CN106844622A - A kind of total space information expression method and total space information system - Google Patents
A kind of total space information expression method and total space information system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of total space information expression method and total space information system, the method is comprised the following steps:The static description of total space information:Total space information includes the position coordinates (x, y, z) of spatial entities in physical world and natural quality information, and the network virtual world;Increase time attribute, be static spatial entities additional period mark, realize the Dynamic profiling of total space information;Place name address mark, the address grid code identification under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion are provided, to realize between different spatial entities based on the association and integration in geospatial location or scope.The system includes spatial entities basic description module, time marking module with ground address (ADDR mark module.The present invention for realize to Dynamic profiling of all spatial entities with positional information in virtual world in physical world with merge exchange, realize spatial entities, the geographical position of thematic data, natural quality, time attribute unify space-time datum under total space information representation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to survey and draw geographical information space expression technology field, specifically a kind of total space information expression method and
Total space information system.
Background technology
In recent years, with the development and popularization of information and mechanics of communication, domestic digital urban construction have been achieved with it is numerous into
Really, smart city construction is current upsurge.Before the development and construction of smart city bring to Chinese city planning and management
Not some opportunities and challenges, in mapping area of geographic information, the basic space-time concept(ion) hair of Traditionalcity planning and management object
A new stage is opened up.
There are two challenges of aspect in the new stage:First, in time, the significantly shortening of current time interval, number
According to real time and dynamic demand constantly increase.The time interval of Traditionalcity planning is typically 10 years 5 years, 20 years or even longer
Time, the collection of base surveying data often also has 1 year, 2 years, a time interval of 5 years, but information technology, Internet technology
With the application of real-time big data, make urban planning, the possibility reaction time of data acquisition shortens to several days, several hours, or even
A few minutes, many source datas related to position are all being produced at any time and any place.At the same time, planning and data
It is static to dynamic transformation using experiencing.Traditional urban planning and management depends on static data, but largely
The application of real time data can more easily grasp the flowing wherein of the dynamic change and people and thing in city.New city body
System is no longer a system for static balancing, and dynamic and imbalance will be normalities.Second, from spatially, the essence of spatial data
Degree more and more higher, greatly improves the precision of city management, the application of big data, improves data separate efficiency and accurate
Degree, but simultaneously city each department's (territory, planning etc.) all in the geographical unit stroke unique according to own service Foundation
Minute mark is accurate, causes that multi-source Spatial Data is not consistent on basic space cell, lacks unified, standard Geographic Reference
System, causes data to be difficult to merge.
Therefore, at this stage in the urgent need to an expression for complicated space time information, realize for space time information
Comprehensively, system administration and application, based on this, the present invention proposes a kind of total space information expression method, and researches and develops data representation system
System carries out specific design to it and realizes.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of total space information expression method and total space information system, realize for institute
There is the fusion with station location marker information to exchange, to solve the problems, such as to be proposed in above-mentioned background technology.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides following technical scheme:
A kind of total space information expression method, comprises the following steps:
The static description of A, total space information:Total space information include physical world in spatial entities position coordinates (x, y,
Z) with natural quality information, and using IP address, URL to computer or the network virtual world of the station location marker of user;
B, increase time attribute, are static spatial entities additional period mark, realize the Dynamic profiling of total space information;
C, place name address mark, the address grid code identification provided under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion, to realize different spaces
Based on the association and integration in geospatial location or scope between entity.
As further scheme of the invention:Physical world includes ground entity and underground entity, and ground entity is divided into room
It is interior with it is outdoor, underground entity include underground utilities, underground traffic and underground activities place.
As further scheme of the invention:In step A, the static description of total space information passes through spatial entities basic description
Module realizes that spatial entities include two kinds of essential characteristics:Spatial data and attributive character.
As further scheme of the invention:Spatial data includes but is not limited to vector data, image data, three-dimensional data
With real time position data.
As further scheme of the invention:In step B, it is by the static data of structuring, non-knot to increase time attribute
The stream data injection length mark of structure, the geographical entity spatial cuboids model that formation is constituted with time, space, attribute.
As further scheme of the invention:In step C, for the spatial entities with locus coordinate, directly exist
Coordinate matching is carried out under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion;General place name without clear and definite coordinate information, carries out Spatial Semantics conversion first;On ground
Under the support of the location grid coding bank of geographical names, the information that general place name is described is obtained by lexical analysis tool, choose suitable level
Dough sheet, dough sheet mark is directly obtained using based on the address grid of narrow sense place name coding and is encoded as with reference to dough sheet, Ran Hougen
According to area size, deviation angle and side-play amount, geocoding algebraic operation is relied on, obtain the unique address net of description general place name
Trellis coding, realizes association of the spatial entities with thematic information under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion and merges.
As further scheme of the invention:Address grid coding be on the basis of GeoSOT grids and encoding model,
Consider address grid coding rule obtained in the feature of place name address geo location model.
As further scheme of the invention:Address grid is encoded to combinational code, is made up of 32 16 binary digits;Preceding 31
Position is body code, and last 1 is check code.
As further scheme of the invention:Arrangement should be followed successively by address grid coding from left to right:9 bit address zonings are compiled
Code section, 17 bit address grid codings section, 5 bit address height coding sections, 1 bit digital check code, altogether 128bit.
A kind of total space information system for realizing total space information expression method, including spatial entities basic description module,
Time marking module, address (ADDR mark module;
Wherein, the spatial entities basic description module memory module, for the spatial coordinate location letter to spatial data
Breath is described;
The time marking module, for adding time marking for multi-source heterogeneous spatial data;
Described ground address (ADDR mark module, for being multi-source heterogeneous spatial data addition place name address mark, address grid
Code identification.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The System and method for that the present invention is provided, on the basis of standardization, the comprehensive expression for completing static geographical space,
Increase time attribute, time sequence is carried out to spatial information, realize the Dynamic profiling of geographical space, and emphasize the ground of spatial information
Reason matching, to realize being exchanged for all fusions with station location marker information, geographical entity, thematic number under unified space-time datum
According to geographical position, natural quality, time attribute total space information representation.The present invention is realized for above and below ground, interior
The spacial multi-angle integrality description of outdoor, physical world virtual world, emphasis causes the time attribute of data dynamic evolution, and
The fusion of the multi-source heterogeneous data related to position is realized by place name address mark, address grid code identification.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is total space information expression method concept map of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is total space information expression method flow chart of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the address grid coding structure schematic diagram of ground of the invention address (ADDR mark module;
Fig. 4 is Spatial Semantics flow path switch of the present invention based on address grid coding;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of total space information system provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the total space information system specific embodiment schematic diagram one that the present invention is provided.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described,
Obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based in the present invention
Embodiment, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, all
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
With reference to the accompanying drawings, a kind of total space information expression method and the total space information system of present invention offer are provided
System.
Embodiment 1
As shown in figure 1, in the embodiment of the present invention, a kind of total space information expression method, including herein below:
Total space packet contains following two layers of meaning:(1) " total space " refers to the solid space based on epigeosphere, both
Including traditional open space, such as arable land, river, vegetation, the space of building ground entity, also including meeting urban development
The space of the underground entities such as underground traffic, underground utilities, the underground people's air defense of demand;Both the exterior space is included, also including Interior Space
Between, and realize indoor and outdoor, above and below ground integration;(2) " full information " had both included space, time, the attribute of spatial entities
Steric information, also including with position as tie, other thematic informations of fusion being identified by ground address (ADDR, main expression way includes
The much information expression shape that polar plot, striograph, threedimensional model, laser point cloud, infrared image and other sensing equipments are obtained
Formula.
100:The total space is expressed
So far, focused mostly in atural objects such as river, road, vegetation and buildings for the cognition of spatial dimension both at home and abroad
In outdoor three-dimensional scenic based on data, however, in real world, building is mostly important key element in city, therefore,
Combining various Indoor environment scenes can just deserve to be called a complete spatial dimension.The skills such as mobile communication, wireless location
The fast development of art provides good technological means by the interior space that people are understood to relying on, in this field, we
May recognize that and grasp each link of interior, carry out interior micro- space, continuously, the analysis such as feature, foundation is suitable for interior
Space topological model, steric course analysis model in research department realizes indoor entity management.
Although people are lived in physical world, however as the development of digitizing technique and network technology, information age
Significant product --- virtual world arises at the historic moment.Virtual world can be understood as with " 0 ", " 1 " digital form go expression and
The space of things and its relation is constituted, people of today are lived in the intersecting space of actual situation.It is corresponding with real world,
Virtual world is another new space of people's existence;Again completely different with real world, virtual world shows many only
Some features.
In real world, entity position in space can directly describe, or use phase with geographical coordinate
To the relative position of the expression such as orientation and distance relation, and place name, the semantic locations information of address mark, it is used to describe geography
Location, social event spot, path of mobile target of entity or key element etc.;Under virtual environment, can with IP address,
URL describes computer or customer location.
200:Full information is expressed
As shown in figure 1, " full information " is real with virtual world comprising real world in the total space information expression method
Body, event comprehensive (indoor and outdoor in transverse direction, on longitudinal direction above and below ground) information spatially." full information " refers to from difference
The information that angle is expressed target entity/event, including basic geometric coordinate, attribute information description, also including the time
It is upper it is comprehensive (including it is past, present and predicted it is following) information, and spatial entities, thematic data etc. ground
Address (ADDR identification information.
As shown in Fig. 2 comprising the following steps to the total space information expression method flow:
The static description of A, total space information;
B, increase time attribute, are static spatial entities additional period mark, realize the Dynamic profiling of total space information;
C, place name address mark, the address grid code identification provided under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion, to realize different geography
Based on the association and integration in specific geographic locus or scope between entity.
2001:The static description of total space information
Static spatial entities include two kinds of essential characteristics:Spatial data and attributive character.Spatial data is physical world
Operation object of the spatial entities in virtual world, data source includes indoor digital and field acquisition, and from other
The feature that the Spatial Semantics of data are converted to be demonstrated by the position coordinates (x, y, z) of spatial entities, size, shape, direction with
And geometric topo-relationship, attributive character is demonstrated by other attributive character beyond the space attribute of spatial entities, mainly to sky
Between data explanation.A such as city point, its attribute data has population, GDP, green percentage etc. description indexes.According to data
The difference of form, data type, spatial data can be divided into vector data, image data, three-dimensional data, real time position data etc.
Expression-form.
2002:Increase time attribute, be static spatial entities additional period mark, realize that the dynamic of total space information is retouched
State
To adapt to geographical Spatial distributions evolution, " spatial development sequential " can be carried out by force with use time mark module
Adjust, to realize that " rolling " for spatial entities is managed, for the lifecycle management for implementing geographical space lays the foundation.
By the static data of structuring, non-structured stream data, injection length mark, you can formed with time, sky
Between, attribute constitute geographical entity spatial cuboids model.Time marking injection molding block records the ageing of the data.
2003:Place name address mark, the address grid code identification under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion are provided, to realize different ground
Based on the association and integration in specific geographic locus or scope between reason entity
For traditional base surveying geographic information data, the geographical entity space that use time, space, attribute are constituted is stood
Cube model can complete description, however, realistic space also includes substantial amounts of thematic data, only complete basic data with special topic
The convergence of data, is only the expression for realizing total space information.
Other thematic informations for converging, some carry locus coordinate information, by after unified space-time datum, you can
With completion;Partly itself there is no spatial coordinated information, but contained place name address in attribute item;Some is to contain
Some ddps genes, will combine Chinese word segmenting and data comparison technology, be recognized by the unification based on semantic and ontology volume
Know, extract place name spectrum signature.
For the information content with locus coordinate, direct coordinate matching.Other thematic informations are extracted according to identification
The place name address information for going out, sets up cutting sequence and logical combination relation containing place name mark, carry out based on participle, body and
Various matchings of word similitude, propose the disambiguation method after On Local Fuzzy matching, realize ground efficiently, precisely, practical
The matching of name address.
Ground address (ADDR mark module address grid coding basic ideas be:On GeoSOT grids and the basis of encoding model
On, consider the various features of place name address geo location model, design a set of unified, multiple dimensioned, homologous isomorphism in the whole world
Address grid coding rule, support various information of place names and province, city (area, state, alliance), county (city, area, flag), township (town, street
Road), Jie Lu lanes (cell, village), building building, the integrated fine grid blockses coding of the address information such as family room.
GeoSOT grids are a set of global subdivision grids that Peking University proposes, full name is based on the one-dimensional integer array ground of 2n
Manage global subdivision grid (the Geographical coordinate global Subdivision based on One- of coordinate
Dimension-integer and Two ton-th power), abbreviation GeoSOT grids.The core thinking of GeoSOT grids
It is:Extended by three earth and (earth expanded to 512 ° × 512 °, 64 ' are expanded to by 1 °, 64 ") are expanded to 1 ', realized
Whole degree, whole point of quaternary tree subdivision, formed one up to the earth (0 grade), under to Centimeter Level bin (32 grades) it is multiple dimensioned four fork
Mesh of trees.
GeoSOT grids are relied on, according to address and the mapping relations of GeoSOT grids, for a set of whole nation unification is designed in address
Address grid coding, the coding not only has geographical implication, goes back the part basis information of implicit address.
As shown in figure 3, the address grid code Design of ground address (ADDR mark module is combinational code, by 32 16 binary digits groups
Into.First 31 is body code, and last 1 is check code.Arrangement from left to right should be followed successively by:9 bit address zoning coding sections, 17
Address grid coding section, 5 bit address height coding sections, 1 bit digital check code, altogether 128bit.
In natural language description, the mankind get used to " locus (narrow sense place name)+deviation angle+offset distance " four
Tuple describes a place name address (locus), such as " to the west of Tian An-men at 15km ".The address of this kind of general place name cannot
Directly positioning mark, need to first carry out Spatial Semantics conversion.
As shown in figure 4, the thinking of the Spatial Semantics conversion based on address grid coding is:The bank of geographical names is encoded in address grid
Support under, the general place name description that cannot directly position for above-mentioned obtains general place name and describes by lexical analysis tool
The information such as " locus (narrow sense place name)+deviation angle+offset distance ", the dough sheet of suitable level is chosen, with narrow sense place name
Directly obtained based on grid coding dough sheet mark as with reference to dough sheet coding, then according to area size, deviation angle and partially
Shifting amount, relies on geocoding algebraic operation, the address grid coding of quick obtaining general place name description.
Such as:General place name description " Peking University eastwards 5 km ", by after lexical analysis tool, obtain " Peking University ",
The address descriptor element informations such as " east ", " 5 km ".Peking University is inquired about in the bank of geographical names, the geocoding of Peking University is obtained
It is (G001310322232023+1,2) to determine that subdivision level is 15 grades, Ran Houyou according to 5 kms and Peking University's station location marker
5 kilometer range sizes and the 15th grade of dough sheet broadwise length are 0.78 km, determine side-play amount for 6 dough sheets, therefore Peking University
Polymerization dough sheet identification code with the region is (G001310322232023+1,7), and upper right angle point is retouched as general place name
State the geocoding G001310322232133 of " Peking University eastwards 5 km ".
A kind of total space information system that can realize above-mentioned total space information expression method for providing the present invention below
Illustrate, as shown in figure 5, including spatial entities basic description module, time marking module, address (ADDR mark module;
100:Spatial entities basic description module
The spatial entities basic description module, for including vector data, image data, three-dimensional data, place name ground
Location and building data, historical geography information data, perspective long-term plan geographic information data, real time position data, Internet of Things intelligence
Perception data, the stream data of real-time perception are described in the spatial coordinate location information of interior spatial data.
200:Time marking module
The time marking module, for adding time marking for multi-source heterogeneous spatial data.
300:Ground address (ADDR mark module
Described ground address (ADDR mark module, for being multi-source heterogeneous spatial data addition place name address mark, address grid
Code identification.
Meanwhile, system support multi-temporal data combination, superposition, visualization and amplification, diminution, roaming, front view, after
The functions of browse such as view, and can be by animation, dynamic symbol and color analog variation;With three-dimensional range function, support dragging,
Slip, offline mode;Support various visual angles browse, including look squarely, look up, depression angle.
Fig. 6 is according to total space information expression method concept connotation and key technology, the total space information system of research and development, exhibition
The expression and management for ground 3D solid and subsurface three-dimensional pipeline are shown.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that the invention is not restricted to the details of above-mentioned one exemplary embodiment, Er Qie
In the case of without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be in other specific forms realized.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, embodiment all should be regarded as exemplary, and be nonrestrictive, the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Profit requires to be limited rather than described above, it is intended that all in the implication and scope of the equivalency of claim by falling
Change is included in the present invention.
Moreover, it will be appreciated that although the present specification is described in terms of embodiments, not each implementation method is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical scheme, this narrating mode of specification is only that for clarity, those skilled in the art should
Specification an as entirety, the technical scheme in each embodiment can also be formed into those skilled in the art through appropriately combined
May be appreciated other embodiment.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of total space information expression method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
The static description of A, total space information:Total space information include physical world in spatial entities position coordinates (x, y, z) and
Natural quality information, and using IP address, URL to computer or the network virtual world of the station location marker of user;
B, increase time attribute, are static spatial entities additional period mark, realize the Dynamic profiling of total space information;
C, place name address mark, the address grid code identification provided under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion, to realize different spatial entities
Between based on the association and integration in geospatial location or scope.
2. total space information expression method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that physical world include ground entity with
Underground entity, ground entity is divided into indoor and outdoor, and underground entity includes underground utilities, underground traffic and underground activities place.
3. total space information expression method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step A, total space information is static
Description realizes that spatial entities include two kinds of essential characteristics by spatial entities basic description module:Spatial data and attributive character.
4. total space information expression method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that spatial data includes but is not limited to arrow
Amount data, image data, three-dimensional data and real time position data.
5. total space information expression method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step B, increasing time attribute is
The static data of structuring, non-structured stream data injection length are identified, formation is constituted with time, space, attribute
Geographical entity spatial cuboids model.
6. total space information expression method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step C, for space bit
The spatial entities of coordinate are put, directly coordinate matching is carried out under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion;General place name without clear and definite coordinate information, it is first
First carry out Spatial Semantics conversion;Under the support of the address grid coding bank of geographical names, general place name is obtained by lexical analysis tool
The information of description, chooses the dough sheet of suitable level, and dough sheet mark is directly obtained based on the address grid coding of narrow sense place name
Encoded as with reference to dough sheet, then according to area size, deviation angle and side-play amount, rely on geocoding algebraic operation, obtained
The unique address grid coding of general place name is described, realize spatial entities and thematic information associating under unified spatio-temporal distribution criterion and
Fusion.
7. total space information expression method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that address grid coding is in GeoSOT
On the basis of grid and encoding model, address grid coding obtained in the feature of place name address geo location model is considered
Rule.
8. total space information expression method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that address grid is encoded to combinational code,
It is made up of 32 16 binary digits;First 31 is body code, and last 1 is check code.
9. total space information expression method according to claim 8, it is characterised in that address grid coding is arranged from left to right
Row should be followed successively by:9 bit address zoning coding sections, 17 bit address grid codings section, the verification of 5 bit address height coding sections, 1 bit digital
Code, altogether 128bit.
10. a kind of total space information system for realizing the total space information expression method as described in claim 1-9 is any, it is special
Levy and be, including spatial entities basic description module, time marking module, address (ADDR mark module;
Wherein, the spatial entities basic description module memory module, enters for the spatial coordinate location information to spatial data
Row description;
The time marking module, for adding time marking for multi-source heterogeneous spatial data;
Described ground address (ADDR mark module, for being multi-source heterogeneous spatial data addition place name address mark, address grid coding
Mark.
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