CN106840717B - Train wheel vibration testing method based on axle box acceleration electromagnetic interference resistance - Google Patents
Train wheel vibration testing method based on axle box acceleration electromagnetic interference resistance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106840717B CN106840717B CN201710027144.XA CN201710027144A CN106840717B CN 106840717 B CN106840717 B CN 106840717B CN 201710027144 A CN201710027144 A CN 201710027144A CN 106840717 B CN106840717 B CN 106840717B
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- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000035605 chemotaxis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 208000032365 Electromagnetic interference Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005674 electromagnetic induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033001 locomotion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M17/00—Testing of vehicles
- G01M17/08—Railway vehicles
- G01M17/10—Suspensions, axles or wheels
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/02—Vibration-testing by means of a shake table
- G01M7/025—Measuring arrangements
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
Abstract
The invention discloses an anti-electromagnetic interference train wheel vibration test method based on axle box acceleration, which consists of a support flat plate, a rubber sleeve, a wireless speed sensor, a wireless acceleration sensor, a wireless laser acceleration sensor, a signal receiver and a computer. The support flat plate is sleeved on the end covers of the train wheel set, the sensors are fixed at the upper end and the lower end of the support flat plate, the vibration coefficient of the wheels in the running process of the train is measured through the sensors, the vibration coefficient is transmitted to the receiver through the network module, and the change relation of the vibration coefficient along with the running speed of the train is finally obtained through the computer. The interference possibly received by the wireless sensor is eliminated by combining software and hardware, vibration test data are eliminated by a wavelet elimination method, and real-time monitoring is realized in the running process of the train. The system has the advantages of simple structure, portability, simple operation, convenient disassembly, high test precision and accurate analysis, and is suitable for various passenger and freight trains.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a train wheel contact vibration test, in particular to a train wheel vibration test method based on axle box acceleration anti-electromagnetic interference.
Background
In recent years, railway transportation is developed towards high speed, heavy load and high density, so that the power action between wheel and rail is obviously improved, the change period of the rail state is shortened, the vibration of wheels is aggravated, and the riding comfort of the vehicle is reduced, so that higher requirements are put on the monitoring and control of the contact vibration of the wheels. The test of the contact vibration of the wheels has very important significance for guaranteeing the running quality of the vehicle. The testing of the wheel contact vibration is usually performed by using devices such as sensors, and the operation of the sensors or the transmission of the wireless network module is often subject to a lot of interference, such as electromagnetic induction interference, electrostatic induction interference, leakage current induction interference, radio frequency interference and other interference. These disturbances typically affect the accuracy and transmission accuracy of the sensor, causing a baseline drift in the measured recorded waveform. The acceleration in the test data has a great influence on the analysis result, especially the integration of the data, and the influence is great, and the accurate wheel vibration state can be obtained only by performing double integration after the chemotaxis of the axle box acceleration signal.
The existing wheel vibration detection technology has the defects of high economic cost, complex system structure, weak electromagnetic interference resistance and the like. Therefore, research and development of a wheel vibration test technology with low cost, simplicity, high efficiency and electromagnetic interference resistance is urgently needed to adapt to the trend of rapid development of railway traffic.
Considering that the axle boxes are directly structurally connected with the wheels, the wheel set can be approximately regarded as a rigid body, and the axle box acceleration can directly represent the vibration state of the wheel set. The present invention thus tests the wheel contact vibration condition based on axle box acceleration.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an electromagnetic interference resistant train wheel vibration test method based on axle box acceleration. The system has the advantages of simple structure, simple and convenient operation, convenient disassembly and accurate analysis and test data.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems comprises a supporting flat plate, an end cover, a rubber sleeve, a wireless speed sensor, a wireless acceleration sensor, a wireless laser acceleration sensor, a powerful magnet, a signal receiver and a computer, and is basically characterized in that: the support flat plate (2) is sleeved on the end cover (3) of the train wheel set, the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) are placed on the support flat plate (2), the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) is connected to the lower portion of the support flat plate (2) through a gasket and a fastening bolt, and the three sensors are used for transmitting signals to the signal receiver (8), and the signal receiver (8) is used for transmitting the signals to the computer (9). The method for eliminating electromagnetic interference by combining software and hardware is basically characterized in that: in terms of hardware, a power supply with high anti-interference performance is used for realizing stable output of the power supply, and piezoresistors are connected in parallel; in software, before the timer times out, the CPU accesses the timer once to restart the timer, and the timer does not generate overflow pulse and is not enabled by the watch. The supporting flat plate (2) is embedded with a rubber sleeve (4) to keep the flat plate horizontally sleeved on an end cover (3) of the train wheel set to be clamped by a fastening bolt, and the diameter of the supporting flat plate can be finely adjusted by the fastening bolt. The lower ends of the shells of the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) are strong magnets and are adsorbed on the supporting flat plate (2), a through hole is formed in the lower part of the supporting flat plate (2), and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) is fixed on the through hole through a gasket and a fastening bolt. The signal receiver (8) and the computer (9) are both arranged in a carriage, the wireless speed sensor (5), the wireless acceleration sensor (6) and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) transmit signals to the signal receiver (8) by utilizing the network module, and the signal receiver (8) transmits signals to the computer (9) through the USB connector. Discrete wavelet transform is performed on the axle box vertical and horizontal vibration signals, namely, the frequency of the signals is continuously halved to different layers by adopting a Mallat algorithm. Determining a decomposition level, namely filtering the signal and then convolving the signal with corresponding low-pass H and high-pass filters G; the approximation coefficient of the layer is subjected to zero forcing, the detail coefficient is kept unchanged, and reconstruction is carried out, namely, zero insertion is carried out on the isolation points, and then convolution is carried out on the isolation points and the high-pass filter g. And performing double integration after the axle box acceleration signals are eliminated to obtain proper axle box vertical and transverse displacement values, thereby obtaining the space contact vibration state of the train wheels.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The wireless speed sensor and the wireless acceleration sensor are both adsorbed on the support flat plate by using strong magnetism, so that the disassembly is convenient;
(2) The wireless laser acceleration sensor is fastened below the supporting plate by using bolts, and laser is used for matching with the speed sensor at the outer side of the steel rail to obtain the change relation of the transverse vibration coefficient of the wheel along with the running speed of the train;
(3) The supporting flat plate is sleeved on the wheel set end cover by utilizing the rubber shaft sleeve, the shaft diameter of the supporting flat plate is finely adjusted by the fastening bolt, and the anti-loosening effect is achieved;
(4) The invention can effectively eliminate various electromagnetic interferences possibly suffered in the working process by utilizing a mode of combining software and hardware.
(5) And performing double integration after performing wavelet chemotaxis elimination on the vertical and transverse acceleration signals of the axle box to obtain proper vertical and transverse displacement of the axle box, thereby obtaining a relatively accurate space contact vibration state of the wheels of the train.
The wheel vibration detection method is simple in operation, convenient to detach, high in test precision, accurate in analysis and suitable for various passenger and freight trains.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic overall operation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the support plate of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic interference resisting processing method for vertical and horizontal vibration signals of an axle box according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
as shown in figure 1, the wheel set (1), a supporting flat plate (2), an end cover (3), a rubber sleeve (4), a wireless speed sensor (5), a wireless acceleration sensor (6), a wireless laser acceleration sensor (7), a signal receiver (8), a computer (9) and a steel rail (10).
As shown in figure 2, the support plate (2), the rubber sleeve (4), the wireless speed sensor (5), the wireless acceleration sensor (6) and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) are arranged on the support plate.
The support flat plate (2) is sleeved on the end cover (3) of the train wheel set (1) through the rubber sleeve (4), the plane of the support flat plate (2) is horizontally fixed on the end cover (3) through the fastening bolts, and powerful magnets on the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) are adsorbed on the plane of the support flat plate (2). The signal receiver (8) and the computer (9) are placed in a carriage of a train to be tested, the signal receiver (9) and the computer (9) are connected through a USB connector, and the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) perform data transmission through a network module.
The working principle is as follows: in the running process of the train, the wheel hub is in a state of combining rotation and vibration, and the end cover (3) positioned on the train wheel pair (1) is positioned at the rotation center of the wheel pair (1) and does not rotate, so that the movement can be approximately regarded as translation, and the vibration detection device is an optimal position for detecting vibration. The real-time speed of the train in the normal running process is measured through the wireless speed sensor (5), the supporting flat plate (2) is sleeved on the end cover (3), so that the vertical direction vibration coefficient of the supporting flat plate (2) and the end cover (3) is in a change relation with the speed, the wireless laser acceleration sensor (8) is fixed at the lower end of the supporting flat plate (2) through the gasket and the fastening bolt, the two sensors are used for taking the outer side of the steel rail (10) as a reference and matched with the wireless speed sensor (5), the change relation of the vertical vibration coefficient with the running speed of the train is measured, the vertical vibration coefficient and the transverse vibration coefficient measured through the wireless speed sensor (5), the wireless acceleration sensor (6) and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (8) are used for obtaining the correlation coefficient affecting the vibration of the wheels of the train, the train wheel vibration coefficient is transmitted to the signal receiver (8) through the network module, the signal receiver (8) transmits the collected signals to the computer (9) through the USB connector, and the computer obtains the vibration image through software analysis signals. And the elimination of electromagnetic interference is realized by combining software and hardware. In terms of hardware, a power supply with high anti-interference performance is used for realizing stable output of the power supply, and piezoresistors are connected in parallel; in software, before the timer times out, the CPU accesses the timer once to restart the timer, and the timer does not generate overflow pulse and is not enabled by the watch. Once the spike interference appears in the 'flying program', the CPU will not access the timer before timing, so the timing signal will appear, thereby causing the system reset interrupt and ensuring the intelligent instrument to return to the normal program. Discrete wavelet transform is performed on the axle box vertical and horizontal vibration signals, namely, the frequency of the signals is continuously halved to different layers by adopting a Mallat algorithm. Determining a decomposition level, namely filtering the signal and then convolving the signal with corresponding low-pass H and high-pass filters G; the approximation coefficient of the layer is subjected to zero forcing, the detail coefficient is kept unchanged, and reconstruction is carried out, namely, zero insertion is carried out on the isolation points, and then convolution is carried out on the isolation points and the high-pass filter g. And performing double integration after the axle box acceleration signals are eliminated to obtain proper axle box vertical and transverse displacement values, thereby obtaining the space contact vibration state of the train wheels.
While the invention has been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, it will be apparent that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but is also within the scope of the invention if various modifications are made by the method concept and technical solution of the invention, or the invention is directly applied to other occasions without improvement.
Claims (4)
1. The train wheel vibration test method based on axle box acceleration anti-electromagnetic interference is characterized in that test equipment comprises a support flat plate, an end cover, a rubber sleeve, a wireless speed sensor, a wireless acceleration sensor, a wireless laser acceleration sensor, a powerful magnet, a signal receiver and a computer, and is characterized in that: the support flat plate (2) is sleeved on an end cover (3) of a train wheel set, the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) are adsorbed on the support flat plate (2) through powerful magnets, the change relation of the longitudinal vibration coefficient along with the train running speed is measured, the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) is connected to the lower part of the support flat plate (2) through a gasket and a fastening bolt, the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) uses an outer rail as a reference, the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) is matched with the wireless speed sensor (5) outside a steel rail by utilizing laser, the change relation of the transverse vibration coefficient of the wheel along with the train running speed is obtained, the three sensors transmit signals to the signal receiver (8), the signal receiver (8) transmits signals to the computer (9), the wireless speed sensor and the wireless acceleration sensor are detachable, and the support flat plate can be finely adjusted and loose-proof;
the train wheel space contact vibration state acquisition process comprises the following steps: discrete wavelet transformation is carried out on vertical and transverse vibration signals of the axle box, and the frequency of the signals is continuously halved and divided into different layers by adopting a Mallat algorithm; determining a decomposition level, filtering the signal, and convolving the signal with corresponding low-pass H and high-pass filters G; zero is forced to be set on the approximate coefficient of the layer, the detail coefficient is kept unchanged, reconstruction is carried out, and the reconstruction is carried out by firstly carrying out zero insertion on the isolated points and then carrying out convolution with the corresponding low-pass h and high-pass filter g; after the axle box acceleration signals are subjected to chemotaxis elimination, double integration is carried out to obtain axle box vertical and transverse displacement values, so that a train wheel space contact vibration state is obtained, and meanwhile, the elimination of electromagnetic interference is realized by combining software and hardware; in terms of hardware, a power supply with high anti-interference performance is used for realizing stable output of the power supply, and piezoresistors are connected in parallel; in terms of software, before the timer times out, the CPU accesses the timer once, so that the timer restarts to count, normal program operation is realized, the timer does not generate overflow pulse, the watch does not work, and once the spike interference occurs in the 'flying program', the CPU does not access the timer before the timer times out, so that a timing signal occurs, and the system reset interrupt is caused, so that the intelligent instrument is ensured to return to the normal program.
2. The axle box acceleration anti-electromagnetic interference train wheel vibration testing method based on claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the supporting flat plate (2) is embedded with a rubber sleeve (4) to keep the flat plate horizontally sleeved on an end cover (3) of the train wheel set to be clamped by a fastening bolt, and the diameter of the supporting flat plate can be finely adjusted by the fastening bolt.
3. The axle box acceleration anti-electromagnetic interference train wheel vibration testing method based on claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the lower ends of the shells of the wireless speed sensor (5) and the wireless acceleration sensor (6) are strong magnets and are adsorbed on the supporting flat plate (2), a through hole is formed in the lower part of the supporting flat plate (2), and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) is fixed on the through hole through a gasket and a fastening bolt.
4. The axle box acceleration anti-electromagnetic interference train wheel vibration testing method based on claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps of: the signal receiver (8) and the computer (9) are both arranged in a carriage, the wireless speed sensor (5), the wireless acceleration sensor (6) and the wireless laser acceleration sensor (7) transmit signals to the signal receiver (8) by using a network module, and the signal receiver (8) transmits the signals to the computer (9) through a USB connector.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710027144.XA CN106840717B (en) | 2017-01-15 | 2017-01-15 | Train wheel vibration testing method based on axle box acceleration electromagnetic interference resistance |
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| CN201710027144.XA CN106840717B (en) | 2017-01-15 | 2017-01-15 | Train wheel vibration testing method based on axle box acceleration electromagnetic interference resistance |
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| CN106840717A CN106840717A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106840717B true CN106840717B (en) | 2024-03-29 |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108760359B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2024-01-02 | 常州西南交通大学轨道交通研究院 | Roller test bed with vertical electromagnetic vibration exciter |
| WO2021128985A1 (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-01 | 猫岐智能科技（上海）有限公司 | Device fault recognition systen and method |
| CN111170103B (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2021-07-20 | 猫岐智能科技（上海）有限公司 | Equipment fault identification method |
| CN113155465B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2022-06-21 | 上海工程技术大学 | Portable subway traction motor bearing state detection device |
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