CN106873352A - Pulse integration ball atomic clock system - Google Patents
Pulse integration ball atomic clock system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106873352A CN106873352A CN201710015496.3A CN201710015496A CN106873352A CN 106873352 A CN106873352 A CN 106873352A CN 201710015496 A CN201710015496 A CN 201710015496A CN 106873352 A CN106873352 A CN 106873352A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G04—HOROLOGY
- G04F—TIME-INTERVAL MEASURING
- G04F5/00—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards
- G04F5/14—Apparatus for producing preselected time intervals for use as timing standards using atomic clocks
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of pulse integration ball atomic clock system, by DSP CONTROL first integral ball and the work schedule of second integral ball, can cause first integral ball and second integral ball alternately locking crystal oscillator.By the way that alternately locking the crystal oscillator reduces Dick effects, so that the integrating sphere atomic clock system can have more stable rate-adaptive pacemaker.In addition, the cost of crystal oscillator is relatively low.Therefore, the integrating sphere atomic clock system that the present invention is provided, has the advantages that low cost and stability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to precision instrument technical field, more particularly to a kind of pulse integration ball atomic clock system.
Background technology
The development of high-performance, compact and low power consumption atomic clock suffers from important to numerous scientific researches and industrial production
Meaning.The application of atomic clock includes gravitational wave detection, the checking of general theory of relativity, new generation satellite navigation positioning, Network Synchronization
And the Time keeping system on mobile platform.In the atomic clock of numerous types, alkali metal air chamber atomic clock relies on its simple knot
Structure and stability higher, increasingly arouse people's interest.In the last few years, along with the development of the technologies such as laser, it is based on
The short-term stability of the laboratory level atomic clock of pulse integration ball (Integrating sphere) technology has reached 1-4 × 10-13
τ-1/2Magnitude.Above-mentioned atomic clock improves general two magnitudes than the atomic clock of present commercial rubidium light pumping, short-term
Also constantly close to the index of hydrogen clock in stability.
The principal element for limiting the atom short-term stability of above-mentioned atomic clock includes：Quantum projection noise, the phase of laser
The crystal oscillator noise brought to intensity noise, frequency-amplitude modulation conversion noise and Dick effects.Early in nineteen ninety, G.J.Dick
Dick effects are found that.But it be not at that time the main of the short-term stability of atomic clock because Dick effect magnitudes are smaller
Restraining factors.But with the application of pulse integration ball (Integrating sphere) atomic clock, the short-term stability of atomic clock
The quantum projection noise limit is moved closer to, Dick effects also gradually become the short-term stability of restriction alkali metal Air-chamber type atomic clock
A key factor.
In order to reduce the Dick effects of atomic clock, can be using the more excellent crystal oscillator of phase noise property (such as low temperature indigo plant
Sapphire oscillators etc.) replace common crystals.But the complex structure and price of the more excellent crystal oscillator of above-mentioned phase noise property
It is expensive.It is larger, relatively costly so as to result in the overall volume of the pulse integration ball atomic clock with said structure.
The content of the invention
Based on this, it is necessary to for above-mentioned technical problem, there is provided a kind of small volume, low cost and Dick effects can be reduced
Pulse integration ball atomic clock system.
A kind of pulse integration ball atomic clock system, including crystal oscillator and the frequency synthesizer and the crystalline substance of crystal oscillator connection
Shake connection PID device and the PID device connection digital signal processor and laser occur
Device, the frequency signal that the crystal oscillator sends is converted into microwave signal by the frequency synthesizer, further includes：
The microwave sequential adjuster being connected with the digital signal processor, the microwave that the frequency synthesizer sends
Signal is by being divided into the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal, the microwave sequential adjuster after the microwave sequential adjuster
Sequential for adjusting first microwave signal and second microwave signal, the digital signal processor is used to adjust institute
State the sequential of the laser signal that generating device of laser sends；
First integral ball and second integral ball, the generating device of laser can send the first exploring laser light, the second detection
Laser, the first cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser, first exploring laser light and the first cooling pumping swash
Light enters the first integral ball, and second exploring laser light and the second cooling pumping laser enter the second integral
Ball；
The photoelectric sensor being connected with the digital signal processor, the photoelectric sensor is used to receive via institute
The optical signal of the output of first integral ball and the first integral ball is stated, and is translated into electric signal transmission to the numeral letter
Number processor, the digital signal processor calculates deviation correcting signal according to the electric signal；The PID device root
The frequency signal that the crystal oscillator is exported is adjusted according to the deviation correcting signal.
Wherein in one embodiment, the microwave sequential adjuster includes the first microwave switch and the second microwave switch,
First microwave switch connects with the frequency synthesizer, the first integral ball and the digital signal processor respectively
Connect, second microwave switch respectively with the frequency synthesizer, the second integral ball and the digital signal processor
Connection.
Wherein in one embodiment, the photoelectric sensor includes what is be connected with the digital signal processor respectively
First photodetector and the second photodetector, the optical signal of the first integral ball output is by first photodetection
Device is transformed into electric signal and is input into the digital signal processor, and the optical signal of the second integral ball output passes through second light
Electric explorer is transformed into electric signal and is input into the digital signal processor.
Wherein in one embodiment, the generating device of laser includes what is be connected with the digital signal processor respectively
Cooling pumping generating device of laser and exploring laser light generating means, the cooling pumping generating device of laser send described first
By the DSP CONTROL, the detection swashs the sequential of cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser
First exploring laser light that light generating apparatus send and the sequential of second exploring laser light are by the Digital Signal Processing
Device is controlled.
Wherein in one embodiment, the exploring laser light generating means includes detecting laser, the first light-dividing device, divides
The first sound-optic modulator and second sound-optic modulator not being connected with the digital signal processor, the detecting laser send
Laser the beam laser of intensity identical two is divided into by first light-dividing device, the two beams laser respectively enters described
One acousto-optic modulator and the second sound-optic modulator, so that the first sound-optic modulator sends first exploring laser light and enters
Enter the first integral ball, the second sound-optic modulator sends second exploring laser light into the second integral ball；Institute
State digital signal processor controls described first to visit respectively by the first sound-optic modulator and the second sound-optic modulator
Survey the sequential of laser and second exploring laser light.
Wherein in one embodiment, the cooling pumping generating device of laser include cooling pump laser, second point
Electro-optical device, the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and falling tone optical modulator, the laser that the cooling pump laser sends is by described the
Two light-dividing devices are divided into the beam laser of intensity identical two, and the two beams laser respectively enters the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and institute
Falling tone optical modulator is stated, so that the 3rd acousto-optic modulator sends the first cooling pumping laser and enters the described first product
Bulb separation, the falling tone optical modulator sends the second cooling pumping laser and enters the second integral ball；The numeral letter
Number processor controls the first cooling pumping to swash respectively by the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and the falling tone optical modulator
The sequential of light and the second cooling pumping laser.
Wherein in one embodiment, the first magnetic shielding device and the second magnetic shielding device, described first are further included
The first field coil is provided with magnetic shielding device, the second field coil, described are provided with second magnetic shielding device
One integrating sphere is arranged at the first magnetic shielding device, and the second integral ball is arranged at second magnetic shielding device.
Wherein in one embodiment, the free evolution time and described second in the work schedule of the first integral ball
Cooling, pumping and detection time in integrating sphere work schedule at least partly overlap, in the work schedule of the first integral ball
Cooling, pumping and detection time at least partly overlap with the free evolution time in the second integral ball work schedule.
Wherein in one embodiment, the first integral ball can replace with the second integral ball and lock the crystalline substance
Shake, so that when the first integral ball is in free Evolution States, the second integral ball is in cooling, laser pump (ing) shape
State；When the first integral ball is in cooling, laser pump (ing) state, the second integral ball is in free Evolution States.
Wherein in one embodiment, the crystal oscillator is crystal oscillator.
The pulse integration ball atomic clock system that the present invention is provided, by the first product described in the DSP CONTROL
The work schedule of bulb separation and the second integral ball, can cause that the first integral ball and the second integral ball are alternately locked
The crystal oscillator.By alternately locking the crystal oscillator and reducing Dick effects, so that the integrating sphere atomic clock system can be with
With more stable rate-adaptive pacemaker.In addition, the cost of crystal oscillator is relatively low.Therefore, the integrating sphere atomic clock system that the present invention is provided,
There is low cost and stability is high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is pulsed integrating sphere atomic clock working timing figure；
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the light path schematic diagram when pulse integration ball atomic clock system of the embodiment of the present invention works；
Fig. 7 is the working timing figure of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the working timing figure of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is the working timing figure of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system of the embodiment of the present invention.
Main element symbol description
Pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100
Exploring laser light generating means 102
Cooling pumping generating device of laser 103
Crystal oscillator 110
Frequency synthesizer 120
Generating device of laser 130
Cooling pump laser 131
Detecting laser 132
3rd acousto-optic modulator 133
First sound-optic modulator 134
Falling tone optical modulator 135
Second sound-optic modulator 136
Second light-dividing device 137
First light-dividing device 138
First integral ball 140
First magnetic shielding device 142
Second integral ball 150
Second magnetic shielding device 152
Photoelectric sensor 160
First photodetector 162
Second photodetector 164
Digital signal processor 170
PID device 180
Photoelectric sensor 190
First microwave switch 192
Second microwave switch 194
Specific embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples pair
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, is pulsed integrating sphere atomic clock working timing figure.The pulsed integrating sphere atomic clock is worked
Journey includes cooling pumping, microwave action, freely develops and detect four parts.Wherein τcpRepresent cooling pumping time, τp1And τp2
The microwave action time is represented, T represents free evolution time, τdRepresent detection time, TcRepresent loop time.By the timing diagram of Fig. 1
Understand, atom only can just experience the phase place change of crystal oscillator output signal during free evolution T, and in cooling pump probe
Time, crystal oscillator phase is not to be locked on atom, and this period is also referred to as being Dead Time Td.Dead Time TdJust
Cause in a work period TcInterior, it is always 1 that the phse sensitivity function of pulse integration ball atomic clock is not.Therefore, phase
The frequency spectrum of position sensitivity function can be broadened, and then cause its nth harmonic and n/TcThe crystal oscillator phase noise at place (is generally usedRepresent) there is mixing effect, so as to produce mixed frequency signal.Feedback control loop can believe this mixed frequency signal as error
Number so feed back to crystal oscillator to optimize the output of crystal oscillator, so as to cause to deteriorate to the short-term stability of crystal oscillator.Foregoing description is exactly
Dick effects in pulse integration ball atomic clock, and Dick effects are for influence that crystal oscillator is exported.
Fig. 2 is referred to, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of pulse integration ball atomic clock system that can reduce Dick effects
100.Frequency synthesizer 120 of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100 including crystal oscillator 110 and the connection of the crystal oscillator 110,
Microwave sequential adjuster 190, generating device of laser 130, first integral ball 140, second integral ball 150, photoelectric sensor
160th, digital signal processor 170 and PID device 180.
The crystal oscillator 110 can be crystal oscillator.Specifically, the crystal oscillator 110 can be one and voltage-controlled shake
Device is swung, its output frequency can be controlled by crystal oscillator input voltage.Such as, input voltage increases output frequency and will increase, defeated
Entering voltage reduction output frequency will reduce.The frequency signal that the crystal oscillator 110 sends is changed by the frequency synthesizer 120
Into microwave signal.The frequency synthesizer 120 is by microwave signal input microwave sequential adjuster 190 so that described micro-
Ripple signal is divided into the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal.The microwave sequential adjuster 190 can be by first microwave
In first integral ball 140 described in signal input.Second input signal can be input into institute by the microwave sequential adjuster 190
In stating second integral ball 150.
The generating device of laser 130 can send the first exploring laser light, the second exploring laser light, the first cooling pumping laser
With the second cooling pumping laser.First exploring laser light is identical with the intensity of second exploring laser light.First cooling
Pumping laser is identical with the intensity of the described second cooling pumping laser.First exploring laser light and the first cooling pumping swash
Light enters the first integral ball 140.Second exploring laser light and the second cooling pumping laser enter the described second product
Bulb separation 150.The first integral ball 140 and the second integral ball 150 are alkali metal integrating sphere, former for providing alkali metal
Sub- steam.In one embodiment, the alkali metal atom can be87Rb、85Rb or133Cs。
The digital signal processor 170 connects with the generating device of laser 130 and the microwave sequential adjuster 190
Connect.The digital signal processor 170 controls first microwave signal and described by the microwave sequential adjuster 190
The sequential of two microwave signals.The digital signal processor 170 controls first detection by the generating device of laser 130
The sequential of laser, second exploring laser light, the first cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser.The light
Electrical sensing device 160 is connected with the digital signal processor 170.
The photoelectric sensor 160 is used for the light for exporting the first integral ball 140 and the second integral ball 150
Signal is converted into electric signal, and is transferred to the digital signal processor 170.The digital signal processor 170 is according to described
Electric signal calculates deviation correcting signal.The PID device 180 and the crystal oscillator 110 and the digital signal processor
170 connections.The deviation correcting signal that the PID device 180 is calculated according to the digital signal processor 170, produces anti-
Feedback signal is adjusted to the frequency signal that the crystal oscillator 110 is exported.The feedback signal is a magnitude of voltage, so that using institute
Stating feedback signal can adjust the output frequency of the crystal oscillator 110.The operation principle of atomic clock system is exactly with the transition of atom
Spectral line is reference, crystal oscillator is entered into line frequency with atom by the microwave that frequency synthesizer is exported and is compared.If the frequency of microwave and
The centre frequency of atom has difference, then can export one due to feedback voltage feedback caused by this deviation by system
Onto crystal oscillator, so crystal oscillator frequency can be adjusted to it is accurate as the centre frequency of atom.
The pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100 controls first microwave by the digital signal processor 170
The sequential of the laser that signal, second microwave signal and the generating device of laser 130 send, so that described
One integrating sphere 140 and second integral ball 150 alternately lock the crystal oscillator 110.By way of alternately locking the crystal oscillator 110,
Dead Time is reduced, so as to reduce Dick effects.Therefore, the integrating sphere atomic clock system 100 can have more steady
Fixed crystal oscillator frequency output.Further, since the cost of the crystal oscillator 110 is relatively low, pulse integration ball provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Atomic clock system 100, has the advantages that low cost and stability is high.
Fig. 3 is referred to, in one embodiment, the microwave sequential adjuster 190 can specifically be opened including the first microwave
The microwave switch 194 of pass 192 and second.First microwave switch 192 is accumulated with the frequency synthesizer 120, described first respectively
Bulb separation 140 and the digital signal processor 170 are connected.Second microwave switch 192 respectively with the frequency synthesizer
120th, the second integral ball 150 and the digital signal processor 170 are connected.
After the crystal oscillator frequency that the crystal oscillator 110 sends is input into the frequency synthesizer 120, microwave signal is converted to.It is described
Frequency synthesizer 120 can send two microwave signals of frequency identical (correspondence first microwave signal and described second micro-
Ripple signal).Described two microwave signals are controlled by first microwave switch 192 and second microwave switch 194 respectively
Folding.The digital signal processor 170 can respectively control first microwave switch 192 and second microwave switch
194 folding, so as to control the sequential of described two microwave signals (first microwave signal and second microwave signal).
Therefore, first microwave that can be obtained into the first integral ball 140 by the microwave sequential adjuster 190 is believed
Number, and second microwave signal for entering the second integral ball 150.And the digital signal processor 170 may be used also
First microwave signal and described is controlled respectively with by first microwave switch 192 and second microwave switch 194
The sequential of the second microwave signal.
Fig. 3 is referred to, the photoelectric sensor 160 is used to receive the first integral ball 140 and the second integral
The optical signal of the output of ball 150.The photoelectric sensor 160 can include being connected with the digital signal processor 170 respectively
The first photodetector 162 and the second photodetector 164.The optical signal of the output of first integral ball 140 is by described
First photodetector 162 is transformed into electric signal and is input into the digital signal processor 170.The second integral ball 140 is exported
Optical signal electric signal be transformed into by second photodetector 164 be input into the digital signal processor 170.
Fig. 4 is referred to, the generating device of laser 130 includes cold with what the digital signal processor 170 was connected respectively
But pumping laser generating means 103 and exploring laser light generating means 102.The cooling pumping generating device of laser 103 can be sent out
Go out the first cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser.The exploring laser light generating means 102 can send
First exploring laser light and second exploring laser light.The digital signal processor 170 can control first cooling
The sequential of pumping laser, the second cooling pumping laser, first exploring laser light and second exploring laser light.
Fig. 5 is referred to, the exploring laser light generating means 102 includes detecting laser 132, the first light-dividing device 138, divides
The first sound-optic modulator 134 and second sound-optic modulator 136 not being connected with the digital signal processor 170.The detection
The laser that laser 132 sends is divided into the beam laser of intensity identical two (with described first by first light-dividing device 138
Exploring laser light is corresponding with second exploring laser light).The two beams laser respectively enters the first sound-optic modulator 134 and institute
State second sound-optic modulator 136.The first sound-optic modulator 134 can send first exploring laser light into described first
Integrating sphere 140.The second sound-optic modulator 136 can send second exploring laser light into the second integral ball 150.
The digital signal processor 170 is controlled respectively by the first sound-optic modulator 134 and the second sound-optic modulator 136
The sequential of first exploring laser light and second exploring laser light.
The structure of first light-dividing device 138 is not limited, as long as the laser that can be sent the detecting laser 132 point
Into the beam of intensity identical two.In one embodiment, first light-dividing device 138 includes a unpolarized light splitting rib
Mirror, two polarization splitting prisms and two speculums.The laser that the detecting laser 132 sends is by described unpolarized
Amici prism is divided into two beams, then respectively enters the first integral ball 140 and described by described two polarization splitting prisms
Second integral ball 150.Laser into the first integral ball 140 after the speculum reflects, then by one
The polarization splitting prism enters first photodetector 162.Laser into the second integral ball 150 passes through one
After the speculum reflection, then first photodetector 162 is entered by a polarization splitting prism.
Fig. 5 is referred to, the cooling pumping generating device of laser 103 includes cooling pump laser 131, the second light splitting dress
Put the 137, the 3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 and falling tone optical modulator 135.The laser that the cooling pump laser 131 sends leads to
Cross second light-dividing device 137 and be divided into the beam laser of intensity identical two (correspondence the first cooling pumping laser and described
Second cooling pumping laser).The two beams laser respectively enters the 3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 and the falling tone light modulation
Device 135.3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 sends the first cooling pumping laser and enters the first integral ball 140.It is described
Falling tone optical modulator 135 sends the second cooling pumping laser and enters the second integral ball 150.At the data signal
Reason device 170 controls first cooling pump respectively by the 3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 and the falling tone optical modulator 135
The sequential of Pu laser and the second cooling pumping laser.The structure of second light-dividing device 137 is not limited, as long as can be by institute
State the cooling laser that sends of pump laser 131 and be divided into the beam of intensity identical two.In one embodiment, described second point
Electro-optical device 137 is unpolarized Amici prism.
Fig. 6 is referred to, in one embodiment, the pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100 can further include
First magnetic shielding device 142 and the second magnetic shielding device 152.The first integral ball 140 is arranged at the first magnetic shielding device
142.The second integral ball 150 is arranged at second magnetic shielding device 152.First magnetic shielding device 142 and second
Magnetic shielding device 152 is used to provide magnetic screen.It is appreciated that being also provided with axis field coil in the magnetic shielding device
(not shown).The axis field coil is used to be provided to integrating sphere the axis magnetic field of stabilization.
Connection and light path schematic diagram when Fig. 6 is the work of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100.Below with Fig. 6
As a example by, illustrate the course of work of the pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100.The 10M frequency signals that the crystal oscillator 110 is produced lead to
Crossing the generation of the frequency synthesizer 120 can be with the microwave signal of atomic resonance.The microwave signal is divided into frequency and intensity
The microwave signal of identical first and the second microwave signal.First microwave signal and the second microwave signal are opened by the first microwave respectively
Close 192 (microwave switches 1) and the second microwave switch 194 (microwave switch 2) enters into first integral ball 140 and second integral ball
150.First microwave switch 192 and the second microwave switch 194 are connected with digital signal processor 170 (DSP operation module) respectively.
Digital signal processor 170 controls the first microwave signal and second micro- by the first microwave switch 192 and the second microwave switch 194
The sequential of ripple signal.The exploring laser light that detecting laser 132 sends is divided into two beam intensity identicals by unpolarized Amici prism
After one exploring laser light and the second exploring laser light, first sound-optic modulator 134 (AOM1) and second sound-optic modulator 136 are respectively enterd
(AOM2).First exploring laser light is entered in first integral ball 140 by after polarization splitting prism, and inclined by being returned after speculum reflection
The Amici prism that shakes enters the first photodetector 162.Second exploring laser light is by entering second integral ball after polarization splitting prism
In 150, and enter the second photodetector 164 by returning to polarization splitting prism after speculum reflection.Cooling pump laser 131
The cooling pumping laser for sending is divided into intensity identical first and cools down pumping laser and the second cooling by unpolarized Amici prism
Pumping laser, and respectively enter the 3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 (AOM3) and falling tone optical modulator 135 (AOM4).Can manage
Solution, the laser into integrating sphere can be entered by multimode fibre.First cooling pumping laser enters first by fiber coupling
Integrating sphere 140.Second cooling pumping laser enters second integral ball 150 by fiber coupling.Digital signal processor 170 and
One acousto-optic modulator 134, second sound-optic modulator 136, the 3rd acousto-optic modulator 133 and falling tone optical modulator 135 are connected, from
And the sequential of a few class laser can be controlled.Therefore, can just be controlled by digital signal processor 170 first integral ball and
The work schedule of second integral ball.During such that it is able to realizing that first integral ball 140 is in free Evolution States, second integral ball
150 in cooling, laser pump (ing) state.Or, when second integral ball 150 is in free Evolution States, at first integral ball 140
In cooling, laser pump (ing) state.The Dead Time of pulse integration ball atomic clock system 100 is thus shortened, so as to reduce
Dick effects.
Specifically, Fig. 7, first integral ball 140 (correspondence integrating sphere atomic clock 1) and (correspondence of second integral ball 150 are referred to
Integrating sphere atomic clock 2) a kind of work schedule corresponding relation be described as follows.When Dead Time can be made to be exactly equal to freely develop
Between, second microwave pulse of first microwave pulse of first integral ball 140 and second integral ball 150 in free evolutionary process
It is completely superposed.It is in the free evolution time in first integral ball 140, second integral ball 150 is in detection, cooling and pumping
Journey.Detection, cooling and pumping process are in first integral ball 140, second integral ball 150 was in the free evolution time.Tool
Body ground, can first open microwave switch, allow microwave simultaneously with first integral ball 140 and the atom phase interaction of second integral ball 150
With duration τp1, it is then shut off microwave.To first integral ball 140, all laser are closed, the original allowed in first integral ball 140
Son is in free Evolution States, duration T；To second integral ball 150, exploring laser light is opened, signal is obtained using detector,
Then cooling laser, pumping laser, duration T are openedd.Then, microwave switch is then opened, the He of first integral ball 140 is allowed
The atomic interaction of second integral ball 150, duration τp2, it is then shut off microwave.To first integral ball 140, detection is opened
Laser, signal is obtained using detector, then opens cooling laser, pumping laser；To second integral ball 150, close all sharp
Light, the atom allowed in second integral ball 150 is in free Evolution States, duration T.Operating process below is according to above
Sequential is repeated.
Relevant with Dick effects also has phase sensitive degree function, the Dick effects of system when phase sensitive degree function is 1
Should minimum.In order to further reduce Dick effects, phase sensitive degree function convergence and 1 can be made.Accordingly, it would be desirable to free evolution
Time, Dead Time and microwave pulse time are finely adjusted.Shown in specific sequential reference picture 8, the microwave action time span of Fig. 8
It is identical with microwave action time span in Fig. 7.Fig. 8 is first microwave of regulation second integral ball 150 on the basis of Fig. 7
Second microwave pulse of pulse ratio first integral ball 140 early starts t1, allow first microwave pulse ratio of first integral ball 140
Second microwave pulse of second integral ball 150 early starts t2.Through the above way so that phase sensitive degree function closer to
1.In addition other processes are identical with first kind situation, and so on.
Fig. 9 is referred to, in order to allow phase sensitive degree function to be equal to 1, intensity modulated can be carried out to microwave pulse.Order is dead
Area is exactly equal to the free evolution time time, first microwave pulse and second of first integral ball 140 in free evolutionary process
Second microwave pulse of integrating sphere 150 is completely superposed, but the intensity modulated of first microwave pulse isThe intensity modulated of second microwave pulse isCan so be completely eliminated
The influence of Dick effects.
In several embodiments provided by the present invention, it should be understood that disclosed relevant apparatus and method, Ke Yitong
Other modes are crossed to realize.For example, device embodiment described above is only schematical, for example, the module or list
The division of unit, only a kind of division of logic function can have other dividing mode when actually realizing, such as multiple units or
Component can be combined or be desirably integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored, or not performed.It is another, show
The coupling each other shown or discuss or direct-coupling or communication connection can be by some interfaces, between device or unit
Connect coupling or communicate to connect, can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.
The unit that is illustrated as separating component can be or may not be it is physically separate, it is aobvious as unit
The part for showing can be or may not be physical location, you can with positioned at a place, or can also be distributed to multiple
On NE.Some or all of unit therein can be according to the actual needs selected to realize the mesh of this embodiment scheme
's.
In addition, during each functional unit in each embodiment of the invention can be integrated in a processing unit, it is also possible to
It is that unit is individually physically present, it is also possible to which two or more units are integrated in a unit.Above-mentioned integrated list
Unit can both be realized in the form of hardware, it would however also be possible to employ the form of SFU software functional unit is realized.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow in realizing above-described embodiment method, can be
The hardware of correlation is instructed to complete by computer program, described program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium
In, such as in the embodiment of the present invention, described program can be stored in the storage medium of computer system, and by the computer system
At least one of computing device, with realize include as above-mentioned each method embodiment flow.Wherein, the storage medium
Can be magnetic disc, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random
Access Memory, RAM) etc..
Embodiment described above only expresses several embodiments of the invention, more specific and detailed with its description, but
Can not therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that for one of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Shield scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of pulse integration ball atomic clock system, including crystal oscillator and the frequency synthesizer and the crystal oscillator of crystal oscillator connection
The PID device of connection and the digital signal processor and laser of PID device connection are filled
Put, the frequency signal that the crystal oscillator sends is converted into microwave signal by the frequency synthesizer, it is characterised in that further wrap
Include：
The microwave sequential adjuster being connected with the digital signal processor, the microwave signal that the frequency synthesizer sends
By being divided into the first microwave signal and the second microwave signal after the microwave sequential adjuster, the microwave sequential adjuster is used for
The sequential of first microwave signal and second microwave signal is adjusted, the digital signal processor is used to adjust described sharp
The sequential of the laser signal that light generating apparatus send；
First integral ball and second integral ball, the generating device of laser can send the first exploring laser light, the second exploring laser light,
First cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser, first exploring laser light and the first cooling pumping laser enter
The first integral ball, second exploring laser light and the second cooling pumping laser enter the second integral ball；
The photoelectric sensor being connected with the digital signal processor, the photoelectric sensor is used to receive via described the
The optical signal of the output of one integrating sphere and the first integral ball, and electric signal transmission is translated at the data signal
Reason device, the digital signal processor calculates deviation correcting signal according to the electric signal；The PID device is according to institute
Deviation correcting signal is stated to be adjusted the frequency signal that the crystal oscillator is exported.
2. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the microwave sequential adjuster includes
First microwave switch and the second microwave switch, first microwave switch respectively with the frequency synthesizer, the first integral
Ball and the digital signal processor are connected, and second microwave switch is accumulated with the frequency synthesizer, described second respectively
Bulb separation and the digital signal processor are connected.
3. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the photoelectric sensor includes point
The first photodetector and the second photodetector not being connected with the digital signal processor, the first integral ball output
Optical signal electric signal be transformed into by first photodetector be input into the digital signal processor, the second integral
The optical signal of ball output is transformed into electric signal and is input into the digital signal processor by second photodetector.
4. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the generating device of laser includes point
The cooling pumping generating device of laser and exploring laser light generating means not being connected with the digital signal processor, the cooling pump
The first cooling pumping laser and the sequential of the second cooling pumping laser that Pu generating device of laser sends pass through described
DSP CONTROL, first exploring laser light and second detection that the exploring laser light generating means sends swashs
The sequential of light is by the DSP CONTROL.
5. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the exploring laser light generating means bag
Include detecting laser, the first light-dividing device, the first sound-optic modulator being connected with the digital signal processor respectively and second
Acousto-optic modulator, the laser that the detecting laser sends is divided into the beam of intensity identical two and swashs by first light-dividing device
Light, the two beams laser respectively enters the first sound-optic modulator and the second sound-optic modulator, so that first sound
Optical modulator sends first exploring laser light into the first integral ball, and the second sound-optic modulator sends described second
Exploring laser light enters the second integral ball；The digital signal processor passes through the first sound-optic modulator and described second
Acousto-optic modulator controls the sequential of first exploring laser light and second exploring laser light respectively.
6. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the cooling pumping laser is filled
Put including cooling pump laser, the second light-dividing device, the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and falling tone optical modulator, the cooling pumping
The laser that laser sends is divided into the beam laser of intensity identical two, the two beams laser difference by second light-dividing device
Into the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and the falling tone optical modulator, so that the 3rd acousto-optic modulator sends described first
Cooling pumping laser enters the first integral ball, and the falling tone optical modulator sends the second cooling pumping laser and enters
The second integral ball；The digital signal processor is by the 3rd acousto-optic modulator and the falling tone optical modulator point
The sequential of the first cooling pumping laser and the second cooling pumping laser is not controlled.
7. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that further include that the first magnetic screen is filled
Put with the second magnetic shielding device, the first field coil, second magnetic shielding device are provided with first magnetic shielding device
The second field coil is inside provided with, the first integral ball is arranged at the first magnetic shielding device, and the second integral ball is arranged at
Second magnetic shielding device.
8. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that during the work of the first integral ball
Cooling, pumping and detection time in free evolution time in sequence and the second integral ball work schedule are at least partly weighed
Close, in cooling, pumping and detection time in the work schedule of the first integral ball and the second integral ball work schedule
The free evolution time at least partly overlap.
9. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that the first integral ball and described
Two integrating spheres alternately can lock the crystal oscillator, so that when the first integral ball is in free Evolution States, described second
Integrating sphere is in cooling, laser pump (ing) state；When the first integral ball is in cooling, laser pump (ing) state, described second
Integrating sphere is in free Evolution States.
10. pulse integration ball atomic clock system as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the crystal oscillator is crystal oscillator.
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| CN201710015496.3A CN106873352B (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | Pulse integration ball atomic clock system |
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| CN201710015496.3A CN106873352B (en) | 2017-01-10 | 2017-01-10 | Pulse integration ball atomic clock system |
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| CN106873352B CN106873352B (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107994901A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Frequency stability is according to τ-1The atomic clock of change |
| CN109981105A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Atomic oscillator, frequency signal generate system and magnetic field control method |
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| US5929994A (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-07-27 | Ahead Optoelectronics, Inc. | Intergrating sphere ellipsometer |
| CN102629872A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-08 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Integrating sphere cooling and microwave integrating cavity |
| CN102868400A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-09 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Cylindrical cavity device for cooling atoms |
| CN104506140A (en) * | 2014-11-04 | 2015-04-08 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Constant temperature crystal oscillator high-precision frequency control device and control method thereof |
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| US5929994A (en) * | 1998-05-20 | 1999-07-27 | Ahead Optoelectronics, Inc. | Intergrating sphere ellipsometer |
| CN102629872A (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2012-08-08 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Integrating sphere cooling and microwave integrating cavity |
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| CN107994901A (en) * | 2017-11-15 | 2018-05-04 | 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 | Frequency stability is according to τ-1The atomic clock of change |
| CN109981105A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2019-07-05 | 精工爱普生株式会社 | Atomic oscillator, frequency signal generate system and magnetic field control method |
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|---|---|
| CN106873352B (en) | 2019-04-05 |
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