CN106842305B - A kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field - Google Patents
A kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field, belongs to seismic data processing field, it is intended to quickly determine the optimal order of seismic signal score field using fuzzy field, simplify optimal order calculating process.Single-channel seismic signal is read in first, and blurring mapping is done to input signal；Then the time width and bandwidth for calculating signal seek signal and are based on the smallest window function of time-frequency bandwidth product, and do blurring mapping to window function；Low-pass filtering is done to the blurring mapping of signal using the ambiguity function of window function；Calculate direction gradient of the seismic signal from the horizontal and vertical both direction of the ambiguity function of item；Singular value decomposition is carried out to direction gradient matrix, calculates principal direction of the seismic signal from item ambiguity function；The score field optimal order of seismic signal is calculated finally by principal direction.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seismic data processing fields, and in particular to a kind of seismic signal score field based on fuzzy field is optimal
Rank calculation method.
Background technique
Fourier Transform of Fractional Order (fractional Fourier transform, FrFT) is also referred to as angle Fourier change
It changes, is the generalized form of Fourier transformation.FrFT is done to signal, that is, signal is transformed into score field.FrFT has multiple
Order is converted, different transformation orders has different transformation results, a kind of only unique transformation knot of the Fourier transformation of signal
Fruit.FrFT is introduced field of signal processing by Almeida (1994), gives the physical significance of FrFT, and meaning is signal
FrFT operation is rotation of the signal on time-frequency plane, and tentatively proposes FrFT and combine with traditional Time-Frequency Analysis Method and divided
The thought of number field Time-Frequency Analysis Method.FrFT is introduced into traditional time frequency analysis, due to the transformation diversity of FrFT, to provide height
The time frequency analysis result of resolution ratio provides possibility.
In general, in numerous transformation orders, there is the time-frequency of the corresponding score field time frequency analysis result of an order
Resolution ratio highest, this order are referred to as the optimal order of score field time frequency analysis.The optimal order of score field Time-Frequency Analysis Method has
A variety of calculation methods.Capus and Brown (2003) proposes global optimum and the fractional order Fourier in short-term of local optimum becomes
It changes, and optimal order is calculated by the linear frequency modulation rate of calculating signal；When Durak and Arikan (2003) utilizes score field minimum
Bandwidth product calculates the optimal order of signal；Akan etc. (2007) proposes the spectral norm ratio most subtotal using time frequency analysis result
The method for calculating optimal order.Shi Jun etc. (2010) removes white Gaussian noise with score field wavelet transformation, and denoising mean square error
The smallest order is as optimal order.
Due to score field Time-Frequency Analysis Method resolution ratio with higher, Chen Hong etc. (2011) is first fractional order Gabor
Transformation applies to seismic signal Spectral Imaging Technology, and searches for fractional order Gabor using the smallest method of broad sense time-frequency bandwidth product
The optimal order of transformation.Research with score field Time-Frequency Analysis Method in seismic signal field deepens continuously, Chen Ying frequency etc.
(2011) score field Time-Frequency Analysis Method is applied into seismic data processing, searches for earthquake using score field amplitude maximum method
The optimal order of signal；Field beautiful jade etc. searches for the optimal order of seismic signal using score field coefficient of kurtosis maximization approach；Wang Yuqing etc.
(2015) optimal order of the method search seismic signal using score field second order away from minimum.
FrFT transformation is carried out to signal, is substantially to be decomposed to signal with linear FM signal.Seismic signal is more
The frequency modulation rate of component signal, the linear FM signal that signal is included is unknown, therefore cannot be by the linear tune of signal itself
Frequency directly calculates score field optimal order, therefore the method that above-mentioned score field Time-Frequency Analysis Method all uses traversal search,
Operand is larger.FrFT transformation is done to seismic signal, some linear FM signal can be found and be dominant, what this was dominant
The frequency modulation rate of linear FM signal is the optimal order of seismic signal.The ambiguity function of single linear FM signal is fuzzy flat
The straight line for crossing origin on face for one, and the slope of straight line is exactly the frequency modulation rate of linear FM signal.The present invention turns seismic signal
Change to fuzzy field, the optimal order of seismic signal is directly calculated using the principal direction of seismic signal ambiguity function.
Summary of the invention
The seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field that the present invention provides a kind of, it is intended to which earthquake is believed
Number it is transformed into fuzzy field, can directly calculate seismic signal optimal order.
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, reach above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field, the described method comprises the following steps:
Step 1: one single-channel seismic signal s (t) of input does blurring mapping to signal s (t), obtains the ambiguity function of signal
As；
Step 2: calculating the time width T of seismic signal s (t)sAnd bandwidth Bs, seek seismic signal s (t) and be based on time-frequency bandwidth product
The smallest window function hTBP(t), and to window function hTBP(t) blurring mapping is done, window function h is obtainedTBP(t) ambiguity function Ag；
Step 3: utilizing the ambiguity function A of window functiongTo the ambiguity function A of signalsLow-pass filtering is done, obtains signal from item
Ambiguity function A0；
Step 4: calculating ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Direction gradient matrix G；
Step 5: singular value decomposition being carried out to direction gradient matrix G, calculates signal from item using singular value decomposition
Ambiguity function A0Principal direction θ；
Step 6: using signal from the ambiguity function A of item0Principal direction θ calculate signal s (t) score field optimal order popt。
Further, transformation for mula used by the blurring mapping done in the step 1 to signal s (t) is as follows:
In formula, τ is time delay, and θ is frequency displacement, and j is imaginary unit, and e is natural constant, and t is the time.
Further, in the step 2
To window function hTBP(t) blurring mapping is done, window function h is obtainedTBP(t) ambiguity function Ag, transformation for mula is as follows:
Further, the filtering method in the step 3, calculation method are as follows:
A0=AsAg (4)。
Further, ambiguity function A of the signal from item in the step 40It is the matrix signal of N × N, direction gradient
Are as follows:
Wherein gx(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk) horizontal direction gradient, gy(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk)
The gradient of vertical direction.
Further, singular value decomposition is carried out to direction gradient matrix G in the step 5, specific theoretical as follows:
G=USVT (6)
In formula, U is the matrix of N × 2, and V is 2 × 2 matrix, and S is 2 × 2 diagonal singular value matrixs, the first of matrix V
Row vector is V1=[V1,1,V1,2]
Ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Principal direction θ calculation formula are as follows:
Further, in the step 6
In conclusion by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
The cross term that seismic signal is filtered out using the smallest Gauss function of signal time-frequency bandwidth product, than using general window
Function filter effect is more preferable, can preferably in stick signal validity feature, improve the time frequency resolution of signal.
This method converts a signal into fuzzy field, can directly calculate the optimal order of seismic signal in fuzzy field, avoid
The drawbacks of traversal search of the prior art, simplifies calculating process, can effectively apply to seismic signal score field time frequency analysis.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is method flow diagram；
Fig. 2 is single-channel seismic signal；
Fig. 3 is the ambiguity function of signal；
Fig. 4 is the ambiguity function of window function；
Ambiguity function of Fig. 5 signal from item.
Specific embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification can be with any other than mutually exclusive feature and/or step
Mode combines.
It elaborates with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention.
Step 1: input one single-channel seismic signal s (t) (as shown in Figure 2)；
Blurring mapping is done to signal s (t), obtains the ambiguity function A of signals(as shown in Figure 3), used transformation for mula
It is as follows:
In formula, τ is time delay, and θ is frequency displacement, and j is imaginary unit, and e is natural constant
Step 2: calculating the time width T of signal s (t)sAnd bandwidth Bs, seek signal s (t) and be based on the smallest window of time-frequency bandwidth product
Function hTBP(t)
To window function hTBP(t) blurring mapping is done, window function h is obtainedTBP(t) ambiguity function Ag(as shown in Figure 4)
Step 3: utilizing ambiguity function AgTo ambiguity function AsLow-pass filtering is done, ambiguity function A of the signal from item is obtained0(such as
Shown in Fig. 5)
A0=AsAg (11)
Step 4: calculating ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Direction gradient matrix G, ambiguity function A of the signal from item0It is N
The matrix signal of × N, direction gradient are as follows:
Wherein gx(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk) horizontal direction gradient, gy(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk)
The gradient of vertical direction.
Step 5: singular value decomposition is carried out to direction gradient matrix G, decomposition formula is as follows:
G=USVT (13)
In formula, U is the matrix of N × 2, and V is 2 × 2 matrix, and S is 2 × 2 diagonal singular value matrixs, the first of matrix V
Row vector is V1=[V1,1,V1,2]
Ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Principal direction θ calculation formula are as follows:
Step 6: using signal from the ambiguity function A of item0Principal direction θ calculate signal s (t) score field optimal order popt
It is as described above the embodiment of the present invention.The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, anyone should learn that
The structure change made under the inspiration of the present invention, the technical schemes that are same or similar to the present invention each fall within this
Within the protection scope of invention.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field, which is characterized in that the method includes with
Lower step:
Step 1: one single-channel seismic signal s (t) of input does blurring mapping to signal s (t), obtains the ambiguity function A of signals；
Step 2: calculating the time width T of seismic signal s (t)sAnd bandwidth Bs, seek seismic signal s (t) and be based on time-frequency bandwidth product minimum
Window function hTBP(t), and to window function hTBP(t) blurring mapping is done, window function h is obtainedTBP(t) ambiguity function Ag；
Step 3: utilizing the ambiguity function A of window functiongTo the ambiguity function A of signalsLow-pass filtering is done, mould of the signal from item is obtained
Paste function A0；
Step 4: calculating ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Direction gradient matrix G；
Step 5: singular value decomposition being carried out to direction gradient matrix G, calculates signal from the fuzzy of item using singular value decomposition
Function A0Principal direction θ；
It is specific theoretical as follows:
G=USVT (1)
In formula, U is the matrix of N × 2, and V is 2 × 2 matrix, and S is 2 × 2 diagonal singular value matrixs, the first row of matrix V to
Amount is V1=[V1,1, V1,2]
Ambiguity function A of the signal from item0Principal direction θ calculation formula are as follows:
Step 6: using signal from the ambiguity function A of item0Principal direction θ calculate signal s (t) score field optimal order popt,
2. a kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field according to claim 1, feature
It is, transformation for mula used by the blurring mapping done in the step 1 to signal s (t) is as follows:
In formula, τ is time delay, and θ is frequency displacement, and j is imaginary unit, and e is natural constant, and t is the time.
3. a kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step 2
To window function hTBP(t) blurring mapping is done, window function h is obtainedTBP(t) ambiguity function Ag, transformation for mula is as follows:
4. a kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field according to claim 1, feature
It is, the filtering method in the step 3, calculation method is as follows:
Ao=AsAg (7)。
5. a kind of seismic signal score field optimal order calculation method based on fuzzy field according to claim 1, feature
It is, ambiguity function A of the signal from item in the step 40It is the matrix signal of N × N, direction gradient are as follows:
Wherein gx(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk) horizontal direction gradient, gy(k) representing matrix A0In point (xk, yk) vertical
The gradient in direction.
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