CN106868121A - 一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对和试剂盒 - Google Patents
一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对和试剂盒 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对和试剂盒,即通过比对路氏锥虫和其他锥虫的大环序列,筛选出一对能够特异性检测路氏锥虫的引物对,所述引物对的序列如SEQ ID NO:1和SEQ ID NO:2所示;该引物对能特异性扩增出路氏锥虫的部分片段,且灵敏度高,能够检测出仅仅含有10个锥虫的样本,或者是10ng的DNA样本;利用该引物对能够快速准确的将其从其他锥虫亚属中,以及利什曼原虫(Leishmania amazonesis)鉴定出来,不需要昂贵的显微镜和专业的病原学知识,检测快速方便,可用于早期感染的检测,同时适用于动物锥虫混合感染的检测,有利于开展流行病学调查以及可能适用于人类感染路氏锥虫的检测。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及寄生虫分子检测技术领域,更具体地,涉及一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对和试剂盒。
背景技术
在自然界中,路氏锥虫(Trypanosoma lewisi)是一种呈全球性分布的寄生原虫,借助媒介昆虫跳蚤在哺乳动物间传播。长期被认为具有严格宿主特异性的寄生原虫,专性寄生屋顶鼠(Rattus Rattus)、褐家鼠(Rattus norvegicus)等。近年来国外有多例路氏锥虫感染人的报道,且具备抵抗人血清溶解的能力,揭示该寄生原虫是一种长期被忽视的重要人兽共患病原体。我国东北地区也检出了1%阳性率。虽然已知该原虫的广泛分布性,由于公众的忽视,流行病学的数据已经过时,现阶段有必要对其进行流行病学调查以评估感染人的风险。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术存在的上述问题,提供一种检测路氏锥虫的引物。
本发明的第二个目的是提供含有所述引物的试剂盒。
本发明的目的是通过以下技术方案予以实现的:
一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对TL3-F和TL3-R,所述引物对的序列如SEQ ID NO:1和SEQID NO:2所示。
本发明将路氏锥虫和其他类似锥虫的基因进行比对,并经过引物设计,筛选出一对能够特异性检测路氏锥虫的引物对。
因此,本发明还提供含有所述引物对的试剂盒。
优选地,所述试剂盒还含有PCR扩增反应试剂;这里所说的PCR扩增反应试剂是指能够使得样本DNA在上述引物对的作用下进行PCR扩增反应的试剂,现有技术中常规PCR扩增反应试剂均可用于本发明。
所述PCR扩增反应试剂可用商品化的试剂,例如PrimerSTAR Max Premix。
优选地,若为DNA样本,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 μl的PCR反应试剂,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R、100 ng 样本DNA,灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R在反应体系中的终浓度分别为6.25 pmol/L。
优选地,若为血液样本,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 μl的PCR反应试剂,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R、10 μl样本血液溶解液,灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R在反应体系中的终浓度分别为6.25 pmol/L。
优选地,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应条件为:30个反应循环:98℃变性10 s,54℃退火15 s,72℃延伸8 s。
利用该试剂盒进行PCR检测路氏锥虫的方法为:(1)提取样本DNA或者样本血液;(2)在样本DNA或者样本血液中加入PCR扩增反应试剂进行PCR扩增,进行结果判定:若扩增出一条1602bp大小的条带,则被检测样本中含有路氏锥虫,反之则被检测样本中没有路氏锥虫。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
本发明是利用kDNA(kinetoplast DNA)大环设计引物,即通过比对路氏锥虫和其他类似锥虫的大环序列,筛选出一对能够特异性检测路氏锥虫的引物对,所述引物对的序列如SEQ ID NO:1和SEQ ID NO:2所示;该引物对能特异性扩增出路氏锥虫的部分片段,且灵敏度高,能够检测出仅仅含有10个锥虫的样本,或者是10ng的DNA样本;利用该引物对能够快速准确的将其从其他锥虫亚属中,以及利什曼原虫(Leishmania amazonesis)鉴定出来,不需要昂贵的显微镜和专业的病原学知识,本发明所述方法的另一特点是基于大小鼠感染锥虫的尾血直接进行PCR检测,提高了检测的可操作性,检测快速方便,可用于早期感染的检测,同时适用于动物锥虫混合感染的检测,有利于开展流行病学调查以及可能适用于人类感染路氏锥虫的检测。
附图说明
图1为TL3对路氏锥虫PCR检测反应温度优化结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~6分别为50℃、52℃、54℃、56℃、58℃、60℃,泳道N为阴性对照。
图2为TL2对路氏锥虫PCR检测反应温度优化结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~6分别为50℃、52℃、54℃、56℃、58℃、60℃,泳道N为阴性对照。
图3 TL1对路氏锥虫PCR检测反应温度优化结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~6分别为50℃、52℃、54℃、56℃、58℃、60℃,泳道N为阴性对照。
图4为TL3对路氏锥虫PCR检测特异性结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~3为3种T. musculi(小鼠锥虫)、4~6为3种T. lewisi(路氏锥虫)、7~9为3种T. brucei(布氏锥虫)、泳道10为T. evansi(伊氏锥虫)、泳道11~13为3种T. equiperdum(马媾疫锥虫)、泳道14为T. cruzi(枯氏锥虫)、泳道15为L. amazonensis(利什曼亚马逊属)、泳道N为阴性对照。
图5为TL1对路氏锥虫PCR检测特异性结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~3为3种T. musculi(小鼠锥虫)、4~6为3种T. lewisi(路氏锥虫)、7~9为3种T. brucei(布氏锥虫)、泳道10为T. evansi(伊氏锥虫)、泳道11~13为3种T. equiperdum(马媾疫锥虫)、泳道14为T. cruzi(枯氏锥虫)、泳道15为L. amazonensis(利什曼亚马逊属)、泳道N为阴性对照。
图6为TL3对路氏锥虫DNA的PCR检测灵敏度结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~6分别为200 ng、100 ng、50 ng、10 ng、1 ng、0.1ng,泳道N为阴性对照。
图7为TL1对路氏锥虫DNA的PCR检测灵敏度结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~6分别为200 ng、100 ng、50 ng、10 ng、1 ng、0.1ng,泳道N为阴性对照。
图8为TL3对路氏锥虫血液PCR检测灵敏度结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~5分别为104个锥虫、103个锥虫、102个锥虫、10个锥虫、1 个锥虫,泳道N为阴性对照。
图9为TL1对路氏锥虫血液PCR检测灵敏度结果;图中:泳道M:DL2000 marker,泳道1~5分别为104个锥虫、103个锥虫、102个锥虫、10个锥虫、1 个锥虫,泳道N为阴性对照。
图10为PCR检测血液样本的流程图。
图11为 PCR扩增目的片段,下划线英文字母标注的序列为引物结合区域。
具体实施方式
下面结合说明书附图和具体实施例进一步阐述本发明。这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下例实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照本领域常规条件或按照制造厂商建议的条件。除非另行定义,文中所使用的所有专业与科学用语与本领域技术人员熟悉的意义相同。
SNET缓冲液:100 mM NaCl,10 mM Tris·HCl,pH 8.0,25 mM EDTA,pH 8.0,0.5%SDS。
路氏锥虫(T. lewisi CPO02)总DNA的提取:
(1)在纯化过的锥虫样品中加入SNET缓冲液(在SNET缓冲液中再加入蛋白酶K,蛋白酶K的终浓度为100 μg/ml),56℃金属浴消化3~5h;
(2)将步骤(1)的样品取出,加入RNA酶,37℃金属浴消化0.5 h;
(3)将步骤(2) 的样品去出,加入体积比为25:24:1的酚:氯仿:异戊醇,室温下震荡混匀成乳状液后静置2~5 min;
(4)将步骤(3)的混合液用12000 rpm离心10 min,转移上层水相到新的离心管中;
(5)向步骤(4)的水相中加入等体积的异丙醇沉淀DNA,12000 rpm离心5分钟后弃上清;
(6)将步骤(5)收集到的沉淀,用300 μl预冷的70%乙醇洗涤,再12000 rpm高速离心5min,弃上清,室温挥发酒精;
(7)用50 μl TE溶解DNA样品,测定DNA含量。
实施例1 引物设计
将路氏锥虫(T. lewisi CPO02, KR072974)与小鼠锥虫(KY426815)、枯氏锥虫(GenBank:FJ203996.1;GenBank:DQ343646.1;GenBank:DQ343645.1)的基因序列进行比对设计引物,引物序列见表1。其中,Tubulin为内参基因。
实施例2 PCR检测体系温度的确定
(1)建立PCR扩增反应体系:12.5 μl的PrimerSTAR Max Premix (TAKARA,Japan),6.25 pmol/L的正向引物和反向引物,100 ng提取得到的DNA,灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,其中阴性对照为灭菌双蒸水。
(2)PCR扩增反应条件:30个反应循环:98℃变性10s,(50~60℃)退火15 s,72℃延伸8 s。
(3)扩增产物分析:采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测扩增产物。取25μl的聚合酶链式反应PCR扩增的最终反应产物5 μl,加入6×loading buffer,点样至含有GOLD VIEW染料的1%的琼脂糖凝胶中,220 v电泳20 min,在凝胶成相系统上成像观察结果。对于TL3 50℃~60℃均可以扩增出目的条带且条带亮度没有变化,选择54℃为反应温度(图1),TL2扩增产物有杂带,不适合路氏锥虫的检测(图2),TL1 150℃~60℃也可以扩增出目的条带(图3)。
实施例3 PCR检测方法特异性实验
按照实施例2的方法进行PCR检测。
(1)建立PCR扩增反应体系:12.5 μl的PrimerSTAR Max Premix (TAKARA,Japan),6.25 pmol/L的引物TL3-F、6.25 pmol/L的引物TL3-R(或者6.25 pmol/L的引物TL1-F、6.25pmol/L的引物TL1-R),100 ng DNA(15个样品),灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,其中阴性对照为灭菌双蒸水。
(2)PCR扩增反应条件:30个反应循环:98℃变性10 s,54℃退火15 s,72℃延伸8s。
(3)扩增产物分析:采用琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测扩增产物。取25μl的聚合酶链式反应PCR扩增的最终反应产物5 μl,加入6×loading buffer,点样至含有GOLD VIEW染料的1%的琼脂糖凝胶中,220 v电泳20 min,在凝胶成相系统上成像观察结果。对于TL3只能扩增T. lewisi的部分区域(1602 bp),如图4;说明这两对引物均具有良好的特异性,与其他种属DNA没有交叉反应;TL1同样也只能扩增T. lewisi的部分区域(图5)。
实施例4 PCR检测方法灵敏度实验(DNA)
按照实施例2的方法进行PCR扩增,其中25μl体系中加入1μl不同浓度(200 ng/μl、100ng/μl、50 ng/μl、10 ng/μl、1 ng/μl、0.1 ng/μl)的DNA(PCR的扩增条件同实施例3)。
按照实施例2中琼脂糖凝胶电泳方法进行扩增产物的分析,TL3最低可以检测到10ng DNA,结果如图6;TL1最低可以检测到50 ng DNA,结果如图7。
实施例5 PCR检测方法灵敏度实验(血液样品)
收集1 ml感染路氏锥虫的SD大鼠尾血于小离心管中,分别用未接种锥虫的大鼠、小鼠尾血逐级稀释;
一、皂素处理尾血得血液溶解液
(1)吸取5 μl待测血液样品于离心管中;
(2)向步骤(1)的待测样品加入500 μl Saponin lysis buffer(0.22% NaCl,0.015%saponin,1 mM EDTA);
(3)将步骤(2)的混合液用12000 g离心1min,弃上清;
(4)将步骤(3)的沉淀用Saponin lysis buffer清洗三遍,用100 μl 1x PCR buffer(50 mM KCl,10 mM Tris-HCl,pH 8.0,0.5% Tween 20,100 μg of proteinase K per ml)重悬;
(5)将步骤(4)的混合液置于56℃金属恒温酶解反应60 min;
(6)将步骤(5)的混合液置于95℃金属恒温酶变性失活反应5 min;
(7)将步骤(6)的混合液用12000 g离心1min得血液溶解液用于PCR反应。
二、建立PCR扩增反应体系
12.5 μl的PrimerSTAR Max Premix(TAKARA,Japan),6.25 pmol/L的引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R,10 μl血液溶解液(103个锥虫/μl、102个锥虫/μl、10个锥虫/μl、1个锥虫/μl、0.1个锥虫/μl),灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,其中阴性对照为灭菌双蒸水。
12.5 μl的PrimerSTAR Max Premix(TAKARA,Japan),6.25 pmol/L的引物TL1-F和引物TL1-R,10 μl血液溶解液(103个锥虫/μl、102个锥虫/μl、10个锥虫/μl、1个锥虫/μl、0.1个锥虫/μl),灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,其中阴性对照为灭菌双蒸水。
PCR扩增反应条件:同实施例3。
扩增产物分析:取25μl的聚合酶链式反应PCR扩增的最终反应产物5 μl,加入6×loading buffer,点样至含有GOLD VIEW染料的1%的琼脂糖凝胶中,220 v电泳20 min,在凝胶成相系统上成像观察结果;结果显示:TL3最低能够检测含有10个锥虫的血液样品(图8),而TL1最低只能够检测含有103个锥虫的血液样品(图9)。TL3引物的检测灵敏度明显高于TL1引物的检测灵敏度。
在实际应用中,TL1检测的灵敏度相当于虫血症105个锥虫/ml,与显微镜镜检的最低浓度相当,因此TL3引物适合用于感染早期路氏锥虫的检测。
实施例6 含有引物TL3的检测试剂盒
试剂盒组成为:引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R;PCR反应试剂,如PrimerSTAR Max Premix。
SEQUENCE LISTING
<110> 中山大学
<120> 一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对和试剂盒
<130>
<160> 8
<170> PatentIn version 3.3
<210> 1
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> TL3-F
<400> 1
ctttaatgcc tttcataata ca 22
<210> 2
<211> 19
<212> DNA
<213> TL3-R
<400> 2
ggcgacgata aagagtaag 19
<210> 3
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> Tubulin F
<400> 3
ctggcttcaa gtgcggtatc aa 22
<210> 4
<211> 22
<212> DNA
<213> Tubulin R
<400> 4
gtactcctcc acatcctcct cg 22
<210> 5
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> TL1-F
<400> 5
caaccctctt ctattctttc 20
<210> 6
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> TL1-R
<400> 6
gtataaagcg atgtgaaaga 20
<210> 7
<211> 20
<212> DNA
<213> TL2-F
<400> 7
actcaaaggc aaatatcaac 20
<210> 8
<211> 18
<212> DNA
<213> TL2-R
<400> 8
tctggaaaga agtgggag 18
Claims (6)
1.一种检测路氏锥虫的引物对TL3-F和TL3-R,其特征在于,所述引物对的序列如SEQID NO:1和SEQ ID NO:2所示。
2.含有权利要求1所述引物对的试剂盒。
3.根据权利要求2所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒内还含有PCR扩增反应试剂。
4. 根据权利要求2所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 μl的PCR反应试剂,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R、100 ng 样本DNA,灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R在反应体系中的终浓度分别为6.25 pmol/L。
5. 根据权利要求2所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应体系为:12.5 μl的PCR反应试剂,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R、10 μl样本血液溶解液,灭菌双蒸水补齐至25 μl,引物TL3-F和引物TL3-R在反应体系中的终浓度分别为6.25 pmol/L。
6. 根据权利要求2所述的试剂盒,其特征在于,所述试剂盒的PCR扩增反应条件为:30个反应循环:98℃变性10 s,54℃退火15 s,72℃延伸8 s。
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