CN106867077A - 一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106867077A
CN106867077A CN201710103511.XA CN201710103511A CN106867077A CN 106867077 A CN106867077 A CN 106867077A CN 201710103511 A CN201710103511 A CN 201710103511A CN 106867077 A CN106867077 A CN 106867077A
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antioxidant
crosslinked polyethylene
insulation material
polyethylene insulation
graphite
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张城城
王金辉
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Harbin University of Science and Technology
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
    • C08L23/06—Polyethene
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B3/00—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties
    • H01B3/18—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances
    • H01B3/30—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes
    • H01B3/44—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins
    • H01B3/441—Insulators or insulating bodies characterised by the insulating materials; Selection of materials for their insulating or dielectric properties mainly consisting of organic substances plastics; resins; waxes vinyl resins; acrylic resins from alkenes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K2201/00—Specific properties of additives
    • C08K2201/011—Nanostructured additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2207/00—Properties characterising the ingredient of the composition
    • C08L2207/06—Properties of polyethylene
    • C08L2207/066—LDPE (radical process)
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2312/00—Crosslinking

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  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Insulating Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及绝缘材料领域，具体涉及一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法。本发明的目的是解决现有交联聚乙烯绝缘材料击穿电压低、易发生老化的问题，提出一种具有良好击穿特性和抗老化的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料。本发明按照配比取100份低密度聚乙烯、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧剂300、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂1024、氟橡胶母料，经过混合、共融、交联反应、干燥制得交联聚乙烯绝缘材料。本发明的交联聚乙烯材料具有优越的击穿特性，同时又具有良好的导热性，有助于降低绝缘材料工作温度，延长材料使用寿命。本发明适用于制作高压直流输电线路电缆。

Description

一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及绝缘材料领域，具体涉及一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
高压直流输电线路由于其优异的电气性能，在长距离输电中已被广泛采用，而直流电力电缆绝缘的工作电场强度高、绝缘厚度薄、电缆外径小、重量轻、载流量大、没有交流磁场等优势，因此直流高压输电电缆作为直流输电系统中不可或缺的一部分，是高压输电中的重要课题。在高压直流电缆开始应用初期的，主要采用浸渍纸绝缘电缆和充油电缆，其缺点是制造工艺复杂、成本高、维护困难。1999年交联聚乙烯(XLPE)绝缘高压直流电缆开始应用，依靠其工作电场强度高、绝缘厚度薄、电缆外径小、重量轻、制造安装容易、载流量大、没有交流磁场、环保方面的优势等优点很快得到广泛认同。随着柔性直流输电技术日益成熟，XLPE绝缘高压直流电缆除了在联接跨越宽阔海峡的大陆电网方面继续保持绝对优势外，还在向异步电网陆上互联、大城市供电增容、孤立负荷送电、可再生能源发电输送等方面拓展应用。据预测，未来几年内国外高压直流电缆XLPE绝缘材料的电压等级将进一步提高，用量将大幅增加。目前，XLPE能够应用于低、中、高压的电缆干式绝缘中，最后有可能完全取代浸渍纸电缆。
当前应用的高压直流电缆XLPE绝缘材料都尚存一些不足：首先，空间电荷的产生和积聚，当绝缘电缆采用聚合物作为绝缘时，聚合物具有大量的局部态，由此产生的空间电荷效应对绝缘层局部电场，这种局部电场的影响体现在两个方面：一是电场畸变效应，使绝缘层内部局部场强增加数倍；二是非电场畸变效应，即空间电荷在注入介质或者以其他方式存在介质中，当发生快速的退陷阱，即空间电荷脱离原先的局域态，快速复合过程中，由于大量能量的释放，将导致介质材料发生击穿或者使介质材料产生电树枝等局部降解行为，目前认为减少和消除绝缘材料中的空间电荷是研制高压直流电缆的关键，特别是当直流电缆极性反转时，可能导致局部场强比平均场强高十几倍，使绝缘瞬时击穿。因此，绝缘材料需具有良好的击穿特性。
直流电缆绝缘材料长期处于高温、工作环境下，绝缘材料极易发生劣化现象，从而影响其绝缘性能。为延缓或抑制绝缘材料氧化过程的进行，阻止聚合物的老化并延长其使用寿命，添加抗氧剂成为直流电缆制备上必不可少的环节。但直流电缆长期高温运行会使绝缘材料老化，促使抗氧剂产生抑制效果。在抑制过程中，抗氧剂性能及结构可能发生改变，进而使电缆内部电场畸变，导致电缆更容易发生绝缘故障。
发明内容
本发明的目的是解决现有交联聚乙烯绝缘材料击穿电压低、易发生老化的问题，提出一种具有良好击穿特性和抗老化的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料。
本发明为解决上述问题采取的技术方案是：所述交联聚乙烯绝缘材料按质量百分比，由以下组分制备得到：
本发明的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料的制备方法，具体步骤为：
步骤1、按照配比取100份XLPE、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧剂300、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂1024、氟橡胶母料；
步骤2、将XLPE、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧化剂300、抗氧化剂1010、抗氧化剂DLTP、抗氧化剂1024、氟橡胶母料同时加入到搅拌机中混合均匀；
步骤3、将上述材料转入密闭的混炼机中，在100～120℃温度下进行熔融共混；
步骤4、将上述材料转入平板硫化机中，在150～180℃进行交联反应，30～60min后，得到添加了纳米石墨的交联聚乙烯产物；
步骤5、将步骤4中所得产物冷却后吸入干燥塔，设定温度60℃，烘干30min后取出。
有益效果：本发明在XLPE中添加的纳米石墨具有吸引和捕获载流子的作用，能使载流子在XLPE中分布趋于均匀，消除空间电荷，使本发明的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料需具有良好的击穿特性；同时，纳米石墨具有良好的导热性，能够将工作过程中产生的热量导出，有助于降低绝缘材料工作温度，延长材料使用寿命。
具体实施方式
具体实施方式一：本实施方式的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料按质量百分比，由以下组分制备得到：
具体实施方式二：本实施方式的交联聚乙烯绝缘材料的制备方法，具体步骤为：
步骤1、按照配比取100份XLPE、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧剂300、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂1024、氟橡胶母料；
步骤2、将XLPE、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧化剂300、抗氧化剂1010、抗氧化剂DLTP、抗氧化剂1024、氟橡胶母料同时加入到搅拌机中混合均匀；
步骤3、将上述材料转入密闭的混炼机中，在100～120℃温度下进行熔融共混；
步骤4、将上述材料转入平板硫化机中，在150～180℃进行交联反应，30～60min后，得到添加了纳米石墨的交联聚乙烯产物；
步骤5、将步骤4中所得产物冷却后吸入干燥塔，设定温度60℃，烘干30min后取出。

Claims (2)

1.一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料，其特征在于，按质量百分比，由以下组分制备得到：
2.根据权利要求1所述交联聚乙烯绝缘材料的制备方法，其特征在于，具体步骤为：
步骤1、按照配比取100份低密度聚乙烯、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧剂300、抗氧剂1010、抗氧剂DLTP、抗氧剂1024、氟橡胶母料；
步骤2、将XLPE、EVA、纳米石墨、PP、交联剂DCP、抗氧化剂300、抗氧化剂1010、抗氧化剂DLTP、抗氧化剂1024、氟橡胶母料同时加入到搅拌机中混合均匀；
步骤3、将上述材料转入密闭的混炼机中，在100～120℃温度下进行熔融共混；
步骤4、将上述材料转入平板硫化机中，在150～180℃进行交联反应，30～60min后，得到添加了纳米石墨的交联聚乙烯产物；
步骤5、将步骤4中所得产物冷却后吸入干燥塔，设定温度60℃，烘干30min后取出。
CN201710103511.XA 2017-02-24 2017-02-24 一种交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法 Pending CN106867077A (zh)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107915887A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-17 哈尔滨理工大学 一种聚乙烯纳米复合材料内纳米粒子分散性改良方法
US20220017704A1 (en) * 2020-07-20 2022-01-20 Northwestern University Methods of forming crosslinked polyolefin nanocomposites having high wear resistance

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101418092A (zh) * 2008-10-31 2009-04-29 清华大学 用于感温电缆的正温度系数高分子复合材料及制备方法
CN103965543A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2014-08-06 哈尔滨理工大学 一种高压直流电缆用可交联聚乙烯绝缘材料
CN106633303A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2017-05-10 西安交通大学 高直流击穿场强的纳米复合交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101418092A (zh) * 2008-10-31 2009-04-29 清华大学 用于感温电缆的正温度系数高分子复合材料及制备方法
CN103965543A (zh) * 2014-05-21 2014-08-06 哈尔滨理工大学 一种高压直流电缆用可交联聚乙烯绝缘材料
CN106633303A (zh) * 2016-12-21 2017-05-10 西安交通大学 高直流击穿场强的纳米复合交联聚乙烯绝缘材料及其制备方法

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107915887A (zh) * 2017-12-12 2018-04-17 哈尔滨理工大学 一种聚乙烯纳米复合材料内纳米粒子分散性改良方法
US20220017704A1 (en) * 2020-07-20 2022-01-20 Northwestern University Methods of forming crosslinked polyolefin nanocomposites having high wear resistance
US11643511B2 (en) * 2020-07-20 2023-05-09 Northwestern University Methods of forming crosslinked polyolefin nanocomposites having high wear resistance

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