CN106839840B - Heat transfer method and heat transfer system based on hot-pressing conversion effect - Google Patents
Heat transfer method and heat transfer system based on hot-pressing conversion effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heat transfer method and a heat transfer system based on a hot-pressing conversion effect, which select a working temperature interval according to the requirement
The required heat-conducting working medium is filled into the closed circulation loop with enough rigidity, so that the liquid volume of the heat-conducting working medium accounts for 60-99% of the total volume of the whole closed circulation loop at the working temperature, and the inside of the closed circulation loop is basically in a full liquid state; the liquid heat-conducting working medium at the heating end is heated to generate thermal expansion to form pressure waves, and the pressure waves extrude the liquid working medium to drive the liquid working medium to circularly flow so as to continuously maintain the hot-pressing conversion effect. The heat transfer system and the heat transfer system can realize stronger and faster heat transfer than a common heat pipe, can realize equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of 50-150 kW/m.K, are free in structural design and are less influenced by gravity overload.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-efficiency heat transfer technology, in particular to a passive heat transfer technology with a closed circulation loop, which is developed on the basis of a common heat pipe and based on a hot-pressing conversion effect.
Background
With the development of modern high and new technologies, the rapid development of new energy technologies, energy conservation and emission reduction, advanced manufacturing technologies and emerging scientific technologies makes heat and mass transfer continuously face brand new challenges and difficulties, and the importance of solving the problems of high heat flux density heat dissipation and high-efficiency heat transfer is highlighted. The thermal load per unit area of many devices is increasing, such as: the heat dissipation of large computers, power electronic devices, power equipment and optoelectronic elements, the heat transfer of reactors, the heat protection of spacecrafts, aircraft engines and gas turbines, the heat transfer of high-power micro power machinery, megawatt magnetrons and micro gas turbines and the like, and in the occasions bearing high heat load, the devices are often required to be installed compactly, the requirement on cooling temperature is strict, the high requirement on heat dissipation technology and equipment is provided, and the heat dissipation problem also becomes a bottleneck restricting the development of the industries.
In the prior art, there are some advanced active heat transfer techniques, including spray cooling, impingement jet cooling, microchannel flow phase change cooling, etc. Since active cooling techniques all require the provision of additional drive means, there are disadvantages in terms of system complexity, reliability, operating costs and convenience. The cooling capacity of the microchannel liquid forced convection cooling mode is very strong, the thermal resistance is very small, and the microchannel liquid forced convection cooling mode is not influenced by gravity and direction, but the system has the problems of large pressure drop, large temperature gradient, easy scaling, easy blockage and the like due to the tiny size of the flow channel, and in addition, the technology has extremely high requirements on the performance of various micropumps.
The heat pipe is a common passive (self-driven) high-efficiency heat transfer technology, the traditional heat pipe is limited by the position and length due to the inherent mechanism requirements of phase change and backflow, the influence of gravity and acceleration is large, in application, the degree of freedom of structural design is low, and a complex system is difficult to make. The pulsation heat pipe has a narrow working range, has the problems of difficult starting, difficult adaptation to the change of the heat load and the like, and has a limited application range.
The conventional heat pipe is known to try to enable a working medium to reach a supercritical state, and heat is transferred in a pressure wave mode, although the heat transfer performance is good, the pressure resistance requirement on a shell is high, and latent heat cannot be utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome various defects of the existing heat pipe, provides a heat transfer method and a heat transfer system based on a hot-pressing conversion effect, can realize stronger and faster heat transfer than the common heat pipe, and has free structural design and small influence of gravity overload.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme is as follows:
a heat transfer method based on a hot-pressing conversion effect comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a heat transfer system, wherein the heat transfer system is provided with a heating end and a cooling end, the heating end and the cooling end are communicated through at least two connecting channels, and the heating end, the cooling end and the connecting channels are all rigid parts and form a closed circulation loop together;
step 2, determining a working temperature interval T, selecting a heat-conducting working medium according to the working temperature interval T, and enabling the change of the working medium pressure P corresponding to the heat-conducting working medium in the working temperature interval to meet the following requirements:
the temperature differential creates a pressure differential sufficient to drive the fluid to flow against the flow resistance of the circuit, preferably such that
And the heat conducting working medium is in a gas-liquid two-phase coexistence state in the temperature interval T;
and 3, filling the heat-conducting working medium into the closed circulation loop, wherein the mass of the filled heat-conducting working medium is represented by a formula m ═ rho1V1+ρg(V-V1) It is determined that,
wherein m is the filling mass of the heat-conducting working medium, and the unit is kg;
T1taking the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the working temperature interval T as the working temperature when the filling quality is calculated1The temperature of (a) in units of,
v is the total volume of the closed circulation loop and is given by m3，
V1Is said working temperature T1The liquid volume of the heat-conducting working medium in the closed circulation loop is determined so that a liquid phase can flow along the loop during working, or the proportion of a gas phase part is determined on the basis of not blocking the liquid phase to flow along the loop, specifically V1Is selected as V1V (60-99%) in m3The internal liquid working medium is maintained at 60% to 99%, preferably, V1＝(75％～90％)V，
ρ1To be at the working temperature T1The density of the time-saturated liquid working medium is kg/m3，
ρgTo be at the working temperature T1In the time-saturated gas stateMass density in kg/m3；
And 4, closely contacting the heating end with a heat source, contacting the cooling end with a cold source or radiating heat to the environment, wherein the liquid heat-conducting working medium at the heating end is heated to generate thermal expansion to form pressure waves, the pressure waves generate an extrusion effect on the liquid working medium to drive the liquid working medium to circularly flow, and the liquid working medium flows to the heating end after being radiated and then flows to the cooling end, and the hot-pressing conversion effect is continuously maintained by circulating the process.
The technical scheme of the invention realizes high-efficiency heat transfer based on the hot-pressing conversion effect, and because the occurrence of the hot-pressing conversion effect needs to meet specific conditions, if the system is open or the rigidity of a closed circulation loop is insufficient, pressure waves cannot be repeatedly transmitted in a fluid loop, and the hot-pressing effect cannot cause the thermalization effect, so that the heat transfer capacity cannot be formed. The invention adopts a closed circulation loop structure, and the part forming the closed circulation loop is a rigid part which can sufficiently bear the working pressure of the heat-conducting working medium, so that the pressure wave generated by the liquid heat-conducting working medium can be repeatedly transmitted to form a thermalization effect.
The invention adopts a closed circulation loop structure, and the parts forming the closed circulation loop are rigid parts, so that the influence on pressure wave transmission is small, and the condition that the pressure wave transmission is blocked can not occur.
If the heating end is continuously heated, the liquid possibly enters an overheating state far away from a saturation state, the high-efficiency hot-pressing conversion state is separated, and the hot-pressing conversion effect can be continued only if the liquid heat-conducting working medium occupies 60-99% of the total volume of the whole closed circulation loop in a working temperature range. The invention selects proper heat-conducting working medium according to the actual working temperature interval, so that the change of the working medium pressure P corresponding to the heat-conducting working medium in the working temperature interval meets the following requirements:
the adopted heat-conducting working medium can generate larger pressure difference under smaller temperature change, and the pressure difference formed by the temperature difference is enough to drive the fluid to flow by overcoming the flow resistance of the loop. When the system forms a closed circulation loopThe hot pressing wave at the heating end extrudes the fluid, a pressure gradient is formed in the loop, the liquid can be driven to circularly flow, and the liquid at the heating part is taken away, so that the overheating vaporization caused by long-term residence is avoided, meanwhile, the supplemented liquid is close to saturation, and the liquid can quickly enter an efficient hot pressing conversion state. The continuous hot-pressing conversion effect is maintained by the circulation.
The larger the pressure gradient is, the better the self-circulation effect is, and the more obvious the super-strong heat transfer phenomenon of the hot-pressing conversion is.
In the same way, because the gas phase can generate strong attenuation effect on pressure wave, if the liquid ratio in the loop is not large, the gas phase space is more, and the thermalization effect can not be formed, the invention ensures that the internal liquid heat-conducting working medium maintains 60-99% of the state when the heat-conducting working medium is in the working temperature range, thereby ensuring that the liquid heat-conducting working medium is basically in a full liquid state, and when the calculation is carried out according to a calculation formula, V is selected1And (60% -99%) V to ensure normal operation of heat-transfer system. In the selected range of the liquid working medium volume ratio, the higher the liquid working medium volume ratio is, the more obvious the phenomenon of super strong heat transfer of hot-pressing conversion is.
At the working temperature, various common inorganic liquids, organic liquids, refrigerants and liquid metals can be used as heat-conducting working media, can be single heat-conducting working media or mixed heat-conducting working media which are mutually soluble, and are selected according to the working temperature and the working occasion; when the mixed heat-conducting working medium is selected, rho is the calculated formula of the filling quality1And ρgFor mixing heat-conducting working medium at the working temperature T1The density of the saturated liquid mixed working medium and the density of the saturated gaseous mixed working medium are measured;
preferably, the heat conducting working medium is selected from one of water, acetone, methanol, ethanol, refrigerants (R134a, R410A and the like), ammonia, thiuram, NaK alloy, potassium, sodium and lithium.
Preferably, when the working temperature range is between-40 ℃ and 100 ℃, the selected heat-conducting working medium is R134 a.
Preferably, when the working temperature range is between 80 ℃ and 360 ℃, the selected heat-conducting working medium is water.
In order to realize the purpose of the invention, the invention also provides a heat transfer system based on the hot-pressing conversion effect, which is used for realizing the heat transfer method, wherein the heat transfer system comprises a heating end in contact with a heat source and a cooling end in contact with a cold source or radiating the environment; the heating end with by at least two connecting channel intercommunication between the cooling end, heating end, cooling end and connecting channel are rigid component, and form a closed circulation circuit jointly.
Preferably, the rigid member is made of a metal material selected from any one of copper, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel-based superalloy, and steel.
Preferably, the heating end or the cooling end is made into any one of a serpentine tube form, a tube row form and a plate channel form.
Preferably, the connecting channel is selected from any one of an elliptical channel, a curved channel, and an inflation channel.
Preferably, the closed circulation loop can be a single-channel loop or a multi-channel parallel loop.
The closed circulation loop structure adopted by the invention has small influence on pressure wave transmission, and the condition that the pressure wave transmission is blocked can not occur.
Preferably, due to the thermal expansion characteristics of the liquid, in order to adapt to the heat transfer requirements under different temperature conditions, the liquid filling rate needs to be adjusted, so that when the liquid works at the corresponding temperature, the liquid is in a high liquid filling rate or even is close to a full state, and the situation that the channel is broken can happen once the liquid is over-full due to the over-full working, so that a liquid storage device can be arranged on the connecting channel, and the liquid filling amount in the closed circulation loop is adjusted through an opening and closing valve.
Preferably, under certain conditions, the convection capacity in the gravity-driven loop is reduced, an auxiliary pumping device can be arranged on the connecting channel in order to form stable convection circulation, and the heat transfer system can be used for the situations of horizontal placement, higher heat source position than cold source position or microgravity, frequent change of acceleration overload and the like.
The heat transfer method and the heat transfer system have the advantages that the heat transfer method and the heat transfer system are a novel passive heat transfer system developed on the basis of the heat pipe, and the heat energy is converted into pressure waves for transfer by utilizing the rapid expansion effect of the liquid working medium in a specific thermodynamic state, which is called as a hot-pressing conversion effect. Because the pressure wave propagation speed is high, the thermalization effect is rapid, so that the heat transfer of the hot-press conversion heat transfer system is faster than that of a common heat pipe, and the response is quicker.
In the heat transfer system, the hot-pressing conversion effect is combined with other heat transfer effects, and triple heat transfer effects, namely hot-pressing conversion, local phase change and convection heat transfer, are usually superposed in the hot-pressing conversion heat transfer system, so that the capacity of transferring heat load, equivalent heat conductivity coefficient and the like are superior to those of a common heat pipe, the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the common heat pipe is generally not more than 20 kW/m.K, and the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient realized by the heat transfer system disclosed by the invention reaches 50-150 kW/m.K.
Because the expansion action of the heating end can form a pressure gradient in the closed circulation loop to drive the fluid to generate convection, the capacity of the hot-press conversion heat transfer system for adapting to gravity change is stronger than that of a heat pipe which only depends on the action of gravity, and therefore, the hot-press conversion heat transfer system can still work better even if the hot-press conversion heat transfer system is inclined at a larger angle or placed horizontally.
Meanwhile, the pressure wave has a strong effect of driving convection, so that the hot-press conversion heat transfer loop has a larger degree of freedom and can be a complex multi-loop, parallel loop or long loop.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of experimentally measured pressure waves in a fluid according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the hot press transition effect of the superheat zone liquid from a compressible fluid computer simulation of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the equivalent thermal conductivity measured experimentally for the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a saturation plot of R134 a;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a thermocompression transfer heat transfer system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of the heating tip and cooling tip of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a shape view of a connecting channel of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a thermocompressive transfer heat transfer system having a fluid reservoir of the present invention;
fig. 9 is a thermocompression transfer heat transfer system of the present invention with an auxiliary pumping device.
The figures are numbered: a connecting channel 11, a heating end 12, a cooling end 13, a valve 14, a liquid storage device 15, an auxiliary pumping device 16, a coiled pipe type heating/cooling end 21, a pipe row type heating/cooling end 22, a plate channel type heating/cooling end 23, an elliptical member body 310, an elliptical channel 31, a rectangular member body 320, a curved channel 32, a sheet metal member body 330, and an inflation channel 33.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a heat transfer system and a heat transfer method, which transfer heat by adopting a hot-pressing conversion principle and utilize the following principle:
compressible fluid energy transfer equation:
according to the thermodynamic relation, the following form is converted
Wherein alpha isvIs the coefficient of thermal expansion and λ is the coefficient of thermal conductivity. When alpha isvWhen the pressure is larger, the pressure change is larger due to the temperature change in the medium, and the energy transfer, namely the heat energy transfer can be carried out by utilizing the pressure change. Under the condition that the liquid of the heat-conducting working medium accounts for 60-99% of the whole closed circulation loop, namely the full liquid state, the high-efficiency conversion of heat energy and pressure waves can be realized, and therefore the transmission of high-density heat energy is realized.
The liquid in the boundary layer of the heating part expands due to heating, and generates an extrusion effect on the surrounding liquid to form pressure waves, the pressure waves are rapidly transmitted in the fluid in the loop at the speed of sound, and are absorbed by the fluid along the way to be converted into heat energy, the temperature of the liquid is integrally raised to form a so-called piston effect (also called a fluid thermalization effect), and a temperature difference is formed at the cold end to lead the heat of the liquid to be taken away by the cold end.
The R134a is used as a heat conducting working medium, the experimentally measured pressure wave form is shown in figure 1, the forming and transmitting process of the pressure wave can be captured through the numerical calculation of the compressible fluid, and the wave form is step-shaped as shown in figure 2.
Based on the principle of the hot-pressing conversion effect, the invention provides a heat transfer method, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, providing a heat transfer system as shown in fig. 5, wherein the heat transfer system is provided with a heating end 12 and a cooling end 13, the heating end and the cooling end are communicated through at least two connecting channels 11, the heating end, the cooling end and the connecting channels form a closed circulation loop together, and a part forming the closed circulation loop is a rigid part;
step 2, determining a working temperature interval T, and if the working temperature interval T is within the range of T being more than or equal to minus 40 ℃ and less than or equal to 100 ℃, selecting R134a as a heat-conducting working medium, as shown in FIG. 4, wherein the change of the working medium pressure P corresponding to R134a in the working temperature interval can satisfy the following conditions:
and R134a is still in a gas-liquid two-phase coexistence state in the temperature interval T, and the pressure difference formed by the temperature difference is enough to drive the fluid to flow by overcoming the flow resistance of the loop; if the working temperature interval T is within the range of T being more than or equal to 80 ℃ and less than or equal to 360 ℃, the heat conducting working medium can be selected as water, the water is still in a gas-liquid two-phase coexistence state in the temperature interval T, and the pressure difference formed by the temperature difference is enough to drive the fluid to flow by overcoming the flow resistance of the loop;
and 3, filling the heat-conducting working medium into the closed circulation loop, wherein the mass of the filled heat-conducting working medium is represented by a formula m ═ rho1V1+ρg(V-V1) It is determined that,
wherein m is the filling mass of the heat-conducting working medium, and the unit is kg,
T1taking the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the working temperature interval T as the working temperature when the filling quality is calculated1The temperature of (a) in units of,
v is the total volume of the closed circulation loop and is given by m3，
V1Is said working temperature T1The liquid volume of the heat-conducting working medium in the closed circulation loop is determined so that a liquid phase can flow along the loop during working, or the proportion of a gas phase part is determined on the basis of not blocking the liquid phase to flow along the loop, specifically V1Is selected as V1V (60-99%) in m3So as to maintain the state of 60 to 99 percent of the internal liquid working medium,
ρ1to be at the working temperature T1The density of the time-saturated liquid working medium is kg/m3，
ρgTo be at the working temperature T1Density of time-saturated gaseous working medium in kg/m3；
And 4, closely contacting the heating end with a heat source, contacting the cooling end with a cold source or radiating heat to the environment, wherein at the moment, the liquid heat-conducting working medium at the heating end is heated to generate thermal expansion to form pressure waves, the pressure waves generate an extrusion effect on the liquid working medium to drive the liquid working medium to circularly flow, and the liquid working medium flows to the heating end after being radiated by the cooling end and then flows to the heating end, and the circulation is carried out to continuously maintain the hot-pressing conversion effect.
The technical scheme of the invention realizes high-efficiency heat transfer based on the hot-pressing conversion effect, and because the occurrence of the hot-pressing conversion effect needs to meet specific conditions, if the system is open or the rigidity of a closed circulation loop is insufficient, pressure waves cannot be repeatedly transmitted in a fluid loop, and the hot-pressing effect cannot cause the thermalization effect, so that the heat transfer capacity cannot be formed. The invention adopts a closed circulation loop structure, and the part forming the closed circulation loop is a rigid part which can sufficiently bear the working pressure of the heat-conducting working medium, so that the pressure wave generated by the liquid heat-conducting working medium can be repeatedly transmitted to form a thermalization effect. The rigid member is generally a metal material selected from copper, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel-based superalloy, steel, and the like.
If the heating end is continuously heated, the liquid possibly enters an overheating state far from a saturation state, the high-efficiency hot-pressing conversion state is separated, and the hot-pressing conversion effect can be continued only when the liquid heat-conducting working medium accounts for 60-99% of the total volume of the whole closed circulation loop at the working temperature. The invention selects proper heat-conducting working medium, so that the change of the working medium pressure P corresponding to the heat-conducting working medium in the working temperature interval meets the following requirements:
the adopted heat-conducting working medium can generate larger pressure difference under smaller temperature change, and the pressure difference formed by the temperature difference is enough to drive the fluid to flow by overcoming the flow resistance of the loop. When the system forms a closed circulation loop, the hot pressure wave at the heating end extrudes the fluid, and a pressure gradient is formed in the loop, so that the liquid can be driven to circularly flow, the liquid at the heating part is taken away, the overheating vaporization caused by long-term residence is avoided, meanwhile, the liquid supplemented from the cold end is close to saturation, and the high-efficiency hot-pressure conversion state can be quickly entered. The continuous hot-pressing conversion effect is maintained by the circulation.
The larger the pressure gradient is, the better the self-circulation effect is, and the more obvious the super-strong heat transfer phenomenon of the hot-pressing conversion is.
In the same way, because the gas phase can generate strong attenuation effect on pressure wave, if the liquid proportion in the loop is not large and the gas phase space is more, the thermalization effect can not be formed, the invention ensures that the internal liquid heat-conducting working medium maintains 60-99% of the state in the working temperature range of the heat-conducting working medium, thereby ensuring that the liquid heat-conducting working medium is basically in a full liquid state, and when the calculation is carried out according to a calculation formula, V is selected1And V (60% -99%) to ensure normal operation of the hydraulic conversion heat transfer system. In thatThe liquid working medium accounts for a selected range, the higher the liquid working medium volume accounts for, the more obvious the phenomenon of super-strong heat transfer of hot-pressing conversion is.
Besides thermal expansion, the heating part under high pressure can generate local boiling phenomenon to generate micro boiling bubbles, and the micro boiling bubbles can take away heat through phase change latent heat and generate pressure waves in the growing process to form a hot-pressing conversion effect. Therefore, the heat transfer effect of the hot-pressing conversion system during normal operation is generally formed by the superposition of three effects of hot-pressing conversion, local phase change and loop convection.
Compared with the common loop heat pipe with the liquid filling rate of less than 50%, the hot-pressing conversion heat transfer system is basically in a full liquid state, the phase change effect is not obvious, and a strong hot-pressing conversion effect and a convection effect driven by local expansion pressure are used as substitutes.
Therefore, the heat pipe has better heat transfer capacity and equivalent thermal conductivity than the common heat pipe.
Fig. 3 is an experimental test result of a thermocompression conversion heat transfer device using R134a as a heat conducting working medium, and it can be seen from the figure that, with the increase of the liquid filling amount, the equivalent thermal conductivity of the heat transfer system can be very high with only a small heat supply, for example, when the liquid filling amount reaches 91%, the equivalent thermal conductivity of the heat transfer system reaches about 150kW/m · K even if the heat input is below 100W. The heat transfer performance of the heat transfer system is obviously higher than that of a common heat pipe. The equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of a common heat pipe is generally not more than 20 kW/m.K, and the equivalent heat conductivity coefficient of the heat transfer system of the invention reaches 50-150 kW/m.K.
At the working temperature, various common inorganic liquids, organic liquids, refrigerants and liquid metals can be used as heat-conducting working media, can be single heat-conducting working media or mixed heat-conducting working media which are mutually soluble, and are selected according to the working temperature and the working occasion; when the mixture heat-conducting working medium is selected, rho is the calculated formula of the filling quality1And ρgFor the mixture heat-conducting working medium at the working temperature T1The density of the saturated liquid mixed working medium and the density of the saturated gaseous mixed working medium are measured;
preferably, the heat conducting working medium is selected from one of water, acetone, methanol, refrigerants (R134a, R410A and the like), NaK alloy, ammonia, thiuram, potassium, sodium and lithium.
The heating end and the cooling end of the hot-press conversion heat transfer system can be arranged at any position of the closed circulation loop, and a plurality of heating ends and a plurality of cooling ends can be arranged. Generally, it is not necessary to make a special shape, but in order to increase the heat exchange area or match the shape of the heat source, as shown in fig. 6, it can be made into coil form such as coil form heating/cooling end 21, tube row form heating/cooling end 22, etc., or can be made into plate channel form heating/cooling end 23, or other rigid structure with a circuit inside, as long as it can be connected with the whole circuit, and the wall surface allows the heat to be transferred in and out. The outer surface can be provided with fins, sleeves or other structures for strengthening heat exchange.
As shown in fig. 7, the connecting passage of the heat transfer system of the present invention does not need to be limited in shape, and can operate as long as a closed circulation loop is formed. Therefore, the oval channel 31, the curved channel 32, the inflation channel 33 or other variants can be made by respectively molding the oval member body 310, the rectangular parallelepiped member body 320 and the sheet metal member body 330.
The heat transfer system of the present invention may be a single pass loop, a multi-pass parallel loop, or a variation thereof, such as a dendritic bifurcated loop. The length or deformation of the loop is not limited. The closed circulation loop structure adopted by the invention has small influence on pressure wave transmission, and the condition that the pressure wave transmission is blocked can not occur.
Referring to fig. 8, due to the thermal expansion characteristics of the liquid, in order to adapt to the heat transfer requirements under different temperature conditions, the liquid filling rate needs to be adjusted, so that when the liquid works at the corresponding temperature, the liquid is in a high liquid filling rate and even is close to a full state, and the situation that the channel is broken once the liquid works at an overtemperature due to the overfilled liquid can occur. Therefore, a liquid storage device 15 can be arranged on the loop, the liquid filling amount in the loop is adjusted through the opening and closing valve 14, and the hot-pressing conversion heat transfer system with the liquid storage device can work normally in a large temperature range.
Referring again to fig. 9, under certain conditions where the convection capacity of the gravity-driven loop is reduced, an auxiliary pumping device 16 may be provided in order to form a stable convection circulation, and such a heat transfer system may be used in situations where the heat source is placed horizontally, the heat source is located higher than the heat sink or microgravity, and acceleration overload frequently changes.
Claims (11)
1. A heat transfer method based on a hot-pressing conversion effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, providing a heat transfer system, wherein the heat transfer system is provided with a heating end and a cooling end, the heating end and the cooling end are communicated through at least two connecting channels, the heating end, the cooling end and the connecting channels are all rigid parts and form a closed circulation loop together, and the heating end or the cooling end is made into any one of a serpentine tubular form, a tube row form and a plate-shaped channel form;
step 2, determining a working temperature interval T, selecting a heat-conducting working medium according to the working temperature interval T, and enabling the change of the working medium pressure P corresponding to the heat-conducting working medium in the working temperature interval to meet the following requirements:
and the heat conducting working medium is in a gas-liquid two-phase coexistence state in the temperature interval T;
and 3, filling the heat-conducting working medium into the closed circulation loop, wherein the mass of the filled heat-conducting working medium is represented by a formula m ═ rho1V1+ρg(V-V1) Determining, wherein m is the filling mass of the heat-conducting working medium, and the unit is kg,
T1taking the average value of the highest temperature and the lowest temperature of the working temperature interval T as the working temperature when the filling quality is calculated1In degrees C, V is the total volume of the closed circulation loop in m3，
V1Is said working temperature T1Lower, liquid volume, V, of heat-conducting working medium in the closed circulation loop1Is selected as V1(91-99%) V, unit is m3，ρ1To be at the working temperature T1The density of the time-saturated liquid working medium is kg/m3，ρgTo be at the working temperature T1Density of time-saturated gaseous working medium in kg/m3；
And 4, closely contacting the heating end with a heat source, contacting the cooling end with a cold source or radiating heat to the environment, wherein the liquid heat-conducting working medium at the heating end is heated to generate thermal expansion to form pressure waves, the pressure waves generate an extrusion effect on the liquid working medium to drive the liquid working medium to circularly flow, and the liquid working medium flows to the heating end after being radiated and then flows to the cooling end, and the hot-pressing conversion effect is continuously maintained by circulating the process.
2. The heat transfer method according to claim 1, wherein in step 2, the variation of the working medium pressure P corresponding to the heat-conducting working medium in the working temperature interval satisfies the following conditions:
3. the heat transfer method of claim 1, wherein the heat conducting working medium is selected from one or more of water, acetone, methanol, ethanol, refrigerant, carbon dioxide, ammonia, thiuram, NaK alloy, potassium, sodium, and lithium, depending on the operating temperature range.
4. A heat transfer system for realizing the thermocompression transfer effect by using the heat transfer method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a heating end in contact with a heat source, a cooling end in contact with a cold source or radiating heat to the environment; the heating end is communicated with the cooling end through at least two connecting channels, and the heating end, the cooling end and the connecting channels are all rigid parts and form a closed circulation loop together.
5. The heat transfer system of claim 4, wherein the rigid member is made of a metal material selected from any one of copper, copper alloy, aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel-based superalloy, and steel.
6. The heat transfer system of claim 4, wherein the heating end or the cooling end is formed in any one of a serpentine tube form, a tube row form, and a plate channel form, respectively.
7. The heat transfer system of claim 4, wherein the connection passage is selected from any one of an elliptical passage, a curved passage, and an inflation passage.
8. The heat transfer system of claim 4, wherein the closed circulation loop is a single-pass loop.
9. The heat transfer system of claim 4, wherein the closed circulation loop is a multi-pass parallel loop.
10. A heat transfer system according to claim 4, wherein a liquid storage means is provided in said connection passage, and the amount of liquid filled in said closed circulation circuit is regulated by opening and closing a valve.
11. A heat transfer system as claimed in claim 4, wherein auxiliary pumping means are provided on said connecting passage.
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| CN201710055775.2A CN106839840B (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2017-01-25 | Heat transfer method and heat transfer system based on hot-pressing conversion effect |
| PCT/CN2018/072434 WO2018137503A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 | 2018-01-12 | Heat transfer method and heat transfer system based on heat-pressure conversion effect |
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| CN106839840B (en) * | 2017-01-25 | 2021-07-27 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Heat transfer method and heat transfer system based on hot-pressing conversion effect |
| CN107289643A (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2017-10-24 | 云南靖创液态金属热控技术研发有限公司 | A kind of solar water heater |
| CN107666282A (en) * | 2017-08-28 | 2018-02-06 | 云南靖创液态金属热控技术研发有限公司 | A kind of Condensation photovoltaic battery heat abstractor |
| CN107702578A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-02-16 | 云南靖创液态金属热控技术研发有限公司 | A kind of circulation heat radiator for jet pipe |
| CN107969096B (en) * | 2017-12-14 | 2024-02-13 | 广东合一新材料研究院有限公司 | Non-phase-change superconductive inner circulation heat dissipation system |
| CN109612314A (en) * | 2019-01-29 | 2019-04-12 | 株洲智热技术有限公司 | Phase-change heat radiating device |
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| WO2018137503A1 (en) | 2018-08-02 |
| CN106839840A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
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