CN106840922B - A kind of method of tubing forming property under test complex strain paths - Google Patents
A kind of method of tubing forming property under test complex strain paths Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840922B CN106840922B CN201611235602.0A CN201611235602A CN106840922B CN 106840922 B CN106840922 B CN 106840922B CN 201611235602 A CN201611235602 A CN 201611235602A CN 106840922 B CN106840922 B CN 106840922B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/28—Investigating ductility, e.g. suitability of sheet metal for deep-drawing or spinning
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/36—Embedding or analogous mounting of samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
- G01N3/06—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means
- G01N3/068—Special adaptations of indicating or recording means with optical indicating or recording means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0058—Kind of property studied
- G01N2203/0069—Fatigue, creep, strain-stress relations or elastic constants
- G01N2203/0075—Strain-stress relations or elastic constants
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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- G01N2203/023—Pressure
- G01N2203/0232—High pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/026—Specifications of the specimen
- G01N2203/0262—Shape of the specimen
- G01N2203/0274—Tubular or ring-shaped specimens
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/0641—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means using optical, X-ray, ultraviolet, infrared or similar detectors
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Abstract
A kind of method of tubing forming property under test complex strain paths, it is related to a kind of test method of forming tubular product performance, to solve the test method of traditional fixed stress state lower linear load path and recently the free bulge experimental method that occurs can not all be such that tubing is deformed according to complex strain paths, the problem of being thus unable to get tubing forming property under complex strain paths, method is realized according to the following steps: step 1, Mold Making: designing according to actual needs and processes the tube bulge mold with specific bulging confining region shape and draw ratio variation；Step 2: prepared by sample；Step 3: installation is fixed: Step 4: tubing seals；Step 5: bulging is tested；Step 6: data are analyzed.The present invention is used for tubing forming property under complex strain paths and tests.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of test methods of forming tubular product performance, and in particular to a kind of test complex strain paths down tube
The method of material forming property.
Background technique
In aerospace and auto industry, to mitigate construction weight, improving structural reliability, there is an urgent need to using whole
Body component replaces traditional component by multiple simple assembling parts weldings.Hollow closed cross-section part is the weight in integrated member
It wants a kind of, is mainly fabricated using original relatively simple thin wall cylinder base or pipe.It is configured to from simple blank finally multiple
Miscellaneous part, blank will undergo complicated deformation process.The stress and stress state in some region will be entire on blank
Constantly change in deformation process.
It is well known that different formabilities can be shown when material deforms under different stresses and stress state
Energy.For example, material is in simple tension to the limit elongation and bulging to the ultimate elongation meeting in direction when rupturing when being broken
There is significant difference.In order to describe forming property or ultimate deformation ability of the material under different stress, phase need to be usually used
The experimental method answered make material deform under certain specified conditions until destroy, thus obtain it is this under the conditions of the limit
Strain.By changing material deformation condition and being tested accordingly, it can get the limiting strain under the conditions of different distortion, utilize
These limiting strains can determine usually said forming limit diagram (forming limit diagram).It should be pointed out that
Each of traditional forming limit diagram data point only corresponds to a certain fixed deformation condition or linear loading path.It is this to adopt
Have been widely used for characterizing and evaluating the forming of material with the forming limit diagram that fixed deformation condition or linear loading path determine
Performance.But this forming limit diagram is only used for indicating the forming property under deformation condition that is ideal or fixing.If from
Deformation initially constantly changes to the deformation condition or load path of material when final destruction, then this traditional forming pole
Limit figure will be no longer applicable in.
Recently, occur testing using tubing free bulge to simulate true tube bulge forming process, and using certainly
Limiting strain when finally being ruptured by bulging is come the method that characterizes pipes shaping limit.Tubing is axial and circumferential when free bulge
Deform all under conditions of by pulling force, and in deformation process tubing axial stress and circumference stress ratio (i.e. stress
State) be it is continually changing, it is this variation it is similar with practical tube bulge forming process, therefore with this method determine pole
Can limit strain can preferably instruct practical expansion forming, especially meet zero for the forming property of judgement material
The needs of part forming.Currently, forming tubular product performance especially bulging is directly tested and evaluated to free bulge experiment as a kind of
Can experimental method, have been obtained and be widely recognized as and practical application.(tubing is straight for bulging limit coefficient after tube bulge rupture
The maximum variable quantity of diameter and the ratio of initial diameter), limiting strain when bursting pressure, bursting be often used as evaluation forming tubular product
The index of performance.However, the pipe length in intermediate bulging area is held essentially constant during existing tubing free bulge, it should
Although a degree of variation can also occur for the stress state of region material, this variation is completely by intermediate bulging area tubing
Length determine.Therefore, tested by the free bulge of this fixed bulging section length, can only obtain certain simple changes or certain
Forming property under a little specific stress paths, can not obtain the forming limit under more generally complicated stress environment, also
The forming of above-mentioned complicated integrated member can not be provided and accurately and effectively be instructed.Item is shaped in order to accurately obtain tubing in complexity
Forming property under part needs a kind of experiment side that tubing can be made to deform under complex strain paths more typically and controllably
Method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is the test method and appearance recently to solve traditional fixed stress state lower linear load path
Free bulge experimental method can not all tubing be made to be deformed according to complex strain paths, thus be unable to get complex loading road
Under diameter the problem of tubing forming property, and then propose a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the above problem is as follows:
Scheme one: the method for tubing forming property is realized according to the following steps under a kind of test complex strain paths:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and major diameter according to actual needs
Than the tube bulge mold of variation；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample according to experiment, and by tubular product sample surface clean
Completely；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample is adjusted, and
Foil gauge is pasted among the tubular product sample outer surface at bulging area point M, connects foil gauge and deformeter with answering at measurement point M
Become, the tubular product sample for pasting strain is fitted into the expanding die；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed tubular product sample both ends to be measured using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply is by high pressure
Fluid media (medium) is filled with inside tubular product sample by one end of the tubular product sample after sealing, and the probe of pressure sensor is inserted into sealing
The other end of tubular product sample afterwards, the high-voltage power supply, the deformeter and the pressure sensor are all connected with analysis of test system；
Step 5: bulging is tested: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium into the tubular product sample of step 4, tubular product sample is swollen
Bulging occurs under the collective effect of shape internal pressure P and expanding die until rupture, records the change of the bulging internal pressure P in Bulging Process
Change, axial strain and hoop strain at bulging area highest point M；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the available tubular product sample of above-mentioned experimental data at this by analysis of test system
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under one load path.
Scheme two: the method for tubing forming property is realized according to the following steps under a kind of test complex strain paths:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and major diameter according to actual needs
Than the tube bulge mold of variation；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample according to experiment, and by tubular product sample surface clean
Completely；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample is adjusted, and
The speckle for spraying a floor random distribution among the tubular product sample outer surface around bulging area point M, will be sprayed with the tubular product sample of speckle
It is fitted into the expanding die, and makes point M face CCD camera, Strain Analysis System is connect with the CCD camera；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed tubular product sample both ends to be measured using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply is by high pressure
Fluid media (medium) is filled with inside tubular product sample by one end of the tubular product sample after sealing, and the probe of pressure sensor is inserted into sealing
The other end of tubular product sample afterwards, the high-voltage power supply, Strain Analysis System and the pressure sensor are all connected with analysis test system
System；
Step 5: bulging is tested: high-pressure fluid medium is gradually filled with into the tubular product sample of step 4, including tubular product sample
It presses and bulging occurs under the collective effect of P and expanding die until rupture, records bulging pressure P changing value, bulging in Bulging Process
Axial strain and hoop strain at the M of area highest point；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the available tubular product sample of above-mentioned experimental data at this by analysis of test system
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under one load path.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) present invention can be realized the bulging experiment of tubing under complex strain paths, and obtain tubing on complex loading road
Forming property under diameter solves traditional forming limit diagram and is only applicable to material property under description linear loading path
Problem；
(2) present invention tests the forming property of test material using tube bulge, with practical tube bulge forming process class
Seemingly, preferably practical expansion forming can be instructed；
(3) present invention is set in advance by the draw ratio variation during the shape control tube bulge of expanding die, realization
Fixed complex strain paths, forming under the load paths of certain simple changes can only be obtained by solving the experiment of tubing free bulge
The problem of performance；
(4) present invention carries out tube bulge test using a series of expanding dies of different shapes, obtains a series of differences
Pipe performance under complex strain paths, thus more fully reflect the practical forming property of tubing under differing formed technique,
Convenient for the reasonable forming technology of determination；
(5) present invention is swollen by the forming property for selecting suitable fluid media (medium) to can be realized tubing under condition of different temperatures
Shape test.Wherein liquid medium is tested suitable for room temperature forming property, and gas medium is suitable for hot forming performance test；
(6) present invention is of less demanding to experimental provision, does not need complicated biaxial stress closed-loop control system and gear
Tool device, bulging experimental implementation are simply easily achieved.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1, which is scheme one, makees the swollen of tubing forming property under strain measurement method test complex strain paths using foil gauge
Shape tests schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 is scheme two using tubing formability under non-contact type strain measurement method test complex strain paths
The bulging of energy tests schematic diagram, tubular product sample and expanding die arragement construction schematic diagram when Fig. 3 is non-bulging, and Fig. 4 is to use to bore
Shape formed punch seals tubular product sample and expanding die arragement construction schematic diagram in Bulging Process, and Fig. 5 is tubular product sample in Bulging Process
With general curve bulging confining region structural schematic diagram, Fig. 6 is to seal tubular product sample and bulging in Bulging Process using welding end socket
Mold arragement construction schematic diagram, Fig. 7 are using tubular product sample and expanding die in sealing plug and sealing ring sealing Bulging Process
Arragement construction schematic diagram.
Wherein, 1 it is tapered punch, 2 be expanding die, 3 be tubular product sample, 4 be foil gauge, 5 be deformeter, 6 is pressure
Sensor, 7 be analysis of test system, 8 be high-voltage power supply, 9 be CCD camera, 10 be Strain Analysis System, 11 be welding end socket, 12
It is sealing ring for sealing plug, 13.
Specific embodiment
To further illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The basic principle of foundation of the present invention is: research has shown that, when tubing free bulge, in-between bulging zone position was at some
The stress state at moment is mainly determined by the pipe length that the moment is in complete free state.The pipe of free state will be in
The ratio of base length and restrained end pipe diameter is defined as draw ratio, then the variation of draw ratio will directly affect intermediate bulging area
Stress state.If the draw ratio of bulging area pipe is adjusted or is controlled in Bulging Process, it is swollen to can change tubing
Stress state when shape.The present invention is based on this principle and proposes, that is, passes through during controlling or adjusting tube bulge
Draw ratio realizes preset complex strain paths.This is just the forming pole for testing tubing under general complex strain paths
Limit provides possibility.
Expanding die structure used in the present invention is as shown in Figure 3.According to the difference of effect, expanding die can be divided into
Tubing fixed area and bulging confining region.Wherein, the internal diameter d of tubing fixed area is than tubular product sample outer diameter D0Bigger or d=D0, make
With being fixed tubular product sample.Bulging confining region flare, effect are outer surface profiles when constraining tubular product sample bulging.It is swollen
When shape is tested, bulging occurs under the collective effect of internal pressure P and expanding die for tubular product sample, and tubular product sample outer surface gradually reclines
By mould constraint bulging is no longer occurred for the bulging confining region of mold, the tubing of abutting section.With the increase of bulging degree, pipe
Material bulging area draw ratio is gradually reduced, draw ratio λ as shown in Figure 41=l1/D1Less than draw ratio λ shown in Fig. 30=l0/
D0.As shown in figure 5, the profile of the axial opening angle θ difference or bulging confining region of the bulging confining region of expanding die 2 is bent
Line is different, and the change procedure of tube bulge area draw ratio is also different.Therefore, bulging confining region is designed to that different shapes can be with
Obtain different draw ratio change procedures.When designing expanding die shape, load path determine according to actual needs, then basis
Draw ratio and stress state and the relationship of load path determine the change procedure of draw ratio, finally arrive the variation reflection of draw ratio
On expanding die.In the expanding die with specific shape when bulging, tubular product sample will add according to the complexity being pre-designed
It carries and bulging occurs under path.Therefore, formability of the tubing under specific complex strain paths can accurately be obtained using the present invention
Energy.If design processes a series of expanding dies and carries out multiple bulging experiment test, a series of load paths can be completed
The test of lower pipe performance, thus the forming property of more comprehensive and accurate evaluation tubing.
It is illustrated with reference to Fig. 1, in one embodiment, the method for tubing forming property is under a kind of test complex strain paths
It realizes according to the following steps:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and major diameter according to actual needs
Than the tube bulge mold 2 of variation；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample 3 according to experiment, and 3 surface of tubular product sample is clear
Wash clean；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die 2 is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample 3 is adjusted,
And foil gauge 4 is pasted among 3 outer surface of tubular product sample at bulging area point M, connect foil gauge 4 and deformeter 5 with measurement point M at
Strain, by paste foil gauge 4 tubular product sample 3 be fitted into the expanding die 2；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed 3 both ends of tubular product sample to be measured using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply 8 will be high
Pressure fluid media (medium) is filled with inside tubular product sample 3 by one end of the tubular product sample 3 after sealing, the probe inserting of pressure sensor 6
The other end of tubular product sample 3 after sealing, the high-voltage power supply 8, the deformeter 5 and the pressure sensor 6 are all connected with point
Analyse test macro 7；
Step 5: bulging is tested: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium into the tubular product sample 3 of step 4, tubular product sample 3 exists
Bulging occurs under the collective effect of bulging internal pressure P and expanding die 2 until rupture, records the bulging internal pressure P's in Bulging Process
Axial strain and hoop strain at variation, bulging area highest point M；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the available tubular product sample 3 of above-mentioned experimental data by analysis of test system 7 and exist
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under this load path.By 3 surface clean of tubular product sample in step 2
It is completely in order to which to facilitate strain measurement, the sealing of 3 both ends of tubular product sample prevents high-pressure fluid medium when bulging from revealing in step 4
Cause internal pressure P insufficient.Analysis of test system is the improvement for the THF.HIT-160/110-A that Harbin Institute of Technology has developed,
With data exchange interface.Existing patent: ZL200910071699.X, ZL201210584492.4, software copyright: tubing power
Learn the hydraulic expanding-forming method Analytical software of performance, registration number: 2013SR108454；The hot gas pressure compacting system super-pressure of metal
Bleed pressure accurately controls software, registration number: 2016SR180392.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 3-Fig. 5 explanation, it is preferable that sealing means are tapered punch rigid seal, strain in the present embodiment
Measurement method is foil gauge measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.It is using the advantage of gas medium: gas medium
Suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.
Implement particular by following steps:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and major diameter according to actual needs
Than the expanding die 2 of change procedure.
Step 2: prepared by sample: assuming that 3 outer diameter of tubular product sample is D0, initial draw ratio is λ0, expanding die 2 is corresponding swollen
Shape angle is θ.
The corresponding tubing of expanding die 2 fixes head of district s, and 3 end part seal of tubular product sample needs long s ', then tube bulge area
Initial length l0=D0λ0, the length L=l of tubular product sample 30+2s+2s'.Tubular product sample 3 is intercepted by length L, and by tubular product sample
3 surface cleans are clean.
Step 3: installation is fixed: foil gauge 4 is pasted along axial intermediate position i.e. point M in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample,
Foil gauge 4 and deformeter 5 are connected with the strain at measurement point M.Expanding die 2 is fixed on a test platform, by tubing
Sample 3 is fitted into expanding die 2, adjusts the position of tubular product sample 3 in order to the measurement of strain at intermediate bulging area point M.Connection
Hole on high-voltage power supply 8 and the tapered punch of side 1 is filled with high-pressure fluid medium to facilitate.Connect pressure sensor 6 and the other side
Tapered punch 1 on hole to be convenient for measuring pressure P.
Step 4: tubing seals: two tapered punch 1 being headed into the both ends of tubular product sample 3 respectively, in the work of axial thrust
3 both ends of tubular product sample be flared with inferior pyramidal formed punch 1 and flared part is tightly pressed against tapered punch 1 and expanding die 2
Between, to realize the end part seal of tubular product sample 3.
Step 5: bulging is tested: high-pressure fluid medium is gradually filled with into tubular product sample 3 by high-voltage power supply 8, until tubing
Sample 3 ruptures.As the continuous raising tubular product sample 3 of internal pressure P is plastically deformed, the outer surface of tubular product sample 3 is gradually
The bulging confining region of expanding die 2 is sticked on, the tubing of abutting section, which suffers restraints, no longer occurs bulging.With bulging degree
Increase, tube bulge area draw ratio is gradually reduced.Record the experimental data in bulging test process, comprising: bulging pressure P, axis
To strain and hoop strain etc..
Step 6: data are analyzed: by handling the above-mentioned available tubular product sample of experimental data under this load path
Bulging limit coefficient, burst pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter.By multiple bulging test experiments, can obtain
A series of forming property parameter of tubing under load paths, makes overall merit to the forming property of tubing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 6 explanation, it is preferable that the sealing means of tubular product sample 3 are close using welding end socket in the present embodiment
Envelope, strain measurement mode are foil gauge measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.It is using the advantage of gas medium:
Gas medium is suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.Advantage using welding end socket sealing means is: welding knot
Structure eliminates the mechanical structure for pushing tapered punch 1, and bulging experimental provision is simplified.
Tubing sealing: a welding end socket 11 is respectively welded at 3 both ends of tubular product sample, is polished flat welding point after being welded
It is whole.
Installation is fixed: 3 surface clean of tubular product sample is clean, be along axial intermediate position in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample
Upper foil gauge 4 is pasted at point M, connects foil gauge 4 and deformeter 5 with the strain at measurement point M.Connect high-voltage power supply 8 and side
Hole on welding end socket 11 is filled with high-pressure fluid medium to facilitate.It connects on pressure sensor 6 and the welding end socket 11 of the other side
Hole to be convenient for measuring pressure P.By the tubular product sample 3 for posting foil gauge 4 according to structure shown in Fig. 6 be packed into design process it is swollen
In shape mold 2, expanding die 2 is fixed on an experiment porch, prevents expanding die 2 when bulging from the survey of moving influence bulging occurs
Test result.
Bulging test: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium into tubular product sample 3 by high-voltage power supply 8, until tubular product sample 3 is sent out
Raw rupture.As the continuous raising tubular product sample 3 of internal pressure P is plastically deformed, the outer surface of tubular product sample 3 gradually sticks on swollen
The bulging confining region of shape mold 2, the tubing of abutting section, which suffers restraints, no longer occurs bulging.With the increase of bulging degree, pipe
Material bulging area draw ratio λ is gradually reduced.Record the experimental data in bulging test process, comprising: bulging pressure P, bulging height
H, axial strain and hoop strain etc..
Data analysis: swollen by handling the limit of the above-mentioned available tubular product sample of experimental data under this load path
Shape coefficient, the forming properties parameter such as burst pressure and limiting strain.By multiple bulging test experiments, can obtain a series of
The forming property parameter of tubing under load path, makes overall merit to the forming property of tubing.
In conjunction with Fig. 1 and Fig. 7 explanation, it is preferable that the sealing means of tubular product sample 3 use sealing ring and sealing in the present embodiment
Plug combination, strain measurement mode are foil gauge measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.Using gas medium
Advantage is: gas medium is suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.Advantage using sealing ring sealing means is:
Sealing means are simple and reliable, it is easy to accomplish.
Appropriately sized sealing ring 13: being inserted in the groove of sealing plug 12 by tubing sealing before sealing, will when sealing
The sealing plug 12 for being cased with sealing ring 13 is inserted into tubular product sample 3, to realize the end part seal of tubular product sample 3.
Installation is fixed: 3 surface clean of tubular product sample is clean, be along axial intermediate position in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample
Upper foil gauge 4 is pasted at point M, connects foil gauge 4 and deformeter 5 with the strain at measurement point M.Connect high-voltage power supply 8 and side
Hole on sealing plug 13 is filled with high-pressure fluid medium to facilitate.It connects on pressure sensor 6 and the sealing plug 13 of the other side
Hole to be convenient for measuring pressure P.By the tubular product sample 3 for posting foil gauge 4 according to structure shown in Fig. 7 be packed into design process it is swollen
In shape mold 2, expanding die 2 is fixed on an experiment porch, prevents expanding die 2 when bulging from the survey of moving influence bulging occurs
Test result.
Bulging test: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium into tubular product sample 3 by high-voltage power supply 8, until tubular product sample 3 is sent out
Raw rupture.As the continuous raising tubular product sample 3 of internal pressure P is plastically deformed, the outer surface of tubular product sample 3 gradually sticks on swollen
The bulging confining region of shape mold 2, the tubing of abutting section, which suffers restraints, no longer occurs bulging.With the increase of bulging degree, pipe
Material bulging area draw ratio λ is gradually reduced.Record the experimental data in bulging test process, comprising: bulging pressure P, axial strain
And hoop strain etc..
Data analysis: swollen by handling the limit of the above-mentioned available tubular product sample of experimental data under this load path
Shape coefficient, the forming properties parameter such as burst pressure and limiting strain.By multiple bulging test experiments, can obtain a series of
The forming property parameter of tubing under load path, makes overall merit to the forming property of tubing.
If Fig. 2 illustrates, in another embodiment, the method for tubing forming property is under a kind of test complex strain paths
It realizes according to the following steps:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and major diameter according to actual needs
Than the tube bulge mold 2 of variation；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample 3 according to experiment, and 3 surface of tubular product sample is clear
Wash clean；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die 2 is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample 3 is adjusted,
And the speckle of a floor random distribution is sprayed among 3 outer surface of tubular product sample around bulging area point M, the tubing examination of speckle will be sprayed with
Sample 3 is fitted into the expanding die 2, and makes point M face CCD camera 9, and Strain Analysis System 10 is connect with the CCD camera 9；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed 3 both ends of tubular product sample using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply 8 is by high-pressure spray
Body medium is filled with inside tubular product sample 3 by one end of the tubular product sample 3 after sealing, and the probe of pressure sensor 6 is inserted into close
The other end for the tubular product sample 3 being honored as a queen, the high-voltage power supply 8, Strain Analysis System 10 and the pressure sensor 6 are all connected with analysis
Test macro；
Step 5: bulging is tested: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium into the tubular product sample 3 of step 4, tubular product sample 3 exists
Bulging occurs under the collective effect of internal pressure P and expanding die 2 until rupture, records bulging pressure P changing value, swollen in Bulging Process
Axial strain and hoop strain at shape area highest point；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the available tubular product sample 3 of above-mentioned experimental data by analysis of test system 7 and exist
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under this load path.
It by 3 surface clean of tubular product sample is completely the tubular product sample 3 in step 4 in order to facilitate strain measurement in step 2
Both ends sealing prevents high-pressure fluid medium leakage when bulging from causing internal pressure P insufficient.Speckle state is with bulging degree in step 3
Variation and change, CCD camera 9 can capture speckle variations and transfer data to Strain Analysis System 10, so analyze
Strain in 3 Bulging Process of tubular product sample at intermediate point M out.
In the present embodiment, Strain Analysis System 10 preferentially selects the XTDIC three-dimensional optical speckle system of Xi'an Communications University.
XTDIC system is a kind of optical non-contact measurement system for three-dimensional deformation, for object surface appearance, displacement and the survey of strain
Amount and analysis, and three dimensional strain field data is obtained, intuitive measurement results are shown.XTDIC system combination digital image correlation technique
(DIC) speckle image of body surface is tracked, is realized in deformation process by the way that seed point is arranged with technique of binocular stereoscopic vision
Three-dimensional coordinate, displacement and the measurement of strain of body surface.CCD camera is wanted by XTDIC system support, the universal product without special
It asks.The strain data measured can be transmitted to analysis test by network protocol (or other transport protocols) by Strain Analysis System
In system.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3-Fig. 5 explanation, it is preferable that sealing means are tapered punch rigid seal, strain in the present embodiment
Measurement method is non-contact type strain measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.It is using the advantage of gas medium: gas
Body medium is suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.
Installation is fixed: spraying one along a certain range that axial intermediate position is around point M in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample
The spot (speckle) of layer random distribution.By the tubular product sample 3 for being sprayed with speckle according to structure shown in Fig. 3 be packed into design process it is swollen
In shape mold 2, and make point M face CCD camera 9.Expanding die 2 is fixed on an experiment porch, bulging die when preventing bulging
Moving influence bulging test result occurs for tool 2.Hole on connection high-voltage power supply 8 and the tapered punch 1 of side is filled with high pressure to facilitate
Fluid media (medium).The hole on pressure sensor 6 and the tapered punch 1 of the other side is connected to be convenient for measuring pressure P.Speckle state with
The variation of bulging degree and change, CCD camera 9 can capture speckle variations and transfer data to Strain Analysis System 10,
And then analyze the strain in 3 Bulging Process of tubular product sample at intermediate point M.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 explanation, it is preferable that sealing means are using welding end socket mode, strain measurement side in the present embodiment
Formula is non-contact type strain measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.It is using the advantage of gas medium: gas medium
Suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.Advantage using welding end socket sealing means is: welding structure eliminates
The mechanical structure of tapered punch 1 is pushed, bulging experimental provision is simplified.
Installation is fixed: spraying one along a certain range that axial intermediate position is around point M in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample
Layer speckle.The tubular product sample 3 for being sprayed with speckle is packed into the expanding die 2 that design processes according to structure shown in Fig. 4, and is made a little
The CCD camera 9 of the contactless strain-type of M face.Expanding die 2 is fixed on an experiment porch, bulging die when preventing bulging
Moving influence bulging test result occurs for tool 2.Hole on connection high-voltage power supply 8 and the welding end socket 11 of side is filled with high pressure to facilitate
Fluid media (medium).The hole on pressure sensor 6 and the welding end socket 11 of the other side is connected to be convenient for measuring pressure P.
In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 explanation, it is preferable that sealing means are using sealing ring and sealing plug combination side in the present embodiment
Formula, strain measurement mode are non-contact type strain measurement, and high-pressure fluid medium is liquid or gas.Using the advantage of gas medium
Be: gas medium is suitable for testing the forming property of tubing under high temperature.Advantage using sealing ring sealing means is: sealing
Mode is simple and reliable, it is easy to accomplish.
Installation is fixed: spraying one along a certain range that axial intermediate position is around point M in 3 outer surface of tubular product sample
Layer speckle.The tubular product sample 3 for being sprayed with speckle is packed into the expanding die 2 that design processes according to structure shown in Fig. 5, and is made a little
The CCD camera 9 of the contactless strain analysis measuring system of M face.Expanding die 2 is fixed on an experiment porch, is prevented swollen
Moving influence bulging test result occurs for expanding die 2 when shape.Connect the Kong Yifang on high-voltage power supply 8 and the sealing plug 12 of side
Just it is filled with high-pressure fluid medium.The hole on pressure sensor 6 and the sealing plug 12 of the other side is connected to be convenient for measuring pressure P.
The present invention is disclosed as above with preferable case study on implementation, and however, it is not intended to limit the invention, any to be familiar with this profession
Technical staff, without departing from the scope of the present invention, when the structure and technology contents that can use the disclosure above are done
A little change or it is modified to the equivalence enforcement case of equivalent variations out, but it is all without departing from technical solution of the present invention
Hold, any simple modification, equivalent change and modification done according to the technical essence of the invention to the above case study on implementation still belong to
Technical solution of the present invention range.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of tubing forming property under test complex strain paths, it is characterised in that: the method is according to following
What step was realized:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and draw ratio change according to actual needs
The tube bulge mold (2) of change；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample (3) according to experiment, and tubular product sample (3) surface is clear
Wash clean；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die (2) is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample (3) is adjusted,
And foil gauge (4) are pasted along axial intermediate position i.e. point M in tubular product sample (3) outer surface, it connects foil gauge (4) and strains
The tubular product sample (3) for pasting strain (4) is fitted into the expanding die (2) by instrument (5) with the strain at measurement point M；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed tubular product sample to be measured (2) both ends using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply (8) will be high
Pressure fluid media (medium) is filled with tubular product sample (3) inside, the spy of pressure sensor (6) by one end of the tubular product sample (3) after sealing
The other end of the tubular product sample (3) of head inserting after sealing, the high-voltage power supply (8), the deformeter (5) and the pressure sensing
Device (6) is all connected with analysis of test system (7)；
Step 5: bulging is tested: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium, tubular product sample (3) In into the tubular product sample (3) of step 4
Bulging internal pressurePWith the bulging internal pressure that bulging occurs under the collective effect of expanding die (2) until rupturing, in record Bulging ProcessP
Variation, axial strain and hoop strain at bulging area highest point M；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the above-mentioned available tubular product sample of experimental data (3) In by analysis of test system (7)
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under this load path.
2. a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the high-pressure fluid medium in step 5 is liquid or gas.
3. the method for tubing forming property, feature exist under a kind of test complex strain paths according to claim 1 or claim 2
In: sealing is realized in the end that the smaller diameter end of tapered punch (1) heads into the tubular product sample (3) by the step 4.
4. the method for tubing forming property, feature exist under a kind of test complex strain paths according to claim 1 or claim 2
In: the step 4 will weld the end realization sealing that end socket (11) are welded on tubular product sample (3).
5. the method for tubing forming property, feature exist under a kind of test complex strain paths according to claim 1 or claim 2
In: the end realization sealing that the step 4 is inserted into tubular product sample (3) by being set with the sealing plug (12) of sealing ring (13).
6. a kind of method of tubing forming property under test complex strain paths, it is characterised in that the method is according to following step
Suddenly it realizes:
Step 1: Mold Making: designing and processed with specific bulging confining region shape and draw ratio change according to actual needs
The tube bulge mold (2) of change；
Step 2: prepared by sample: needing to intercept certain length tubular product sample (3) according to experiment, and tubular product sample (3) surface is clear
Wash clean；
Step 3: installation is fixed: expanding die (2) is fixed on a test platform, the position of tubular product sample (3) is adjusted,
And the speckle of one layer of random distribution is sprayed around axial intermediate position i.e. point M in tubular product sample (3) outer surface, it is scattered by being sprayed with
The tubular product sample (3) of spot is fitted into the expanding die (2), and makes point M face CCD camera (9), Strain Analysis System (10) with
CCD camera (9) connection；
Step 4: tubing seals: being sealed tubing to be measured (3) sample both ends using corresponding sealing means, high-voltage power supply (8) will be high
Pressure fluid media (medium) is filled with tubular product sample (3) inside, the spy of pressure sensor (6) by one end of the tubular product sample (3) after sealing
The other end of the tubular product sample (3) of head inserting after sealing, the high-voltage power supply (8), Strain Analysis System (10) and the pressure
Sensor (6) is all connected with analysis of test system；
Step 5: bulging is tested: being gradually filled with high-pressure fluid medium, tubular product sample (3) In into the tubular product sample (3) of step 4
Internal pressurePWith generation bulging under the collective effect of expanding die (2) until rupture, records bulging pressure in Bulging ProcessPChanging value,
Axial strain and hoop strain at bulging area highest point M；
Step 6: data are analyzed: handling the above-mentioned available tubular product sample of experimental data (3) In by analysis of test system (7)
Pressure and limiting strain forming property parameter are burst under this load path.
7. a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: institute
Stating the high-pressure fluid medium in step 5 is liquid or gas.
8. a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths, feature described according to claim 6 or 7 exist
In: sealing is realized in the end that the smaller diameter end of tapered punch (1) heads into tubular product sample (3) by the step 4.
9. a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths, feature described according to claim 6 or 7 exist
In: the step 4 will weld the end realization sealing that end socket (11) are welded on tubular product sample (3).
10. a kind of method for testing tubing forming property under complex strain paths, feature described according to claim 6 or 7 exist
In: the end realization sealing that the step 4 is inserted into tubular product sample (3) by being set with the sealing plug (12) of sealing ring (13).
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| CN107941609B (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2019-12-17 | 太原理工大学 | Method and device for establishing forming limit diagram of thin-wall pipe |
| KR20210158044A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-30 | 주식회사 엘지에너지솔루션 | System and method for testing fatigue of metal foil |
| CN114486550A (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2022-05-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Free bulging test method and system for downhole variable-temperature patching pipe |
| CN113319208A (en) * | 2021-04-25 | 2021-08-31 | 东莞材料基因高等理工研究院 | Method for eliminating residual stress of cold drawn pipe |
| CN113624602B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-07-15 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Experimental device and construction method for right area curve of pipe forming limit diagram |
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| CN200993626Y (en) * | 2006-09-28 | 2007-12-19 | 新疆屯河节水科技有限公司 | Pipe sample hydraulic experiment mounting device |
| CN101907543A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2010-12-08 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method and equipment for measuring compressive strength and anti-explosion capability of tubing |
| CN102445384B (en) * | 2011-09-22 | 2013-10-16 | 西北工业大学 | Clamp for testing annular tensile property of tubular product |
| CN102866064A (en) * | 2012-09-28 | 2013-01-09 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Tube bulging forming limit test device and method under bi-directional pressurization condition |
| CN103528899B (en) * | 2013-11-01 | 2015-06-17 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Tube forming performance testing device and method under combined action of internal and external pressure |
| CN105300802B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2017-11-03 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of light-wall pipe two-dimensional state of stress stress-strain measurement device and method |
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