CN106848588B - A kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface - Google Patents
A kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN106848588B CN106848588B CN201710039838.5A CN201710039838A CN106848588B CN 106848588 B CN106848588 B CN 106848588B CN 201710039838 A CN201710039838 A CN 201710039838A CN 106848588 B CN106848588 B CN 106848588B
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, including：Feed and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, wherein, feed is used to provide space illumination source for digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface or receives the scattering electromagnetic wave of digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, and feed feeding classification is the transmission-type that is reflective or being placed in digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface rear being placed in front of digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface；Digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface includes multiple digital phase control radiating elements, and each digital phase control radiating element includes：Radiation Module；DC bias circuit, for providing bias current for Radiation Module；The digital control device integrated with Radiation Module；Wherein, Radiation Module has different radiating phases under the regulation and control of digital control device.The invention has the advantages that：Feeder loss is small, radiation efficiency is high, beam scanning speed is fast, array scale expansion is strong, simple in structure, section is low, light-weight, easily conformal, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention designs antenna technical field, and in particular to a kind of novel phased array day based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface
Line.
Background technology
Phased array antenna with high-gain beam scanning characteristic is in fields such as satellite communication, remotely sensed image, navigation guides
It has a wide range of applications.Existing high-gain beam scanning antennas mainly has mechanical paraboloid of revolution antenna and automatically controlled phased array day
Line two major classes.Wherein, rotary parabolic surface antenna has many advantages, such as simple structure, low cost, high efficiency, but its shape is special
Curved surface, bulky, heavy and beam scanning speed are slow, servo-drive system requires height.Electricity sweeps phased array antenna can be preferably
Overcome above-mentioned deficiency, not only sweep speed is fast, performance is more flexible, and plane or conformal structure are more favorable to keep with carrier
Conformal, but the design of its feeding network is complicated, especially when antenna aperture increases, feeder loss is higher, the radiation efficiency of antenna compared with
It is low, it can be achieved that gain it is limited.Although feeder loss can be reduced by introducing solid-state transmitting-receiving subassembly in the cells, system at
Originally, weight will greatly improve, these all limit the large-scale application of existing phased array antenna.
Invention content
The present invention is directed at least solve one of above-mentioned technical problem.
For this purpose, it is an object of the invention to propose a kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, with
Lower cost obtains fast beam scan performance.
To achieve the goals above, embodiment of the invention discloses that a kind of Novel photo based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface
Array antenna is controlled, including：Feed and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, wherein the feed is used to be the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface
Space illumination source is provided and receives the scattering electromagnetic wave of the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface；The digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface includes
Multiple digital phase control radiating elements, each digital phase control radiating element include：Radiation Module；DC bias circuit, with institute
Radiation Module connection is stated, for providing bias current for the Radiation Module；Digital control device is integrated in the Radiation Module
On, the phase for adjusting Radiation Module in different DC biased.
Further, when the feed is placed in the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface front, and the digital phase control electromagnetic meter
When face is in the far field irradiated region of the feed, the novel phased array antenna is in reflective operation state, the number phase
Control radiating element further include top-down metal patch layer, first medium plate, metal, second medium plate and direct current biasing electricity
Road floor, wherein the metal patch layer is provided with the Radiation Module and the digital control device；The DC bias circuit
The metal wire that layer is provided with fan-shaped metal wire and is connect with voltage source, the metal wire being connect with voltage source and the fan-shaped gold
Belong to line connection；The first conducting connecting part, the sector metal wire are provided between the metal patch layer and the metal ground
Be provided with the second conducting connecting part between the metal patch layer, second conducting connecting part evade with the metal every
It opens, second conducting connecting part is connect with the Radiation Module and the fan-shaped metal wire respectively.
Further, the feed is placed in digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface rear, and the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface
When far field irradiated region in the feed, the novel phased array antenna is in far field transmissive operation state, the number
Phased radiating element further includes top-down first metal patch layer, first medium plate, the second metal patch layer, second medium
Plate and DC bias circuit layer, wherein the first metal patch layer is provided with the Radiation Module and the digitial controller
Part；The metal wire that the DC bias circuit layer is provided with fan-shaped metal wire and is connect with voltage source, it is described to be connect with voltage source
Metal wire connect with the fan-shaped metal wire；The ground that the first metal patch layer passes through the first conducting connecting part and voltage source
Connect, the second conducting connecting part is provided between the sector metal wire and the second metal patch layer, described second is conductive
Connector is evaded with the second metal patch layer to be separated, second conducting connecting part respectively with the Radiation Module and described
Fan-shaped metal wire connection.
Further, first conducting connecting part and second conducting connecting part are cylindrical structure.
Further, the center of circle of the fan-shaped metal wire is overlapped with the center of circle of second metal connecting piece, the sector
The subtended angle of metal wire is 60 degree.
Further, the digital control device includes PIN diode, varactor and MEMS diodes.
Novel phased array antenna according to the ... of the embodiment of the present invention based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, utilizes digitial controller
Part adjusts the reflected phase or transmission phase of each unit of resistance electromagnetic surface, and uses horn feed from space illumination whole table
Face adjusts the phase of each unit in surface by numerically controlled mode, to obtain high-gain focusing dynamic scan wave beam,
Agile wave beam or multi-beam, have feeder loss is small, beam scanning speed is fast, array scale expansion is strong, it is simple in structure, cut open
Low, light-weight, easily conformal, the at low cost advantage in face.
The additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Description of the drawings
The above-mentioned and/or additional aspect and advantage of the present invention will become in the description from combination following accompanying drawings to embodiment
Obviously and it is readily appreciated that, wherein：
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the preposition reflective phased array antenna schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention feed；
Fig. 3 is one embodiment of the invention feed postposition far field transmission-type phased array antenna schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is one embodiment of the invention array feed postposition near field transmission-type phased array antenna schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the digital phase control radiative unit structure figure of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is that the novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of one embodiment of the invention is operated in X frequencies
The scanning beam result figure of section.
Specific implementation mode
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label indicates same or similar element or element with the same or similar functions.Below with reference to attached
The embodiment of figure description is exemplary, and is only used for explaining the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " first ", " second " are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " phase
Even ", " connection " shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or be integrally connected；It can
Can also be electrical connection to be mechanical connection；It can be directly connected, can also indirectly connected through an intermediary, Ke Yishi
Connection inside two elements.For the ordinary skill in the art, above-mentioned term can be understood at this with concrete condition
Concrete meaning in invention.
With reference to following description and drawings, it will be clear that these and other aspects of the embodiment of the present invention.In these descriptions
In attached drawing, some particular implementations in the embodiment of the present invention are specifically disclosed, to indicate to implement the implementation of the present invention
Some modes of the principle of example, but it is to be understood that the scope of embodiments of the invention is not limited.On the contrary, the present invention
Embodiment includes all changes, modification and the equivalent fallen within the scope of the spirit and intension of attached claims.
The present invention is described below in conjunction with attached drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of the embodiment of the present invention.Such as
Shown in Fig. 1, a kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, including feed 100 and digital phase control electromagnetic meter
Face 200.
Wherein, feed 100 is used to provide space illumination source for digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 and receives the digital phase control
The scattering electromagnetic wave of resistance electromagnetic surface.
Specifically, as shown in Fig. 2, feed 100 and feeding classification, which use, is placed in 200 front of the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface
The reflective feed in far field, i.e. the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 receives the far field irradiation of feed, this example feed 100 is
Common commercial loudspeaker, but it is not limited to electromagnetic horn, can also be the antenna of other forms, such as microstrip antenna.Such as Fig. 3 institutes
Show, in another example of the present invention, feed 100 is placed in the rear of digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200, and 100 far field of feed is shone
Digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 is penetrated, phased array antenna works in far field transmission-type state.As shown in figure 4, in the another of the present invention
In a example, feed 100 is micro-strip array antenna, and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 is placed in the near field region of feed 100, number
Phased resistance electromagnetic surface 200 works near field transmission-type state.
Digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 includes multiple digital phase control radiating elements, and each digital phase control radiating element includes：
Radiation Module；DC bias circuit is connect with the Radiation Module, for providing bias current for the Radiation Module；Number
Control device is integrated on the Radiation Module, the phase for adjusting Radiation Module in different DC biased.
Specifically, digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 includes multiple digital phase control radiating elements 210.At one of the present invention
In example, digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 is the array of n × m digital phase control radiating element 210 composition, the value of n, m according to
Using it needs to be determined that.Each digital phase control radiating element 210 includes Radiation Module 211, DC bias circuit 212 and digital control
Device 213.213 one end of digital control device is connect with Radiation Module 211, other end ground connection.DC bias circuit 212 and radiation
Module 211 connects, for providing bias current for digital control device.
Fig. 5 is the digital phase control radiative unit structure figure of one embodiment of the invention, as shown in figure 5, the one of the present invention
In a embodiment, feed 100 and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 are in reflective operation state (as shown in Figure 2).At this point, number
The phased radiation control unit 210 of word include from top to bottom include metal patch layer 1, first medium plate 2, metal 3, second medium
Plate 4 and DC bias circuit layer 5.Wherein, metal patch layer 1 is provided with radiation patch 11 and polygon patch 12, rectangular patch
13 and PIN diode 14.
DC bias circuit 5 includes fan-shaped metal wire 51 and polygon metal wire 52.The center of circle of fan-shaped metal wire 51 and the
The center of circle of two cylinders overlaps, and subtended angle is 60 degree.52 one end of polygon metal wire is overlapped with the center of circle of fan-shaped metal wire 51, another
It end can be along arbitrarily moving towards arbitrary edge placement, it is only necessary to be connect with voltage source.
According to equivalent circuit theory, when PIN diode anode loaded switches voltage, it can be equivalent to different circuits,
Therefore the equivalent circuit of entire unit will accordingly change, and the reflex response that unit compares ejected wave also will variation.Using this feature,
Appropriate Optimal Parameters, parameter include the first length of side px and the second length of side py of rectangular radiation patch 11, the length of rectangular patch 13
Bx and width w, metal patch layer 1 and metal the distance between 3 h1 and metal between 3 and DC bias circuit layer 5 away from
It is related from h2.The reflected phase value of two digital controllables can be obtained by the way that above-mentioned parameter is arranged in the frequency of needs.
In another embodiment of the present invention, feed 100 and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 are in far field transmission-type work
Make state (as shown in Figure 3).At this point, digital phase control radiating element further includes including the first metal patch layer, first from top to bottom
Dielectric-slab, the second metal patch layer, second medium plate and DC bias circuit layer.Wherein, the first metal patch layer is provided with spoke
Penetrate module and digital control device；The metal wire that DC bias circuit layer is provided with fan-shaped metal wire and is connect with voltage source, with
The metal wire of voltage source connection is connect with fan-shaped metal wire；Pass through the first conducting connecting part and voltage source in the first metal patch layer
Ground connect, be provided with the second conducting connecting part between fan-shaped metal wire and the second metal patch layer, the second conducting connecting part with
Second metal patch layer, which is evaded, to be separated, and the second conducting connecting part is connect with Radiation Module and fan-shaped metal wire respectively.
It should be noted that when feed 100 and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 are in far field transmissive operation state,
Compared with feed 100 and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 are in reflective operation state, the number of digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200
The phased radiating element of word with the second patch layer alternative metals 3, other structures are identical, equally can obtain two in the frequency of needs
The reflected phase value of a digital controllable.
In another embodiment of the present invention, feed 100 and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 are near field transmission-type work
When making state, feed 100 is general three wavelength at a distance from array feed, with digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200, at this time by array
The novel phased array antenna that feed and digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface 200 form has low section feature.
In one embodiment of the invention, PIN diode 14 is the MADP-000907-14020 of MACOM companies production,
But it is not limited to the type product of the said firm.Its working condition includes：Conducting, cut-off.
In one embodiment of the invention, first medium plate 2 be Taconic TLX-8, relative dielectric constant 2.55,
But it is not limited to the plank of the electromagnetic parameter.
In one embodiment of the invention, second medium plate 4 is FR-4, relative dielectric constant 4.4, but be not limited to
The plank of the electromagnetic parameter.
The length of side of digital control unit in the embodiment of the present invention, rectangular radiation patch 11 determines working frequency, passes through
The first length of side px is adjusted, the cell operation can be made in the frequency of needs.
Fig. 6 is that the novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of one embodiment of the invention is operated in X frequencies
The scanning beam result figure of section.Wherein, antenna includes 40 × 40 digital control units, is operated in 11.1GHz.It can from Fig. 5
To find out：This embodiment achieves the spacescans of high-gain focus beam, wherein the antenna that Fig. 5 shows realizes ± 60o and sweeps
It retouches, when wave beam is scanned by 0 ° to 60 °, gain declines 3.4dB.
The novel phased array antenna of the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of the embodiment of the present invention, utilizes integrated digital control device
The radiating phase of each digital phase control radiating element in digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface is directly adjusted, and uses feed from space illumination
Whole surface adjusts the phase of all units in surface by numerically controlled mode, and the dynamic to obtain high-gain focusing is swept
Retouch wave beam and agile wave beam.This high-gain beam scanning antennas design method, combines common parabola antenna and phased array
The advantages of antenna, while overcoming the deficiency of the two, there is performance very outstanding, cost and promoting the use of advantage.Specific table
It is now：Feeder loss is small, radiation efficiency is high, beam scanning speed is fast, array scale expansion is strong, simple in structure, light-weight, easy
It is conformal, at low cost etc..
In addition, other compositions of the novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface of the embodiment of the present invention and
Effect is all known for a person skilled in the art, in order to reduce redundancy, is not repeated.
In the description of this specification, reference term " one embodiment ", " some embodiments ", " example ", " specifically show
The description of example " or " some examples " etc. means specific features, structure, material or spy described in conjunction with this embodiment or example
Point is included at least one embodiment or example of the invention.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are not
Centainly refer to identical embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be any
One or more embodiments or example in can be combined in any suitable manner.
Although an embodiment of the present invention has been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that：Not
In the case of being detached from the principle of the present invention and objective a variety of change, modification, replacement and modification can be carried out to these embodiments, this
The range of invention is by claim and its equivalent limits.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of novel phased array antenna based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, which is characterized in that including：Feed and digital phase control
Resistance electromagnetic surface, wherein
The feed is used to provide space illumination source for the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface and receives the digital phase control electromagnetic meter
The scattering electromagnetic wave in face；
The digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface includes multiple digital phase control radiating elements, each digital phase control radiating element packet
It includes：
Radiation Module；
DC bias circuit is connect with the Radiation Module, for providing bias current for the Radiation Module；
Digital control device is integrated on the Radiation Module, for adjusting Radiation Module in different DC biased
Phase；
Wherein, the feed is placed in digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface rear, and the digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface is in described
When the far field irradiated region of feed, the novel phased array antenna is in far field transmissive operation state, the digital phase control radiation
Unit includes the first metal patch layer, first medium plate, the second metal patch layer, second medium plate and direct current biasing from top to bottom
Circuit layer, wherein the first metal patch layer is provided with the Radiation Module and the digital control device；The direct current is inclined
The metal wire that circuits layer is provided with fan-shaped metal wire and is connect with voltage source, the metal wire being connect with voltage source with it is described
Fan-shaped metal wire connection；The first metal patch layer is connected by the first conducting connecting part with the ground of voltage source, the sector
It is provided with the second conducting connecting part between metal wire and the second metal patch layer, second conducting connecting part and described the
Two metal patch layers, which are evaded, to be separated, and second conducting connecting part connects with the Radiation Module and the fan-shaped metal wire respectively
It connects.
2. the novel phased array antenna according to claim 1 based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, which is characterized in that described
First conducting connecting part and second conducting connecting part are cylindrical structure.
3. the novel phased array antenna according to claim 2 based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, which is characterized in that described
The center of circle of fan-shaped metal wire is overlapped with the center of circle of second metal connecting piece, and the subtended angle of the sector metal wire is 60 degree.
4. the novel phased array antenna according to claim 1 based on digital phase control resistance electromagnetic surface, which is characterized in that described
Digital control device includes PIN diode, varactor and MEMS diodes.
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| CN109037951A (en) * | 2018-07-12 | 2018-12-18 | 清华大学 | Microwave and millimeter wave and Terahertz spatial electromagnetic wave phase converter |
| CN109119755A (en) * | 2018-09-03 | 2019-01-01 | 苏州耶拿微电子有限公司 | Reconfigurable arrays antenna based on the phased resistance electromagnetic surface of transmission-type |
| CN110920687A (en) * | 2018-09-20 | 2020-03-27 | 中车株洲电力机车研究所有限公司 | Train wireless communication system based on phase modulation material |
| CN109361432B (en) * | 2018-09-27 | 2020-12-08 | 清华大学 | Digital transmission method and system based on digital phase-controlled electromagnetic surface antenna |
| CN109273846A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-01-25 | 中国电子科技集团公司第五十四研究所 | A kind of reconfigurable arrays antenna based on the phased resistance electromagnetic surface of transmission-type |
| CN110768016A (en) * | 2019-06-14 | 2020-02-07 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Two-bit metamaterial periodic time sequence modulation method, metamaterial and phased array antenna |
| CN110401038A (en) * | 2019-07-23 | 2019-11-01 | 东南大学 | Ka wave band realizes that the reflective of beam scanning may be programmed super surface |
| CN110854551B (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2024-05-03 | 重庆邮电大学 | High-gain planar phased array antenna based on digital phase control technology |
| CN111162374A (en) * | 2020-01-02 | 2020-05-15 | 上海航天电子有限公司 | Ultralow sidelobe phased array system based on one-bit time modulation coding super surface |
| CN111478028A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-07-31 | 东南大学 | Ka-waveband low-profile transmission array antenna |
| CN111478030B (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2023-09-19 | 东南大学 | Reconfigurable sum and difference beam forming system and method |
| CN112864595B (en) * | 2021-01-07 | 2022-03-29 | 中山大学 | Transmission-type electromagnetic surface unit and stacked array structure |
| CN115000726A (en) * | 2021-03-01 | 2022-09-02 | 华为技术有限公司 | Reflective array antenna and base station |
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