CN106844688A - The plant habitat analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP protects red line demarcation method - Google Patents
The plant habitat analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP protects red line demarcation method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 8
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Abstract
Red line demarcation method is protected the present invention relates to a kind of plant habitat analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP, is comprised the following steps：Step S1. obtains the plant species of red line protection, based on plant species distribution, sets up plant species geographic distribution data storehouse, chooses the crucial plant in the plant species of red line protection；Step S2. sets up the buffering area of each crucial plant protection, and each buffering area of space overlapping, as key area red line, is designated as red line 1；Step S3. screens key preservation area, and carry out geographical space sign and zoning for the plant species of all red lines protection.The focused protection zoning red line based on all plants is drawn, red line 2 is designated as；Step S4. is analyzed by space GAP, and the part of red line 2 is not included in identification red line 1, and superimposed with red line 2, obtains the delimitation result of the overall red line of plant habitat protection.The present invention realizes accurate delimitation red line, has important directive function to the protective capability of bio-diversity hot spot region to improving the effectiveness of wild plant, enhancing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wild animals and plants species and the technical field of bio-diversity conservation, more particularly to a kind of life of plant
Protect the demarcation method of red line in border.
Background technology
Plant is the basic source of ecosystem primary productive force, is the most important components of bio-diversity.The mankind
The sustainable development of society needs effectively protection and rationally utilizes Plant Diversity.As how minimum cost protect most species into
It is one of problem that conservation biology man most pays close attention to.The way for generally using at present is just to determine bio-diversity priority protection area
Domain, corresponding protection zone is set up for these regions.The validity of protection zone had both needed the assessment on space scale, while
There is the effect of time scale.Many evidences show that the speed of current global warming might mean that and survive in low latitudes or low sea
The plant and animal in area of rising sheer from level ground can be migrated little by little to high latitude or high altitude localities, and this results in very fast in climate change
In the case of, in long time scale, existing many nature reserve areas can not effectively protect rare or endangered species.Therefore, it is anxious
Need to analyze with the assessment China protection species resource distribution status of plant, effectiveness and the subject matter for facing, with reference to existing
Nature reserve area, eco-functional regionalization, rationally delimit accurate plant species protection zone.
2013, China proposed ecological red line strategy, steps bio-diversity conservation work and steps on a new stage.It is raw
State red line refers to safeguarding that countries and regions ecological safety and Sustainable Socioeconomic Development have the key of its own strategic significance
Ecological protection region.The delimitation of ecological red line is able to maintain that the minimum area of key species, the ecosystem and germ plasm resource existence,
Effectively protect bio-diversity.The object that ecological red line delimited mainly include crucial animal and its habitat, crucial plant and
Its habitat, keystone ecosystem, bio-diversity maintain region.Plant species protection zone is the important composition portion of ecological red line
Point, it is included in ecological red line.The invention provides the division methods that plant habitat protects red line, the protection of wild plant is improved
Effect, the guard mode in improvement biodiversity hotspot region have directive function.
The content of the invention
In view of above-mentioned analysis, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of plant habitat protection analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP
Red line demarcation method, is used to solve the problems, such as with lacking protection red line in the prior art quantitative, accurate division methods.
The purpose of the present invention is mainly achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of plant habitat analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP is provided and protects red line demarcation method, comprised the following steps：
Step S1. obtains the plant species of red line protection, based on plant species distribution, sets up plant species geographical distribution number
According to storehouse, the crucial plant in the plant species of red line protection is chosen；
Step S2. sets up the buffering area of each crucial plant, and each buffering area of space overlapping, as key area red line, is designated as
Red line 1；
Step S3. screens key preservation area, and carry out geographical space sign for the plant species of all red lines protection
And zoning.The focused protection zoning red line based on all plants is drawn, red line 2 is designated as；
Step S4. is analyzed by space GAP, and the part of red line 2 is not included in identification red line 1, and superimposed with red line 2,
Obtain the delimitation result of the overall red line of plant habitat protection.
Wherein, in step S2, closed based on plant species biotype, distribution characteristics, these three factors division of compromised grade
The type of key plant；Buffering area radius is determined based on type；Same type of crucial plant will be divided into and take unified buffering
Area's radius, different types of crucial plant uses different buffering area radiuses；According to the buffering area radius of each crucial plant, to close
The distributed point of key plant is the center of circle, sets up the buffering area of each crucial plant.
After each buffering area of space overlapping, also include：The intersecting lap of removal buffering area and artificial land covering class
Type region.
Preferably, if the area in the artificial land cover type region of plant distributions point removal is more than 20%,
Selection region carries out area completion in its 2 times of radius buffering areas.
Focused protection zoning is screened in step S3 to further include：Accumulative protection contribution rate based on each zoning, protection
Plant number to mark off priority protection zoning, secondary protection zoning and typically protect zoning, filter out priority protection zoning and secondary guarantor
Shield zoning is used as focused protection zoning.
Zoning is laid special stress on protecting in screening also to be included：Zoning by cumulative area ratio more than 80% is also divided into focused protection area
In the range of drawing, the cumulative area ratio refers to the protection red line area and each zoning area ratio of each zoning.
Preferably, after zoning is laid special stress on protecting in screening, also include：Artificial land cover type area in removal emphasis zoning
Domain.
In step S4 after the delimitation result for obtaining the overall red line of plant habitat protection, also include：Mankind's activity is rejected to use
The step of ground, the mankind's activity land used includes：Artificial forest land, artificial pasture, the artificial water surface, arable land, artificial surface.
The present invention has the beneficial effect that：
The present invention with Top-rated protected wild plants as object, using GIS technology, with coordinate in Plant geographics distribution database
Based on distribution point data, using space overlapping and GAP analysis methods, plant species habitat protection red line delimited, realize standard
Red line really delimited, there is guidance to make to improving the effectiveness of wild plant, the guard mode in improvement biodiversity hotspot region
With being scientifically to delimit China ecological protection red line service.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will be illustrated in the following description, also, the partial change from specification
Obtain it is clear that or being understood by implementing the present invention.The purpose of the present invention and other advantages can be by the explanations write
Specifically noted structure is realized and obtained in book, claims and accompanying drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing is only used for showing the purpose of specific embodiment, and is not considered as limitation of the present invention, in whole accompanying drawing
In, identical reference symbol represents identical part.
Fig. 1 is I grade of distribution map of protection plant of country；
Fig. 2 is species quantity at county level distribution and the protection level schematic diagram of all red line plants；
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that crucial plant key area red line is superimposed with focused protection zoning red line；
Fig. 4 is that the Global Macros red line of China key plant delimit PRELIMINARY RESULTS schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the Global Macros red line schematic diagram of China key plant；
Fig. 6 is the flow chart of the demarcation method of plant habitat protection red line.
Specific embodiment
The preferred embodiments of the present invention are specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein, accompanying drawing constitutes the application part, and
It is used to explain principle of the invention together with embodiments of the present invention.
A specific embodiment of the invention, discloses a kind of plant habitat protection analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP
The demarcation method of red line, such as Fig. 6, specifically include following steps：
Step S1. obtains the plant species of red line protection, based on plant species distribution, sets up plant species geographical distribution number
According to storehouse, the crucial plant in red line protection plant is chosen.
So that the plant habitat protection red line of China delimited as an example, the acquisition of red line protection plant is reference to embodiment《Country
Top-rated protected wild plants register》, the plant species that all plants listed in the register are protected as red line are chosen, amount to
2261 kinds of plants (including subspecies and mutation)；The crucial plant that wherein I grade protection plant is protected as red line, amounts to 1009 kinds of passes
Key plant, accounts for the 44.62% of total species.
The distribution of each plant species in register is determined by following network data base：(1) Chinese Plants will electronic edition；
(2) Flora of China electronic editions；(3) Chinese Digital Herbarium；(4) Chinese Higher information plant system；(5) China
Plant species information database；(6) term is " plant list ", the academic journal delivered of the field such as " plant distributions ".
Distribution based on each plant species, sets up the crucial plant list of national scale and the geographic distribution data storehouse of plant species.
Step S2. divides the type of crucial plant, and buffering area radius is determined based on type, draws the buffering of each crucial plant
Area, as key area red line, is designated as red line 1.
For the crucial plant chosen in step S1, using the distribution (such as Fig. 1) of crucial plant in geographic distribution data storehouse,
Carry out key area delimitation.Specific method is：First, the distributing position of the crucial plant that will be recorded in geographic distribution data storehouse turns
Change longitude and latitude into, based on the distributed point that latitude and longitude coordinates are represented, the distributed point figure layer of crucial plant is drawn using ArcGIS；
Then crucial vegetation type is divided according to the species biotype of crucial plant, distribution characteristics, this 3 factors of compromised grade；
Buffering area radius is determined based on type；Same type of crucial plant will be divided into and take unified buffering area radius, inhomogeneity
The crucial plant of type uses different buffering area radiuses；According to the buffering area radius of each crucial plant, with the distribution of crucial plant
Point is the center of circle, the buffering area of each crucial plant is set up, as the key area of each crucial plant protection；Finally by space overlapping
Technology, is superimposed key area, and remove intersecting lap and artificial land cover type region.If certain distributed point is removed
Artificial land area coverage more than 20%, then selection can develop into the part of key area and enter in its 2 times of radius buffering areas
Row area completion.By above-mentioned treatment, the key area red line of all crucial plants is drawn, be designated as red line 1.
The biotype refers to arbor, shrub, herbaceous plant, and buffering area radius should be arbor ＞ shrub ＞ draft；
The distribution characteristics refers to the distributed point number of each plant species, wherein, with the plant category below 5 distributed points
In local distribution, each distributed point should have the buffering area of larger area；Plants more than 5 distributed points belongs to wide distribution,
Then distributed point has the buffering area compared with small area；
The compromised grade specifically includes pole danger, in imminent danger, easy danger, nearly danger, foundation《Chinese biological diversity red name
Record --- higher plant is rolled up》Determine the threated degree grade of each plant.According to IUCN Red Lists (World Conservation Union
Endangered species Red List) assessment result, the species of compromised most serious should enjoy the buffering area area of maximum.
According to above-mentioned 3 factors, the buffering area radius of all types of crucial plants is determined.Table 1 is illustrated in the present embodiment not
The buffering area radius of the crucial plant of same type determines result, but the invention is not limited in the value of following table.
The different type of table 1 key plant buffering area radius distance (km)
Step S3. screens key area, and carry out geographical space sign and zoning for all protection plants.Draw base
In the focused protection zoning red line of all plants, red line 2 is designated as.
Plant is protected for all of red line, the screening in Counties (city) is carried out using geographic distribution data storehouse.City-level city
Belong to same level concept in screening with county, represent the implication in administrative division region, therefore hereafter the local level such as Jiang Shi, county is other
Administrative division, is referred to as zoning.Specific method is：First, the whole nation is distributed with each county (city) foundation that red line protects plant
Then species quantity comprising protection plant carries out the species that red line protects plant from being more to ranked up less to each county (city)
Accumulation, calculates accumulative protection contribution rate；Different protection class are divided based on accumulative protection contribution rate, protection species number, specifically
It is divided into priority protection zoning, secondary protection zoning and typically protects zoning.Above-mentioned species accumulation is that each county (city) is protected
Species carry out cumulative calculation, and accumulative protection contribution rate is the species number (species accumulation) of protection and all counties in county (city) zoning
In (city) zoning it is total the need for the ratio between the species number protected.
The criteria for classifying of the present embodiment protection class is as follows：
When species number >=100 kind of protection are accumulated in accumulative protection contribution rate to 80%, each zoning, by these zonings
It is defined as priority protection zoning；
When species number >=30 kind of protection are accumulated in accumulative protection contribution rate to 90%, each zoning, by these zonings
It is defined as secondary protection zoning；
When species number >=10 kind of protection are accumulated in accumulative protection contribution rate to 95%, each zoning, by these zonings
It is defined as typically protecting zoning.
The invention is not limited in above three protection class, more grades, more levels can be carried out as needed
Divide.The specific criteria for classifying can carry out the criteria for classifying according to influence factors such as actual geographic condition, vegetation distribution and species numbers
And its adjustment of number range.
The present embodiment is according to China's actual conditions, and the specific red line Zoning for dividing is following (Fig. 2)：
Priority protection zoning (50,24.74 ten thousand square kilometres, protect total Number of Species >=100 kind)；
Secondary protection zoning (175,57.33 ten thousand square kilometres, protect total Number of Species >=30 kind)；
General protection zoning (237,140.88 ten thousand square kilometres, protect total Number of Species >=10 kind).
In summary protection contribution result is added up, by the first two grade --- priority protection zoning and secondary protection zone delimited
The focused protection zoning that justice delimited for red line；Using GIS software, the artificial land cover type region in emphasis zoning is removed,
The emphasis zoning red line based on all plants is obtained, red line 2 is designated as.
Emphasis zoning red line can be combined with cumulative area ratio, and the cumulative area ratio refers to that the protection of each zoning is red
Line area and each zoning area ratio, the zoning by cumulative area ratio more than 80% are also divided into above-mentioned focused protection zoning model
In enclosing, then by behind removal artificial land cover type region, obtaining emphasis zoning red line.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram that crucial plant key area red line is superimposed with focused protection zoning red line.
Step S4. is analyzed by space GAP, and the part of red line 2 is not included in identification red line 1, and superimposed with red line 2,
Obtain the delimitation PRELIMINARY RESULTS (Fig. 4) of the overall red line of plant habitat protection；The mankind's activity land used delimited in PRELIMINARY RESULTS is rejected,
Obtain final Global Macros red line and delimit result (Fig. 5).
The GAP is analyzed for finding out the region that protect, without putting under；The region that should not be protected but is protected
The region of shield.
In real operation, it is considered to social economy's people's livelihood, enter to delimiting the mankind's activity land used (a~e) in PRELIMINARY RESULTS
Row is rejected, and the land cover pattern gross area being specifically removed is 19.50 ten thousand sq-kms, accounts for the 2.03% of national area, concrete kind
Do not include：
A. artificial forest land：Including arbor field, shrub field, arbor greenery patches, shrub greenery patches；
B. artificial pasture：Refer to draft greenery patches；
C. the artificial water surface：Including reservoir/swag, canal/water channel；
D. plough：Including paddy field and nonirrigated farmland；
E. artificial surface：Residence, industrial land, traffic safety engineering and stope.
After mankind's activity land used is rejected, the Global Macros red line for obtaining China key plant delimit result to embodiment, protect
The area that shield red line delimited is 72.57 ten thousand sq-kms, accounts for national area 7.56%.
It should be noted that the data processing in embodiment is carried out by ArcGIS, but the invention is not limited in
ArcGIS softwares, using other GIS softwares, spatial analysis module realize the above method also invention protection
Within the scope of.
In sum, the division methods that a kind of plant habitat protects red line are the embodiment of the invention provides, the present invention is with weight
Point protection wild plant is object, using GIS technology, based on coordinate distribution point data in Plant geographics distribution database,
Using space overlapping and GAP analysis methods, plant species habitat protection red line delimited, accurate delimitation red line realized, to improving
The effectiveness of wild plant, the guard mode in enhancing biodiversity hotspot region have directive function, are scientifically to delimit me
State's ecological protection red line service.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of flow of above-described embodiment method is realized, can be by meter
Calculation machine program is completed to command the hardware of correlation, and described program can be stored in computer-readable recording medium.Wherein, institute
It is disk, CD, read-only memory or random access memory etc. to state computer-readable recording medium.
The above, the only present invention preferably specific embodiment, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of plant habitat analyzed based on space overlapping and GAP protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that including following
Step：
Step S1. obtains the plant species of red line protection, based on plant species distribution, sets up plant species geographic distribution data
Storehouse, chooses the crucial plant in the plant species of red line protection；
Step S2. sets up the buffering area of each crucial plant protection, and each buffering area of space overlapping, as key area red line, is designated as
Red line 1；
Step S3. screens key preservation area, and carry out geographical space sign and area for the plant species of all red lines protection
Draw, draw the focused protection zoning red line based on all plants, be designated as red line 2；
Step S4. is analyzed by space GAP, and the part of red line 2 is not included in identification red line 1, and superimposed with red line 2, is obtained
The delimitation result of the overall red line of plant habitat protection.
2. plant habitat according to claim 1 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that in step S2, based on plant
Thing species biotype, distribution characteristics, the type of the crucial plant of compromised grade these three factors division；Determine to buffer based on type
Area's radius；Same type of crucial plant will be divided into and take unified buffering area radius, different types of crucial plant uses
Different buffering area radiuses；According to the buffering area radius of each crucial plant, the distributed point with crucial plant sets up each pass as the center of circle
The buffering area of key plant.
3. plant habitat according to claim 1 and 2 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that space overlapping is each slow
After rushing area, also include：The intersecting lap of removal buffering area and artificial land cover type region.
4. plant habitat according to claim 3 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that if a plant distributions point
More than 20%, then selection region carries out face to the area in the artificial land cover type region of removal in its 2 times of radius buffering areas
Product completion.
5. plant habitat according to claim 1 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that screen emphasis in step S3
Protection zoning is further included：Accumulative protection contribution rate based on each zoning, protection species number mark off priority protection zoning, secondary
Zoning and general protection zoning are protected, priority protection zoning and secondary protection zoning is filtered out as focused protection zoning.
6. plant habitat according to claim 5 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that screen emphasis in step S3
Protection zoning also includes：Zoning by cumulative area ratio more than 80% is also divided into the range of focused protection zoning, described tired
Meter area ratio refers to the protection red line area and each zoning area ratio of each zoning.
7. the plant habitat according to claim 1 or 5 or 6 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that step S3 is screened
After laying special stress on protecting zoning, also include：Artificial land cover type region in removal emphasis zoning.
8. plant habitat according to claim 1 protects red line demarcation method, it is characterised in that planted in step S4
After the delimitation result of the overall red line of thing habitat protection, also include：The step of rejecting mankind's activity land used, the mankind's activity land used
Including：Artificial forest land, artificial pasture, the artificial water surface, arable land, artificial surface.
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| CN111815102A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-10-23 | 中国环境科学研究院 | Comprehensive biodiversity investigation sampling method based on space technology |
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| CN112418596A (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2021-02-26 | 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心 | Biodiversity protection planning method |
| CN112418596B (en) * | 2020-10-12 | 2022-10-11 | 中国科学院计算机网络信息中心 | Biodiversity protection planning method |
| CN114240198A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-03-25 | 国家海洋环境监测中心 | Method for offshore biodiversity protection based on GAP analysis |
| CN116304991A (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-06-23 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Multi-source heterogeneous species distribution data fusion method and device |
| CN116304991B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-08 | 广东省科学院广州地理研究所 | Multi-source heterogeneous species distribution data fusion method and device |
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