CN106846884A - Bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM - Google Patents

Abstract

Bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM, each of which bus station constitutes bus arrival information query system, CC2530 radio-frequency communication module transmission informations are used between bus station and bus, public bus network realizes that information is exchanged between each bus station using the wave communication of power line half, when distance is more long between two bus stations using transmitting-receiving short message mode communication, passenger can utilize the network port that mobile phone A PP logs in computer to obtain each road bus arrival information.

Description

Bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM

(1) technical field：

Each bus station constitutes bus arrival information query system, is penetrated from CC2530 between bus station and bus Frequency communication module transmission information, public bus network realizes that information is exchanged between each bus station using the wave communication of power line half, when two public Hand over when distance is more long between standing and communicated using transmitting-receiving short message mode, passenger can utilize mobile phone A PP to log in the network port of computer Obtain each road bus arrival information.

(2) background technology：

With flourishing for public transport cause, increasing people starts the trip that takes bus, urban public bus lines with The development for public transport cause rapidly increases, therefore road is also more and more crowded, and passenger's waiting time by bus becomes very uncertain, The crowded passenger on public transport having of bus for causing but seldom, because crowded bus number many times of getting on or off the bus are long, Each station is required for stopping the longer time, if passenger can know that each circuit bus arrival information, avoiding congestion circuit can To alleviate public bus network jam situation to a certain extent, while be also convenient for passenger riding.

The existing intelligent bus stop board system based on GPS global locations, the extension GPS functions of being provided by the system are right Public transit vehicle carries out real-time satellite positioning, although can in real time grasp the letter such as the current position of public transit vehicle, travel speed, direction Breath, but the system architecture complex and expensive very flexible based on GPS global locations, and many high buildings and large mansions in city, some areas Satellite-signal is not smooth, therefore influence popularization, and only super-large city just has on probation at present.

(3) content of the invention：

The system is provided with the master controller of bus station in public transport terminus, and each bus station is provided with public transport stand control Device, master controller passes through power line half-wave constructing communication network with each public transport station control.Each bus is provided with Vehicle Controller Exchanged for carrying out wireless communication information with public transport station control, the simple cheap signal stabilization of system architecture is good.

The cycle discriminator circuit structural representation of master controller and each public transport station control is as shown in Fig. 2 by two uses The voltage comparator composition of hysteresis loop comparator, two comparators are separately positioned on the positive half cycle descending branch of cycle, crest voltage Used as the place of point 1 and 30% to 45% is screened as point 2 is screened, the positive half cycle descending branch of cycle is close to communication disruption at 60% to 80% place At the breakpoint of INT1, screen point and be arranged near the breakpoint of communication disruption INT1, filter off most of interference, and make communication in week The position of the negative half-wave of ripple is more accurate.Include filter circuit in each voltage comparator, the reference voltage of its voltage comparator by Mu balanced circuit is provided, and comparator input terminal is followed by through signal condition, resistance step-down, partial pressure, voltage stabilizing from electric power netting twine.

As shown in figure 1, at cycle zero passage, that is, screening point 0 and setting voltage zero-cross detection module, it uses cycle positive half-wave Signal sends into the clock end CLK of d type flip flop, D triggerings after further isolating negative half period, signal condition through electric resistance partial pressure, diode Q termination single-chip microcomputers the external interrupt mouthful INT0, the external interrupt mouthful INT0 of device are arranged to level triggers, the D terminations of d type flip flop Ground, S termination single-chip processor i/os mouthful, usually puts 1 for the I/O mouthfuls.When cycle positive half-wave signal arrives, on CLK signal immediately after Rising edge makes d type flip flop Q ends be 0, single-chip microcomputer external interrupt mouthful INT0 low levels, so as to produce interruption, the break period is T0, from T0 Place starts timing, and through 5MS time delays, the output voltage of electricity pressure comparator ﹙ V1 ﹚ at point T1 is screened in single-chip microcomputer scanning, when all wave voltages During the threshold voltage of Da Dao ﹙ V1 ﹚, output voltage produces saltus step, scanning to record timing time t1 during its saltus step；Same scanning note The time t2 of electricity pressure comparator ﹙ V2 ﹚ output voltage saltus steps at point T2 is screened in record, by t1, t2 saltus step corresponding with t1, t2 respectively Time setting value Ts1, Ts2 is made comparisons；If in the range of allowable error, the cycle signal for detecting be it is true, otherwise for It is false.Be the disconnected INT1 in the fictitious time Central Shanxi Plain, perform to interrupt and return, when for it is true when d type flip flop set to 0, execute instruction：Open interrupt INT 1, described I/O mouthfuls set to 0, the disconnected INT0 in the Central Shanxi Plain, described I/O mouthfuls put 1.

Lock in time uses the product multiplied to the stored count value N of grid cyclic wave and the average time T-phase of one cycle of power network, Along with the clocking value Ts between timing time point ti and grid cyclic wave integer value obtains lock in time TZ, its grid cyclic wave it is flat The equal time is that the measured value of 100 grid cyclic wave times is taken into it in grid cyclic wave counting process to be averagely worth to.

System is the lock in time communication in agreement.It is each in the telecommunication circuit of each station control and main controller to install one Communications electronics switch, switch drive module.The switch drive module of communications electronics switch is through resistance step-down, letter from electric power netting twine Number conditioning and the anti-phase CLK ends for being followed by d type flip flop A, the external interrupt mouthful INT1 of the Q termination single-chip microcomputers of d type flip flop A, the interruption Mouth is set to level triggers.The D ends ground connection of d type flip flop A, its S end connects with I/O mouthfuls of single-chip microcomputer, and original state S puts 1 in end.When When the positive square-wave signal at CLK ends arrives, its rising edge makes d type flip flop set to 0 middle fracture INT1 low levels generation interruption, is taken interrupting First it is followed by through 0.5MS time delays believing electronic switch all in business program, starts timing, and set to 0 S ends, d type flip flop puts 1 i.e. Q ends and is 1 and the disconnected INT1 in the Central Shanxi Plain, then communicated, communications electronics switch according to single-chip microcomputer corresponding port is connected to using communication mode, and Signal condition is carried out, the sign off of this cycle within timing 9MS, shut-off communications electronics switch, S puts at end 1 makes out interruption etc. The communication of next cycle is treated, is so gone round and begun again and is realized half wave communication.Main controller is sent out to each station control during this sign off Shut-off communications electronics are sent to switch, the instruction of the disconnected INT1 in the Central Shanxi Plain.

The signal source of bus distance travelled is the kilometer sensor on speed changer or hub for vehicle wheel, to mileage Table sensor output pulse signal is counted can reflect wheel revolutions, obtain speed and distance travelled information, mileometer sensing Device output signal through level shifting circuit, low-pass filter circuit it is anti-interference after output signal is accurately caught by one-chip machine port Identification, is re-fed into one-chip machine port.Mileage between the Vehicle Controller of each circuit bus preset each station, to be travelled Middle position.When bus communicates with bus station, when the Vehicle Controller of bus is calculated when setting is arrived at a station, mileage is subtracted between two stations When the error amount of mileage is between+8 meters and -5 meters between two stations when actual measurement is arrived at a station, the bus do not stopped before expression, The bus is to be stopped to station location, then the error amount is marked M, and will indicate M each time of the Vehicle Controller of bus is arrived Stand mileage error amount, take more than 5 times and leave out maximum for several times by setting ratio number of times and arrive at a station mileage error amount, remaining work of averaging It is offset, for correcting measurement mileage.The time interval of the setting need to ensure while the bus for arriving at a station all leaves, and make Next bus is stopped to station location.

Bus is respectively provided with radio-frequency communication module with bus station, realizes that the wireless messages between bus and bus station are passed Pass.Radio-frequency communication module selects CC2530 modules, or from the Zigbee module of other single-chip microcomputers.CC2530 is the production of TI companies It is a based on SOC (on-chip system), support IEEE802.15.4, ZigBee, ZigBee PRO standards, integrated chip 2.4GHZ DSSS RF transceivers, the industrial single-chip microcomputer of stage enhancement type 8051, ZigBee be low-power consumption, low data rate, The radio network technique of low cost, most codes of Zigbee protocol stack are all public, thus considerably increase item Purpose is portable, and its application layer characteristic information is stored in ZigBee.def files, used as the one of application development Part, will change this document and set according to actual conditions.

ZigBee working frequencies are 2.380GHz~2.500Ghz, totally 26 channels, support FHSS, can effectively be kept away Exempt from the band interference of itself, it is also possible to which its extended frequency band avoids the interference of WIFI, and support that the carrier wave multichannel of conflict avoidance is intercepted Technology (CSMA-CA) is when application program needs to deliver a packet to one group of equipment on network, it is possible to use group addressing side Formula can also carry out the configuration of the network topology parameters such as transmission power, channel to module.Channel is arranged as required to during communication, and It is arranged to transmitter mode or receiver mode.

Vehicle Controller is connected to 8051 monolithics in CC2530 modules by CC2530 module compositions, public transport car kilometer output signal I/O mouthfuls of machine, is stored in the flash memory in its chip, the communication data of Vehicle Controller after being directly read by 8051 single-chip microcomputers By the block update mode of data in flash memory, it is stored in the flash memory of its CC2530 chip.

Each bus station constitutes bus arrival information query system, and each public transport station control is according to the station bus Line Address cycles through detection signal, realizes that information is handed over bus station after the Vehicle Controller response of the bus of parking of arriving at a station Change, arrived at a station simultaneously during to channel transmission answer signal with many buses of circuit, public transport station control will continuously receive several Wrong data bag or the intensity listened to after channel signals superposition transfinite, and illustrate that present channel is interfered, at this moment, each bus By between its parking spot and site location apart from S, by bus travel direction, since 6 meters of site location is exceeded forward, from It is dynamic, backward to 18-60 meters of point leaving from station, to fall into described Serial Number Range by S values to number according to every 6 meters of range incrementation numberings, on Note generally there was only 2 to 3 cars while arriving at a station when stating setting.Public transport station control is to the bus disturbing line that arrives at a station according to the volume Number order retransmits detection signal, as produced interference again if to the bus of failed communication, reduce described every 6 meters of scopes Value does not repeat to number again, repeats said process to interference is not produced, and its numbering fails to during the next stop.When circuit possesses public transport Using the fixed preset numbering that will not be failed during car negligible amounts.

Bus station communicates with bus and is also adopted by the different communication Channel cyclical setting of neighbor stations, uplink and downlink Road site communication channel of the same name staggers and uses, and prevents co-channel interference.Bus is automatic after reaching terminal to change communication letter Road and website order are set, and public transport station control will arrive at a station send display to show after information processing, be easy to passenger to check.

When bus station of the distance more than 700 meters between two stations, SMS R-T unit is installed, using receiving/sending mobile-phone short messages Mode communicates, and in bus travel direction, the bus station's timing being located behind passes to public transport information of arriving at a station with short message mode Front bus station.SMS R-T unit includes gsm module, SIM, microprocessor and eeprom memory, using micro- place Reason device is controlled to gsm module, realizes that remote data is wirelessly transferred in SMS messaging mode.The serial port and GSM of microprocessor Module is connected, and completes the initialization to gsm module, realizes the transmission-receiving function of short message, and EEPRAM memories are used for storing user The coding and decoding of data and short message.In addition, microprocessor is also connected into line number by extended serial port with affiliated public transport station control According to exchange.The main controller that public transport terminus is set is connected by coupled computer and Internet.

(4) illustrate：

Fig. 1 is cycle discriminator circuit principle schematic；

Fig. 2 is the circuit structure block diagram of the bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM.

(5) specific embodiment：

The circuit structure block diagram of the bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM is as shown in Figure 2, comprising:

Controller (3), SMS R-T unit between master controller (1), Vehicle Controller (2), the bus station of bus (4), public transport station control (5)；Wherein Vehicle Controller (1) is made up of Zigbee radio-frequency communication modules and kilometer sensor, Zigbee radio-frequency communication modules select CC2530 modules, the mileage output signal of bus kilometer sensor to be connected to CC2530 moulds I/O mouthfuls of 8051 single-chip microcomputers in block, the transceiving data of Vehicle Controller (1) is stored in the flash memory of its CC2530 chip.

Controller (3) and public transport station control (5) are by Zigbee radio-frequency modules, cycle between master controller (1), bus station Discriminator circuit, communications electronics switch, switch drive module and LCD display are constituted, and wherein master controller (1) is by coupled Computer be connected to Internet.Zigbee radio-frequency modules select CC2530 modules, and LCD display drives electricity comprising LCD Road and LCD display, LCD display are connected with I/O mouthfuls of 8051 single-chip microcomputers in CC2530 modules, and transceiving data is stored in it In the flash memory of CC2530 chips.

Cycle discriminator circuit is made up of input circuit, voltage zero-cross detection module and voltage comparator.Input circuit is used for By mains AC voltage by resistance and the partial pressure of diode, the input voltage of voltage comparator suitably stabilization is converted to. Voltage zero-cross detection module d type flip flop, voltage comparator selects LM393, and its reference voltage is using mu balanced circuit stabilization electricity Press the threshold voltage of comparator.

Communications electronics switch uses reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, and switch drive module includes input circuit and d type flip flop, the master control 8051 single-chip microcomputers of Zigbee radio-frequency communication modules are also in controller (3) and public transport station control (5) between device (1) processed, bus station For controlling communications electronics switch, switch drive module and cycle discriminator circuit.

SMS R-T unit (4) is made up of gsm module, SIM, microprocessor, eeprom memory, wherein GSM Module selects AT24C32 from chip TC35i, microprocessor from 89C51, eeprom memory.89C51 is by extending I2C Bus is connected with affiliated public transport station control and carries out data exchange, and TC35i is RS232 data ports, and 89C51 passes through serial line interface collection It is connected with TC35i into circuit and level shifting circuit chip MAX232.TC35i integrates radio circuit and base band, is data Quick, reliable, safe transmission is provided with short message.TC35i has 40 pins, is divided into 5 classes, i.e. power supply, data input/defeated Go out, SIM, COBBAIF and control.

TC35i supports AT Command Set, wherein containing the control to SMS, microprocessor sends a series of by TC35i AT is instructed, and completes the initialization to gsm module and receiving short message.The SIM of gsm module is connected to, must be first on mobile phone to SIM Card carries out necessary setting and enables and set the Short Message Center that Short Message Center's service number is made it possible in being netted with GSM Contact, therefore similar setting need not be again carried out in use.Because only transceiving data, the transmitting-receiving of the system SMS uses TEXT moulds Formula, TEXT patterns are a kind of tactic patterns based on ASCII character.

Claims (2)

1. bus station's presentation of information board of ZigBee and GSM is based on, it is characterized in that public transport terminus sets master controller, each public transport Stand and public transport station control is set, master controller with each public transport station control by the wave communication of power line half, install by each bus Vehicle Controller is used to carry out radio communication with public transport station control；

The cycle discriminator circuit of master controller and each public transport station control is made up of two voltage comparators, two comparator difference It is arranged on the positive half cycle descending branch of cycle, 60% to 80% place of crest voltage is used as screening the place of point 1 and 30% to 45% as Zhen Other point 2, the positive half cycle descending branch of cycle is screened point and is arranged near the breakpoint of communication disruption close at the breakpoint of communication disruption, is filtered Most of interference is gone, has made communication more accurate in the position of the negative half-wave of cycle；

At cycle zero passage, that is, screen point 0 and voltage zero-cross detection module is set, the defeated of point voltage comparator is screened in single-chip microcomputer scanning Go out voltage, if timing time when recording its saltus step is in the range of allowable error, the cycle signal for detecting is true；

Lock in time is using the product multiplied to the stored count value N of grid cyclic wave and the average time T-phase of one cycle of power network, then adds Clocking value Ts between upper timing time point ti and grid cyclic wave integer value obtains lock in time TZ, the mean time of its grid cyclic wave Between be that the measured value of 100 grid cyclic wave times is taken into it in grid cyclic wave counting process to be averagely worth to；

System is communicated in the lock in time of agreement, and a communications electronics are respectively installed in the telecommunication circuit of each station control and main controller Switch, switch drive module, the anti-phase rear square-wave signal of negative half-wave of grid cyclic wave are followed by believing electricity all when arriving through 0.5MS time delays Sub switch, after connection within timing 9MS this cycle sign off, shut-off communications electronics switch waits the logical of next cycle Letter, so goes round and begins again and realizes half wave communication, and main controller sends shut-off communications electronics and switchs to each station control during sign off Instruction；

The signal source of bus distance travelled is the kilometer sensor on speed changer or hub for vehicle wheel, mileometer sensing Device output signal through level shifting circuit, low-pass filter circuit it is anti-interference after send into microcontroller ports, the vehicle-mounted control of bus Mileage between device processed preset each station, with position in being travelled；It is vehicle-mounted when bus when bus communicates with bus station When the error amount of mileage is between+8 meters and -5 meters between mileage subtracts the station of actual measurement two between two stations of controller calculating setting, represent The bus do not stopped above, the bus is to be stopped to station location, then the error amount is marked M, bus it is vehicle-mounted Controller will indicate each mileage error amount that arrives at a station of M, takes more than 5 times and leaves out maximum for several times by setting ratio number of times and arrives at a station mileage Error amount, remaining is averaged as offset, for correcting measurement mileage；The time interval of the setting need to ensure while arriving The bus stood all leaves, and next bus is stopped to station location；

Bus is respectively provided with radio-frequency communication module with bus station, realizes the wireless messages transmission between bus and bus station；Penetrate Frequency communication module selects CC2530 modules, or from the Zigbee module of other single-chip microcomputers；Public transport car kilometer output signal is connected to I/O mouthfuls of 8051 single-chip microcomputers in CC2530 modules, is stored in the flash memory in its chip, car after being directly read by 8051 single-chip microcomputers The communication data of set controller is also stored in the flash memory of CC2530 chips；

Each bus station constitutes bus arrival information query system, each public transport station control according to the station bus circuit Address cycle sends detection signal, realizes that information is exchanged with bus station after the Vehicle Controller response of the bus of parking of arriving at a station, Arrived at a station simultaneously during to channel transmission answer signal with many buses of circuit, public transport station control will continuously receive several mistakes Packet or the intensity listened to after channel signals superposition transfinite, and illustrate that present channel is interfered, and at this moment, each bus presses it Apart from S between parking spot and site location, by bus travel direction, since 6 meters of site location is exceeded forward, automatically according to Every 6 meters of range incrementation numberings backward to 18-60 meters of point leaving from station, fall into described Serial Number Range by S values to number, bus station Controller retransmits detection signal to the bus disturbing line that arrives at a station according to the number order, to failed if producing disturb again The bus of communication, reduce it is described do not repeat to number again every 6 meters of values of scope, repeat said process to not producing interference, Its numbering fails to during the next stop；

Bus station communicates with bus and is also adopted by the different communication Channel cyclical setting of neighbor stations, and uplink is same with downgoing line Name site communication channel staggers and uses, and prevents co-channel interference；Bus after reaching terminal it is automatic change communication channel and Website order is set, and public transport station control will arrive at a station send display to show after information processing, be easy to passenger to check；

When distance is more than 700 meters between two bus stations, or vehicle is less when being difficult to complete car communicate with car, installation SMS receipts Transmitting apparatus, are communicated using receiving/sending mobile-phone short messages mode, and in bus travel direction, the bus station being located behind is regularly by bus Information of arriving at a station passes to front bus station with short message mode, in order to save the phone number yardage that each SMS R-T unit is used Amount, tdm communication is carried out by bus station's order, SMS R-T unit include gsm module, SIM, microprocessor and Eeprom memory, is controlled using microprocessor to gsm module, realizes that remote data is wirelessly transferred in SMS messaging mode.

2. the bus station's presentation of information board based on ZigBee and GSM according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include:

Controller (3) between master controller (1), Vehicle Controller (2), the bus station of bus, SMS R-T unit (4), Public transport station control (5)；Wherein Vehicle Controller (1) is made up of Zigbee radio-frequency communication modules and kilometer sensor, Zigbee radio-frequency communication modules select CC2530 modules, the mileage output signal of bus kilometer sensor to be connected to CC2530 moulds I/O mouthfuls of 8051 single-chip microcomputers in block, the transceiving data of Vehicle Controller (1) is stored in the flash memory of its CC2530 chip；

Controller (3) and public transport station control (5) are screened by Zigbee radio-frequency modules, cycle between master controller (1), bus station Circuit, communications electronics switch, switch drive module and LCD display are constituted, and wherein master controller (1) is by coupled meter Calculation machine is connected to Internet；Zigbee radio-frequency modules select CC2530 modules, LCD display comprising LCD drive circuits and LCD display, LCD display is connected with I/O mouthfuls of 8051 single-chip microcomputers in CC2530 modules, and transceiving data is stored in its CC2530 In the flash memory of chip；

Cycle discriminator circuit is made up of input circuit, voltage zero-cross detection module and voltage comparator；Voltage zero-cross detection module With d type flip flop, voltage comparator is from LM393, and its reference voltage is electric using the threshold value of mu balanced circuit burning voltage comparator Pressure；

Communications electronics switch uses reverse-blocking tetrode thyristor, and switch drive module includes input circuit and d type flip flop, the master controller (1), 8051 single-chip microcomputers of Zigbee radio-frequency modules are additionally operable to control in controller (3) and public transport station control (5) between bus station Communications electronics switch, switch drive module and cycle discriminator circuit；

SMS R-T unit (4) is made up of gsm module, SIM, microprocessor, eeprom memory, wherein gsm module From chip TC35i, microprocessor AT24C32 is selected from 89C51, eeprom memory；89C51 is by extending I2C buses Being connected with affiliated public transport station control carries out data exchange, 89C51 by serial line interface level shifting circuit chip MAX232 with TC35i is connected.