CN106839456B - Composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function - Google Patents
Composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function Download PDFInfo
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- CN106839456B CN106839456B CN201710213495.XA CN201710213495A CN106839456B CN 106839456 B CN106839456 B CN 106839456B CN 201710213495 A CN201710213495 A CN 201710213495A CN 106839456 B CN106839456 B CN 106839456B
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- hot air
- black light
- cover plate
- glass
- condenser
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S10/00—Solar heat collectors using working fluids
- F24S10/40—Solar heat collectors using working fluids in absorbing elements surrounded by transparent enclosures, e.g. evacuated solar collectors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/30—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses
- F24S23/31—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with lenses having discontinuous faces, e.g. Fresnel lenses
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S23/00—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors
- F24S23/70—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors
- F24S23/71—Arrangements for concentrating solar-rays for solar heat collectors with reflectors with parabolic reflective surfaces
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S70/00—Details of absorbing elements
- F24S70/20—Details of absorbing elements characterised by absorbing coatings; characterised by surface treatment for increasing absorption
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S80/00—Details, accessories or component parts of solar heat collectors not provided for in groups F24S10/00-F24S70/00
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/44—Heat exchange systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar condensation and heat utilization, and particularly relates to a composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar condensation heat collector. When the solar altitude angle is low, sunlight passing through the glass light inlet is reflected to the black light absorption panel with the light trap by the semi-paraboloid and the vertical reflecting surface, so that air in the air heating cavity is heated, one part of heated hot air heats the glass cover plate, and the other part of heated hot air enters the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condensing lens and rises along the inner surface of the glass cover plate, and the defrosting function is realized. When the solar altitude angle is high, sunlight passing through the glass cover plate is incident on the semi-parabolic surface and the parabolic reflecting surface, and is converged on the fins in the glass vacuum tube receiver after being reflected and absorbed by the heat exchange medium in the fluid channel, and the sunlight passing through the linear Fresnel condensing lens is directly converged on the receiver, and the two converged sunlight parts provide heat energy for the heat exchange medium together.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar condensation and heat utilization, and particularly relates to a composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar condensation heat collector.
Background
The solar concentrating solar collector which is popularized and utilized at present mainly comprises parabolic concentrating solar collectors, and has the advantages of high concentrating solar collector temperature, but has the disadvantages that the rotating center of the concentrating solar collector is not coincident with the gravity center of the whole device, and the concentrating solar collector belongs to an external concentrating mode; the glass vacuum tube receiver is positioned at the upper part of the parabolic concentrating collector, so that shadows are easily formed on the reflecting surface, the concentrating efficiency of the concentrator is influenced, and the reflecting effect is influenced due to the fact that the parabolic reflecting mirror surface is easy to fall off ash; for winter use in high latitude areas, frosting on the parabolic reflecting surface needs to be irradiated under the sun for a period of time to be eliminated, so that the normal operation time of the concentrating collector is shortened. Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the parabolic reflecting surface concentrating collector, the influence of frost in winter on the trough type concentrating collector is further solved, and the trough type solar concentrating collector formed by combining compound multi-curved surface reflecting concentrating and linear Fresnel mirror transmitting concentrating and utilizing oblique incident sunlight to heat the glass cover plate for defrosting is significant.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: in order to eliminate the influence of frosting on the solar concentrating collector in high-latitude areas in winter, prolong the effective working time of the trough type solar concentrating collector, improve the concentrating efficiency of the trough type solar concentrating collector and reduce the initial investment cost of the trough type solar concentrating collector engineering, the invention provides the composite multi-curved-surface trough type solar concentrating collector with an automatic defrosting function.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a compound multi-curved surface groove type solar concentrating collector with an automatic defrosting function comprises: a condenser, a glass cover plate, a glass vacuum tube receiver, a black light absorbing plate and a tapered hot air conduit;
the condenser is of a groove structure, the front side and the rear side of the condenser are provided with half parabolic reflecting surfaces, the bottom surface of the condenser is provided with a parabolic reflecting surface, and the two half parabolic reflecting surfaces are connected with the parabolic reflecting surfaces through two vertical reflecting surfaces respectively; the opening at the left and right ends of the condenser is closed by a glass light inlet and a side plate, and the other end is closed by a black light absorption plate; an air heating cavity is formed between the black light absorption plate and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces;
the black light absorption plate is provided with vertically arranged light traps, the top of the black light absorption plate is provided with a cover plate, and the bottom of the black light absorption plate is provided with a cold air inlet communicated with the air heating cavity; the cover plate is provided with a hot air channel communicated with the air heating cavity, a hot air outlet communicated with the hot air channel and a semicircular hot air cavity communicated with the hot air channel through a hot air lifting hole; the semicircular hot air cavity is provided with a hot air through hole;
the convergent hot air conduit is provided with spray holes and is communicated with the hot air outlet;
two ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver with fins inside penetrate through the black light absorption plate and the side plate and are arranged above the parabolic reflecting surface;
an arch structure is arranged in the middle of the glass cover plate, and a linear Fresnel condensing lens is arranged at the arch structure; the glass cover plate is arranged at the top of the condenser; the focal positions of the linear Fresnel condensing lens and the parabolic reflecting surface are overlapped with the glass vacuum tube receiver; the hot air through hole is opposite to the linear Fresnel condenser, and the spray hole is opposite to the glass cover plate.
The beneficial effects are that: the invention utilizes the principle of composite multi-curved surface reflection and linear Fresnel mirror transmission to focus incident sunlight in a forward direction, namely, the glass vacuum tube receiver is positioned in the concentrating collector, belongs to an internal concentrating mode, and heats air in a side wall hot air cavity through reflection when sunlight which is obliquely incident and cannot be concentrated on the surface of the glass vacuum tube receiver, so that the hot air heats a glass cover plate to realize an automatic defrosting function.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a light path diagram of the sunlight of the present invention at normal incidence.
Fig. 3 is a light path diagram of oblique incidence of sunlight according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical trap of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the black light absorbing plate of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a view of the present invention installed in an array on a building roof.
Fig. 7 is a view showing the arrangement and installation of the present invention on a back wall of a facility agriculture.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment in which a black light absorbing plate is arranged in honeycomb instead of a flat black light absorbing plate.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a triangular light trap instead of a circular light trap.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, a composite multi-curved surface trough type solar concentrating collector with an automatic defrosting function includes: a condenser, a glass cover plate 1, a glass vacuum tube receiver 12, a black light absorbing plate 9 and a tapered hot air conduit 5;
the condenser is of a groove structure, the front side and the rear side of the condenser are provided with half parabolic reflecting surfaces 2, the bottom surface of the condenser is provided with a parabolic reflecting surface 4, and the two half parabolic reflecting surfaces 2 and the parabolic reflecting surface 4 are respectively connected by two vertical reflecting surfaces 3; the openings at the left and right ends of the condenser are closed at one end by a glass light inlet 17 and a side plate 18, and are closed at the other end by a black light absorption plate 9; an air heating cavity 19 is formed between the black light absorption plate 9 and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces 2;
the black light absorption plate 9 is provided with vertically arranged light traps 8, the top of the black light absorption plate 9 is provided with a cover plate 21, and the bottom of the black light absorption plate 9 is provided with a cold air inlet 26 communicated with the air heating cavity 19; the cover plate 21 is provided with a hot air channel 23 communicated with the air heating cavity 19, a hot air outlet 25 communicated with the hot air channel 23, and a semicircular hot air cavity 11 communicated with the hot air channel 23 through a hot air lifting hole 24; the semicircular hot air cavity 11 is provided with a hot air through hole 22;
the convergent hot air conduit 5 is provided with a spray hole 6, and the convergent hot air conduit 5 is communicated with a hot air outlet 25;
two ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 with fins 15 inside penetrate through the black light absorption plate 9 and the side plate 18 and are arranged above the parabolic reflecting surface 4;
an arch structure is arranged in the middle of the glass cover plate 1, and a linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 is arranged at the arch structure; the glass cover plate 1 is arranged on the top of the condenser; the focal positions of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 and the parabolic reflecting surface 4 are overlapped with the glass vacuum tube receiver 12; the hot air through hole 22 is opposite to the linear fresnel concentrator 10, and the nozzle 6 is opposite to the glass cover plate 1.
Further, in practical application, in order to avoid influencing the heat collecting efficiency of the trough type solar collector due to the change of the solar altitude, the concentrator of the present invention is designed to rotate around the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 and is positioned by the positioning pin 13. Therefore, the invention can properly adjust the inclination angle according to the quarter or month so as to improve the applicability and the economy of the heat collector.
The working principle of the invention is as follows: when the solar altitude angle is low, sunlight passing through the glass light inlet 17 is reflected to the black light absorbing plate 9 with the light trap 8 by the semi-parabolic surface 2 and the vertical reflecting surface 3, air in the air heating cavity 19 is heated, and the heated hot air is heated to the glass cover plate 1 through the spray holes 6 on the shrinkage reducing air guide pipe 5 due to small density, so that the frost is eliminated in the morning in winter, and the other part enters the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 through the hot air through holes 23 on the semicircular hot air cavity 11, and then rises along the glass cover plate 1, so that the defrosting function is realized. When the solar altitude angle is high, the sunlight passing through the glass cover plate 1 is incident on the semi-parabolic surface 2 and the parabolic reflecting surface 4, and is converged on the fins 15 in the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 after being reflected, and then is absorbed by the heat exchange heat medium in the fluid channel 14, the sunlight passing through the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 is directly converged on the receiver, and the two converged sunlight jointly provides heat energy for the heat exchange medium.
Referring to fig. 2, the sunlight normal incidence light path diagram of the present invention is shown. In fig. 2, the principle of operation is explained as follows:
the light rays a and b are incident on the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10, are transmitted and converged on the fins 15 in the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 positioned at the focal point of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10, the light ray c is incident on the semi-parabolic reflecting surface 2 after passing through the glass cover plate 1, and is converged on the fins 15 after being reflected, the light ray d is incident on the parabolic reflecting surface 4 after passing through the glass cover plate 1, and is converged on the fins 15 in the glass vacuum tube receiver 12 positioned at the focal point of the parabolic reflecting surface 4 after being reflected, and the converged solar rays jointly heat the heat exchange medium in the fluid channel 14.
Fig. 3 is a light path diagram of oblique incidence of sunlight according to the present invention. In fig. 3, the operating principle is explained as follows:
oblique incident light e is incident on the semi-parabolic reflecting surface 2 through the glass light inlet 17 and then reflected into the optical trap 8, oblique incident light f is incident on the parabolic reflecting surface 4 through the glass light inlet 17 and reflected onto the black light absorbing plate 9, the two parts of light jointly raise the air temperature in the air heating cavity 19, and hot air respectively enters the lower edge of the glass cover plate 1 and the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 through the air channel, so that the temperature of the glass cover plate 1 and the temperature of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 are raised, and a defrosting function is realized.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the optical trap of the present invention. The principle of operation is explained as follows:
the reflected light rays x and z enter the light trap 8, and the light trap 8 has the characteristics of small inlet and large internal space, the entered light rays x and z are reflected in the light trap 8 for multiple times, energy is absorbed for multiple times, the reflected light rays y are directly incident on the black light absorption plate to be absorbed, air in the air heating cavity 19 is heated, and in order to prevent heat loss, the peripheries of the black light absorption plate 9 and the two half parabolic reflecting surfaces 2 are coated with heat insulation materials 20.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the operation of the black light absorbing plate of the present invention. The principle of operation is explained as follows:
the sunlight incident on the light trap 8 and the black light absorbing plate 9 heats the air in the air heating cavity 19 together, a part of heated air enters the shrinkage-reducing air duct 5 through the hot air outlet 25 along the hot air channel 23, the other part enters the semicircular hot air cavity 11 through the hot air lifting hole 24, enters the inner surface of the linear Fresnel condensing lens 10 through the hot air through hole 22, and the cold air enters the air heating cavity 19 through the cold air inlet 26 to supplement the air circulation quantity.
Fig. 6 is a view of the present invention installed in an array on a building roof.
The heat collecting system formed by connecting a plurality of composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating heat collectors with an automatic defrosting function in series and parallel is connected with a building roof through a bracket 16, and can provide heat for building energy such as building heating.
Fig. 7 is a view showing the arrangement and installation of the present invention on a back wall of a facility agriculture.
A plurality of composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating collectors with an automatic defrosting function are connected in series and are installed on the back wall of the facility agriculture by virtue of a bracket 16, heat exchange media in a heat storage water tank 27 are heated, and heat is supplied to the facility agriculture in winter by virtue of a heat exchange pipeline 28 installed in the back wall.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment in which a black light absorbing plate is arranged in honeycomb instead of a flat black light absorbing plate. The principle of operation is explained as follows:
the honeycomb arrangement black light absorbing plates 29 are used for replacing the plane black light absorbing plates, so that the light absorbing area of the light absorbing plates is increased, the heat absorbing area of air is also increased, the heat absorbing efficiency of hot air is improved, and the structural rigidity of the light absorbing plates is enhanced by the honeycomb structure.
Fig. 9 is a diagram of an embodiment of a triangular light trap instead of a circular light trap. The principle of operation is explained as follows: the triangular light trap 30 is used for replacing the circular light trap 8, so that the manufacturing difficulty of the light trap is reduced.
In summary, the above embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. Composite multi-curved surface groove type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function, which is characterized in that: it comprises the following steps: the device comprises a condenser, a glass cover plate (1), a glass vacuum tube receiver (12), a black light absorption plate (9) and a tapered hot air conduit (5);
the condenser is of a groove structure, the front side and the rear side of the condenser are provided with semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (2), the bottom surface of the condenser is provided with a parabolic reflecting surface (4), and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (2) are respectively connected with the parabolic reflecting surface (4) through two vertical reflecting surfaces (3); the opening at the left end and the right end of the condenser is closed by a glass light inlet (17) and a side plate (18), and the other end is closed by the black light absorption plate (9); an air heating cavity (19) is formed between the black light absorption plate (9) and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (2);
the black light absorption plate (9) is provided with light traps (8) which are vertically arranged, the top of the black light absorption plate (9) is provided with a cover plate (21), and the bottom of the black light absorption plate is provided with a cold air inlet (26) which is communicated with the air heating cavity (19); the cover plate (21) is provided with a hot air channel (23) communicated with the air heating cavity (19), a hot air outlet (25) communicated with the hot air channel (23) and a semicircular hot air cavity (11) communicated with the hot air channel (23) through a hot air lifting hole (24); a hot air through hole (22) is arranged on the semicircular hot air cavity (11);
the tapered hot air conduit (5) is provided with a spray hole (6), and the tapered hot air conduit (5) is communicated with the hot air outlet (25);
the two ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver (12) with the fins (15) inside penetrate through the black light absorption plate (9) and the side plates (18) and are arranged above the parabolic reflecting surface (4);
an arch structure is arranged in the middle of the glass cover plate (1), and a linear Fresnel condensing lens (10) is arranged at the arch structure; the glass cover plate (1) is arranged at the top of the condenser; the focal positions of the linear Fresnel condenser lens (10) and the parabolic reflecting surface (4) are overlapped with the glass vacuum tube receiver (12); the hot air through hole (22) is opposite to the linear Fresnel condensing lens (10), and the spray hole (6) is opposite to the glass cover plate (1);
both ends of the glass vacuum tube receiver (12) are fixed on a bracket (16), and the condenser can rotate around the glass vacuum tube receiver (12) and realize positioning through a positioning pin (13);
the black light absorbing plates (9) are black light absorbing plates arranged in a honeycomb mode.
2. The composite multi-curved surface trough type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composite multi-curved surface trough type solar concentrating collector is characterized in that: the periphery of the black light absorption plate (9) and the two semi-parabolic reflecting surfaces (2) is coated with a heat insulation material (20).
3. The composite multi-curved surface trough type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the glass vacuum tube receiver (12) is communicated with the heat storage water tank (27), and the heat storage water tank (27) supplies heat to the facility through a heat exchange pipeline (28).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710213495.XA CN106839456B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | Composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201710213495.XA CN106839456B (en) | 2017-04-01 | 2017-04-01 | Composite multi-curved-surface groove type solar concentrating collector with automatic defrosting function |
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| CN106839456A CN106839456A (en) | 2017-06-13 |
| CN106839456B true CN106839456B (en) | 2023-04-28 |
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| CN107228492B (en) * | 2017-08-03 | 2023-05-09 | 广东工业大学 | Fresnel solar concentrating collector and CPC manufacturing method |
| CN108518880B (en) * | 2018-05-07 | 2023-04-25 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Flow-limiting mixed-flow pressure regulating mechanism for cavity type heat absorber and cavity type heat absorber |
| CN108826715B (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2023-05-23 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Stepped phase-change energy storage medium-high temperature straight-through heat collecting pipe |
| CN110260530B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2023-12-01 | 内蒙古天之风科技有限责任公司 | Photo-thermal photovoltaic coupling energy supply tracking-free solar concentrator |
| CN112112761B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2021-06-11 | 金华橙果环保科技有限公司 | Fusion composite power generation system utilizing solar heat and wind power in high altitude |
| CN112361617A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-02-12 | 胡永海 | Light-gathering solar vacuum tube |
| CN112880816B (en) * | 2021-01-21 | 2022-09-23 | 内蒙古工业大学 | Linear Fresnel energy flow density test system |
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