CN106841927A - Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network - Google Patents
Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network Download PDFInfo
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- CN106841927A CN106841927A CN201710160809.4A CN201710160809A CN106841927A CN 106841927 A CN106841927 A CN 106841927A CN 201710160809 A CN201710160809 A CN 201710160809A CN 106841927 A CN106841927 A CN 106841927A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
- G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
- G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
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Abstract
The invention discloses the Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network.The method, while carrying out antibody coding to the network topology structure of distributed generation system, faulty line is found using immune algorithm using the fault current information of the upload of FTU in solution space, its solution is best explained the fault-current signal from FTU.The expectation breeding degree of antibody is the foundation for evaluating solution performance, while can most explain the FTU information of all uploads, that is, finding out an antibody makes the information that the FTU corresponding to it is uploaded minimum with actual upload errored message, realizes the accurate fast failure positioning to power distribution network.Instant invention overcomes classical matrix algorithm and the shortcoming of genetic algorithm, it is with a wide range of applications in the power distribution network containing distributed power source.
Description
Technical field
Fault Locating Method of the present invention containing distributed power distribution network belongs to Power System Faults Detection technical field, special
It is not a kind of suitable for the fault location new method containing distributed power distribution network.
Background technology
With the continuous access of distributed power source, conventional electrical distribution net topology structure becomes complicated from single supply radial networks
Power network, at present, based on FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit, Feeder Terminal Unit) collection fault current letter
Breath carries out distribution network failure positioning, and main method is matrix algorithm, genetic algorithm.Matrix algorithm requires the accurate of fault message
Property is very high, and fault-tolerance is poor, makes it be difficult to be used widely.And though genetic algorithm has sufficiently research, asked in many optimizations
Have successfully application in topic, but itself there is also some shortcomings, such as local search ability is poor, there are immature oils and
The phenomenons such as random roam, so as to cause convergence of algorithm performance difference, it is necessary to be lot more time to find optimal solution.
The content of the invention
A kind of fault location containing distributed power distribution network is provided it is an object of the invention to be directed to above-mentioned weak point
Method, overcomes the shortcoming of classical matrix algorithm and genetic algorithm, the distribution containing distributed power source can be carried out quick, effective
Fault location.
The present invention takes following technical scheme to realize：
Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network, comprises the following steps：
（1）Fault current is encoded；
（2）Immune System is copied, initial antibodies coding is carried out for topological structure of electric；
（3）Construction switch function, calculates antigen；
（4）Matching degree between calculating antibody and antigen；
（5）Affinity and AC between calculating antibody and antibody；
（6）According to the affinity between antibody and the expectation reproductive probability of AC calculating antibody；
（7）Expect that reproductive probability evolution produces new antibody, circulation step according to antibody（3）-（7）；
（8）According to convergence criterion, optimal antibody is exported, decoding determines faulty line.
Further, step（1）Detailed process it is as follows：
To each switch, the nearest power supply of the setpoint distance switch is its upstream power supply, and other power supplys are power supply downstream,
The positive direction from the upstream power supply of the switch to downstream power supply as the switch is set, when the failure mistake that Feeder Terminal Unit is detected
Stream direction with switch positive direction it is identical, then the state value for switching puts 1, if failure excessively stream direction with switch positive direction conversely,
The state value for then switching puts -1, if Feeder Terminal Unit is not detected by failure excessively stream, the state value for switching sets to 0, so that complete
Into state encoding.
Further, step（2）Detailed process it is as follows：
When carrying out fault location using immune algorithm, antibody is the morphogenetic vector of shape of all feeder line sections in power distribution network, is resisted
Body is made up of gene, and every gene pairs answers the state of a certain feeder line section, and gene puts 1 expression corresponding feeder line section and event occurs
Barrier, gene sets to 0 the corresponding feeder line section fault of expression and does not break down.
Further, step（3）Detailed process it is as follows：
For each switch, define under the upstream line, switch and its that the circuit between switch and its upstream power supply is the switch
Circuit between trip power supply is the line downstream of the switch, then constructs switch function：
In above formula,It isjThe switch function of individual block switch,It is single antibody；It isjIndividual block switch
In the line of upstreamuThe state of individual feeder line section, malfunction puts 1, and normal condition sets to 0；It isjIndividual block switch line downstream
InuThe state of individual feeder line section, malfunction puts 1, and normal condition sets to 0；Represent thejIndividual block switch upstream line is each
The state logic of individual feeder line section or computing,M 1It isjThe number of individual block switch upstream line feeder line section；Represent thejThe state logic of individual each feeder line section of block switch line downstream or computing；It isjIndividual block switch line downstream feeder line area
The number of section；Represent theiWhether individual distributed power source is incorporated into the power networks, when being incorporated into the power networks,1 is put, not grid-connected fortune
During row,Set to 0,NIt is the number of distributed power source.
Further, step（4）Detailed process it is as follows：
Evaluation function is constructed first：
In above formula,Evaluation function corresponding to each antibody in antibody population；Represent antibodyIt is each
Position gene；N 1It is the sum of power distribution network breaker in middle；N 2It is the sum of feeder line section in power distribution network；I j It is step（1）What is obtained respectively opens
The state encoding of pass；
Then the matching degree between calculating antibody and antigen：
In above formula,Represent the matching degree between antibody and antigen.
Further, step（5）Detailed process it is as follows：
Affinity between calculating antibody and antibody：
In above formula,It is antibodyvAnd antibodysIn be in homologous genes position and gene identical digit；LIt is the length of antibody
Degree；
Ratio in calculating antibody concentration, i.e. antibody population shared by similar antibodies：
In above formula,C v It is AC,,eIt is antibody affinity evaluating,MIt is antibody
Sum.
Further, step（6）Detailed process it is as follows：
The expectation reproductive probability of calculating antibody：
In above formula,P v It is the expectation reproductive probability of antibody,The affinity summation of all antibody is represented,Represent all
The AC summation of antibody,It is weight,。
Further, in step（8）In, the convergence criterion be the antibody for expecting that reproductive probability is maximum during evolution
Algebraically is kept no longer to be evolved more than set value and immune algorithm.
Further, the reservation threshold value of antibody is set, data base is set, using excellent individual retention strategy, evolved
Cheng Zhong, it would be desirable to which reproductive probability is remained into data base more than the antibody for retaining threshold value.
The beneficial effect brought using above-mentioned technical proposal：
The present invention design Fault Locating Method be based on immune algorithm, using immune system diversity produce and support mechanism come
The diversity of colony is kept, the premature convergence problem of general searching process is overcome, globally optimal solution is finally tried to achieve, traditional base is overcome
In the various shortcomings of the Fault Locating Method of matrix algorithm or genetic algorithm, the accurate fast failure positioning to power distribution network is realized.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is flow chart of the invention.
Fig. 2 is the simplification figure of the power distribution network containing DG of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Below with reference to accompanying drawing, technical scheme is described in detail.
Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network, as shown in figure 1, comprising the following steps：
Step 1：Fault current is encoded.
To each on-pole switch, it is its upstream power supply that predetermined distance switchs nearest power supply first, and other power supplys are
Power supply downstream.And regulation swims power supply to the positive direction that downstream power supply is switch from it.When the failure excessively stream side that FTU is detected
To, on off state value consistent with the positive direction switch for assumingI j =1.If overcurrent direction with assume positive direction conversely, ifI j =-1.If FTU does not monitor overcurrent,I j =0。
Distribution net work structure figure as shown in Figure 2, for switch S1, S2 and S3, its upstream power supply is electric network source, downstream electricity
Source is DG1 and DG2.Equally, for switch S4, S5 and S6, its upstream power supply is DG1, and downstream power supply is electric network source and DG2.
For switch S7, S8 and S9, its upstream power supply is DG2, and downstream power supply is electric network source and DG1.
By taking S4 as an example, for S4, its positive direction is to swim power supply DG1 to downstream power supply electric network source and DG2 from it.Work as K1
Place is short-circuited failure, flow through S4 fault current provided by distributed power source DG1 and the direction of fault current with assume
Positive direction is consistent, therefore the malfunction of S4 is ' 1 '.Broken down at K2, flow through the fault current of S4 by electric network source and
Distributed power source DG2 provide and the direction of fault current with the positive direction of hypothesis conversely, so when S4 malfunction be
‘-1’.The state value of other switches determines that method is similar with S4.
Step 2：Immune System is copied, initial antibodies coding is carried out for topological structure of electric.
In distribution network failure positioning, feeder line sector status are amount to be asked, when carrying out fault location using immune algorithm, gene
The state of the single feeder line section of correspondence, antibody is made up of gene, i.e., the morphogenetic vector of shape of all feeder line sections in power distribution network.
Binary coded form is used herein, and the length of antibody is determined that each gene pairs of antibody answers feeder line area by feeder line sector number
The state of section, 1 represents the feeder line section fault, and 0 represents no failure.For example, in fig. 2 when K1 breaks down, now anti-
Body is encoded to [0 01000 0].
Step 3：Construction switch function, calculates antigen.
For some switch, the circuit between definition switch and upstream power supply is the upstream line of the switch.Similarly,
Circuit is the switch and the feeder line between power supply downstream downstream.Different from traditional single supply radiativity electric power system,
In distributed generation system, there is relation by the electric current and each power supply that switch.Therefore, one is defined herein newly
Switching function, such as formula（1）It is shown：
（1）
In above formula,It isj The switch function of individual block switch.It isjThe state of number switch upstream feeder lineS jd It isjNumber
The state of switch downstream feeder line.When line failure value is 1, normal operating value is 0.It is switchjLines upstream
Malfunction logic or computing.It is switchjDownstream line malfunction logic or computing.Represent and divide
Whether cloth power supply (DG) is incorporated into the power networks.When DG is incorporated into the power networks, its state code is ' 1 ', if it did not, code is ' 0 '.When not having
There is DG to be incorporated in distribution network system, nowWith the switch of traditional single supply radiativity distribution network system
Function is the same.Therefore, new switch function can adapt to the change of network topology structure.
Step 4：Matching degree between calculating antibody and antigen.
The construction that it is critical only that evaluation function that antibody is calculated with antigen affinity, evaluation function is based upon feeder line area
The state of feeder switch and the electric current of the actual uploads of FTU that section state determines get over the difference minimum of limit information to construct.This
Invent the evaluation function such as formula for using（2）It is shown：
（2）
In above formula,F it (S B ) fitness function corresponding to each antibody in antibody population, i.e. evaluation function commented feasible solution
Value；S B Be single antibody, i.e., the solution vector of all feeder line sector status compositions,S B (i) represent antibody each gene, it is right
The state of each feeder line in power distribution network is answered, value is 1 expression malfunction, and value is 0 expression normal condition；N 1For in power distribution network
The sum of switch；N 2It is the sum of feeder line section in power distribution network；I j It is the malfunction coding of feeder line in power distribution network；Then open
Function is closed, by formula（1）It is determined that.There is feeder line section a and feeder line section b in such as switch S1 downstreams, thenAs long as,
It is 1 that the state of feeder line section a, b has one, thenIt is 1.
Matching degree such as formula between antibody and antigen（3）It is shown：
（3）
In above formula,Represent the evaluation function of minimum optimization problem；A v Match journey between antibody and antigen for representing
Degree, reflects the excellent of the feasible solution that produces in initial solution or iterative process,A v Bigger, the feasible solution is better,A v It is smaller, should
Feasible solution is poorer.
Step 5：Affinity and AC between calculating antibody and antibody.
Affinity between antibody and antibody reflects the similarity degree between feasible solution and feasible solution.Use hereinRPosition
Affinity between Continuous plus antibody and antibody.Two kinds of antibody have more thanRPosition is continuousRPosition coding is identical, then it represents that two
Plant antibody approximate " identical ", otherwise represent two kinds of antibody differences, i.e.,：
（4）
In above formula,k v,s It is antibodyvAnd antibodysIn be in homologous genes position and gene identical digit；LIt is the length of antibody.Bigger, then two antibody are more similar；Conversely, more dissimilar.
ACC v Ratio i.e. in antibody population shared by similar antibodies, has reacted the diversity of antibody population, calculates public
Formula：
（5）
（6）
In above formula,eIt is antibody similarity evaluation parameter；H v,s Represent whether two antibody are similar, be to take 1, it is no, take 0；MIt is anti-
Body sum.
Step 6：According to the affinity between antibody and the expectation reproductive probability of AC calculating antibody.
In antibody population, the expectation reproductive probability of each antibody is by the affinity between antibody and antigen and AC two
Part together decides on, and this is the main distinction with genetic algorithm, i.e.,：
（7）
In above formula,The affinity summation of all antibody is represented,The AC summation of all antibody is represented,It is weight, preferred value is 0.95.
Step 7：Expect that reproductive probability evolution produces new antibody, circulation step 3-7 according to antibody.
By formula（7）It can be seen that, antibody and antigen affinityA v It is bigger, then expect breeding potentialP v It is bigger, be selected as intersect,
The individual possibility that makes a variation is bigger；ACC v It is bigger, then expect breeding potentialP v It is smaller, it is selected as intersecting, making a variation individuality
Possibility it is smaller.The antibody high with antigen affinity had so both been promoted, while concentration antibody high is also inhibits, so that really
The diversity of antibody is protected.
, when high concentration antibody is suppressed, the antibody higher with antigen affinity may be because its concentration be high for immune algorithm
It is suppressed, so as to cause the optimal solution tried to achieve to be lost, therefore uses excellent individual retention strategy, increases data base, every
During secondary renewal data base, it would be desirable to which reproductive probability value several body higher is stored in data base.The establishment of data base simultaneously also keeps away
The generation that intersection, mutation process make colony degenerate is exempted from.
Step 8：According to convergence criterion, optimal antibody is exported, decoding determines faulty line.
The criterion that algorithm terminates is the minimum holding algebraically of optimum individual in antibody population, i.e., correspond to during evolution and expect
When the maximum individual value and immune algorithm for keeping algebraically during evolution more than set by of breeding degree is no longer evolved, judge to calculate
Method restrains.Antibody coding principle according to step 2, in optimal antibody, corresponding line is encoded to 1 as faulty line.Example
Such as, the optimal antibody that algorithm finally determines is [0 00010 0...], then can be determined that No. 5 line failures.It is this
Criterion takes full advantage of immune algorithm knowledge accumulation during evolution, is suitable for the different power distribution network of complexity, improves
Convergence efficiency.
Embodiment is only explanation technological thought of the invention, it is impossible to limit protection scope of the present invention with this, it is every according to
Technological thought proposed by the present invention, any change done on the basis of technical scheme, each falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
（1）Fault current is encoded；
（2）Immune System is copied, initial antibodies coding is carried out for topological structure of electric；
（3）Construction switch function, calculates antigen；
（4）Matching degree between calculating antibody and antigen；
（5）Affinity and AC between calculating antibody and antibody；
（6）According to the affinity between antibody and the expectation reproductive probability of AC calculating antibody；
（7）Expect that reproductive probability evolution produces new antibody, circulation step according to antibody（3）-（7）；
（8）According to convergence criterion, optimal antibody is exported, decoding determines faulty line.
2. the Fault Locating Method containing distributed power distribution network according to claim 1, it is characterised in that step（1）
Detailed process it is as follows：
To each switch, it is stipulated that the power supply nearest apart from the switch is its upstream power supply, and other power supplys are power supply downstream,
And regulation swims power supply to the positive direction that downstream power supply is the switch from it, when the failure excessively stream side that Feeder Terminal Unit is detected
To with switch positive direction it is identical, then the state value for switching puts 1, if failure excessively stream direction with switch positive direction conversely, if open
The state value of pass puts -1, if Feeder Terminal Unit is not detected by failure excessively stream, the state value for switching sets to 0, so as to complete shape
State is encoded.
3. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to claim 2, it is characterised in that step（2）'s
Detailed process is as follows：
When carrying out fault location using immune algorithm, antibody is the morphogenetic vector of shape of all feeder line sections in power distribution network, is resisted
Body is made up of gene, and every gene pairs answers the state of a certain feeder line section, and gene puts 1 expression corresponding feeder line section and event occurs
Barrier, gene sets to 0 the corresponding feeder line section fault of expression and does not break down.
4. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to claim 3, it is characterised in that step（3）'s
Detailed process is as follows：
For each switch, define under the upstream line, switch and its that the circuit between switch and its upstream power supply is the switch
Circuit between trip power supply is the line downstream of the switch, then constructs switch function：
In above formula,It isjThe switch function of individual block switch,It is single antibody；It isjIndividual block switch
In the line of upstreamuThe state of individual feeder line section, malfunction puts 1, and normal condition sets to 0；It isjIndividual block switch line downstream
InuThe state of individual feeder line section, malfunction puts 1, and normal condition sets to 0；Represent thejIndividual block switch upstream line
The state logic of each feeder line section or computing,M 1It isjThe number of individual block switch upstream line feeder line section；Represent
ThejThe state logic of individual each feeder line section of block switch line downstream or computing；M 2It isjIndividual block switch line downstream feeder line area
The number of section；Represent theiWhether individual distributed power source is incorporated into the power networks, when being incorporated into the power networks,1 is put, is not incorporated into the power networks
When,Set to 0,NIt is the number of distributed power source.
5. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to claim 4, it is characterised in that step（4）'s
Detailed process is as follows：
Evaluation function is constructed first,
In above formula,Evaluation function corresponding to each antibody in antibody population；Represent antibodyEach
Gene；N 1It is the sum of power distribution network breaker in middle；N 2It is the sum of feeder line section in power distribution network；I j It is step（1）Each switch for obtaining
State encoding；
Then the matching degree between calculating antibody and antigen,
In above formula,Represent the matching degree between antibody and antigen.
6. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to claim 5, it is characterised in that step（5）'s
Detailed process is as follows：
Affinity between calculating antibody and antibody,
In above formula,It is antibodyvAnd antibodysIn be in homologous genes position and gene identical digit；LIt is the length of antibody；
Ratio in calculating antibody concentration, i.e. antibody population shared by similar antibodies,
In above formula,C v It is AC,,eIt is antibody affinity evaluating,MFor antibody is total
Number.
7. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to claim 6, it is characterised in that step（6）'s
Detailed process is as follows：
The expectation reproductive probability of calculating antibody, computing formula is
In above formula,P v It is the expectation reproductive probability of antibody,The affinity summation of all antibody is represented,Represent all
The AC summation of antibody,It is weight,。
8. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to any one in claim 1-7, and its feature exists
In：In step（8）In, the convergence criterion is that the antibody for expecting that reproductive probability is maximum keeps algebraically to exceed institute during evolution
The value and immune algorithm of setting are no longer evolved.
9. the Fault Locating Method of distributed power distribution network is contained according to any one in claim 1-7, and its feature exists
In：The reservation threshold value of antibody is set, data base is set, using excellent individual retention strategy, during evolution, it would be desirable to breed
Probability is remained into data base more than the antibody for retaining threshold value.
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| CN107091972A (en) * | 2017-07-05 | 2017-08-25 | 东南大学 | A kind of active power distribution network Fault Locating Method based on improvement population |
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| CN108390360A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-10 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of fault section and isolation method and device of the distribution system containing energy storage |
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| CN109687427A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-26 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system coordinated based on decaf optimization |
| CN109709445A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High permeability distributed generation resource accesses distribution network failure positioning and processing method |
| CN109738760A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-10 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of distribution network short circuit fault localization method merging a variety of distribution terminal data |
| CN112557817A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局 | Quantum immune optimization algorithm-based active power distribution network fault positioning method and system, storage medium and computer equipment |
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| CN108390360A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-08-10 | 广东电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of fault section and isolation method and device of the distribution system containing energy storage |
| CN108387820A (en) * | 2018-03-20 | 2018-08-10 | 东北电力大学 | Fault Section Location of Distribution Network containing distributed generation resource |
| CN108594079A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2018-09-28 | 广东电网有限责任公司 | A kind of electrical power distribution network fault location method, device and computer-readable medium |
| CN109687427A (en) * | 2018-11-27 | 2019-04-26 | 国网辽宁省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 | A kind of Fault Diagnosis of Distribution Network system coordinated based on decaf optimization |
| CN109709445A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | High permeability distributed generation resource accesses distribution network failure positioning and processing method |
| CN109738760A (en) * | 2019-02-19 | 2019-05-10 | 国网福建省电力有限公司 | A kind of distribution network short circuit fault localization method merging a variety of distribution terminal data |
| CN112557817A (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-03-26 | 广东电网有限责任公司肇庆供电局 | Quantum immune optimization algorithm-based active power distribution network fault positioning method and system, storage medium and computer equipment |
| CN113625113A (en) * | 2021-08-11 | 2021-11-09 | 华北电力大学 | Power distribution network fault positioning method and system |
| CN113687189A (en) * | 2021-09-15 | 2021-11-23 | 南京软核科技有限公司 | Power distribution network fault positioning method and system |
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