CN106855611B - Battery SOC estimation method and system - Google Patents

Battery SOC estimation method and system Download PDF

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CN106855611B
CN106855611B CN201710041836.XA CN201710041836A CN106855611B CN 106855611 B CN106855611 B CN 106855611B CN 201710041836 A CN201710041836 A CN 201710041836A CN 106855611 B CN106855611 B CN 106855611B
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temperature
battery
capacity
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soc
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孔满
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Baoli New Energy Technology Co ltd
Baolixin Shenzhen New Energy Technology Development Co ltd
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Shenzhen Anding New Energy Technology Development Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/367Software therefor, e.g. for battery testing using modelling or look-up tables
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01RMEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/36Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
    • G01R31/385Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
    • G01R31/387Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC

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Abstract

The invention provides a battery SOC estimation method, which comprises the following steps: collecting the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries; looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT(ii) a Calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR(ii) a Respectively obtaining the charging capacity Q under the temperature T by looking up a table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single batteryCTAnd discharge capacity QDT(ii) a Calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure DDA0001215029000000011
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure DDA0001215029000000012
Calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TT. The battery SOC estimation method provided by the invention can calculate the SOC at the current temperature according to the temperature change, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the battery SOC at different temperatures. The invention also provides a battery SOC estimation system.

Description

Battery SOC estimation method and system
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of battery management systems, in particular to a battery SOC estimation method and system.
[ background of the invention ]
The available capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery is closely related to the temperature and the discharge rate, and the ohmic internal resistance and the polarization internal resistance of the lithium iron phosphate battery at low temperature are far greater than those of the lithium iron phosphate battery at normal temperature, so that the available capacity of the lithium iron phosphate battery at low temperature is seriously influenced by the temperature and the discharge rate. For setting the same charge cut-off voltage and discharge cut-off voltage, the charging capacity of the battery at different temperatures when the battery reaches the charge cut-off voltage will be different, and particularly the charging capacity at low temperature is only 70% at normal temperature, even less than 70%. Similarly, the discharge of the battery at different temperatures is the same, and the dischargeable capacity at low temperature is far less than that at normal temperature.
However, some of the reduced capacity recovers as the battery temperature rises. Therefore, when the SOC of the battery is estimated, if the influence of the battery temperature is ignored, the battery reaches the cut-off voltage when the SOC (State of Charge) is high, so that the vehicle cannot run, and even the battery is damaged.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide a new method and system for estimating the SOC of a battery to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a battery SOC estimation method and a battery SOC estimation system, which can calculate the SOC of the battery at the current temperature according to the change of the temperature, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the battery SOC at different temperatures.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a battery SOC estimation method, which is applied to an electric vehicle, wherein the electric vehicle includes a battery pack for providing power for the electric vehicle, and the battery pack includes a plurality of single batteries; the battery SOC estimation method includes the steps of:
collecting the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries;
looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT
Calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR
Respectively obtaining the charging capacity Q under the temperature T by looking up a table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single batteryCTAnd discharge capacity QDT
Calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure BDA0001215028980000021
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure BDA0001215028980000022
Calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TT
The invention also provides a battery SOC estimation system, which is applied to an electric automobile, wherein the electric automobile comprises a battery pack for providing power for the electric automobile, and the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries; the battery SOC estimation system comprises an acquisition module, a table look-up module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries; the table look-up module is used for looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT(ii) a The calculation module is used for calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR(ii) a The table look-up module is also used for looking up a table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single battery to respectively obtain the charging capacity Q under the temperature TCTAnd discharge capacity QDT(ii) a The calculation module is also used for calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure BDA0001215028980000031
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure BDA0001215028980000032
The calculation module is also used for calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TT
The method and the system for estimating the SOC of the battery fully consider the influence of the temperature on the SOC of the single battery, further consider the influence of the recoverable unavailable capacity of the single battery on the SOC of the single battery when the temperature changes, and further improve the estimation precision of the SOC of the single battery.
[ description of the drawings ]
Fig. 1 is a functional block diagram of an electric vehicle including a battery SOC estimation system provided by the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery SOC estimation method provided by the present invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantageous effects of the present invention more clearly apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the preferred embodiment of the invention, are intended for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a functional block diagram of an electric vehicle 99 including a battery SOC estimation system 200 according to the present invention is shown. The electric vehicle 99 includes a battery pack 100, a battery SOC estimation system 200, a memory 300, and a processor 400. The battery pack 100 is used for providing power for the electric vehicle 99. In the present embodiment, the battery pack 100 includes a plurality of unit batteries. The battery SOC estimation system 200 includes an acquisition module 10, a lookup table module 20, and a calculation module 30. It is understood that the above-mentioned functional modules may be stored in the memory 300 in the form of software programs and executed by the processor 400. In an alternative embodiment, each of the functional modules may also be a hardware with a specific function, for example, a chip burned with a specific software program.
The functional modules described above will be described in detail with reference to fig. 2.
Fig. 2 is a flowchart of a battery SOC estimation method according to an embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the method of the present invention is not limited to the order of the following steps, and in other embodiments, the method of the present invention may include only a portion of the following steps, or some of the steps may be deleted.
And S01, the acquisition module 10 is used for acquiring the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries.
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the collection module 10 is described by taking a battery management system as an example. The core function of the battery management system is to manage the battery pack 100, and the collection of the battery voltage, the battery current and the battery temperature is one of the basic functions, so that any battery management system can realize the collection of the battery voltage, the battery current and the battery temperature.
S02, the table look-up module 20 is used for looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT
It can be understood that the charge-discharge efficiency etaTThe battery pack 100 can be charged and discharged by using different currents at different temperatures by using an off-line test method, and the charging and discharging efficiency eta corresponding to the different currents is recordedTAnd stored in the memory 300.
S03, the calculating module 30 is used for calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR
Specifically, in the present embodiment, the relative SoC of the unit battery is calculatedRThe specific formula of (A) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001215028980000041
wherein the SoCRThe formula (1) is a relative SOC estimation method for estimating the remaining capacity of the battery cell, which is the relative SOC of the battery cells in the same state; said QRThe capacity of the single battery under the room temperature environment; etaTIs the charge-discharge efficiency of the cell at temperature T.
S04, the table look-up module 20 is used for looking up the table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single battery to respectively obtain the charging capacity Q under the temperature TCTAnd discharge capacity QDT
Specifically, the charging capacity QCTThe difference between the capacity of the single cell with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of T DEG C and the capacity of the single cell with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of 20 ℃. In the present embodiment, the charge capacity Q isCTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001215028980000051
the discharge capacity QDTIs the difference between the capacity of the single cell with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the capacity of the single cell with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of T ℃. In the present embodiment, the charge capacity Q isCTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure BDA0001215028980000052
s05, the calculation module 30 is used for calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure BDA0001215028980000053
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure BDA0001215028980000054
Specifically, the recoverable amount of unavailable charge is calculated
Figure BDA0001215028980000055
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure BDA0001215028980000056
Respectively as follows:
Figure BDA0001215028980000057
Figure BDA0001215028980000058
wherein Q isRThe capacity of the battery under the room temperature environment; qCTThe charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C; qDTThe discharge capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure BDA0001215028980000059
is the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure BDA00012150289800000510
is the recoverable non-discharge capacity of the single battery under the temperature T DEG C. It will be understood that the temperature is single at T degrees CelsiusDischarge capacity Q of the bulk batteryDTCharging capacity Q of batteryCTAnd capacity Q of the battery in a room temperature environmentRThe recoverable unusable charging capacity of the single battery at the corresponding temperature can be obtained by off-line testing and table look-up, and then obtained according to the formulas (4) and (5)
Figure BDA00012150289800000511
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure BDA00012150289800000512
S06, the calculating module 30 is further configured to calculate SoC of the battery cell at the current temperature TT
Specifically, calculating the SoC of the battery at the current temperature TTRespectively as follows:
Figure BDA0001215028980000061
Figure BDA0001215028980000062
according to the conservation law of electric charge and the recoverable unavailable capacity, the SOC of the single battery is not related to the SOC of the single battery, and is only related to the charging and discharging multiplying power and the temperature, so that the charging SOC and the discharging SOC at the corresponding temperature T can be obtained according to the formulas (6) and (7). Further, the formula (6) is a calculation method of the charging SOC at the current temperature T degrees celsius; the formula (7) is a calculation method of the discharge SOC at the current temperature T ℃.
The method and the system 200 for estimating the SOC of the battery fully consider the influence of the temperature on the SOC of the single battery, further consider the influence of the recoverable unavailable capacity of the single battery on the SOC of the single battery when the temperature changes, and further improve the estimation precision of the SOC of the single battery.
The invention is not limited solely to that described in the specification and embodiments, and additional advantages and modifications will readily occur to those skilled in the art, so that the invention is not limited to the specific details, representative apparatus, and illustrative examples shown and described herein, without departing from the spirit and scope of the general concept as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A battery SOC estimation method is applied to an electric vehicle, the electric vehicle comprises a battery pack for providing power for the electric vehicle, and the battery pack comprises a plurality of single batteries; the method is characterized in that: the battery SOC estimation method includes the steps of:
collecting the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries;
looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT
Calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR
Respectively obtaining the charging capacity Q under the temperature T by looking up a table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single batteryCTAnd discharge capacity QDT
Calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure FDA0003258353310000011
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure FDA0003258353310000012
Calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TT
2. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the relative SoC of the single battery is calculatedRThe specific formula of (A) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000013
wherein the SoCRIs the relative SOC of the cell at temperature T; said QRThe capacity of the single battery under the room temperature environment; etaTAnd the charge-discharge efficiency of the battery at the temperature T.
3. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 2, characterized in that: the charging capacity QCTThe difference value between the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of T ℃ and the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of 20 ℃; the charging capacity QCTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000021
the discharge capacity QDTThe difference value between the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of T ℃; the discharge capacity QDTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000022
4. the battery SOC estimation method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the calculation of the recoverable unavailable charge capacity of the unit battery at the temperature T
Figure FDA0003258353310000023
And the recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure FDA0003258353310000024
Respectively as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000025
Figure FDA0003258353310000026
wherein Q isRThe capacity of the single battery under the room temperature environment; qCTThe charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C; qDTThe discharge capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure FDA0003258353310000027
is the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure FDA0003258353310000028
is the recoverable non-discharge capacity of the single battery under the temperature T DEG C.
5. The battery SOC estimation method according to claim 4, characterized in that: calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TTRespectively as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000029
Figure FDA00032583533100000210
6. a battery SOC estimation system using the battery SOC estimation method according to claim 5, which is applied to an electric vehicle including a battery pack for powering the electric vehicle, the battery pack including a plurality of unit batteries; the method is characterized in that: the battery SOC estimation systemComprises an acquisition module, a table look-up module and a calculation module; the acquisition module is used for acquiring the temperature T and the charging and discharging current I of the plurality of single batteries; the table look-up module is used for looking up a table according to the charge-discharge current I and the temperature T of the single battery to obtain the charge-discharge efficiency etaT(ii) a The calculation module is used for calculating the relative SoC of the single batteryR(ii) a The table look-up module is also used for looking up a table according to the charging and discharging current I and the temperature T of the single battery to respectively obtain the charging capacity Q under the temperature TCTAnd discharge capacity QDT(ii) a The calculation module is also used for calculating the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T
Figure FDA0003258353310000031
And recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure FDA0003258353310000032
The calculation module is also used for calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TT
7. The battery SOC estimation system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the relative SoC of the single battery is calculatedRThe specific formula of (A) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000033
wherein the SoCRIs the relative SOC of the cell at temperature T; said QRThe capacity of the single battery under the room temperature environment; etaTAnd the charge-discharge efficiency of the battery at the temperature T.
8. The battery SOC estimation system according to claim 7, characterized in that: the charging capacity QCTThe difference between the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of T DEG C and the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of 20 DEG CA value; the charging capacity QCTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000034
the discharge capacity QDTThe difference value between the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 3.65V at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the capacity of the single battery with the voltage of 2.65V at the temperature of T ℃; the discharge capacity QDTThe calculation formula of (a) is as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000035
9. the battery SOC estimation system according to claim 8, characterized in that: the calculation of the recoverable unavailable charge capacity of the unit battery at the temperature T
Figure FDA0003258353310000041
And the recoverable unusable discharge capacity
Figure FDA0003258353310000042
Respectively as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000043
Figure FDA0003258353310000044
wherein Q isRThe capacity of the battery under the room temperature environment; qCTThe charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C; qDTThe discharge capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure FDA0003258353310000045
is the recoverable unavailable charging capacity of the single battery at the temperature T DEG C;
Figure FDA0003258353310000046
is the recoverable non-discharge capacity of the single battery under the temperature T DEG C.
10. The battery SOC estimation system according to claim 9, characterized in that: calculating the SoC of the single battery at the current temperature TTRespectively as follows:
Figure FDA0003258353310000047
Figure FDA0003258353310000048
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CN110646738A (en) * 2019-10-15 2020-01-03 桑顿新能源科技(长沙)有限公司 Power battery SOC obtaining method and system and related components
CN112684353A (en) * 2019-10-17 2021-04-20 神讯电脑(昆山)有限公司 Method for controlling current transmission state of battery module and calibrating battery capacity

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