CN106865958B - A kind of glass melter combustion flame optimal control method - Google Patents
A kind of glass melter combustion flame optimal control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106865958B CN106865958B CN201710113031.1A CN201710113031A CN106865958B CN 106865958 B CN106865958 B CN 106865958B CN 201710113031 A CN201710113031 A CN 201710113031A CN 106865958 B CN106865958 B CN 106865958B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/235—Heating the glass
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/24—Automatically regulating the melting process
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06T—IMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
- G06T7/00—Image analysis
- G06T7/0002—Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
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Abstract
The invention belongs to glass melter correlative technology fields, and it discloses a kind of glass melter combustion flame optimal control methods comprising following steps: shooting flame image using flame image detector, obtain flame characteristic value according to flame image；Index weights distribution method according to antithesis weighting method distributes weight coefficient to the flame characteristic value obtained, and obtains the computation model of flame comprehensive features based on weight coefficient and flame characteristic value；The relational model between fuel quantity and maximum flame comprehensive features is established according to experimental data；Using flame comprehensive features as performance indicator, simultaneously using secondary air flow and fuel quantity as control amount, combustion flame optimizing control models are established in conjunction with image-signal processor, combustion flame is optimized using combustion flame optimizing control models and is controlled so that glass melter work is under corresponding maximum flame comprehensive features.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to glass melter correlative technology fields, optimize more particularly, to a kind of glass melter combustion flame
Control method.
Background technique
The main energy sources consumed in Improving Glass Manufacturing Processes have natural gas, heavy oil, coal gas, electric power etc., wherein natural to burn
The glass melter of gas and heavy oil is in the majority.The energy consumption of glass melter accounts for the 60%~70% of entire product comprehensive energy consumption, energy consumption
Expenditure account for 40% of totle drilling cost or so.In recent years, as West-East National Gas Transmission Project is smoothly completed and national environmental protection policy
Increasingly severe, many glass enterprises in China start the substitute gas that furnace fuel is environmentally friendly by nontoxic and pollution-free, clean and safe
Continue the heavy oil for using many years.Since natural gas main component is methane, combustion flame is longer, poor rigidity, easy unstable, easy calcination
Arch top is not easy to adjust, therefore it is more difficult to control to burn.Glass melter control system belongs to large inertia, purely retarded and more distribution parameters
Nonlinear system, and external interference is larger, and system is not easy to model, and it is relatively difficult to realize that kiln accurately controls.Currently, glass
The state modulator of glass melting furnaces uses single loop PID control, and some other controls are furthermore also used on some relatively large kilns
Mode, such as cross limiting range Combustion System, DMC-PID serials control, temperature Self-correc ting control, hot(test)-spot temperature is controlled, online to seek certainly
Excellent control etc..The superiority and inferiority of control performance not only has an impact to product quality and yield rate, has an effect on service life, the fuel of kiln
The overall costs index such as consumption, pollutant emission.
Currently, relevant technical staff in the field has done some researchs, such as application No. is 201610060504.1 it is special
Benefit discloses a kind of control optimization method of grate incinerator based on flame radiation image, burning in this method captured in real-time furnace
State, extract image R, G, B average value simultaneously bring trained BP neural network into, obtain combustion zone thermo parameters method and
Mean temperature, and compare and judge with preset temperature range, according to judging result to combustion zone delivery rate and a secondary air flow
Make corresponding adjustment.The above method can rebuild flame temperature field, realize the control to grate incinerator, effectively improve waste material combustion
The uniformity and efficiency of combustion of burning, however, the above method is more complicated, control precision is lower, is unfavorable for promoting and applying.Accordingly
Ground, there is the technical needs for developing a kind of higher combustion flame optimal control method of flexibility for this field.
Summary of the invention
Aiming at the above defects or improvement requirements of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of optimizations of glass melter combustion flame
Control method is designed the characteristics of burning based on glass melter for glass melter combustion flame control method.It is described
Glass melter combustion flame optimal control method optimizes control to glass melter combustion flame by combustion flame characteristic parameter
System, under the premise of meeting technique requirement, the economy for realizing burning is maximum.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a kind of glass melter combustion flame optimal control methods comprising with
Lower step:
(1) flame image is shot using flame image detector, obtains flame characteristic value according to flame image；
(2) weight coefficient is distributed to the flame characteristic value obtained, and flame is obtained based on weight coefficient and flame characteristic value
The computation model of comprehensive features；
(3) relational model between fuel quantity and maximum flame comprehensive features is established according to experimental data；
(4) using flame comprehensive features as performance indicator, while using secondary air flow and fuel quantity as control amount, in conjunction with
Image-signal processor establishes combustion flame optimizing control models, is carried out using combustion flame optimizing control models to combustion flame
Optimal control is so that glass melter works under corresponding maximum flame comprehensive features.
Further, the flame image detector is installed on the flame-observing hole of burner, so that the flame image detects
Device front shoots flame image.
Further, secondary air flow is adjusted with the determination maximum flame comprehensive features by both direction.
Further, the flame characteristic value includes the temperature of flame radial width, port coverage and flame region
With.
Further, the flame radial width and port coverage are between pixel and actual size based on image
Corresponding relationship obtain.
Further, the temperature of the flame region and be public by the duochrome method temperature-measurement principle based on Wien's radiation law
What formula obtained.
Further, the weighted coefficient distribution of the flame characteristic value is the index weights distribution side according to antithesis weighting method
What method carried out.
In general, through the invention it is contemplated above technical scheme is compared with the prior art, glass provided by the invention
Glass melting furnaces combustion flame optimal control method optimizes control to glass melter combustion flame by combustion flame characteristic parameter
System, under the premise of meeting technique requirement, the economy for realizing burning is maximum.In addition, the glass melter combustion flame is excellent
Change control method to be simply easily achieved, flexibility is higher, and usability is stronger, and control precision is higher, and stability is preferable.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the flow chart for the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method that better embodiment of the present invention provides；
Fig. 2 is the control block diagram that the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method in Fig. 1 is related to；
Fig. 3 is the signal that the flame edge threshold value that the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method in Fig. 1 is related to defines
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the detection knot of the flame characteristic value obtained using the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method in Fig. 1
Fruit figure；
Fig. 5 be the flame comprehensive features that are obtained using the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method in Fig. 1 at any time
Between change curve；
Fig. 6 is that the fuel quantity obtained using the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method in Fig. 1 and maximum flame are comprehensive
Close the relational graph between characteristic quantity.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as in addition, technical characteristic involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below
Not constituting a conflict with each other can be combined with each other.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is please referred to, the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method that better embodiment of the present invention provides is protected
Demonstrate,proved the big characteristic of glass melter combustion flame three: (1) brightness is big, and radianting capacity is strong；(2) directionality and rigidity are good, not unstable；
(3) there is stable length, thickness and biggish area coverage.The secondary air flow that will affect efficiency of combustion simultaneously becomes as control
Amount, the flame comprehensive features that will test realize fuel quantity and secondary air flow as performance indicator, by adjusting burning
Distribute rationally, improve kiln in combustion flame characteristic and Temperature Distribution, make combustion flame discharge heat it is as much as possible radiation to
Glass solution achieves energy-saving and emission reduction purposes so to improve the effective use of efficiency of combustion and heat.
In present embodiment, the glass melter combustion flame optimal control method is mainly comprised the steps that
Step 1, shoots flame image using flame image detector, obtains flame characteristic value according to flame Image Processing.
Specifically, the acquisition due to the installation site of flame image detector concerning combustion information in kiln, installation site are wanted to understand
Observation burner flame, also want as big as possible and include kiln space, sufficiently receive the radiation information in kiln everywhere, this
The flame image detector is installed on the flame-observing hole of burner by embodiment, enable the flame image detector just
Face shoots flame image.
It please refers to Fig. 3 to Fig. 6, in present embodiment, glass melter developed width A=6800mm is obtained by measurement, is clapped
Respective number of pixels a=302 in the image taken the photograph, then the corresponding actual size of pixel is A/a=22.52mm/.Described in interception
The row pixel of image Flame center draws the pixel value R primary colours color value distribution curve of image, it is known that pixel R value is bent
Line is that slope variation is maximum at 180 and curve shows symmetrical change rate maximum, therefore flame edge threshold at the R value in R value
Value is Ry=180, R value is greater than R in imageyFor flame region.It can be real in conjunction with the corresponding relationship between above-mentioned pixel and actual size
When obtain flame radial width FwAnd port coverage Fs。
The fire of each pixel is calculated by the duochrome method temperature-measurement principle formula (1) based on Wien's radiation law
Flame temperature Ti,j(i=1 ..., i；J=1 ..., j), and calculate the temperature and F of flame regiont。
In formula (1), λ1, λ2The respectively electromagnetic wavelength of flame same point sending, m；E(λ1, T), E (λ2, T) and it is respectively wave
Long λ1, λ2Corresponding homogeneous radiant energy, W/m3；C1, C2First Planck's constant and the second Planck's constant respectively, respectively
3.742×10-16W·m2With 1.4388 × 10-2m·K。
Step 2, the index weights distribution method according to antithesis weighting method distribute weight system to the flame characteristic value obtained
Number, and the computation model of flame comprehensive features is obtained based on weight coefficient and flame characteristic value.Specifically, the fire to be recorded
The maximum value F of the temperature sum of flame radial width, port coverage and flame regionw'=3322mm, Fs'=12.32%, Ft'
=16877530 DEG C are used as datum quantity, the flame radial width F that will be obtained in real timew, port coverage Fs, flame region temperature
Degree and FtRespectively divided by datum quantity Fw'、Fs'、Ft' do normalized and obtain Fw”、Fs”、Ft", it is weighed according to the index of antithesis weighting method
Redistribution method distributes weight coefficient aw=0.3, as=0.3, at=0.4, then performance indicator-fire of burner combustion situation superiority and inferiority
Flame comprehensive features F can be calculated by formula (2) and be obtained.It is to increase subsequent processing precision that flame is comprehensive special in present embodiment
The numerical value of sign amount F amplifies 1,000 times, as a result as shown in Figure 5.
F=0.3Fw”+0.3·Fs”+0.4·Ft” (2)
Step 3 establishes the relational model between fuel quantity and maximum flame comprehensive features according to experimental data.Specifically
Ground adjusts secondary air flow by both direction, to determine maximum flame comprehensive features Fmax, the two directions are respectively to increase
Direction and reduction direction.It is 1210m with fuel quantity in present embodiment3/ h operating condition is illustrated.
Augment direction: initial secondary air flow W is set first as 11500m3Secondary Air increment Delta W is set as 50m by/h3/ h, often
Secondary adjustment increases air quantity Δ W, is gradually increased secondary air flow, observes and records flame comprehensive features F, if flame comprehensive features
F numerical value increases, then continues growing secondary air flow, and and so on, until flame comprehensive features F starts to reduce, then last time adjusts
Obtained flame comprehensive features F is maximum flame comprehensive features Fmax；If flame comprehensive features F reduces, secondary air flow
It is adjusted to direction is reduced.
Reduce direction: setting initial secondary air flow W first as 11500m3Secondary Air reduction amount Δ W is set as 50m by/h3/ h,
Adjustment reduces air quantity Δ W every time, is gradually reduced secondary air flow, observes and records flame comprehensive features F, if flame comprehensive characteristics
It measures F numerical value to increase, then continues to reduce secondary air flow, and so on, until flame comprehensive features F starts to reduce, then last time tune
Whole obtained flame comprehensive features F is maximum flame comprehensive features Fmax；If flame comprehensive features F reduces, secondary air flow
It is adjusted to augment direction.
It can be obtained under multiple operating conditions according to above-mentioned regulation experiment method, the corresponding maximum flame comprehensive features of fuel quantity B
Fmax, and establish fuel quantity B and maximum flame comprehensive features FmaxBetween relational model, functional relation such as formula (3) institute
Show:
Fmax=-47.3018+0.72759B (3)
Step 4, using flame comprehensive features as performance indicator, while using secondary air flow and fuel quantity as control amount,
Combustion flame optimizing control models are established in conjunction with image-signal processor, using combustion flame optimizing control models to combustion flame
It optimizes and controls so that glass melter work is under corresponding maximum flame comprehensive features.Specifically, flame is comprehensive special
Sign amount F, as control amount, is based on dynamic matrix (DMC) control algolithm as controlled volume, fuel quantity and air quantity to establish transmitting letter
Matrix number predictive controller, and then establish combustion flame optimizing control models.In present embodiment, fuel quantity B=1210m3/h
When, feedforward controller D1 generates command signal Fmax=833.08, flame image signal processor D3 detect flame comprehensive features
F=795.94 calculates deviation signal E=37.14 by formula (4), and deviation signal E=37.14 is sent to predictive controller
D2, to generate the control instruction G to secondary air flow valve opening, control instruction G is sent into burner D4, to optimize secondary air flow rush
Into full combustion of fuel, and make the release heat of glass melts maximum absorption flame, not only improves efficiency of combustion, but also improve
Heat utilization ratio, to realize optimal control to combustion flame.
E=Fmax-F (4)
Glass melter combustion flame optimal control method provided by the invention, by combustion flame characteristic parameter to glass
Melting furnaces combustion flame optimizes control, and under the premise of meeting technique requirement, the economy for realizing burning is maximum.In addition,
The glass melter combustion flame optimal control method is simply easily achieved, and flexibility is higher, and usability is stronger, control precision compared with
It is high.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, not to
The limitation present invention, any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should all include
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of glass melter combustion flame optimal control method comprising following steps:
(1) flame image is shot using flame image detector, obtains flame characteristic value, the flame characteristic according to flame image
Amount include flame radial width, the temperature of port coverage and flame region and；
(2) weight coefficient is distributed to the flame characteristic value obtained, and flame synthesis is obtained based on weight coefficient and flame characteristic value
The computation model of characteristic quantity；
(3) relational model between fuel quantity and maximum flame comprehensive features is established according to experimental data；
(4) using flame comprehensive features as performance indicator, while using secondary air flow and fuel quantity as control amount, in conjunction with image
Signal processor establishes combustion flame optimizing control models, is optimized using combustion flame optimizing control models to combustion flame
It controls so that glass melter work is under corresponding maximum flame comprehensive features.
2. glass melter combustion flame optimal control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flame image is visited
The flame-observing hole that device is installed on burner is surveyed, so that flame image detector front shoots flame image.
3. glass melter combustion flame optimal control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: pass through both direction tune
Whole secondary air flow is with the determination maximum flame comprehensive features.
4. glass melter combustion flame optimal control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flame is radially-wide
Degree and port coverage are that the corresponding relationship between pixel and actual size based on image obtains.
5. glass melter combustion flame optimal control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flame region
Temperature and obtained by the duochrome method temperature-measurement principle formula based on Wien's radiation law.
6. glass melter combustion flame optimal control method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the flame characteristic value
Weighted coefficient distribution be to be carried out according to the index weights distribution method of antithesis weighting method.
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| CN115575382B (en) * | 2022-11-23 | 2023-03-28 | 江苏奥文仪器科技有限公司 | Flame capture device for improving detection stability of spark direct-reading spectrometer |
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