CN105938181A - Electric power storage element management apparatus, electric power storage element management method, electric power storage element management program, electric power storage element module and movable body - Google Patents
Electric power storage element management apparatus, electric power storage element management method, electric power storage element management program, electric power storage element module and movable body Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/382—Arrangements for monitoring battery or accumulator variables, e.g. SoC
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
Abstract
The invention provides an electric power storage element management apparatus, an electric power storage element management method, an electric power storage element management program, an electric power storage element module and a movable body. A current integration method in which an SOC of an electric power storage device is estimated by time integration of a current flowing in/from the electric power storage device, and an OCV method in which an SOC is estimated, based on a V-SOC correlation between a voltage and a state of charge of the electric power storage device can be executed. When this V-SOC correlation is sectioned into a plurality of SOC regions, if a first SOC region and a second SOC region are different from each other, a predetermined value of the second SOC region is employed as an SOC estimated value, the first SOC region being the SOC region that the SOC estimated by the current integration method belongs to, and the second SOC region being the SOC region that the SOC estimated by the OCV method belongs to. The predetermined value may be set between a boundary value on a side close to the first SOC region of boundary values sectioning the second SOC region, and an intermediate value of the second SOC region.
Description
Technical field
The charged state obtaining the charge storage elements such as lithium ion battery is related to by the technology of this disclosure
The technology of (SOC:State Of Charge).
Background technology
In the past, in the charge storage elements such as secondary cell that discharge and recharge use is repeated, as estimation
One example of the method for the SOC put at any time, has electric current cumulative method.This is by measuring all the time
The charging and discharging currents of battery measures the amount of power of turnover battery, and adds and subtracts this amount of power from initial capacity
The method determining SOC.Even if the use of the method existence battery also is able to estimate SOC's
Advantage.But, on the other hand, owing to always measuring electric current to add up charge-discharge electric power amount, therefore deposit
Measurement error accumulation at current sensor etc. gradually becomes inaccurate shortcoming.
To this end, develop and use such as based on battery open-circuit voltage (OCV:Open circuit
The OCV method of SOC determining method Voltage).The method is following method: utilize at battery
In non-streaming current time OCV and SOC between there is the spy of the good dependency relation of precision comparison
Property, measure cell voltage i.e. open-circuit voltage during the most non-streaming current, with reference to prestore
The dependency relation of OCV Yu SOC, obtains the SOC corresponding with the OCV determined, to by electricity
The SOC that stream cumulative method estimates is modified.Thereby, it is possible to cut off the accumulation of error, therefore can
The precision that enough SOC based on electric current cumulative method of raising estimate.
But, in recent years, the lithium ion battery employing LiFePO4 as positive active material enjoys
Pay close attention to.In this lithium ion battery, OCV-SOC characteristic understands the most as shown in Figure 1, exists
Although SOC changes but the smooth region (voltage that changes hardly of OCV in wider scope
Flat site).This means also to be difficult to improve even by OCV method in this lithium ion battery
The error that SOC estimates.
That is, in the case of such as there is the lithium ion battery of OCV-SOC characteristic as Fig. 1,
When OCV is expressed as the such as 3.33V degree of voltage flat site, SOC can only be said substantially
It is in any place of 15%～95%.Thus, in this battery, SOC based on OCV repaiies
Just can only be in OCV-SOC characteristic in the voltage ramp region of OCV generation inclination to a certain degree
Carry out, owing to the frequency of the correction of SOC based on OCV tails off, the precision that result SOC is estimated
Raising is limited.
The error that such SOC estimates, especially having in battery for the electric automobile drive source can
The not enough such undesirable state of affairs of electricity can be caused, therefore thirst for eliminating this state of affairs.
Be directed to this, such as in the technology disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-266221 publication,
Detect and make due to charging SOC change to from the place that the lower limit than voltage flat site is low
In the case of in voltage flat site, SOC is reset to the lower limit of voltage flat site.
Patent documentation
Patent documentation 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-266221 publication
The problem that invention is to be solved
But, in the technology of above-mentioned Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2010-266221 publication, at battery discharge
SOC just can be captured from the low place of the lower limit than voltage flat site in the case of certain degree
Changing to the timing in voltage flat site, therefore its frequency must not be high, and precision raising has remained
Limit.
Summary of the invention
In this manual, disclose and precision can obtain the technology of SOC of charge storage element well.
For solving the means of problem
By the charge storage element management method involved by the technology of this disclosure, it is used for determining to represent storage
The value of the charged state of electric device i.e. SOC estimation, has feature at following aspect, it is possible to respectively
Perform to be determined a SOC decision method of the SOC of described charge storage element by mutually different method
And the 2nd SOC determine method, in the V-SOC phase by the voltage of described charge storage element with charged state
When pass relation is divided into multiple SOC region, determining, according to a described SOC, the SOC that method determines
Belonging to SOC region that is first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine
In the case of SOC region belonging to SOC that is second SOC region is mutually different, as described SOC
Estimated value and use set-point, described set-point is set to: close to marking off described 2nd SOC
The value of the boundary value of the side of close described first SOC region among the boundary value in region or should
Value between the intermediate value of boundary value and described second SOC region.
Additionally, by the charge storage element managing device involved by the technology of this disclosure, output represents
The value of the charged state of charge storage element i.e. SOC estimation, has feature, described storage at following aspect
Electric device managing device possesses: information treatment part, and it can perform respectively by mutually different method
Determine that a SOC of the SOC of described charge storage element determines that method and the 2nd SOC determine method,
Described information treatment part is in the V-SOC dependency relation by the voltage of described charge storage element Yu charged state
When being divided into multiple SOC region, determining belonging to the SOC that method determines according to a described SOC
SOC region that is first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine SOC
In the case of affiliated SOC region that is second SOC region is mutually different, estimate as described SOC
Evaluation and use set-point, described set-point is set to: close to marking off described 2nd SOC district
The value of the boundary value of the side of close described first SOC region among the boundary value in territory or this limit
Value between the intermediate value of dividing value and described second SOC region.
It addition, a described SOC to be determined what method flowed in being set to use described charge storage element
The data that electric current carries out measuring and obtains are to determine the method for the SOC of described charge storage element, by described
The data that 2nd SOC decision method is set to use the voltage to described charge storage element to measure and obtains
In the case of determining the method for SOC of described charge storage element, it is possible to effectively utilize and employ electricity
Oneth SOC of the data that stream carries out measuring and obtains determines this advantage of property at any time of method, and can
Obtain to obtain by employing the 2nd SOC decision method of data voltage measured and obtain
The value obtained is capable of precision improves this advantage for reference.
Moreover it is preferred that it is identical with described second SOC region in described first SOC region
In the case of, the SOC determined based on described electric current cumulative method is used as described SOC estimation.
Additionally, it is further preferred that a region among described SOC region is and voltage flat site pair
The region answered, in described voltage flat site, the voltage of described charge storage element is compared with other regions
In described V-SOC dependency relation, the change of the voltage of change relative to SOC is little.
It addition, technology disclosed in this specification can be implemented as charge storage element managing device and electric power storage
Component management method and install charge storage element module, moving body or the program of these devices or method.
Invention effect
According to the technology of this specification, owing to the SOC to be obtained by two kinds of methods is as reference, because of
This can suppress the estimation difference of SOC of charge storage element.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the chart of an example of the OCV-SOC characteristic representing lithium ion battery.
Fig. 2 is the example of the OCV-SOC characteristic representing the lithium ion battery involved by present embodiment
Chart.
Fig. 3 is the block diagram of the composition of the battery module representing an embodiment.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the flow process representing SOC decision process.
Symbol description
10: load, 30: secondary cell (charge storage element), 40: current sensor, 50: electric power storage
Pool manager (charge storage element managing device), 60: control portion, 61: information treatment part, 70: electricity
Pressure measurement unit.
Detailed description of the invention
(summary of present embodiment)
First, charge storage element management method and the summary of device thereof of present embodiment are described.This technology
Estimate for the i.e. SOC of value of the charged state of the charge storage elements such as decision table example such as lithium ion battery
Value, possesses: current sensor, the electric current of flowing in its detection charge storage element；And voltage sensor,
Its detection charge storage element in non-streaming current time or flowing Weak current time voltage.Charge storage element quilt
It is equipped on the moving bodys such as such as vehicle, electric car, boats and ships, airborne vehicle.
On the other hand, in various charge storage elements, there is such as electric power storage unit as lithium ion battery etc.
Part, i.e. there is between its voltage (V) to charged state (SOC) higher relevant of repeatability
Relation.To this end, for this charge storage element, in advance this dependency relation is closed as V-SOC is relevant
System carries out tabular and stores to memorizer.Further, such as it is provided with there is CPU and storing
The information treatment part of the memorizer of required operation program, this information treatment part is able to carry out: electric current tires out
Meter method, the time cumulation of the electric current by being detected by current sensor obtain charge-discharge electric power amount from
And determine the SOC of charge storage element；With OCV method, according to the testing result of voltage sensor and based on
Described V-SOC dependency relation determines SOC.
Further, according to each SOC determined by each method, which kind of relation there is and determine that SOC estimates
Evaluation.In the case, in advance described V-SOC dependency relation is divided into multiple SOC region,
Judge which SOC region each SOC determined by electric current cumulative method and OCV method belongs to,
It is identical or different and determine SOC estimation as follows according to these SOC region.
(1) i.e., in the SOC region belonging to the SOC determined according to electric current cumulative method (it is set to "
One SOC region ") and according to OCV method determine SOC belonging to SOC region (it is set to
" the second SOC region ") identical in the case of, use as SOC estimation based on electric current tire out
The SOC that meter method determines.(2) additionally, in described first SOC region and described 2nd SOC district
In the case of territory becomes mutually different region so that use described second as SOC estimation
Set-point among SOC region (region based on belonging to the SOC that OCV method gets), should
Set-point is set at close described first among the boundary value marking off described second SOC region
Between boundary value and the intermediate value of described second SOC region of the side of SOC region.
Such as, as the SOC that charge storage element is desirable, it is set in the region little from SOC to SOC
In big region, first have bigger than set-point relative to the change of the voltage (V) of SOC change
SOC region 1, then has the change of the voltage (V) relative to SOC change than described set-point
Little SOC region 2 (voltage flat site), then has the voltage (V) relative to SOC change
The change SOC region 3 bigger than set-point in the case of, the SOC determined according to electric current cumulative method
(calling it as SOC (I) below) and the SOC determined according to OCV method (call it as below
SOC (V)) in the mode belonging to each region, as shown in Table 1 below like that existing way 1～
These 9 kinds of modes of mode 9.
In these each modes, according to above-mentioned (1), the condition of (2), the SOC used estimates
Value is as described in " SOC estimation used " hurdle of the right-hand member of table 1.Wherein, " SOC
(I) SOC determined based on electric current cumulative method " is represented.
" half value on region 1 " refers among the SOC belonging to SOC region 1 from this region
Between the side, region 2 belonging to SOC (intermediate value) to SOC (I) boundary value i.e. higher limit between
Set-point.
" 2 times, region half value " refers among the SOC belonging to SOC region 2 from this region
The boundary value i.e. lower limit of the middle side, region 1 belonging to SOC (intermediate value) to SOC (I) it
Between set-point.
" half value on region 2 " refers among the SOC belonging to SOC region 2 from this region
The boundary value i.e. lower limit of the middle side, region 3 belonging to SOC (intermediate value) to SOC (I) it
Between set-point.
Further, " 3 times, region half value " refers among the SOC belonging to SOC region 3 from this district
The boundary value i.e. lower limit of the side, region 2 belonging to SOC (intermediate value) to SOC (I) of the centre in territory
Set-point between value.
[table 1]
| SOC region 1 | SOC region 2 | SOC region 3 | The SOC estimation used | |
| Mode 1 | SOC(V)&SOC(I) | SOC(1) | ||
| Mode 2 | SOC(V) | SOC(I) | Half value on region 1 | |
| Mode 3 | SOC(V) | SOC(I) | Half value on region 1 | |
| Mode 4 | SOC(I) | SOC(V) | 2 times, region half value | |
| Mode 5 | SOC(V)&SOC(I) | SOC(I) | ||
| Mode 6 | SOC(V) | SOC(I) | Half value on region 2 | |
| Mode 7 | SOC(I) | SOC(V) | 3 times, region half value | |
| Mode 8 | SOC(I) | SOC(V) | 3 times, region half value | |
| Mode 9 | SOC(V)&SOC(I) | SOC(I) |
According to the determining method of above-mentioned SOC estimation, advantage as following can be obtained.
As mode 1,5,9, belonging to the SOC (I) obtained by electric current cumulative method
Region (the first SOC region) and the region (belonging to SOC (V) obtained by OCV method
Two SOC region) identical in the case of, owing to the value of SOC (I) can be credible, therefore will
SOC (I) uses directly as SOC estimation, does not carry out the correction of SOC based on OCV.
As mode 2,3, in the region (the second SOC region) belonging to SOC (V) it is
SOC region 1 but region (the first SOC region) belonging to SOC (I) are and SOC region 1
In the case of different regions (SOC region 2 or region 3), at meter based on electric current cumulative method
The probability that have accumulated error in calculation is high.To this end, in the case, using from as the 2nd SOC district
The SOC (intermediate value) of the centre of the SOC region 1 in territory is to as first belonging to SOC (I)
Set-point (region 1 between the region 2 of SOC region or the boundary value i.e. higher limit of side, region 3
Upper half value), carry out the correction of SOC based on OCV, thus realize the elimination of cumulative error.
The reason so revised is, owing to representing there is SOC in SOC region 1 according to OCV method,
Represent it is the SOC bigger than it, if it is taken as that set by SOC estimation according to electric current cumulative method
For the upper half value of SOC region 1 then closest to real value.As half value on the I of region, preferably
Higher limit or close to its value.
On the other hand, as mode 4, in (the 2nd SOC district, region belonging to SOC (V)
Territory) it is SOC region 2 but region (the first SOC region) belonging to SOC (I) is SOC district
In the case of territory 1, the probability that have accumulated error in calculating based on electric current cumulative method is the highest.For
This, in the case, using belong to the SOC region 2 as the second SOC region SOC it
In from SOC region 2 side belonging to the SOC (intermediate value) to SOC (I) of the centre in this region
Boundary value i.e. lower limit between set-point (2 times, region half value), carry out based on OCV
The correction of SOC such that it is able to realize the elimination of cumulative error.
On the contrary, as mode 6, in the second SOC region (SOC district belonging to SOC (V)
Territory) it is SOC region 2 but the first SOC region (SOC region belonging to SOC (I)) is SOC
In the case of region 3, the probability that have accumulated error in calculating based on electric current cumulative method is the highest.
To this end, in the case, with belong among the SOC of the second SOC region (SOC region 2) from
The SOC (intermediate value) of the centre in this region to the first SOC region (SOC belonging to SOC (I)
Region 3) side boundary value i.e. higher limit between set-point (half value on region 2), carry out base
In the correction of the SOC of OCV, thus realize the elimination of cumulative error.
Further, as mode 7,8, it is SOC in the second SOC region belonging to SOC (V)
Region 3 but the first SOC region belonging to SOC (I) is SOC region 1 or the feelings in region 2
Under condition, the probability that have accumulated error in calculating based on electric current cumulative method is the highest.To this end, at this
In the case of, to belong among the SOC of the SOC region 3 of the second SOC region from this region
The SOC (intermediate value) of centre to as SOC region 1 or 2 side of the first SOC region
Boundary value i.e. lower limit between set-point (3 times, region half value), carry out based on OCV
The correction of SOC, thus realize the elimination of cumulative error.The reason so revised is, due to root
Represent in SOC region 3, there is SOC according to OCV method, represent according to electric current cumulative method and be
Smaller SOC, if it is taken as that being set to the lower half value of SOC region 3 by SOC estimation
Then closest to real value.As 3 times, region half value, preferred lower limit value or the value close to it.
Thereby, it is possible to adding up while the decision of formula SOC processes and determine SOC based on electric current, logical
Cross the SOC region belonging to SOC (I) and SOC (V) different in the case of reset process and high
This value is revised on frequency ground, therefore can obtain following advantage: even if also being able in the use of charge storage element
Decision SOC, and the shortcoming i.e. accumulation of error of electric current cumulative method can be prevented, so that SOC
The precision of estimated value uprises.It addition, have steadily to obtain accurately according to electric current cumulative method
The SOC of the battery in region, needs while the electric current measuring means that use measurement precision is good,
Carry out electric current at high speed to add up to process and make not have the omission of current value, but to realize these
Aspect then cost can uprise.Additionally, in order to the SOC of the battery with plateau region estimate high-precision
Degreeization, it is proposed that carry out dV/dQ computing to the method catching the flex point in OCV-SOC characteristic,
But in the case of the method is installed, need calculation process and the Large Copacity of height to catch flex point
Memorizer, for realizing these aspects and cost also can uprise, in addition it is contemplated that checking operation needs
The substantial amounts of time.Relative to these schemes, the error that the present invention be directed to comprise electric current measuring means
SOC determines whether the method entering into SOC scope, therefore single without the measurement of high-precision electric current
Unit, processing also comparison dV/dQ in addition, to carry out the method for computing simple.
Charge storage element managing device involved by technology disclosed in this specification be suitable for
The feelings that the charge storage element of the characteristic in V-SOC dependency relation with voltage flat site is managed
Condition, therefore can illustrate the lithium ion of the positive active material employing iron phosphate system as management object
Battery.Especially, lithium ion battery to the type that there is multiple voltage flat site it is best suited for
Charged state carries out situation about estimating.There is multiple voltage flat site to mean between these regions
There is voltage ramp region, it is possible to utilize the difference of the result of electric current cumulative method and OCV method to carry out high frequency
Degree ground carries out reset process, and the precision of SOC estimation uprises.
(details of embodiment)
Hereinafter, explain with reference to Fig. 2 to Fig. 4 technology disclosed in this specification is applied to
The embodiment of the battery module that the electric vehicles such as EV, HEV, PHEV drive.
As it is shown on figure 3, the battery module of present embodiment has: the multiple secondaries electricity being connected in series
Pond 30, the battery management device (hereinafter referred to as BM) 50 that these secondary cells 30 are managed,
And to the current sensor 40 that detects of electric current of flowing in secondary cell 30.BM50 is " to store
Electric device managing device " example.
Secondary cell 30 is an example of " charge storage element ", not shown charger be charged,
To inverter (being illustrated as loading 10) the supply direct current that the motor etc. of vehicle traction is driven
Electric power.This secondary cell 30 be the use of such as graphite based material negative electrode active material and
The lithium ion battery of the positive active material of the iron phosphate systems such as LiFePO4, such as its open-circuit voltage
(OCV) and there is the dependency relation shown in Fig. 2 (referred to herein as between charged state (SOC)
" V-SOC dependency relation ").In this V-SOC dependency relation, by the charging of secondary cell 30
State demarcation is that region, following 5 considers.
In 3 regions I, III, V among these regions, the battery corresponding with its SOC
OCV curve has the inclination risen to the right to a certain degree, i.e. relative to charged state (SOC)
Change and the change of voltage (OCV) is bigger, more than set-point.To this end, by these districts
Territory is referred to as " voltage ramp region " I, III, V.
In contrast, the region (region II, IV) beyond above-mentioned voltage ramp region I, III, V
In, the inclination of the OCV curve of the battery corresponding with its SOC is minimum, i.e. relative to charging shape
The change of state (SOC) and voltage (OCV) be changed to below described set-point.To this end, will
These regions are referred to as " voltage flat site " II, IV.
BM50 possesses control portion 60, voltage measurement unit 70 and electric current measurement unit 80.Control portion 60
Comprise the central processor (hereinafter referred to as CPU) 61 as information treatment part and memorizer 63.
In memorizer 63, storage has the various programs of action for controlling BM50, CPU61 according to from
The program that memorizer 63 reads performs " electric current adds up the decision of formula SOC and processes " described later, " voltage
With reference to the decision of formula SOC process ", " the first reset process ", " the second reset process " and the " the 3rd
Reset process " etc. the SOC decision process that constituted.Additionally, storage has above-mentioned in memorizer 63
Data needed for the execution of SOC decision process, the V-SOC of the tabular of such as secondary cell 30
Dependency relation, the higher limit of charged state of each region I～V and lower limit, as secondary cell
The charged state etc. of the initial value of 30.
Voltage measurement unit 70 via voltage detection line respectively two ends with secondary cell 30 be connected, send out
Wave and measure the function of voltage V [V] of each secondary cell 30 every given period.Electric current measurement unit
80 have the merit measured the electric current of flowing in secondary cell 30 via current sensor 40
Energy.
So SOC referring next to the SOC determining secondary cell 30 clear and decided for Fig. 4 determined
Journey.SOC decision process is such as received by BM50 hold from vehicle-mounted ECU (omitting diagram)
Row instructs and starts, and upon start, according to the instruction in control portion 60, repeatedly holds with specified period T
Series of steps shown in row Fig. 4.
If SOC decision process starts, first perform by voltameter according to the instruction in control portion 60
Survey portion 70 measures the process (S1) of the voltage of each secondary cell 30.Then, control portion 60 is to electricity
Stream measurement unit 70 gives instruction, performs to be measured flowing in secondary cell 30 by current sensor 40
The process (S2) of electric current.The magnitude of voltage measured by S1 and the current value measured by S2 are transformed
For storing after digital value to memorizer 63.
Then, process and be transferred to S3, control portion 60 (1) formula described as follows, (2) formula shown that
Sample, is multiplied by specified period T on the current value I measured by S2 and carrys out calculating current aggregate-value ZI.
Additionally, according to the flow direction of electric current by the electric current aggregate-value ZI calculated and at this moment between the residue of point
Capacity W3 is added or subtracts each other, and thus calculates new residual capacity W3 of secondary cell 30.
That is, whenever carrying out a SOC decision process, just residual capacity (previous value) W3 is added powered down
Stream aggregate-value ZI, thus updates the value of residual capacity W3.
ZI=I × T (1)
W3=W3+ZI (2)
Then, it is transferred to S4, it is judged that whether flow in this time point secondary cell 30 electric current,
But here in secondary cell 30 is in charging or discharges in the case of streaming current, due to
Become current value and exceed the state of determinating reference value, be therefore judged as no in S4.Then, exist
S4 is judged as no in the case of, process be transferred to S5.In S5, by electric current cumulative method,
Performed to estimate the process of the SOC of secondary cell 30 by control portion 60.Specifically, described as follows
(3) shown in formula, by residual capacity W3 calculated in S3 divided by filling of storing in memorizer 63
Full capacitance W4, thus obtains the value of SOC.
SOC=W3/W4 ... (3)
Through the process of such S1, S2, S3, S5, be equivalent to be come by the time cumulation of electric current
Obtain charge-discharge electric power amount thus determine the process of the charged state of secondary cell 30.After, will tool
The SOC having the specific value determined by this S5 is labeled as SOC (i).
Further, along with the process of S5 completes, the process in a cycle terminates.Then, with specified period
T performs SOC decision process repeatedly.Discharging or charging lasting period at secondary cell 30
In, the process of S1～S5 is repeatedly performed with specified period T, the magnitude of voltage V of secondary cell 30,
Current value I, the value of residual capacity W3 are the most all updated (S1～S3), and SOC also utilizes electric current
Cumulative method and be all calculated (S5) every time.
Further, if owing to charging complete or the electric discharge of secondary cell 30 terminate and make secondary cell
In 30, the electric current I of flowing is less than set-point the value of zero (electric current substantially regard as), then be judged in S4
It is set to and is, process and be transferred to S6.In S6, perform to calculate and become not have from secondary cell 30
The process in the elapsed time that electric current has flowed.
Then, process and be transferred to S7, control portion 60 perform to determine whether to have passed through stabilization time (pre-
The preset time first set) process.Stabilization time is for waiting that the OCV of secondary cell 30 (opens
Road voltage) stable time, if the elapsed time measured by S7 become stabilization time, then at S7
In be determined to be, process be transferred to S8.
In S8, control portion 60 perform to determine the SOC of secondary cell 30 based on OCV method
Process.Specifically, it is first carried out being measured the OCV of secondary cell 30 by voltage measurement unit 70
The process of (open-circuit voltage of the state of non-streaming current).Then, based on the OCV measured,
Correlation properties with reference to the V-OCV shown in Fig. 2 determine SOC.This S8 is equivalent to according to voltage
The testing result of sensor also determines the process of charged state based on V-SOC dependency relation.After,
The SOC with the specific value determined by this S8 is labeled as SOC (v).
Then, process is transferred to S9, it is judged which among I～V of region be the value of SOC (v) belong to
Individual region.Here, be judged as that this SOC (v) belongs to appointing of voltage ramp region I, III, V
In the case of meaning one, being transferred to S10, execution will add up formula SOC by aforesaid electric current and determine
The SOC (i) processed and get is replaced into by the voltage of S8 with reference to formula SOC decision process
First reset process of the SOC (v) determined.Its reason is, voltage ramp region I,
In III, V, the dependency relation good owing to having precision between OCV and SOC, therefore, it is possible to
The SOC (i) got adding up formula SOC decision process by the electric current of S5 is modified to precision
Higher value, the precision in SOC decision process uprises.
On the other hand, in S9, it is judged as SOC region (the 2nd SOC belonging to SOC (v)
Region) be voltage flat site II, IV in the case of, then judge this region whether with SOC (i)
Affiliated SOC region (the first SOC region) is consistent (S11).If here, two SOC
Region consistent, if i.e. SOC (i) is present in the lower limit of voltage flat site II or IV
And between higher limit, the most do not carry out correction based on V-SOC dependency relation, directly return.Therefore,
For SOC, continue with the electric current by S5 and add up the decision of formula SOC and process and the SOC that gets
(i).Its reason is, in these voltage flat site II, IV, closes owing to V-SOC is relevant
Flatness in system, the probability therefore comprising bigger error in SOC (v) is high, if as existing
There is technology to be modified based on V-SOC dependency relation like that, instead error can be made to become big without exception.
Additionally, in S11, although be judged as according to SOC (v) being in voltage flat site II,
IV, but be more than the higher limit of two voltages flat site II, IV in the value being judged as SOC (i)
In the case of, it is transferred to S12, the value of SOC (i) is replaced into the higher limit (second in these regions
Reset process).
Such as, if SOC (v) represents is in region II, then if closing based on V-SOC is relevant
The SOC of system's then script should be in any one place of 30%～66%, but which value cannot determine is
(if being determined, then error likely becomes big).But, if SOC (i) is region II's
Upper limit SOC that is more than 66%, then SOC originally is that the probability near 66% is high.To this end,
SOC is modified to the higher limit 66% of this region II.If be in additionally, SOC (v) represents
Region IV and upper limit SOC that is more than 95% that SOC (i) is region IV, then SOC originally
It is that the probability near 95% is high.To this end, SOC to be modified to the higher limit 95% of this region IV.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce error contained in SOC (i).
Otherwise, in S11, although be judged as according to SOC (v) being in voltage flat site II,
IV, but be less than the lower limit of two voltages flat site II, IV in the value being judged as SOC (i)
In the case of, it is transferred to S13, the value of SOC (i) is replaced into the lower limit the (the 3rd in these regions
Reset process).
Such as, if SOC (v) represents is in region II, then if closing based on V-SOC is relevant
The SOC of system's then script should be in any one place of 30%～66%, but which value cannot determine is
(if being determined, then error likely becomes big).But, if SOC (i) is region II's
Lower limit SOC that is less than 30%, then SOC originally is that the probability near 30% is high.To this end,
SOC is modified to the lower limit 30% of this region II.If be in additionally, SOC (v) represents
Region IV, then if based on V-SOC dependency relation, SOC originally should be in 68%～95%
Any one place, but cannot determine is which value (if a determination be made that, then error still can become big).
But, if the lower limit SOC that is less than 68% that SOC (i) is region IV, then SOC originally
It is that the probability near 68% is high.To this end, SOC to be modified to the lower limit 68% of this region IV.
Thereby, it is possible to reduce error contained in SOC (i).
<other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to by the embodiment illustrated by foregoing description and accompanying drawing, the most such as
Lower such embodiment is also contained in the technical scope of the present invention.
(1) in the above-described embodiment, as an example of charge storage element, exemplified with employing phosphoric acid
The lithium rechargeable battery of the positive active material of ferrum system, but it is not limited to this.It can also be lithium ion
Secondary cell beyond secondary cell, capacitor etc. with electrochemical phenomena, be suitable at V-SOC
Having the situation of voltage flat site in dependency relation, this voltage flat site is not limited to exist at two
Situation, can be the type the most only with a kind of voltage flat site electric power storage unit
Part, it is also possible to be the charge storage element of the type of the voltage flat site with more than three kinds.
(2) in the above-described embodiment, CPU61 is illustrated as an example in control portion 60.
Control portion 60 can also be to possess the composition of multiple CPU, possess ASIC (Application Specific
Integrated Circuit；Special IC), MPU, microcomputer, programmable PLD,
The composition of the hardware circuits such as FPGA, possesses the composition of hardware circuit and CPU both sides.For Zong
It, as long as control portion utilizes software processes or/and hardware circuit to perform above-mentioned SOC certainly
Determine the part of process.Additionally, utilizing software when implementing the present invention, it is possible to by this software
(computer program) record is distributed to the storage mediums such as semiconductor memory, or via
Wired or wireless communication line and preserve the storage device to computer.
(3) in the above-described embodiment, in S9, judge that the charged state of secondary cell 30 is in
When which type of region in V-SOC dependency relation, the OCV according to determining obtains SOC,
Carry out the judgement which region it is again, but at OCV and SOC, there is unique corresponding relation
In the case of, it is also possible to region is directly judged according to OCV.
(4) it addition, the data obtained as using the voltage to charge storage element to measure are come certainly
The method determining the SOC of charge storage element, however it is not limited to the OCV method illustrated in above-mentioned embodiment,
Can use and estimate the method for OCV, Kalman's method according to discharge and recharge I, V and R.Wherein,
The former refers to, internal resistance R based on battery, the terminal voltage V and charging and discharging currents I of battery,
And the method that relation of based on OCV=V-RI calculates OCV.Additionally, Kalman's method refers to, example
As disclosed in Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication 2004-514249 publication, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2012-47580 publication etc.
As, create the equivalent-circuit model of battery, utilize Kalman filter to estimate model successively
Circuit parameter, and calculate OCV and then the method calculating SOC according to the circuit parameter estimated.
(5) additionally, the electric current of flowing in charge storage element is measured and the number that obtains as using
According to the method for the SOC determining charge storage element, it is not limited to measure in charge storage element with some cycles flow
The electric current moved the IT obtained the current value I determined is multiplied by cycle T are relative to initially
Capacity X (Ah) carries out adding and subtracting the so-called electric current cumulative method obtaining SOC, it is possible at certain electricity
Flow valuve can regard as constant in the case of use time cumulation method.Time cumulation method described herein, be
Refer to that the current value flowed in measurement charge storage element rests on can regard as in constant given scope
Time T, and this will be regarded as that constant electric current I is multiplied by time T and the value that obtains is held relative to initial
Amount X (Ah) carries out adding and subtracting the method obtaining SOC.
(6) in the above-described embodiment, identical with the second SOC region in the first SOC region,
I.e. according to electric current cumulative method determine SOC belonging to region and according to OCV method determine SOC institute
Belong to region identical in the case of, have employed as SOC estimation based on electric current cumulative method determine
The SOC gone out self, but it is not limited to this, in the case of above-mentioned two region is identical, it is also possible to
The SOC determined based on electric current cumulative method is such as repaiied according to the SOC that determined by OCV method etc.
Value after just is set to SOC estimation.Method is determined according to each SOC of first and second additionally, use
Which value among the SOC estimated, it is also possible to come certainly according to temperature, the current value of charge storage element
Fixed.
(7) it addition, in using charge storage element the electric current of flowing measure and the data that obtain
In the case of estimating the SOC of charge storage element, when SOC is less than the lower limit of the SOC scope of imagination
Time, it is believed that SOC estimation there occurs deviation on course of discharge.To this end, in the case, make
Galvanometer measured value offsets to charged side such that it is able to improve the precision that SOC estimates.Otherwise, at SOC
Estimated value exceeded the upper limit of SOC scope in the case of, make galvanometer measured value offset to discharge side,
It is thus possible to improve the precision that SOC estimates.Additionally, make galvanometer measured value carry out at even now
Skew but the offset manner of SOC scope indeclinable in the case of, it is also possible to be judged as that electric current measurement is single
Unit occurs abnormal.
(8) in the above-described embodiment, to mobile body-mounted examples having charge storage element such as electric vehicles
Son is illustrated, but charge storage element is not limited to the parts that moving body is carried, it is also possible to be to stand
Electrical storage device provisioned in type equipment.As static equipment, it is possible to illustrate factory, family, office
Uninterrupted power supply(ups) that place is arranged, promptly with supply unit or in order to power supply is decentralized, electric
Power load balance and the electrical storage device etc. that is connected with power transmission system.
Claims (13)
1. a charge storage element management method, for determining to represent the value of the charged state of charge storage element
I.e. SOC estimation, it is characterised in that
Can perform respectively to be determined the of the SOC of described charge storage element by mutually different method
One SOC determines that method and the 2nd SOC determine method,
The V-SOC dependency relation of the voltage of described charge storage element with charged state is being divided into multiple
During SOC region, determining the SOC region belonging to the SOC that method determines according to a described SOC
I.e. first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine SOC belonging to SOC
In the case of region that is second SOC region is mutually different, use as described SOC estimation to
Definite value,
Described set-point is set to: close to marking off among the boundary value of described second SOC region
The value of boundary value of side of close described first SOC region or this boundary value and described second
Value between the intermediate value of SOC region.
Charge storage element management method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that
A described SOC determines that method is to use to measure the electric current of flowing in described charge storage element
And the data obtained are to the method determining the SOC of described charge storage element, described 2nd SOC determines method
It is to use the data voltage of described charge storage element measured and obtain to determine described electric power storage unit
The method of the SOC of part.
Charge storage element management method the most according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that
In the case of described first SOC region is identical with described second SOC region, as described
SOC estimation and use and determine the SOC that determines of method based on a described SOC.
Charge storage element management method the most according to any one of claim 1 to 3, its feature
It is,
A region among described SOC region is the region corresponding with voltage flat site, in institute
Stating in voltage flat site, the voltage of described charge storage element is described V-SOC phase compared with other regions
In the relation of pass, the change of the voltage of change relative to SOC is little.
5. a charge storage element managing device, output represents the value of the charged state of charge storage element i.e.
SOC estimation, it is characterised in that
Described charge storage element managing device possesses: information treatment part, and it can perform respectively by mutually
Different methods determines that a SOC of the SOC of described charge storage element determines method and the 2nd SOC
Decision method,
Described information treatment part is by relevant to the voltage of described charge storage element and the V-SOC of charged state
When relation is divided into multiple SOC region, determining, according to a described SOC, the SOC that method determines
Belonging to SOC region that is first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine
In the case of SOC region belonging to SOC that is second SOC region is mutually different, as described SOC
Estimated value and use set-point,
Described set-point is set to: close to marking off among the boundary value of described second SOC region
The value of boundary value of side of close described first SOC region or this boundary value and described second
Value between the intermediate value of SOC region.
Charge storage element managing device the most according to claim 5, it is characterised in that
A described SOC determines that method is to use to measure the electric current of flowing in described charge storage element
And the data obtained are to the method determining the SOC of described charge storage element, described 2nd SOC determines method
It is to use the data voltage of described charge storage element measured and obtain to determine described electric power storage unit
The method of the SOC of part.
7. according to the charge storage element managing device described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterised in that
In the case of described first SOC region is identical with described second SOC region, as described
SOC estimation and use and determine the SOC that determines of method based on a described SOC.
8. according to the charge storage element managing device according to any one of claim 5 to 7, its feature
It is,
A region among described SOC region is voltage flat site, in described voltage flat region
In territory, the voltage of described charge storage element is relative in described V-SOC dependency relation compared with other regions
Little in the change of the voltage of the change of SOC.
Charge storage element managing device the most according to claim 8, it is characterised in that
Described V-SOC dependency relation comprises the information relevant to multiple described voltage flat sites.
10. according to the charge storage element managing device according to any one of claim 4 to 9, its feature
It is,
Charge storage element is the lithium ion battery of the positive active material comprising iron phosphate system.
11. 1 kinds of charge storage element modules, it is characterised in that possess:
Charge storage element；With
Information treatment part, it can perform to determine described electric power storage unit by mutually different method respectively
Oneth SOC of the SOC of part determines that method and the 2nd SOC determine method,
Described information treatment part is by relevant to the voltage of described charge storage element and the V-SOC of charged state
When relation is divided into multiple SOC region, determining, according to a described SOC, the SOC that method determines
Belonging to SOC region that is first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine
In the case of SOC region belonging to SOC that is second SOC region is mutually different, as described SOC
Estimated value and use set-point,
Described set-point is set to: close to marking off among the boundary value of described second SOC region
The value of boundary value of side of close described first SOC region or this boundary value and described second
Value between the intermediate value of SOC region.
12. 1 kinds of charge storage element management programs, for making the computer of control charge storage element determine to represent
The value of the charged state of described charge storage element i.e. SOC estimation, it is characterised in that
Can perform respectively to be determined the of the SOC of described charge storage element by mutually different method
One SOC determines that method and the 2nd SOC determine method,
The V-SOC dependency relation of the voltage of described charge storage element with charged state is being divided into multiple
During SOC region, determining the SOC region belonging to the SOC that method determines according to a described SOC
I.e. first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine SOC belonging to SOC
In the case of region that is second SOC region is mutually different, perform to adopt as described SOC estimation
With the process of set-point,
Described set-point is set to: close to marking off among the boundary value of described second SOC region
The value of boundary value of side of close described first SOC region or this boundary value and described second
Value between the intermediate value of SOC region.
13. 1 kinds of moving bodys, possess:
Charge storage element；With
Charge storage element managing device, its output represents the value i.e. SOC of the charged state of this charge storage element
Estimated value,
Described moving body is characterised by,
Described charge storage element managing device possesses: information treatment part, and it can perform respectively by mutually
Different methods determines that a SOC of the SOC of described charge storage element determines method and the 2nd SOC
Decision method,
Described information treatment part is by relevant to the voltage of described charge storage element and the V-SOC of charged state
When relation is divided into multiple SOC region, determining, according to a described SOC, the SOC that method determines
Belonging to SOC region that is first SOC region and according to described 2nd SOC determine method determine
In the case of SOC region belonging to SOC that is second SOC region is mutually different, as described SOC
Estimated value and use set-point,
Described set-point is set to: close to marking off among the boundary value of described second SOC region
The value of boundary value of side of close described first SOC region or this boundary value and described second
Value between the intermediate value of SOC region.
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| JP2015043456 | 2015-03-05 | ||
| JP2015-043456 | 2015-03-05 | ||
| JP2016018035A JP6634854B2 (en) | 2015-03-05 | 2016-02-02 | Storage element management device, storage element management method, storage element module, storage element management program, and moving object |
| JP2016-018035 | 2016-02-02 |
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| CN105938181A true CN105938181A (en) | 2016-09-14 |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (2) | JP6634854B2 (en) |
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| CN111284480A (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2020-06-16 | 浙江吉利新能源商用车集团有限公司 | SOC correction method and correction equipment for vehicle power battery |
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| KR102066702B1 (en) * | 2017-01-02 | 2020-03-02 | 주식회사 엘지화학 | Battery management apparatus and soc calibrating method using the same |
| KR101934858B1 (en) | 2017-04-18 | 2019-01-03 | 세방전지(주) | A system for calculating the state of charge of a lfp battery for car and method thereof |
| WO2018230519A1 (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2018-12-20 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | Power storage element, method for manufacturing power storage element, and power storage device provided with method for manufacturing power storage element and power storage element |
| WO2019120570A1 (en) * | 2017-12-22 | 2019-06-27 | Volvo Truck Corporation | A method of controlling a state of charge operation range of a vehicle electrical system |
| JP7159590B2 (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2022-10-25 | 株式会社Ｇｓユアサ | Charging control device, power storage device, charging control method for power storage element, and computer program |
| JP7078254B2 (en) * | 2018-05-25 | 2022-05-31 | 株式会社三英社製作所 | Information processing equipment that can independently control three or more storage batteries, methods using information processing equipment, programs, and power storage systems. |
| JP7091999B2 (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2022-06-28 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Battery control device |
| CN112339613B (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2022-03-22 | 格力博(江苏)股份有限公司 | Battery pack management device and management method and electric vehicle |
| JPWO2022202318A1 (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-09-29 | ||
| CN114282377B (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2023-06-06 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Prediction method of short-term charging load of electric automobile considering meteorological factors |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN105938181B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
| AU2016201173A1 (en) | 2016-09-22 |
| JP6634854B2 (en) | 2020-01-22 |
| JP2020060581A (en) | 2020-04-16 |
| JP2016166864A (en) | 2016-09-15 |
| JP6844683B2 (en) | 2021-03-17 |
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