CN106852320A - 一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106852320A
CN106852320A CN201611222907.8A CN201611222907A CN106852320A CN 106852320 A CN106852320 A CN 106852320A CN 201611222907 A CN201611222907 A CN 201611222907A CN 106852320 A CN106852320 A CN 106852320A
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胡波
钟勇财
谢玉国
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JIANGXI YIXINTANG MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明属于卫生除虫技术领域，具体涉及一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法。本发明提供了一种杀虫气雾剂，包括以下组分及其重量百分比：杀虫剂0.5‑1.0％、香茅油0.5‑1.0％、茶皂素1‑2％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.5‑1％、抛射剂30‑40％、甘草次酸1‑5％、乙醇20‑30％和水20‑46.5％。本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂毒副作用小，不仅能有效防治蚊蝇及蟑螂，还能驱杀尘螨，适用于家庭、饭店等场所。同时，本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂能够抑菌、镇咳，有效缓解对呼吸道的刺激，适合敏感人群。

Description

一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明属于卫生除虫技术领域，具体涉及一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法。
背景技术
现有的杀虫气雾剂，一般是以煤油为溶剂的油基杀虫气雾剂，其喷洒后在室内会留下难闻的煤油气味，而且喷出的雾滴易在物体表面留下油性痕迹而污染环境，因此，油基杀虫气雾剂不利于环保，且功效单一，主要是抑杀蚊、蝇、蟑螂等，对尘螨的作用不明显。同时，杀虫气雾剂易刺激敏感人群的呼吸道，从而引起咳嗽。
中国专利CN101554175B公开了一种水基杀虫气雾剂，包括杀虫剂、溶剂、乳化剂和抛射剂，其中，杀虫剂为胺菊酯、右旋苯醚氰菊酯和富右旋反式炔丙菊酯，溶剂为正构烷烃和去离子水，乳化剂为失水山梨醇单油酸酯和聚氧乙烯失水山梨醇单油酸酯，抛射剂为二甲醚。该发明水基杀虫气雾剂环保，且对蚊虫、蟑螂有较好的抑杀作用，但其对尘螨的抑杀效果不明显。
中国专利CN1265709C公开了一种灭螨害虫杀虫剂，主要有效成分包括胺菊酯、哒螨灵、氯菊酯，其中胺菊酯的含量为0.25-0.5％、哒螨灵0.1-0.5％、氯菊酯0.25-1.2％，该发明对尘螨、蚊、蝇、蜚蠊、跳蚤、蚂蚁、黑皮蠹等害虫均具有广谱驱杀作用，但其易刺激敏感人群的呼吸道，引起咳嗽。
发明内容
为了解决现有技术中存在的问题，本发明的目的在于提供一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法。本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂毒副作用小，不仅能有效防治蚊蝇及蟑螂，还能驱杀尘螨，适用于家庭、饭店等场所。同时，本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂能够抑菌、镇咳，有效缓解对呼吸道的刺激，适合敏感人群。
本发明提供了一种杀虫气雾剂，包括以下组分及其重量百分比：
杀虫剂0.5-1.0％、香茅油0.5-1.0％、茶皂素1-2％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.5-1％、抛射剂30-40％、甘草次酸1-5％、乙醇20-30％和水20-46.5％。香茅油CAS NO：106-22-9，茶皂素购于湖南郎林生物制品有限公司，聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯购于温州清明化工有限公司。
本发明配伍合理科学，各组分相互作用，协同起杀虫的作用。同时，甘草次酸在茶皂素与香茅油的作用下，与各组分作用，协同起到缓解呼吸道的刺激性，达到镇咳的效果。
进一步地，所述的杀虫气雾剂由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
杀虫剂0.75％、香茅油0.75％、茶皂素1.5％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.75％、抛射剂35％、甘草次酸3％、乙醇25％和水33.25％。
进一步地，所述杀虫剂由胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛和哒螨灵按重量比2:2:5:1组成。
进一步地，所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
本发明采用乙醇和水作为溶剂，在茶皂素与香茅油、肉桂醛的作用下，与各组分相互作用，可以有效的抑制细菌。
同时，本发明也提供了一种杀虫气雾剂的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
S1将水和乙醇混合，加热至40-50℃，边搅拌边加入杀虫剂、茶皂素和甘草次酸，得溶液A；
S2向步骤S1所得溶液A中加入聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯，搅拌均匀，再加入香茅油，得溶液B；
S3将步骤S2所得溶液冷却至室温，加入到气雾剂罐中，并在80-100kPa下注入抛射剂，即得。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂毒副作用小，不仅能有效防治蚊蝇及蟑螂，还能驱杀尘螨，适用于家庭、饭店等场所。同时，本发明提供的杀虫气雾剂能够抑菌、镇咳，有效缓解对呼吸道的刺激，适合敏感人群。
具体实施方式
下面通过具体实施例对本发明进一步详细说明，这些实施例仅用于例证的目的，并不限制本发明的保护范围。
实施例1一种杀虫气雾剂
所述杀虫气雾剂由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
胺菊酯0.1％、除虫菊酯0.1％、肉桂醛0.25％、哒螨灵0.05％、香茅油0.5％、茶皂素1％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.5％、抛射剂30％、甘草次酸1％、乙醇20％和水46.5％；所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
制备方法：
S1将水和乙醇混合，加热至45℃，边搅拌边加入胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛、哒螨灵、茶皂素和甘草次酸，得溶液A；
S2向步骤S1所得溶液A中加入聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯，搅拌均匀，再加入香茅油，得溶液B；
S3将步骤S2所得溶液冷却至室温，加入到气雾剂罐中，并在90kPa下注入抛射剂，即得。
实施例2一种杀虫气雾剂
所述杀虫气雾剂由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
胺菊酯0.15％、除虫菊酯0.15％、肉桂醛0.375％、哒螨灵0.075％、香茅油0.75％、茶皂素1.5％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.75％、抛射剂35％、甘草次酸3％、乙醇25％和水33.25％；所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
制备方法与实施例1类似。
实施例3一种杀虫气雾剂
所述杀虫气雾剂由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
胺菊酯0.2％、除虫菊酯0.2％、肉桂醛0.5％、哒螨灵0.1％、香茅油1.0％、茶皂素2％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯1％、抛射剂40％、甘草次酸5％、乙醇30％和水20％；所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
制备方法与实施例1类似。
对比例1一种杀虫气雾剂
所述杀虫气雾剂由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
胺菊酯0.1875％、除虫菊酯0.1875％、肉桂醛0.1875％、哒螨灵0.1875％、香茅油0.75％、茶皂素1.5％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.75％、抛射剂35％、甘草次酸3％、乙醇25％和水33.25％；所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
制备方法与实施例1类似。
与实施例2的区别在于，将胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛和哒螨灵的重量比2:2:5:1替换为1:1:1:1。
试验例一、对蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的防治效果试验
1.试验材料：实施例1-3及对比例1制备的杀虫气雾剂。
2.试验对象：
蚊：单色库蚊，羽化后第3-5天未吸血的雌性成虫，120只；
蝇：家蝇，羽化后第3-4天的成虫，雌雄各半，120只；
蜚蠊：德国小蠊，10-15日龄成虫，雌雄各半，80只。
3.试验方法：
1)将蚊、蝇、蜚蠊随机分为四组，每组含有蚊30只、蝇30只、蜚蠊20只，记作实施例1-3及对比例1组；
2)按GB/T13917.2-2009《农药登记卫生用杀虫剂的室内药效评价气雾剂》的方法计算KT50及死亡率，并根据KT50及死亡率进行药效评价。
4.试验结果：对蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的防治效果见表1-3。
表1对蚊的防治效果
组别 实施例1组 实施例2组 实施例3组 对比例1组
KT50/min 1.3 1.2 1.4 1.6
24h死亡率/％ 100 100 100 95
评价级别 A A A B
表2对蝇的防治效果
组别 实施例1组 实施例2组 实施例3组 对比例1组
KT50/min 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.1
24h死亡率/％ 100 100 100 93
评价级别 A A A 不合格
表3对蜚蠊的防治效果
组别 实施例1组 实施例2组 实施例3组 对比例1组
KT50/min 2.7 2.5 2.6 3.2
72h死亡率/％ 100 100 100 90
评价级别 A A A 不合格
由表1-3知，本发明制备的杀虫气雾剂对蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的防治效果较好，且室内药效均为A级。而对比例1制备的杀虫气雾剂的防治效果比实施例1-3组制备的杀虫气雾剂效果差，说明本发明配伍合理科学，各组分相互协同起到防治蚊、蝇、蜚蠊的效果，且当杀虫剂由胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛和哒螨灵按重量比2:2:5:1组成时，防治效果最佳。
试验例二、对尘螨的防治效果试验
1.试验材料：实施例1-3及对比例1制备的杀虫气雾剂。
2.试验对象：粉尘螨，雌雄各半，120只。
3.试验方法：
1)将尘螨随机分为四组，每组30只，记作实施例1-3及对比例1组；
2)与GB/T13917.2-2009装置类似，在密闭圆筒装置内增加一尘螨测试瓶，测试瓶的磨口部位涂抹凡士林油，瓶底放少许尘螨饲料后加盖；在喷药前先将瓶盖打开放入密闭圆筒中央，瓶盖的底面向上放置在瓶的一边，喷药后2min迅速用长镊经圆筒侧面放虫孔将瓶盖盖好，到达规定时间(20min)后，取出测试瓶在解剖镜下检查死虫数，以肢体不动者为死亡，并观察24h死亡率。
4.试验结果：对尘螨的防治效果见表4。
表4对尘螨的防治效果
组别 实施例1组 实施例2组 实施例3组 对比例1组
20min死亡率/％ 94.38 99.15 96.86 83.47
24h死亡率/％ 100 100 100 90
评价级别 A A A 不合格
由表4知，本发明制备的杀虫气雾剂对尘螨的防治效果较好，且室内药效为A级。而对比例1制备的杀虫气雾剂的防治效果比实施例1-3组制备的杀虫气雾剂效果差，说明本发明配伍合理科学，各组分相互协同起到防治尘螨的效果，且当杀虫剂由胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛和哒螨灵按重量比2:2:5:1组成时，防治效果最佳。
实施例三、镇咳效果感官评价
1.试验材料：实施例1-3制备的杀虫气雾剂。
2.试验对象：受试者120人，呼吸道敏感、易咳嗽，男女各半。
3.试验方法：
1)将死受试者随机分为3组，每组40人，记作实施例1-31组，分别前往3个相同的房间；
2)将实施例1-3制备的杀虫气雾剂分别喷于3个房间，空间浓度相同，30min后，根据感官进行评价其镇咳效果。评分标准：10分制，10分最好，0分最差，分数越高效果越好。
4.试验结果：镇咳效果感官评价结果见表5。
表5镇咳效果感官评价结果
由表5知，本发明制备的杀虫气雾剂的镇咳效果较好，本发明在甘草次酸的作用下，与各组分相互作用，协同起到镇咳的效果，有效的缓解杀虫气雾剂对呼吸道的刺激性。

Claims (5)

1.一种杀虫气雾剂，其特征在于，包括以下组分及其重量百分比：
杀虫剂0.5-1.0％、香茅油0.5-1.0％、茶皂素1-2％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.5-1％、抛射剂30-40％、甘草次酸1-5％、乙醇20-30％和水20-46.5％。
2.如权利要求1所述的杀虫气雾剂，其特征在于，由以下组分及其重量百分比组成：
杀虫剂0.75％、香茅油0.75％、茶皂素1.5％、聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯0.75％、抛射剂35％、甘草次酸3％、乙醇25％和水33.25％。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的杀虫气雾剂，其特征在于，所述杀虫剂由胺菊酯、除虫菊酯、肉桂醛和哒螨灵按重量比2:2:5:1组成。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的杀虫气雾剂，其特征在于，所述抛射剂为二甲醚。
5.如权利要求1-4任一所述的杀虫气雾剂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1将水和乙醇混合，加热至40-50℃，边搅拌边加入杀虫剂、茶皂素和甘草次酸，得溶液A；
S2向步骤S1所得溶液A中加入聚氧乙烯山梨醇酐单硬脂酸酯，搅拌均匀，再加入香茅油，得溶液B；
S3将步骤S2所得溶液冷却至室温，加入到气雾剂罐中，并在80-100kPa下注入抛射剂，即得。
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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109258679A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2019-01-25 中山凯中有限公司 一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法与应用
CN109430295A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-08 佛山市高科合创科技有限公司 一种以茶籽油为主要原料的杀螨剂及其制备
CN110338197A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-18 西藏阿木达草本科技有限公司 一种植物型杀菌除螨素及制备方法
CN115191433A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-10-18 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 一种功能性助剂在灭蟑螂组合物中的应用和灭蟑螂组合物及其应用

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109258679A (zh) * 2018-10-09 2019-01-25 中山凯中有限公司 一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法与应用
CN109258679B (zh) * 2018-10-09 2021-05-25 中山凯中有限公司 一种杀虫气雾剂及其制备方法与应用
CN109430295A (zh) * 2018-12-21 2019-03-08 佛山市高科合创科技有限公司 一种以茶籽油为主要原料的杀螨剂及其制备
CN110338197A (zh) * 2019-07-31 2019-10-18 西藏阿木达草本科技有限公司 一种植物型杀菌除螨素及制备方法
CN115191433A (zh) * 2022-07-22 2022-10-18 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 一种功能性助剂在灭蟑螂组合物中的应用和灭蟑螂组合物及其应用
CN115191433B (zh) * 2022-07-22 2024-05-28 中国人民解放军海军特色医学中心 一种功能性助剂在灭蟑螂组合物中的应用和灭蟑螂组合物及其应用

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