CN106872309A - Method for measuring viscosity of micro sliding block surface contact lubricating oil - Google Patents
Method for measuring viscosity of micro sliding block surface contact lubricating oil Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002310 reflectometry Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005305 interferometry Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000014676 Phragmites communis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001427 coherent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002688 persistence Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N11/00—Investigating flow properties of materials, e.g. viscosity, plasticity; Analysing materials by determining flow properties
- G01N2011/006—Determining flow properties indirectly by measuring other parameters of the system
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of lubricating oil viscosity measurement, and relates to a method for measuring the viscosity of micro sliding block surface contact lubricating oil, which mainly comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning a sample; (2) installing a micro slide block, and installing and leveling a glass disc; (3) the fixed contact pair inclination angle alpha is a constant value; (4) balancing and applying a load; (5) drawing a curve chart of the change of the viscosity eta of the lubricating oil along with the thickness h of the oil film at the outlet; the invention measures the oil film thickness of several lubricating oils with known viscosity by using a method for controlling a single variable, finds out the functional relation between the film thickness and the viscosity, can indirectly obtain the viscosity of the lubricating oil while measuring the oil film thickness, does not need to use a viscometer to measure the viscosity again, saves the working time, provides convenience for guiding the research of the lubricating oil, has simple and reliable principle, convenient operation and high measuring accuracy, can be suitable for measuring the viscosity of the lubricating oil with different types, is environment-friendly in application and has wide market prospect.
Description
Technical field：
The invention belongs to lubricating oil viscosity field of measuring technique, it is related to a kind of measuring method of lubricating oil viscosity, particularly
A kind of miniature slider surface contacts the measuring method of lubricating oil viscosity, based on miniature slider surface contact test platform, by measuring oil film
Thickness measures lubricating oil viscosity indirectly.
Background technology：
Oil body is one of most important physical characteristic in hydrldynamic pressure lubrication, and it is both evaluate oil product important
Index, one of key factor to be related to when being also the research various characteristics of lubricating oil.At present, lubricating oil viscosity is measured in experiment
Method has a lot, and conventional method has following four kinds：
1. capillary method
Measuring principle：According to Hagen-Poiseuille laws, the liquid of certain volume passes through under certain pressure gradient
The viscosity of laminar flow is proportional to the time required to given capillary, therefore, flow through capillary by measuring flow rate of liquid and liquid
The pressure differential of generation can draw liquid viscosity；
Measuring method：Test using method be by measure the lubricating oil of certain volume flow through time of capillary come
Calculate η.The flow Q for flowing through tubule isSo as toWherein：Hair is flowed through in V-t
The volume of thin blood vessel；The radius of R- tubules；The length of L- tubules；The pressure difference at P- tubules two ends.Here it is pool plug strangles formula, but
It is built upon the formula for ideally drawing, it is necessary to be modified, finally：Its
In：M- kinetic energy correction factors；N- endgame correction coefficients, its value is between 0~1.2；ρ-it is fluid density.
The advantage of the method is that capillary viscometer is simple to manufacture, and price is relatively low, and temperature control is simple, experimental implementation side
Just, certainty of measurement is high, can carry out the absolute measurement of viscosity, therefore capillary tube method is a kind of attractive measuring method, but
That capillary in the method is easily blocked by small particle, therefore higher to sample purity requirement, due also to sample easily with
Capillary reacts, therefore is not suitable for being used under high temperature.
2. rotary process
Rotary viscosimeter is divided from structure and is broadly divided into two kinds：Single drum rotary viscosimeter and double drum rotations
Formula viscosimeter, in respect of two cylinders, it can be divided into inner cylinder rotating formula and rotary two kinds of outer barrel to double cylinder rotary viscosimeters again.
Operation principle：Single cylinder rotary viscosimeter only one of which cylinder, is driven upper and lower by a micro synchronous motor
Two disks and cylinder rotate together, due to by fluid viscous force act on, cylinder and with the rigidly connected lower wall of cylinder
Rotation will lag behind disk, so that flexible member produces torsion, be obtained suffered by small cylinder by measuring this torsion
The sticky torque M for arriving, the viscosity of fluid is calculated further according to Marx's formula：In formula：η-liquid
Body dynamic viscosity, Pas；The small cylinder of H-measurement is dipped in the height in testing liquid；RfThe radius of-small cylinder；RaTesting liquid
The radius of container；M-viscosity torque；Ω-small cylinder angular velocity of rotation.
During inner cylinder rotating formula viscosity meter, outer cylinder is the container for containing fluid to be measured, is maintained static, and inner cylinder is
The hollow cylinder rotated in immersion detected fluid, it is coaxial with outer cylinder.The housing of the micro synchronous motor of driving is adopted
Installed with suspension type, drive inner cylinder to be rotated with certain speed by rotating shaft, inner cylinder is subject to when being rotated in detected fluid
The effect of viscosity resistance, produces reaction to force electric machine casing to deflect, the metals that electric machine casing and two pieces a positive and a negative are installed
Hairspring is connected, and when housing is deflected, hairspring is produced torsion, when the moment of torsion of hairspring reaches balance with viscosity resistance torque, with
The pointer that motor field frame is connected just points out a certain numerical value on dial.This numerical value is with the viscosity resistance suffered by rotating cylinder into just
Than.Therefore, scale reading is multiplied by particular factor F (i.e. the rotating cylinder factor), means that into the value of the coefficient of viscosity.
Outer barrel rotary viscosimeter is all immersed in detected fluid inside and outside cylinder when measuring, and outer cylinder is driven by motor
Rotated with certain speed, inner cylinder occurs inclined due to the viscous force effect by the detected fluid between two cylinders
Turn, the righting moment produced by pull spring torsion being connected with inner cylinder is in opposite direction with viscous moment, when the restoring force of pull spring
When square and viscous moment reach balance, the deflection angle theta size of inner cylinder is directly proportional to the coefficient of viscosity η of viscous moment is caused.By
This derives the functional relation [η=f (θ)] of coefficient of viscosity η and deflection angle theta, you can counted by measuring the deflection angle theta of inner cylinder
Calculate coefficient of viscosity value η.
The advantage of the method is single cylinder rotary viscosimeter simple structure, is easily installed, therefore viscous suitable for fluid
The on-line measurement of degree, while single cylinder rotary viscosimeter has certainty of measurement higher, response speed, relatively low life faster
Cost is produced, is a kind of more satisfactory in-line viscometer, be easy to monitor product viscosity at any time and control in process of production
System.Inner cylinder rotating formula viscosimeter is a kind of most common rotary viscosimeter, and from the point of view of its structure and drive manner, it leads
The off-line type for being used for fluid viscosity is measured, the viscosity number as measured sample fluid in the lab, and outer barrel rotary viscosimeter
Meter is the same with Dan Yuanjian rotary viscosimeters, and direct reading manual calculations are pretty troublesome.
3. vibratory drilling method measurement
Vibratory drilling method metering system is more, there is twisting vibration formula, vibrating reed type etc., and conventional is the measurement of twisting vibration formula, bag
Include decay oscillatory type and forced vibration formula.
Measuring principle：Decay oscillatory type is based on being dipped in lubricating oil makees the object of twisting vibration due to being applied by lubricating oil
Viscous force, its torsional amplitudes can decay, and measure amplitude attenuation and damped cycle, you can calculate by respective formula
Liquid viscosity；The measuring principle of forced vibration formula is the energy being lost by viscosity by external world's supplement vibrating object, makes vibration
Object maintains constant vibration frequency and amplitude, and viscosity number is calculated by the relation between the energy and lubricating oil viscosity that are supplemented.
The advantage of the method is the viscosity measurement that vibratory drilling method is usually used in low-viscosity (mobile) liquid, therefore the method is primarily adapted for use in
Most melt viscosity measurements, the advantage of vibratory drilling method is that vibration period and attenuation measurement are convenient, amount of samples is few, convenient temperature control,
But without generally acknowledged desired viscosity computing formula.
4. falling ball method
Measuring principle：Spheroid or cylinder fall in fluid to be measured, by measuring falling bodies by the two fixed points time used
To determine viscosity, it is also possible to allow spheroid to roll through inclined plane.
The advantage of the method is that falling ball method can determine absolute viscosity in principle, due to the viscosity of different liquid
Differ greatly, same liquid with the change of the different viscosities of temperature have it is also very big, so it is also contemplated that bead
The ratio between yardstick of diameter and volume will meet the requirement of experiment, therefore, the small ball's diameter scope for meeting experiment condition also will change.
Due to the influence of the visual persistence effect using manual stopwatch timing and due to people, the speed that bead falls is slow as far as possible.
Viscosimeter and the continuous viscosimeter of falling body type etc. are fallen in respect of falling ball viscometer, cylinder is rolled using the viscosity of same principle.
Therefore, design prepares the measuring method that a kind of miniature slider surface contacts lubricating oil viscosity, and the method is with Qingdao science and engineering
The miniature slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film instrument and its sliding block adjusting method (Patent No. of university's design research and development
ZL200810249672.0 based on the experimental facilities in), can set and adjust micro- sliding block working face and transparent optical
Inclination alpha between disk, this provides Experimental Hardware basis for face contact lubricating oil viscosity measuring method.
The content of the invention：
It is an object of the invention to the shortcoming for overcoming prior art to exist, seek design and a kind of miniature slider surface contact is provided
The new method of measuring of lubricating oil viscosity, is put down with static miniature sliding block plane and the optical clear disk of rotation under certain loads
Face forms low-pressure fluid hydrodynamic lubrication oil film, and the thickness of lubricating oil film is measured using Optical interference techniques, dynamic according to fluid
Pressure lubricating is theoretical, and lubricating oil viscosity is higher, and oil film thickness is bigger, by measuring the oil film thickness of parts of lubricating oil, finds out thickness
Functional relation between viscosity, and then oil body under any thickness is drawn indirectly.
To achieve these goals, the measuring method of miniature slider surface contact lubricating oil viscosity of the present invention is micro-
Completed in type slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film instrument, its agent structure includes：Sliding block fixed cell, glass plate turning unit, light
Interference system, loading device and rack chassis；The critical piece of sliding block fixed cell includes miniature sliding block, glass plate turning unit
Critical piece include glass plate, the critical piece of interference of light system is for coaxial-illuminating equipment and positioned at the micro- of glass plate bottom
Mirror, the critical piece of loading device is loading lever and adjusting screw；Face contact lubrication is secondary by optical clear glass disk and micro-
Type sliding block is constituted, and sliding block is fixed on the top of glass plate, and sliding block is used as the secondary upper surface of lubrication, the reflective place of working face high accuracy
Reason, glass plate is lower surface, wherein glass disc spins, and sliding block is static, can change sliding block and glass by inclination-angle regulating device
Angle of inclination between panel surface, the quantity of interference of light striped and the angle of inclination of striped can reflect miniature sliding block and glass plate
Between angle of inclination, by adjusting the adjusting screw rod of diverse location, change quantity and the angle of inclination of interference fringe, Jin Erda
To the purpose of change inclination angle size and Orientation, and the size and Orientation at the inclination angle is kept not occur in the rotation process of glass plate
Change, so as to ensure the stability of experiment；By loading device to two plane imposed loads, when glass plate is revolved with certain angular speed
When turning, lubricating oil volume two interplanars of suction are formed into lubricating oil film, oil film thickness is by the optical interferometry system below glass plate
Measure, the system carries out the calculating of oil film thickness using multiple beam interferometry, feux rouges is parallel in experimentation incides miniature cunning
The multilayer interface system of block, lubricating oil and clear glass disk composition, by repeatedly projection and reflection, coherent beam forms contact zone
Corresponding light and dark interference fringe, by fringe intensity and extremely secondary deduction contact zone oil film thickness situation.It is specific to survey
Amount method is carried out as follows：
(1), the cleaning of sample：
Miniature sliding block (L- is long, and B- is wide) and glass disk are cleaned before on-test, is used to prevent trickle
The absorption of grain causes the inaccurate of lubricating oil oil film thickness measure, and concrete technology step is first by miniature sliding block and glass plate with washing
The impurity such as greasy dirt on hand liquid removal surface, removal is difficult in particular cases in greasy dirt, then using acetone, petroleum ether or other are strong
Organic solvent is cleaned；Then by cleaning after miniature sliding block and glass plate be put into absolute ethyl alcohol and be cleaned by ultrasonic 3-5 minutes,
Miniature sliding block and glass plate after high pressure nitrogen or compressed air are finally used by cleaning are dried up；
(2), miniature sliding block is installed, is installed and leveling glass plate：
First miniature sliding block is arranged on miniature slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film instrument, then glass plate is installed, glass is installed
8, its surface Positioning screw is rotated during disk successively to slightly screwing, the gouge of glass plate should be prevented when mounted and glass is avoided
Panel surface is contaminated, and face Contact Pair is constituted by miniature sliding block and glass plate, and lubricating oil to be measured is added on glass plate, is determined to be measured
The dynamic viscosity η and refractive index n of lubricating oil, wherein the dynamic viscosity η of lubricating oil are obtained by viscosity meter, lubricating oil to be measured
Refractive index n is determined by Abbe refractometer；Then, leveling is carried out to glass plate using amesdial, make its end face run-out 3 μm with
It is interior；
(3), fixed Contact Pair inclination alpha is steady state value：
Wavelength is radiated at the wedge shape that miniature sliding block and glass plate are formed for the feux rouges of λ through coaxial-illuminating equipment input microscope
Interference image is formed on gap, the number N of interference image striped is determined by adjusting 8 adjusting screws, by Dip countion formulaIt is determined that the now tilt angle alpha between miniature sliding block and glass plate；8 Positioning screws on pressure ring are carried out
Finely tune to control the dynamic equilibrium at inclination angle so that inclination angle does not change in turning course, wherein α is miniature sliding block inclination angle,
rad；λ is the wavelength of light source, m；N is fringe number；N is the refractive index of lubricant medium；B is miniature sliding block width, m；
(4), the balance of load and applying：
The deadweight of whole loading can be balanced by adjusting spring, in general, it is believed that being when interference image is not much, if any
Into the balance of deadweight, then apply the load w of requirement of experiment, the load applied in experimentation immobilizes；
(5), the curve map that exit lubricating oil viscosity η changes with oil film thickness h is drawn：
The interference image formed in above-mentioned steps (3) is by microscope enlarging projection to CCD (image controller), passing through
The treatment of CCD and image pick-up card shows amplification interference image on computer screen；Interference image treatment will be amplified to be converted into
Light intensity curve, order of interference is drawn by light intensity curve, and outlet is calculated using the relation between order of interference and oil film thickness
Place's lubricating oil oil film thickness h；In the angle α=α of Contact Pair1, speed ud=u1, load w=w1Under conditions of, measurement is known viscous
Degree several lubricating oil oil film thickness, then by the data point of surveyed oil body and oil film thickness with origin or its
His function plotting Software on Drawing goes out change curve of the viscosities il with oil film thickness h, matched curve is then drawn, finally according to upper
State known data relationships and calculate the computing formula for obtaining viscosity：
η0=10χ
χ=2.15062logh+1.71367.
Further, the glass plate is K9 glass plates, and glass plate is coated with chromium film and silica in working surface side
Film (Cr+SiO2), it is used to obtain clearly interference fringe, while by reflectivity control in 18-22% or so, to ensure to interfere bar
Line contrast, surface roughness RaIt is 4nm.
Further, the size of miniature sliding block used is 4 × 4mm, and the working surface of miniature sliding block is the essence of high reflectance
Close polishing surface, surface roughness is Ra=8~10nm, experiment is carried out in controlled environment, and temperature control is 20 ± 0.5
DEG C, humid control is 30 ± 5%.
Compared with prior art, the method using unitary variant is controlled fixes glass disc spin speed u to the present inventiond, sliding block
Inclination alpha, the load w of applying measures the oil film thickness of several lubricating oil of known-viscosity, theoretical according to hydrldynamic pressure lubrication,
Viscosity is higher, and oil film thickness is bigger, find out the functional relation between thickness and viscosity, as long as so realize to measure
In the range of, it is possible to the lubricating oil viscosity under any thickness is learnt according to gained formula.The method is same measurement oil film thickness
When, can indirectly draw oil body, measure lubricating oil viscosity again without using viscosimeter, save workload and when
Between, for the research for instructing lubricating oil is provided conveniently, its principle is simple and reliable, and easy to operate, accuracy of measurement is high, can be applicable
In the measurement of different types of lubricating oil viscosity, applied environment is friendly, wide market.
Brief description of the drawings：
Fig. 1 is the main body principle schematic of experimental provision used of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is fixed glass disc spin speed u of the present inventiond, sliding block inclination alpha, under the conditions of the load w of applying, profit
Oil viscosity with exit oil film thickness h change curve.
Specific embodiment:
Below by embodiment and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment：
The present embodiment is completed in miniature slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film instrument, and its agent structure includes miniature sliding block 1, glass
Glass disk 2, loading lever 3, adjusting screw 4, beam splitter 5, load 6, entrance and 7, outlet 8；Glass plate 2 is used for and miniature sliding block 1
Contact forms face Contact Pair, adjusts 8 Positioning screws on 8 adjusting screws 4 and pressure ring to control the dynamic equilibrium at inclination angle, makes
Inclination angle does not change in obtaining turning course, and loading lever 3 is loading list in miniature slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film testing stand
A part for unit, the applying for lubricating work surface load, by adjusting the deadweight that spring balancing is entirely loaded.The present embodiment
In miniature sliding block size by 4 × 4mm, the load w=4N for applying, fringe number is controlled in 10 stripeds, and speed takes ud=
15.39mm/s, determines in advance before dynamic viscosity η and refractive index the n experiment of lubricating oil to be measured.Measurement lubricant parameter used is shown in
Table 1, is determined by experiment the lubricating oil viscosity under different oil film thicknesses；Specific measuring method is carried out as follows：
(1), the cleaning of sample：
Miniature sliding block 1 and glass plate 2 are cleaned before on-test, is used to prevent the absorption of fine particle from causing
Lubricating oil oil film thickness measure it is inaccurate, concrete technology step be first by sliding block 1 and the hand cleanser of glass plate 2 removal surface
The impurity such as greasy dirt, removal is difficult in particular cases in greasy dirt, then carried out clearly using acetone, petroleum ether or other strong organic solvents
Wash；Then by cleaning after miniature sliding block 1 and glass plate 2 be put into absolute ethyl alcohol and be cleaned by ultrasonic 3-5 minutes, finally use elevated pressure nitrogen
Gas or compressed air by cleaning after miniature sliding block 1 and glass plate 2 dry up；
(2) miniature sliding block is installed, is installed and leveling glass plate：
First miniature sliding block 1 is arranged on the bearing lubrication oil film measuring instrument of miniature sliding block 1, then glass plate 2 is installed, glass is installed
8, its surface Positioning screw is rotated during glass disk 2 successively to slightly screwing, the gouge of glass plate 2 should be prevented when mounted and is avoided
The surface of glass plate 2 is contaminated.Face Contact Pair is constituted by miniature sliding block 1 and glass plate 2, lubricating oil to be measured is added on glass plate 2,
The dynamic viscosity and refractive index n such as table 1 below of lubricating oil to be measured, dynamic viscosity η are obtained by viscosity meter, and refractive index n is by Abbe
Refractometer is measured；Then, leveling is carried out to glass plate 2 using amesdial, makes its end face run-out within 3 μm；
(3), fixed Contact Pair inclination alpha is steady state value：
Wavelength is radiated at miniature cunning for the feux rouges of λ=650nm through the coaxial-illuminating equipment input microscope of the bottom of glass plate 2
Interference image is formed on the wedge gap that block 1 and glass plate 2 are formed；By adjusting 8 adjusting screws by the number N of interference fringe
10 are maintained at, by Dip countion formulaIt is determined that now angle α=1 of Contact Pair:1781, wherein refractive index n
Take 1.447；8 Positioning screws on pressure ring are finely adjusted to control the dynamic equilibrium at inclination angle so that inclination angle in turning course
Do not change；
(4), the balance of load and applying：
Fall the deadweight of whole loading by the loading lever 3 in loading unit and regulation spring balancing, if when interference fringe
If have without when complete the balance of deadweight, then imposed load w=4N, the load 6 applied in experimentation immobilizes；
(5) change curves of the lubricating oil viscosity η with exit oil film thickness h, is drawn：
The interference image formed in above-mentioned steps (3) is by microscope enlarging projection to CCD (image controller), passing through
The treatment of CCD and image pick-up card shows amplification interference image on computer screen；Interference image treatment will be amplified to be converted into
Light intensity curve, order of interference is drawn by light intensity curve, and outlet is calculated using the relation between order of interference and oil film thickness
Locate oil film thickness h；
In angle α=1 of Contact Pair:1781, speed ud=15.39mm/s, under conditions of load w=4N, measures known
The oil film thickness of several lubricating oil of viscosity, shown in its concrete numerical value following 1：
Table 1M series of lubricant oil characteristic (22 DEG C)
By experimental data M1, M2 of above-mentioned table 1,5 pairs of data points origin or other functions of M3, M4, M6 lubricating oil
Mapping software draws out change curve of the viscosities il with oil film thickness h, then draws matched curve, as shown in Fig. 2 thus
To the computing formula (1) of viscosity：
η0=10χ
χ=2.15062logh+1.71367 (1)
Bring the thickness of M5 lubricating oil into fitting function, η=151.645mPas is 3% with actual measured value error,
Error is in allowed band.
In order to verify the reliability of fitting function, the characteristic of P series of lubricant oil is measured, it is as shown in table 2, public using gained
Formula (1) has calculated theoretical viscosity η0, error very little between empirical tests actual viscosity measured and theoretical viscosity, in allowed limits,
Demonstrate the reliability that corresponding viscosity under any thickness is calculated using fitting function.
The characteristic (22 DEG C) of the P series of lubricant oil of table 2
Can obtain arbitrary value using interpolation method for the curve for measuring, as shown in Fig. 2 theoretical thickness-viscograph with
Experiment thickness-viscograph has good uniformity in trend, and within 4%, thus we can draw error, by surveying
The thickness for measuring lubricating oil show that this method of lubricating oil viscosity has feasibility indirectly.
The above, it, to embodiments of the invention, is not the limitation that other forms are done to the present invention to be only, any
Those skilled in the art are changed or are modified as the equivalent of equivalent variations possibly also with the technology contents of the disclosure above
Embodiment.But, it is every without departing from the present invention program content, according to technical spirit of the invention to made for any of the above embodiments
What simple modification, equivalent variations and remodeling, still falls within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of miniature slider surface contacts the measuring method of lubricating oil viscosity, and the method is surveyed in miniature slipper bearing lubricating oil film
Completed in amount instrument, it is characterised in that specific measuring method is carried out as follows：
(1), the cleaning of sample：
Miniature sliding block and glass disk are cleaned before on-test, is used to prevent the absorption of fine particle from causing lubrication
It is inaccurate that oily oil film thickness is measured, and concrete technology step is the oil that miniature sliding block and glass plate hand cleanser are first removed surface
The impurity such as dirt, removal is difficult in particular cases in greasy dirt, then carried out clearly using acetone, petroleum ether or other strong organic solvents
Wash；Then by cleaning after miniature sliding block and glass plate be put into absolute ethyl alcohol and be cleaned by ultrasonic 3-5 minutes, finally use high pressure nitrogen
Or compressed air by cleaning after miniature sliding block and glass plate drying；
(2), miniature sliding block is installed, is installed and leveling glass plate：
First miniature sliding block is arranged on miniature slipper bearing measuring lubricating oil film instrument, then glass plate is installed, when glass plate is installed
8, its surface Positioning screw is rotated successively to slightly screwing, and the gouge of glass plate should be prevented when mounted and glass dish cart is avoided
Face is contaminated, and face Contact Pair is constituted by miniature sliding block and glass plate, and lubricating oil to be measured is added on glass plate, determines lubrication to be measured
The dynamic viscosity η and refractive index n of oil, wherein the dynamic viscosity η of lubricating oil are obtained by viscosity meter, the refraction of lubricating oil to be measured
Rate n is determined by Abbe refractometer；Then, leveling is carried out to glass plate using amesdial, makes its end face run-out within 3 μm；
(3), fixed Contact Pair inclination alpha is steady state value：
Wavelength is radiated at the wedge gap that miniature sliding block and glass plate are formed for the feux rouges of λ through coaxial-illuminating equipment input microscope
Upper formation interference image, the number N of interference image striped is determined by adjusting 8 adjusting screws, by Dip countion formulaIt is determined that the now tilt angle alpha between miniature sliding block and glass plate；8 Positioning screws on pressure ring are carried out
Finely tune to control the dynamic equilibrium at inclination angle so that inclination angle does not change in turning course, wherein α is miniature sliding block inclination angle,
rad；λ is the wavelength of light source, m；N is fringe number；N is the refractive index of lubricant medium；B is miniature sliding block width, m；
(4), the balance of load and applying：
The deadweight of whole loading can be balanced by adjusting spring, the balance of deadweight is completed when interference image is not much, if any,
Then the load w of requirement of experiment is applied, the load applied in experimentation immobilizes；
(5), the curve map that exit lubricating oil viscosity η changes with oil film thickness h is drawn：
The interference image formed in above-mentioned steps (3) passes through microscope enlarging projection to image controller, through image controller
Treatment with image pick-up card shows amplification interference image on computer screen；Interference image treatment will be amplified and be converted into light intensity
Curve, order of interference is drawn by light intensity curve, and calculating exit using the relation between order of interference and oil film thickness moistens
Lubricating oil oil film thickness h；In the angle α=α of Contact Pair1, speed ud=u1, load w=w1Under conditions of, the 5 of measurement known-viscosity
Plant the oil film thickness of lubricating oil；The data point Software on Drawing of surveyed oil body and oil film thickness is gone out into viscosities il with oil
The change curve of film thickness h, then draws matched curve, and the meter for obtaining viscosity is calculated finally according to above-mentioned known data relationships
Calculate formula：
η0=10χ
χ=2.15062log h+1.71367.
2. miniature slider surface according to claim 1 contacts the measuring method of lubricating oil viscosity, it is characterised in that the glass
Glass disk is K9 glass plates, and glass plate is coated with chromium film and silicon dioxide film (Cr+SiO in working surface side2), it is used to obtain clear
Interference fringe, while the reflectivity of glass plate working surface be 18-22%, be used to ensure intetference-fit strengthening, glass plate
Surface roughness RaIt is 4nm.
3. miniature slider surface according to claim 1 contacts the measuring method of lubricating oil viscosity, it is characterised in that miniature cunning
The size of block is 4 × 4mm, and the working surface of miniature sliding block is that roughness is Ra=8~10nm, test temperature control 20 ±
0.5 DEG C, humid control is 30 ± 5%.
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| CN107219116A (en) * | 2017-06-23 | 2017-09-29 | 武汉大学 | The test system of ferroelectric material respondent behavior under the conditions of power electro thermal coupling |
| CN111322511A (en) * | 2020-02-27 | 2020-06-23 | 南京工程学院 | Method for detecting lubricating performance of oil film in constant linear velocity operation of static pressure rotary table |
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