CN106844874A - A kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis - Google Patents
A kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Present invention is disclosed a kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis, comprise the following steps:It is comprised the following steps, and 1) set up all-aluminium body FEM model;2) all-aluminium body mode, rigidity are analyzed;3) sensitivity analysis and optimization response model is set up;4) Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient, Modal sensitivity coefficient and the weight sensitivity coefficient of each part of vehicle body are calculated;5) according to sensitivity coefficient result of calculation, Optimal Structure Designing is carried out;6) CAE analysis checking is carried out to the body structure after optimization, judges whether to meet light-weight design target, if meeting, design is completed;If it is not satisfied, then repeat step 5), until meeting light-weight design target.The present invention can analyze all achievable light-weighted structures in vehicle body overall structure, and can efficiently verify whether the structure after optimization meets mode, rigidity requirement, realize efficient, reliable body lightening design.
Description
【Technical field】
The invention belongs to Car design technical field, more particularly to a kind of full aluminium car based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis
Body light-weight design method.
【Background technology】
High rigidity, lightweight turn into the index that current Automobile Design is pursued.Increase component thickness is only relied on to lift white car
Body bends and torsional rigidity runs in the opposite direction with this.And, research shows in the structure design of vehicle body, increases the thickness of part
Degree might not improve the rigidity of white body.Therefore, herein based on sensitivity analysis, studying each parts dialogue car
The contribution amount of body rigidity, to determine the weak link of Body in white frame structure.And its structure is improved, so as to effectively be lifted
Body performance.
According to statistics, automobile often mitigates the 10% of its gross mass, and fuel consumption can reduce by 6%~8%, reduce discharge 5%
~6%.Vehicle body is the important component of automobile, and its weight accounts for the 40% of complete vehicle weight, body structure optimized and is set
Meter can effectively reduce automotive dead weight.The lightweight of vehicle body plays very important effect for the lightweight of vehicle, its for
The influence of automobile research is many.
Although the extensive application of new material, new technology can significantly realize loss of weight, the cost for also bringing is sharply increased.
Optimization design is the subject for growing up the beginning of the sixties, is that principle of optimality and computing technique are applied into design field,
For engineering design provides a kind of important science design method.Using this new method for designing, people can just comform many
Best design is searched out in design, so as to greatly improve design efficiency and quality, therefore optimization design is to set in the modern times
Theoretical and method the key areas of meter.Loss of weight is realized by optimizing analysis, vehicle oil consumption is reduced, is improved the warp of vehicle operation
While Ji property, also save material for automobile manufacturing enterprise, reduces cost, bring significant economic benefit.
【The content of the invention】
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design side based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis
Method, can analyze all achievable light-weighted structures in vehicle body overall structure, and can efficiently verify the knot after optimization
Whether structure meets mode, rigidity requirement, realizes efficient, reliable body lightening design.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions above-mentioned purpose:A kind of all-aluminium body based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis
Light-weight design method, it is comprised the following steps,
1) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up;
2) all-aluminium body mode, rigidity are analyzed, obtain modal calculation value, torsional rigidity calculated value and bending firm
Degree calculated value;
3) sensitivity analysis and optimization response model is set up:Set sensitive on the basis of conventional mode, Rigidity Calculation model
Design parameter, optimization response, constraints and optimization aim needed for spending analysis;
4) Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient, Modal sensitivity coefficient and the weight sensitivity coefficient of each part of vehicle body are calculated;
5) according to sensitivity coefficient result of calculation, Optimal Structure Designing is carried out:According to the result of sensitivity analysis, selection is firm
Degree sensitivity coefficient and Modal sensitivity coefficient is small and weight sensitivity coefficient is big part and Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient and mould
State sensitivity coefficient is big and the small part of weight sensitivity coefficient is used as optimization object;
6) CAE analysis checking is carried out to the body structure after optimization, judges whether to meet light-weight design target, if full
Foot, then design is completed;If it is not satisfied, then repeat step 5), until meeting light-weight design target.
Further, the step 1) specific steps include,
A) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up using HyperMesh software pre-treatments;
B) acm unit simulation vehicle body entity solder joints are used;
C) mesh generation is carried out using triangle and quadrilateral mesh unit.
Further, the step 3) specific steps include,
A) design variable is defined:According to can loss of weight part table, set design variable and relating design variable, the present embodiment
In with component thickness as design variable;
B) design constraint:With all-aluminium body mode not less than the modal calculation value, bending stiffness not less than described
Bending stiffness calculated value, torsional rigidity are constraints not less than the torsional rigidity calculated value;
C) optimization receptance function is set:Optimization receptance function is set according to constraints and optimization aim;
D) optimization aim is set:With the minimum optimization aim of all-aluminium body quality;
Further, the step 5) specific optimization method include,
A) it is big to mass sensitivity, and the part small to bending Stiffness Sensitivity, optimize decrease treatment;
B) it is small to mass sensitivity, and the part big to bending Stiffness Sensitivity, carry out reinforcement treatment.
Further, the step 5) specific optimization method include,
A) component thickness is changed:The thinning less part of sensitivity coefficient, thickeies the larger part of sensitivity coefficient;
B) the less part of sensitivity coefficient is removed;
C) section shape or size, or the reinforcement for removing centre are changed;
D) topological optimization is combined, the shape of part is changed;
E) connection between change part and part.
Compared with prior art, a kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis of the present invention
Beneficial effect be:
1) preferable directive function is served in actual Vehicle Body Development, shows very strong engineering practicability, its is excellent
Changing thinking can provide reference for the lightweight of each vehicle analysis;
2) analyzed based on mode and Stiffness Sensitivity, in the case where ensureing that vehicle body traditional performance is not reduced, realize vehicle body
Lightweight, except lightweight direction is provided for design, while also providing reference to improve bending mode and bending rigidity property value;
3) on the basis of existing mode, Rigidity Calculation model, rigidity, mode and the weight of all parts of vehicle body are designed
Sensitivity Analysis, and carry out lightweight optimization on this basis, overall procedure flow is provided for body lightening design
Effective method for designing;
4) specific structural optimization method is proposed so that the design of lightweight body structure more has specific aim;Pin
CAE is carried out to the structure after optimization and is analyzed checking, for whole design provides reliable guarantee.
【Brief description of the drawings】
Fig. 1 is the design procedure flow chart of the present embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the modularized design flow chart of steps of the present embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the FEM model structural representation of all-aluminium body in the present embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is to set up the flow chart of sensitivity analysis and optimization response model in the embodiment of the present invention;
Numeral is represented in figure:
1 front windshield entablature;2nd, left top cover side girders;3rd, right top cover side girders;4th, CCB crossbeams;5th, left sill strip;6th, it is preceding
Air regulator sill;7th, buttress brace;8th, floor front beam;9th, Floor rear crossbeam;10th, preceding floor;11st, luggage case side bar;Subtract before 12
Shake device support;13 seat rear cross beams;14 A posts;Keep out the wind entablature after 15;16 B post outside plates;17 right sill strips;It is horizontal before 18 seats
Beam;19 B post rear triangle window shroudings;20 A column reinforcement plates.
【Specific embodiment】
Embodiment:
Fig. 1-Fig. 2 is refer to, the present embodiment is the all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis,
And with certain model all-aluminium body as design object, it is comprised the following steps:
1) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up.
A) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up using HyperMesh software pre-treatments;
B) acm unit simulation vehicle body entity solder joints are used;
C) mesh generation is carried out using triangle and quadrilateral mesh unit, FEM model is as shown in Figure 3.
2) all-aluminium body mode, rigidity are analyzed, obtain modal calculation value, torsional rigidity calculated value and bending firm
Degree calculated value.
The bending stiffness of body structure, torsional rigidity and mode are the important mechanical property of body structure, these three indexs
Reflect the most basic Static and dynamic performance of body structure.Therefore, the light-weight design based on this characteristic has very strong actual meaning
Justice and application value.The first-order modal of the model all-aluminium body is 38.6Hz, more than desired value 30Hz, meets and requires;Bending is firm
Degree and torsional rigidity curve transition are smoothed, and wherein bending stiffness is 18450N/mm, more than desired value 10000N/m, torsional rigidity
7439Nm/ °, more than 7000Nm/ ° of desired value, it is satisfied by design requirement.
3) sensitivity analysis and optimization response model is set up:Set sensitive on the basis of conventional mode, Rigidity Calculation model
Design parameter, optimization response, constraints and optimization aim needed for spending analysis, its model treatment flow are as shown in Figure 4.
A) design variable is defined:According to can loss of weight part table, set design variable and relating design variable, the present embodiment
In with component thickness as design variable;
B) design constraint:Bending stiffness is not less than not less than modal calculation value, bending stiffness with all-aluminium body mode
Calculated value, torsional rigidity are constraints not less than torsional rigidity calculated value;
C) optimization receptance function is set:Optimization receptance function is set according to constraints and optimization aim;
D) optimization aim is set:With the minimum optimization aim of all-aluminium body quality;
4) Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient, Modal sensitivity coefficient and the weight sensitivity coefficient of each part of vehicle body are calculated, and
Descending sequence;
5) according to sensitivity coefficient ranking results, Optimal Structure Designing is carried out:According to the result of sensitivity analysis, selection is firm
Degree sensitivity coefficient and Modal sensitivity coefficient is small and weight sensitivity coefficient is big part and Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient and mould
State sensitivity coefficient is big and the small part of weight sensitivity coefficient is used as optimization object.Specifically, it is big to mass sensitivity, and it is right
The small part of bending Stiffness Sensitivity, optimizes decrease treatment;It is small to mass sensitivity, and it is big to bending Stiffness Sensitivity
Part, carries out reinforcement treatment.Table 1 is rigidity, mode, weight sensitivity coefficient and the thickness adjustment knot of each part of the all-aluminium body
Really.
The rigidity of each part of the all-aluminium body of table 1, mode, weight sensitivity coefficient and thickness adjustment result
Specific optimization method includes:
A) component thickness is changed:The thinning less part of sensitivity coefficient, thickeies the larger part of sensitivity coefficient.
B) to the less part of sensitivity coefficient, can directly cancel.
C) modular construction, such as change section shape or size, or the reinforcement for removing centre are changed.
D) topological optimization is combined, the shape of part is changed, in the present embodiment, such as B post rear triangle windows shrouding 19, is permitted in structure
Perhaps in the case of, three reinforcements be increased;
E) connection between change part and part, reinforcement structure, in the present embodiment, such as in A column reinforcement plates 20 and A posts 14
Between increase solder joint strengthening connection between the two.
6) CAE analysis checking is carried out to the body structure after optimization, judges whether to meet light-weight design target, if full
Foot, then design is completed;If it is not satisfied, then repeat step 5), until meeting light-weight design target.In the present embodiment, CAE analysis
The result of checking shows the single order Torsion mode frequency 43.3Hz of all-aluminium body, and 4.7Hz is improve compared to original structure;Bending is firm
It is 14579N/mm to spend, although decreased, but meets desired value requirement;Torsional rigidity is 9936Nm/ °, improves 33.5%, this
When, the weight of all-aluminium body reduces 38Kg than original structure, has reached lightweight requirements.
Body structure sensitivity analysis be body structure performance parameter change body structure design parameter is changed it is quick
Perception, is an important ring of optimization design, can significantly improve optimization efficiency.Structural response can be calculated by sensitivity analysis
It is worth the derivative for each design variable, to determine most sensitive to structural response part during design variation, such that it is able to obtain
Obtain most concerned sensitivity coefficient and optimal design parameter.Sensitivity analysis is the basis of structure optimization, by sensitivity point
Analysis, can be divided three classes white body plate:Sensitive plate, insensitive plate and negative sensitive plate.Thicken sensitive plate, thinning
Insensitive plate and negative sensitive plate, it is possible to achieve the performance improvement or light-weight design of white body.
The present embodiment is with the beneficial effect of the all-aluminium body light-weight design method of CAE analysis based on sensitivity:
1) preferable directive function is served in actual Vehicle Body Development, shows very strong engineering practicability, its is excellent
Changing thinking can provide reference for the lightweight of each vehicle analysis;
2) analyzed based on mode and Stiffness Sensitivity, in the case where ensureing that vehicle body traditional performance is not reduced, realize vehicle body
Lightweight, except lightweight direction is provided for design, while also providing reference to improve bending mode and bending rigidity property value;
3) on the basis of existing mode, Rigidity Calculation model, rigidity, mode and the weight of all parts of vehicle body are designed
Sensitivity Analysis, and carry out lightweight optimization on this basis, overall procedure flow is provided for body lightening design
Effective method for designing;
4) specific structural optimization method is proposed so that the design of lightweight body structure more has specific aim;Pin
CAE is carried out to the structure after optimization and is analyzed checking, for whole design provides reliable guarantee.
Above-described is only some embodiments of the present invention.For the person of ordinary skill of the art, not
On the premise of departing from the invention design, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to protection model of the invention
Enclose.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis, it is characterised in that:It includes following step
Suddenly,
1) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up;
2) all-aluminium body mode, rigidity are analyzed, obtain modal calculation value, torsional rigidity calculated value and bending stiffness meter
Calculation value;
3) sensitivity analysis and optimization response model is set up:Sensitivity point is set on the basis of conventional mode, Rigidity Calculation model
Design parameter, optimization response, constraints and optimization aim needed for analysis;
4) Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient, Modal sensitivity coefficient and the weight sensitivity coefficient of each part of vehicle body are calculated;
5) according to sensitivity coefficient result of calculation, Optimal Structure Designing is carried out:According to the result of sensitivity analysis, selection rigidity spirit
Sensitivity coefficient and Modal sensitivity coefficient is small and weight sensitivity coefficient is big part and Stiffness Sensitivity coefficient and mode spirit
Sensitivity coefficient is big and the small part of weight sensitivity coefficient is used as optimization object;
6) CAE analysis checking is carried out to the body structure after optimization, judges whether to meet light-weight design target, if meeting,
Design is completed;If it is not satisfied, then repeat step 5), until meeting light-weight design target.
2. the all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:The step 1) specific steps include,
A) all-aluminium body FEM model is set up using HyperMesh software pre-treatments;
B) acm unit simulation vehicle body entity solder joints are used;
C) mesh generation is carried out using triangle and quadrilateral mesh unit.
3. the all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:The step 3) specific steps include,
A) design variable is defined:According to can loss of weight part table, set design variable and relating design variable, in the present embodiment with
Component thickness is design variable;
B) design constraint:The bending is not less than not less than the modal calculation value, bending stiffness with all-aluminium body mode
Rigidity Calculation value, torsional rigidity are constraints not less than the torsional rigidity calculated value;
C) optimization receptance function is set:Optimization receptance function is set according to constraints and optimization aim;
D) optimization aim is set:With the minimum optimization aim of all-aluminium body quality.
4. the all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:The step 5) specific optimization method include,
A) it is big to mass sensitivity, and the part small to bending Stiffness Sensitivity, optimize decrease treatment;
B) it is small to mass sensitivity, and the part big to bending Stiffness Sensitivity, carry out reinforcement treatment.
5. the all-aluminium body light-weight design method based on sensitivity Yu CAE analysis according to claim 1, its feature exists
In:The step 5) specific optimization method include,
A) component thickness is changed:The thinning less part of sensitivity coefficient, thickeies the larger part of sensitivity coefficient;
B) the less part of sensitivity coefficient is removed;
C) section shape or size, or the reinforcement for removing centre are changed;
D) topological optimization is combined, the shape of part is changed;
E) connection between change part and part.
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