material is just under the gravity effect, just in time drop on V-type and connect material in the groove 2,, its brush is fallen into the groove that connects material by brush board 3 to some magnetic materials that still adheres to the tube table.And screw feeder conveyer 5 is housed in the groove 2 that connects material, the magnetic material that falls into groove is sent material outlet.And non-magnetic material is still in the cylindrical shell bottom, because of cylindrical shell is tilting; Inclination angle [theta] (referring to Fig. 3), so material rotates with cylindrical shell, and a horizontal component velocity v is just arranged ₁=vSin θ (v is the linear velocity of cylinder inner surface) is referring to Fig. 6, and this horizontal component velocity is brought non-magnetic material into outlet by import.

The actual motion that material is shown in cylindrical shell is except that being magneticly elected the magnetic material that falls into the groove that connects material; The motion of remaining material is at first risen with cylindrical shell, rise to certain height after, be tiltedly to leave body, fall the cylindrical shell bottom again, the rising one of beginning next round tiltedly leaves body, repeated multiple times like this is up to material outlet.Hence one can see that, material is in this process, longer in workspace, the magnetic field holdup time, material constantly rolling in cylindrical shell makes material and cylinder inner surface touch opportunity more, and cylinder inner surface is the side the most doughtily of magnetic field intensity, magnetic material exists the trend to the cylinder inner surface motion all the time under the effect of magnetic field, so most magnetic materials all will be adsorbed to cylinder inner surface, and then rotate to rise with cylindrical shell and to take no magnetic region to and fall into the groove that connects material, be sorted out.

For increasing the ability that sorts in magnetic field, be welded with horizontal bar plate 4 at cylinder inner surface, the line reinforcing bar of arranging in the shape of a spiral, horizontal bar plate 4 plays the scraper effect, see that Fig. 2 suddenly disappears owing to magnetic field at the A point, magnetic field gradient is big herein, and the magnetic thing might be detained this point, and the magnetic material that the effect of horizontal bar plate will be trapped in this point is exactly scraped and taken away.Reinforcing bar 7 is magnetized under the magnetic field induction effect, and reinforcing bar just is equivalent to a little magnetic patch, can improve separating effect like this.

Do one with regard to major parameter computing formula of the present invention below and elaborate, for convenient calculating made 2 hypothesis

I) supposes that material is distributed in cylinder interior by Fig. 5 method;

II) ignores interaction between the material.

A) calculating of production capacity P.

If radius of circle R(rice in the cylindrical shell), drum rotation speed n rev/min

Inner circle-line speed V then

V=(2 π nR)/60 meter per seconds (1)

Horizontal component velocity V ₁

V ₁=VSin θ meter per second (2)

Referring to Fig. 5

OC＝ OO－ CO＝R－h

∴COS (β)/2 ＝ (Oc)/(OB) ＝ (R-h)/(R)

∴β＝2arc cos (R-h)/(R) （3）

Dash area area Sm among Fig. 5 ²

S＝ (R ²)/2 ( (πβ)/180 －Sinβ) （4）

Productivity ratio P

P＝Vl·S×3600×ρ （5）

In the formula: P-productivity ratio ton/hour

Averag density ton/the rice of the ρ-material of handling ³

B) material is at workspace, magnetic field upset number of times K

As shown in Figure 6, establish a certain material and rise to E point by the low G of tube and begin to break away from, this seasonal ∠ EOF=a by mechanical analysis as can be known: the normal pressure N=O of this material and cylinder inner surface at this moment

∴ frictional force F=Nf=O

Then: m (V ²)/(R)=N+mgsina

a-acosin (V ²)/(R _θ) （6）

Material rises to E point required time t by the G point ₁(second)

t ₁＝ (ABC)/(V) ＝ (（90+a）πR/180)/(2πnR/60)

∴t ₁＝ (90+a)/(6n) （7）

The E point coordinates:

X _E＝RCosa

Y _E＝RSilna （8）

Crossing the E point is tiltedly to leave the body motion

Tiltedly throwing initial velocity is V, tiltedly throws angle 90-a

By oblique throwing equation:

X＝X _E-VCos（90-a）·t＝X _E-VSinat

Y＝Y _E+VSin（90-a）·t- 1/2 gt ²＝YE+VCosa·t- 1/2 gt ²

Two formulas in (8) formula substitution are had:

X＝Rcosa-vsina·t （9）

Y＝Rsina+vcosa·t- 1/2 gt ²（10）

With circle coordinates equation in the two formula substitutions:

X ²+Y ²＝R ²

And abbreviation solves time t, and t is made in order ₂(t ₂Be that material is tiltedly thrown cylindrical shell bottom required time from the E point)

$t=\underset{\&OverBar;}{\mathrm{Rg}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}+\mathrm{Vg}\sin \mathrm{\&alpha;}}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="V"\; filenames="91108116X\_DRIMG2.png,91108116X\_DRIMG3.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}^2+V^3}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="V"\; filenames="91108116X\_DRIMG2.png,91108116X\_DRIMG3.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">V</figure-callout>}}^2+\frac{1}{4}{g}^2}-----\left(11\right)$

This material T that once takes time altogether that whenever rolls

T＝t ₁+t ₂（12）

The material along continuous straight runs X that advances in time T ₁Rice

X ₁＝VSinθ·T （13）

If the long Lm rice of magnetic system

Then this thing is at magnetic workspace upset number of times K

K＝ (Lm)/(Xl) ＝ (Lm)/(VSinθ·T) （14）

C) material is at workspace retention time t ₂

t ₂＝ (Lm)/(VSinθ) （15）

Advantage of the present invention is summarized 6 points

1, because magnetic selection method of the present invention is to utilize material and drum surface directly to touch to carry out magnetic separation, can makes full use of magnet surface and closely locate the strong characteristics of magnetic field intensity, the more abundant magnetic force that effectively utilizes improves the magnetic separation effect.

2, material constantly rolls in cylindrical shell, has increased material and the chance that cylinder inner surface (strength, magnetic field) contacts, and can strengthen separating effect greatly.

3, material at cylinder inner surface only with speed V ₁=Vsin θ advances, because the θ value generally obtains very for a short time, the Lm value obtains suitably, so material is long in the magnetic workspace holdup time; Be equivalent to of the repeatedly magnetic separation of general magnetic separator to same material.

4, magnetic force method for separating of the present invention need not overcome gravity, and because the proportion of general magnetic material is bigger, then its centrifugal force also helps sorting, so magnetic separation effect of the present invention (with same cost calculation) will exceed all kinds of magnetic separators greatly.On another angle, reaching under the prerequisite of same separating effect, if adopt magnetic selection method of the present invention, can adopt less magnetic field intensity, therefore can reduce the manufacturing cost of magnetic separator significantly.

5, use magnetic selection method design magnetic separator of the present invention, structure is very simple, is convenient to make.Because magnetic ties up to external of seating nipple, magnetic system can adjust replacing as required easily.

6, use the magnetic separator of magnetic selection method design of the present invention, applicable different workload needs, as long as adjust barrel dliameter R inclination angle [theta] rightly.

Fig. 1 wet type cylinder type magnetic separator, magnetic system is positioned at r ₁＜r ₂＜r ₃In the zone, sort between r3 and r4 and carry out.

Fig. 2 principle of the invention figure, side is analysed and observe.

Fig. 3 schematic diagram of the present invention is just analysed and observe.

The horizontal component velocity V1 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 5 material is hypothetical distribution in cylindrical shell.

The a certain material of Fig. 6 begins to break away from the force diagram of cylinder inboard wall.

The schematic diagram of Fig. 7 bulk material optimum implementation.

Optimum implementation

1, the magnetic separator to processing free-flowing materials can design by the structure of Fig. 9

Cylindrical shell forms with magnetic stainless steel thin plate circle system not.

Motor 10 is by after gearbox 10 speed changes, drive drum pulley 14 by small belt pulley 12 usefulness flat belts, and drum pulley 14 usefulness keys connect with axle 9, so axle will be with belt pulley with same rotational speed, thereby drive screw feeder 5 work, cylinder is by axle 9, inlet axle bed position 15 and outlet axle bed position 19 and bearing are fixed on and (do not draw among the figure) on the frame, magnetic system also is fixed on the frame, the 16th, material inlet, the 17th, non-magnetic material outlet, the 18th, magnetic material outlet, the inclination angle [theta] of cylindrical shell realizes by the inclination angle of frame, and is designed to adjustable (this figure does not draw).

2, to handling the magnetic separator of wet type material, structure is same as described above basically: just will improve the height of inlet 16 and outlet 17 when design, so that ore pulp can deposit in cylindrical shell, suitably increased in size L1 and L2 simultaneously are so that discharging and magnetic separation.

Claims (1)

1. A kind of cylinder inner wall that utilizes rotation is made the magnetic selection method of working face, and the magnetic plant of making in this way.It is characterized in that:

   (1) cylinder slowly runs;

   (2) directly with the cylinder inner surface contact, cylinder inner surface is a working face to material;

   (3) magnetic system is mounted in the cylinder outside;

   (4) cylinder is made with non-magnet_conductible material;

   (5) cylinder and horizontal plane have an inclination angle;

   (6) cylinder interior has the v type groove that connects material, and deposits the ferromagnetic materials that has been magneticly elected.

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