CN106862447B - A kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit - Google Patents
A kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN106862447B CN106862447B CN201710132448.2A CN201710132448A CN106862447B CN 106862447 B CN106862447 B CN 106862447B CN 201710132448 A CN201710132448 A CN 201710132448A CN 106862447 B CN106862447 B CN 106862447B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
- B21J5/002—Hybrid process, e.g. forging following casting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/02—Preliminary treatment of metal stock without particular shaping, e.g. salvaging segregated zones, forging or pressing in the rough
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J1/00—Preparing metal stock or similar ancillary operations prior, during or post forging, e.g. heating or cooling
- B21J1/04—Shaping in the rough solely by forging or pressing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of forging methods, more particularly to a kind of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit multiway forging method for obtaining uniform fine tissue, include the following steps: 1) to carry out high temperature homogenization processing to the directional solidification ingot blank of low segregation, high-purity；2) jumping-up cogging is carried out to directional solidification ingot blank；3) blank after jumping-up is forged into cuboid blank；4) multiway forging is carried out to cuboid blank；5) finishing is carried out to the blank after multiple cycle-index multiway forgings, obtains bar stock/biscuit of required size；6) Physico-chemical tests are carried out to obtained bar stock/biscuit.The present invention is not only adapted to the preparation of Aeronautics and Astronautics, naval vessel high-alloying nickel base superalloy homogenous superfine crystal bar base, also may extend to steel mill production high-speed steel, hot die steel, and prepared fine grain bar stock has the characteristics that even tissue.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forging methods, and in particular to a kind of high-alloying high temperature alloy for obtaining uniform fine tissue
Bar stock/biscuit multiway forging method.
Background technique
As aeroengine thrust constantly increases, the advanced aero engine turbine disk is logical with nickel-base high-temperature alloy material
The alloy preparation of more high-alloying degree is often needed, the fine grain bar stock/biscuit for obtaining ingredient and even tissue is to prepare the turbine disk
The important foundation of forging, while being the guarantee for realizing material normal service and engine property safe and reliable to operation.
There are mainly two types of produce work for the current bar stock/biscuit for preparing the components such as the high-alloying nickel base superalloy turbine disk
Skill: first is that tradition casting & forging process, i.e. double vacuum (vacuum induction+vacuum consumable) two or three (vacuum induction+electroslag remelting+
Vacuum consumable) smelting process prepares ingot casting, and subsequent cogging carries out the bar stock/biscuit for being forged into required specification；Second is that powder metallurgy
Technique obtains the blank of hot isostatic pressing using mill diagram line processed, is then forged, obtain bar stock/biscuit of required specification.
Tradition casting & forging process route prepares Ni-based disk alloy blank, prepares big size ingot-casting first, then passes through axial upsetting
There is several as follows ask for the existing domestic and international high temperature alloy bar stock condition of production in the bar stock/biscuit for pulling into required specification
Topic, first is that the higher ingot formation hot tearing situation of alloying level is more universal, it is (macro that this is mostly derived from center segregation existing for ingot casting
See segregation), this component segregation directly heredity can cause quality unreliable, second is that axial upsetting pull can not be complete to final products
Complete solution determine structural homogenity control the problem of, occur deforming the problem that dead zone is more and coarse-grain, mixed crystal are more, cause bar stock ultrasonic
The wave property visited reduces, and lower test stone has finally buried unsafe hidden danger to quality of materials.
Powder metallurgy route prepares Ni-based disk alloy blank, although the problem of being controlled there is no ingredient and structural homogenity,
But process route is longer, higher cost, and the risk for introducing field trash is larger.The U.S. uses the argon gas atomized powder dead end at present
Line and extrusion deformation process can very good solution field trash the problem of, and when China is the shortcomings that overcoming this respect, still is apparent not enough.
From the point of view of international trend, answered since the high cost of powder metallurgical technique route preparation has limited its large-scale engineering
With.Therefore with the continuous improvement of metallurgy and forging industrialization technology level, using advanced ingot metallurgy and extraordinary forging phase
In conjunction with route prepare high-alloying alloy material and have wide prospect.
Multiway forging be current international material educational circles generally acknowledge acquisition homogenous superfine crystalline substance blank large plastometric set technique it
One.Compared with Equal Channel Angular Pressing, high pressure torsion, accumulation pack rolling, multidirectional solid forging has the advantages that its uniqueness: i.e. load is axial
Sequence sexually revise the anisotropy that can eliminate tissue；Multidirectional compression can be realized according to the shape and size of blank, due to removing
Pulling process, deform it is more controllable, convenient for accurately calculating deflection；Simple process and low cost, can be directly with existing industrialization
Equipment preparation large scale blank, can directly be applicable in industrialized production；It keeps new in certain temperature range section to move
State recrystallization crystal particle dimension is constant, obtains uniform Ultra-fine Grained blank.
ESR-CDS smelting technique can prepare the large scale directional solidification ingot casting of required specification, which has high-purity, low
The characteristics of segregation, therefore heat processing technique function admirable, material recovery rate are high；The bar stock of the multiway forging technology preparation of use/
Biscuit can realize that even tissue is tiny, improve the blank ultrasonic wave property visited, substantially reduce materials'use risk.
The present invention provides a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit, by by ESR-CDS
Technology is combined with multiway forging method, is prepared for the tiny bar stock/biscuit of even tissue, process costs are lower, and the forging
Method may extend to the special steel material of steel mill's production such as high alloying level such as high-speed steel, hot die steel.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit, this method is by making
It is to be handled using multiway forging method blank using the blank of the directional solidification of ESR-CDS technology preparation with ingot casting, it is real
Structure refinement, uniformity and the consistency of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock are showed.
Technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit, the ingot casting that the bar stock/biscuit uses are
The directional solidification ingot blank prepared using electroslag remelting continuous directional solidification (ESR-CDS) technology, the multiway forging method include
Following steps:
1) high temperature homogenization processing is carried out to the directional solidification ingot blank of low segregation, high-purity；
2) jumping-up cogging is carried out to high temperature homogenization treated directional solidification ingot blank；
3) blank after jumping-up is forged into cuboid blank；
4) multiway forging is carried out to cuboid blank, this step includes three passages, and every three passages are a circulation, often
Blank is rotated by 90 ° between a passage, guarantees that blank three-dimensional is successively forged；
5) finishing is carried out to the blank after multiple cycle-index multiway forgings, obtains bar stock/biscuit of required size；
6) Physico-chemical tests are carried out to obtained bar stock/biscuit, the Physico-chemical tests include ultrasound examination structural homogenity
With the grading of metallurgical microstructrue, determine whether prepared bar stock/biscuit reaches requirement, if not reaching requirement, repeat into
Row step 3), 4) and 5) after carry out detection until reaching requirement.
The present invention by the way that ESR-CDS technology is combined with multiway forging method, be prepared for the tiny bar stock of even tissue/
Biscuit, process costs are lower, and the forging method may extend to steel mill's production such as high-alloyings such as high-speed steel, hot die steel
The special steel material of degree；The uniformity of precise measurement tissue is capable of in ultrasound examination, and using contact method ultrasonic examination, instrument is aobvious
Show the uniformity of the height reflection grain structure of noise level, noise level is higher, and the grain structure for illustrating the region is thicker；It is micro-
It sees tissue grading to grade to grain size using division lines method, can guarantee the uniformity and consistency of grain structure.
Further, the directional solidification ingot blank is nickel base superalloy, and chemical component is by percentage to the quality are as follows: C:
0.015%~0.06%, Co:12%~21%, Cr:12%~18%, W:1.9%~4.2%, Mo:3.0%~4.5%,
Ti:3.2%~5.2%, Al:1.8%~3.6%, B:0.01%~0.02%, Zr:0.03%~0.06%, Nb:0.65%
~1.1%, Ta:0~2.6%, Fe :≤0.5%, surplus is Ni and inevitable impurity.
Directional solidification ingot blank used in the present invention is nickel base superalloy, and usual ingot formation is conventional axial upsetting pull side
Formula or upsetting pull combine mode with diameter forging and obtain bar stock/biscuit, and this tradition forging method obtains bar stock/biscuit even tissue
Property cannot be guaranteed, and the ultrasonic examination property visited is lower, influences the reliability of final products；The present invention uses electroslag remelting
Continuous directional solidification ingot casting prepares alloy bar stock/biscuit, ensure that the uniformity and consistency of batch components first, then by more
To forging method, structure refinement, uniformity and consistency is furthermore achieved.
Further, in the step 1), it is described it is low segregation, high-purity directional solidification ingot blank high temperature homogenization processing
Temperature rise period, first step temperature range was 400~600 DEG C there are four step, second step temperature range be 900~
1000 DEG C, third step temperature is 1130~1160 DEG C, and heating rate is not more than 100 DEG C/h, highest step temperature range
At 1170 DEG C~1220 DEG C, soaking time is not less than 30 hours for control.
Above-mentioned soaking time refers to the soaking time to highest step temperature, and four heat preservation steps, which are arranged, can eliminate low melting point
Phase reduces ingot blank thermal stress.
Further, in the step 2), the directional solidification ingot blank uses controllable jumping-up cogging technics, jumping-up road
Secondary is 2~4 times, and Forge Heating temperature range is controlled at 1100 DEG C~1170 DEG C, and strain rate scope control is in 0.01~1s-1,
Engineering cumulative deformation range 60%~75%, obtains the biscuit of required size.
Above-mentioned controllable jumping-up cogging technics refer to that deflection is controllable, are the height because of ingot casting using jumping-up cogging technics
Degree and diameter proportion are 4.5 or so, and accurately calculating and controlling for deflection may be implemented in jumping-up cogging, to reach ingot casting column crystal
Broken purpose.
Further, in the step 3), blank after jumping-up prepared by step 2) is forged into required dimension scale
Cuboid blank, Forge Heating temperature range are controlled at 1100 DEG C~1170 DEG C, and thermal deformation process will forge time strict control
At 3~5 minutes, strain rate scope control was in 0.01~1s-1。
Select above-mentioned temperature, forge the time, strain rate range can be realized prepared bar stock/biscuit microstructure
Structure refinement, uniformity and consistency.
Further, in the step 4), there are three passage, each passage engineering project deformations for each loop control of multiway forging
Range 30%~60% is measured, Forge Heating temperature range is controlled at 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C, and strain rate scope control is 0.001
~0.1s-1。
Engineering strain amount scope control in multiway forging per pass is protected 30%~60% in card material good moldability
In the case of, while reaching the critical strain amount of perfect recrystallization.
Further, in the step 4), the cycle-index of multiway forging is 2~7 times.
The cycle-index of multiway forging process is specifically needed according to the crystal grain and metallographic structure of required bar stock/biscuit come really
It is fixed, by the circulation of multiway forging, realize structure refinement, uniformity and consistency.
Further, step 2)~5) in, the nickel-base alloy blank of the high-alloying per pass adopt by forging process
Mode is covered with Soft Roll, sheath material uses high temperature fiber blanket；Thickness range is coated in the nickel-base alloy blank surface of high-alloying
The pyroceram protecting lubricant of 0.06~0.1mm.
The cooling that can be avoided nickel-base alloy blank using Soft Roll set mode, is played insulation effect, can guarantee alloy material
Material obtains uniform microstructure；Using pyroceram protecting lubricant can be effectively reduced blank and forging equipment hammer anvil it
Between frictional force, promote blank deformation more evenly.
Further, in the step 5), the finishing is the shape and size according to needed for target product, in hydraulic press
It is upper that final molding is carried out to blank using specific moulds of industrial equipment, to reach accurate dimension.
Further, the microstructure of the high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit is γ phase and γ ' phase, the γ
The content range of phase is 45%~70%, and the content range of the γ ' phase is 30%~55%.
Further, equipment used in the multiway forging method is controllable, controllable-rate and tonnage using stroke
The hydrostatic forging equipment of pressure needed for meeting.
The invention has the benefit that
1) a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit provided by the invention can be in existing steel mill
Realized in forge plant, forging equipment is speed, pressure flexibly controllable hydraulic press, therefore easy to industrialized production, technique at
This is lower；The present invention is not only adapted to Aeronautics and Astronautics, naval vessel high-alloying nickel base superalloy homogenous superfine crystal bar base/cake
The preparation of base, also may extend to steel mill's production such as high-speed steel, hot die steel, and prepared fine grain bar stock/biscuit has group
Knit uniform feature；
2) high alloy chemical combination prepared by a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit of the present invention
Golden bar stock/biscuit ultrasound property visited and ingredient structural homogenity are suitable with blank prepared by powder metallurgy route, significantly reduce at
This；
3) bar stock/biscuit prepared by a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit of the present invention
Tissue have reached the standard of final components use state, can further prepare different size shapes and again as needed
The component of amount.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is a kind of specific flow chart of the multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is to be prepared using the embodiment of the present invention 1Nickel-base alloy biscuit pictorial diagram；
Fig. 3 is nickel-base alloy biscuit axial direction vertical section macrostructure in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 4 is nickel-base alloy biscuit high power microscopic metallographic structure in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 5 is to be prepared using the embodiment of the present invention 2Nickel-base alloy bar stock pictorial diagram；
Fig. 6 is nickel-base alloy bar stock cross section macrostructure in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 7 is nickel-base alloy bar stock high power microscopic metallographic structure in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
In figure, the processing of 1- high temperature homogenization, 2- jumping-up cogging, 3- forges rectangular, and 4- passage 1,5- is rotated by 90 °, 6- passage
2,7- are rotated by 90 °, 8- passage 3, and 9- repeats passage 1,2 and 3,10- finishing bar stock/biscuit, 11- Physico-chemical tests.
Specific embodiment
Specifically describing the preferred embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein attached drawing constitutes the application a part, and
Together with embodiments of the present invention for illustrating the principle of the present invention.
Embodiment 1
Preparation having a size ofAverage grain size be ASTM 8-9 grades high-alloying it is Ni-based
Alloy turbine disk biscuit forging.
Ni-based turbine disk alloy, chemical component are as follows: C:0.03wt%, Co:13wt%, Cr:16wt%, W:4.2wt%,
Mo:3.9wt%, Ti:3.7wt%, Al:2.1wt%, B:0.015wt%, Zr:0.05wt%, Nb:0.7wt%, Ta:0%,
Fe :≤0.5wt%, surplus is Ni and inevitable impurity.
Such as the specific flow chart that Fig. 1 is multiway forging method of the present invention, the multiway forging side of the biscuit forging of embodiment 1
Method uses electroslag remelting continuous directional solidification technology (ESR-CDS) to prepare diameter as 270mm, and the orientation that length is 1150mm is solidifying
Gu ingot casting mainly includes the following steps:
1) carrying out the high temperature homogenization processing temperature rise period to the directional solidification ingot blank of low segregation, high-purity must be there are four platform
Rank, first step temperature are 400 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, and second step temperature is 950 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, and third step temperature is
1150 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, heating rate are 80 DEG C/h, and the control of highest step temperature is at 1200 DEG C, soaking time 36h；
2) jumping-up cogging is carried out to directional solidification ingot blank: uses controllable constraint jumping-up cogging technics, jumping-up passage is 3
Secondary, at 1130 DEG C, strain rate is controlled 0.05 the control of Forge Heating temperatureS -1, engineering cumulative deformation is 70%, obtains institute
Need the biscuit of size；
3) blank after cogging is forged into cuboid blank: cylindrical biscuit is forged into the rectangular of required dimension scale
Body, at 1120 DEG C, thermal deformation process will forge the time and be strict controlled in 3~4min, strain rate control the control of Forge Heating temperature
System is 0.05S -1；
4) multiway forging is carried out to cuboid blank, this step includes three passages, is followed successively by passage 1, passage 2 and passage
3, three passages are referred to as a circulation, are rotated by 90 ° blank between each passage, guarantee that blank three-dimensional successively obtains
Forging, each passage engineering project deformation amount are 40%, and at 1080 DEG C, strain rate is controlled 0.05 the control of Forge Heating temperatureS -1；
Multiway forging cycle-index is 4 circulations；
5) finishing is carried out to the blank after the multiway forging of 4 cycle-indexes, i.e., according to the shape of required product and
Size carries out precise forming using specific tooling and mold on press, obtain having a size of's
Biscuit；
6) Physico-chemical tests are carried out to obtained biscuit, commenting including ultrasound examination structural homogenity and metallurgical microstructrue
Grade, multiway forging can reach the requirement of physical and chemical inspection after 4 circulations, i.e. macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, no deformation
Dead zone and coarse grain zone, average grain size are ASTM 8-9 grades, and biscuit reaches requirement.
Wherein step 2), 3) and 4) in, for blank, forging process need to be carried out using Soft Roll set mode per pass, jacket material
Material uses high temperature fiber blanket；For the frictional force between reduction blank and forging equipment hammer anvil, promote the deformation of blank more evenly,
Blank surface coats the pyroceram protecting lubricant of 0.08mm；Above-mentioned pyroceram protecting lubricant main component is boron
Silicate, resin, water are the mixture of 1:2:2 ratio composition according to mass ratio.
Fig. 2,3 and 4 are respectively pictorial diagram, macrostructure and the height for the high-alloying nickel-base alloy biscuit that embodiment 1 manufactures
It organizes, it can be seen that, is prepared using multiway forging method of the invention from Fig. 2,3 and 4 againCake
Base forging, is measured using vernier caliper, is of the required size, and macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, no deformation dead zone
And coarse grain zone, average grain size are ASTM 8-9 grades, average grain size refers to edge in the end cross-sectional of biscuit, R/
2 and the sampling of three positions of center portion, metallographic is prepared, each position takes 10 visual fields, grades, takes to grain size using division lines method
Rating scale: average value refers to GB/T 6394-2002；Macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, no deformation dead zone and coarse grain zone
Defining standard are as follows: detect by an unaided eye macrostructure, visually observe should uniformly, without observable blackspot, hickie, shrinkage porosite etc.
Gross imperfection, without observable coarse grain region.
Highly sensitive carrying out flaw detection is carried out using ultrasonic wave, which meets requirement of the subsequent components to tissue, can root
The processing of forging is carried out according to practical use.
In the present embodiment 1 in the microstructure of prepared high-alloying nickel-base alloy turbine disk biscuit forging, γ phase
Content is that the content of 60%, γ ' phase is 40%.
Embodiment 2
Preparation having a size ofAverage grain size be ASTM9-10 grade the Ni-based turbine disk conjunction
Golden bar stock forging.
Ni-based turbine disk alloy, chemical component are as follows: C:0.03wt%, Co:20.5wt%, Cr:13wt%, W:
2.1wt%, Mo:3.8wt%, Ti:3.7wt%, Al:3.4wt%, B:0.015wt%, Zr:0.05wt%, Nb:0.9wt%,
Ta:2.4wt%, Fe :≤0.5%, surplus is Ni and inevitable impurity.
The multiway forging method of the bar stock forging of embodiment 2 prepares diameter using electroslag remelting continuous directional solidification technology
For 270mm, length is the directional solidification ingot casting of 1200mm, is mainly included the following steps:
1) high temperature homogenization processing carried out to the directional solidification ingot blank of low segregation, high-purity: the temperature rise period there are four step,
First step temperature is 400 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, and second step temperature is 950 DEG C of heat preservation 2h, and third step temperature is 1150
DEG C heat preservation 2h, heating rate is 80 DEG C/h, and the control of highest step temperature is at 1220 DEG C, soaking time 36h；
2) jumping-up cogging is carried out to directional solidification ingot blank: uses controllable constraint jumping-up cogging technics, jumping-up passage is 3
Secondary, at 1150 DEG C, strain rate is controlled in 0.5s the control of Forge Heating temperature-1, engineering cumulative deformation is 70%, needed for obtaining
The biscuit of size；
3) blank after cogging is forged into cuboid blank: cylindrical biscuit is forged into the rectangular of required dimension scale
Body, Forge Heating temperature are controlled at 1140 DEG C, and the time that forges of thermal deformation process is strict controlled in 4min, and initial forging temperature is not less than
1130 DEG C, final forging temperature is not less than 900 DEG C, and strain rate is controlled in 0.5s-1；
4) multiway forging is carried out to cuboid blank, this step includes three passages, is followed successively by passage 1, passage 2 and passage
3, three passages are referred to as a circulation, are rotated by 90 ° blank between each passage, guarantee that blank three-dimensional successively obtains
Forging；Each passage engineering project deformation amount is 40%, and at 1100 DEG C, strain rate is controlled in 0.5s the control of Forge Heating temperature-1；It is more
4 circulations are needed to forging；
5) finishing molding is carried out to the blank after the multiway forging recycled by 4, i.e., according to the shape of required product and
Size carries out precise forming using specific tooling and mold on press, obtains the bar stock of required size；
6) Physico-chemical tests are carried out to obtained bar stock, commenting including ultrasound examination structural homogenity and metallurgical microstructrue
Grade, multiway forging can reach the requirement of physical and chemical inspection through 4 circulations, i.e. macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, and no deformation is dead
Area and coarse grain zone, average grain size are ASTM8-9 grades.
Wherein step 2), 3), 4) He 5) in, for blank per pass forging process need to using Soft Roll set mode carry out, wrap
Cover material uses high temperature fiber blanket；To reduce the friction between blank and forging equipment hammer anvil, promote the change of blank more evenly
Shape coats the pyroceram protecting lubricant of 0.07mm in blank surface.
Similarly, Fig. 5,6 and 7 are respectively the pictorial diagram for the high-alloying nickel-base alloy bar stock that embodiment 2 manufactures, macrostructure
And mirco structure, it can be seen that, prepared using multiway forging method of the invention from Fig. 5,6 and 7
Bar stock forging, measured, be of the required size using vernier caliper, macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, no deformation
Dead zone and coarse grain zone, average grain size are ASTM 9-10 grades, which meets the requirement of components service performance, can be according to reality
The processing of border purposes progress forging.Average grain size refers to the edge in the end cross-sectional of bar stock, three portions R/2 and center portion
Position sampling, prepares metallographic, and each position takes 10 visual fields, is graded, is averaged to grain size using division lines method, grading mark
It is quasi-: to refer to GB/T6394-2002；Macrostructure is uniform, no gross segregation, and the defining standard of no deformation dead zone and coarse grain zone is to use
Macrostructure is visually observed, visually observing without gross imperfections such as observable blackspot, hickie, shrinkage porosites, may not be used uniformly
The coarse grain region observed.
In the present embodiment 2 in the microstructure of prepared Ni-based turbine disk alloy bar stock forging, the content of γ phase is
The content of 45%, γ ' phase is 55%.
The present invention provides a kind of multiway forging methods of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit, by using ingot casting
To be handled using multiway forging method blank, realizing height using the blank of the directional solidification of ESR-CDS technology preparation
Alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit structure refinement, uniformity and consistency；Multiway forging method provided by the invention can be
It is realized in existing steel mill and forge plant, forging equipment is speed, the flexible controllable hydraulic press of pressure, therefore is easy to industrial metaplasia
It produces, process costs are lower；The present invention is not only adapted to Aeronautics and Astronautics, naval vessel high-alloying nickel base superalloy homogenous superfine
The preparation of crystal bar base, also may extend to steel mill's production such as high-speed steel, hot die steel, and prepared fine grain bar stock has tissue
Uniform feature；Prepared high-alloying alloy bar stock/biscuit ultrasound property visited and ingredient structural homogenity and powder metallurgy
The blank of route preparation is suitable, significantly reduces cost；Meanwhile the tissue of bar stock/biscuit prepared by the present invention has reached finally
The standard of components use state can further prepare the component of different size shapes and weight as needed.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto,
In the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by anyone skilled in the art,
It should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit, which is characterized in that the bar stock/biscuit makes
Ingot casting is the directional solidification ingot blank prepared using electroslag remelting continuous directional solidification technology, and the multiway forging method includes
Following steps:
1) high temperature homogenization processing is carried out to the directional solidification ingot blank of low segregation, high-purity；
The temperature rise period of the high temperature homogenization processing sets there are four step, and first step temperature range is 400~600 DEG C,
Second step temperature range is 900~1000 DEG C, and third step temperature is 1130~1160 DEG C, and heating rate is not more than
100 DEG C/h, at 1170 DEG C~1220 DEG C, soaking time is not less than 30 hours the control of highest step temperature range；
2) jumping-up cogging is carried out to high temperature homogenization treated directional solidification ingot blank；
3) blank after jumping-up is forged into cuboid blank；
4) multiway forging is carried out to cuboid blank, this step includes three passages, and every three passages are a circulation, Mei Gedao
Blank is rotated by 90 ° between secondary, guarantees that blank three-dimensional is successively forged；
5) finishing is carried out to the blank after 2~7 cycle-index multiway forgings, obtains bar stock/biscuit of required size；
6) Physico-chemical tests are carried out to obtained bar stock/biscuit, determines whether prepared bar stock/biscuit reaches requirement, if up to not
To requirement, then repeat step 3), 4) and 5) after carry out detection again until reaching requirement；
High-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit microstructure of the step 6) preparation is γ phase and γ ' phase, the γ phase
Content range be 45%~70%, the content range of the γ ' phase is 30%~55%.
2. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 1, feature exist
In the directional solidification ingot blank is nickel base superalloy, and chemical component is by percentage to the quality are as follows: C:0.015%~
0.06%, Co:12%~21%, Cr:12%~18%, W:1.9%~4.2%, Mo:3.0%~4.5%, Ti:3.2%~
5.2%, Al:1.8%~3.6%, B:0.01%~0.02%, Zr:0.03%~0.06%, Nb:0.65%~1.1%, Ta:
0~2.6%, Fe :≤0.5%, surplus is Ni and inevitable impurity.
3. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 1 or 2, special
Sign is, in the step 2), the directional solidification ingot blank uses controllable jumping-up cogging technics, and jumping-up passage is 2~4
Secondary, Forge Heating temperature range is controlled at 1100 DEG C~1170 DEG C, and strain rate scope control is in 0.01~1s-1, engineering accumulation
Deflection range is 60%~75%.
4. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 3, feature exist
In, in the step 3), blank after jumping-up prepared by step 2) is forged into the cuboid blank of required dimension scale, forge
At 1100 DEG C~1170 DEG C, thermal deformation process will forge the time and be strict controlled in 3~5 minutes for heating temperature range control, strain
Speed range is controlled in 0.01~1s-1。
5. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 4, feature exist
In, in the step 4), each loop control of multiway forging there are three passage, each passage engineering project deformation amount range 30%~
60%, Forge Heating temperature range is controlled at 1050 DEG C~1150 DEG C, and strain rate scope control is in 0.001~0.1s-1。
6. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 5, feature exist
In step 2)~5) in, forging process is wrapped the nickel-base alloy blank of the high-alloying using Soft Roll set mode per pass
Cover material uses high temperature fiber blanket；The resistance to of 0.06~0.1mm of thickness range is coated in the nickel-base alloy blank surface of high-alloying
High temp glass protecting lubricant.
7. a kind of multiway forging method of high-alloying high temperature alloy bar stock/biscuit according to claim 6, feature exist
In in the step 5), the finishing is the shape and size according to needed for target product, uses specific tooling on a hydraulic press
Mold carries out final molding to blank, to reach accurate dimension.
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